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PUSTINJA BLACA – KULTURNI SPOMENIK OTOKA BRAČA
No full textSredinom 16. stoljeća započinje život pod špiljom Ljubitovicom na južnoj strani otoka
Brača. Tu se nastanjuju svećenici glagoljaši s ciljem vođenja istinskog pustinjačkog života i
proživljavanja svoje vjere. Pustinja Blaca nastala je posljednja od murvičkih eremitaža, ali
održala se najdulje i dostigla je najviši stupanj razvoja. Temeljila se na zajedništvu, jednostavnom
načinu života, molitvi i radu. Svi članovi Pustinje pridržavali su se Pravilnika u kome su bile
sadržane sve njihove obveze i koji je predstavljao temelj njihova napretka. Neprestanom
gradnjom, dogradnjom i obnovom, iz skromnog prostora špilje Ljubitovice razvio se impresivan i
jedinstven samostanski kompleks. O bogatstvu blatačke Pustinje najbolje svjedoče biblioteka,
tiskara, opservatorij s teleskopom, glasovir, gramofon itd. Svoj prostor pustinjaci su oplemenjivali
stilskim namještajem i umjetničkim djelima koji se mogu vidjeti u njihovoj pinakoteci. Blatački
kompleks egzistirao je 413 godina. Od 1994. godine djeluje kao muzejska ustanova u sklopu
Centra za kulturu Brač. Zahvaljujući tome, ovaj je jedinstveni spomenik kulture obnovljen i
dostupan posjetiteljima tijekom cijele godine. U sklopu Centra, aktivno se radi na zaštiti,
valorizaciji i revitalizaciji blatačkog kompleksa, s konačnim ciljem priznavanja pustinje Blaca kao
baštine pod zaštitom UNESCO-a.In the mid-16th century, life began under the cave of Ljubitovica on the southern side of
the island of Brač. This is where Glagolitic priests settled with the aim of leading a true hermit's
life and living out their faith. Blaca Desert was the last of the hermitages in the region of Murvica
to be established, but it endured the longest and reached the highest level of development. It was
founded on community, a simple way of life, prayer, and work. All members of the Desert adhered
to a set of rules that contained all their obligations and served as the foundation of their progress.
Through constant construction, expansion, and renovation, an impressive and unique monastery
complex has emerged from the humble space of Ljubitovica cave. The wealth of Blaca Desert is
best evidenced by its library, printing press, observatory with a telescope, piano, gramophone,
and more. The monks adorned their space with stylish furniture and artworks that can be seen in
their gallery. The Blaca complex existed for 413 years. Since 1994, it has functioned as a museum
institution within the Brač Cultural Center. Thanks to this, this unique cultural monument has been
restored and is accessible to visitors year-round. Within the Center, active efforts are underway
to protect, valorize, and revitalize the Blaca complex, with the ultimate goal of recognizing Blaca
Desert as a UNESCO-protected heritage site
ANTIČKI SPOMENICI OTOKA VISA
No full textVis (Isa) postoji kao otok koji su ljudi naselili već punih pet tisuća godina, čemu svjedoče ostaci preindoeruopskih zajednica koje su tu živjele. Zatim je otok naselilo ilirsko pleme Liburna, koji su oko V. stoljeća prije Krista postepeno sve više dolazili u kontakt s grčkim trgovcima i moreplovcima. Eventualno je 397. godine prije Krista Dionizije Stariji, vladar grčkog grada Sirakuze na Siciliji, poslao svoje ljude da na Isi osnuju grčku koloniju. Za osnutak grada odabrali su mjesto unutar današnje viške luke koja je zatvorena i zaštićena sa svih strana. Tako je nastalo snažan grčki polis koji je kovao svoj novac, osnivao dalje svoje kolonije na Korčuli, Trogiru i Stobreču. Najveći lokaliteti ovoga doba su možda nekropole, u čijim je grobovima pronađeno dosta predmeta i ostataka.
Isa je kao grčki polis napredovala sve dok nije stala na stranu Pompeja koji je bio u građanskom ratu sa Cezarom. Nakon što je Pompej doživio poraz, Isa se morala predati te je tako postala grad Rimskog carstva 45. godine prije Krista. Unatoč tome, Isa je i dalje prosperirala, čemu u prilog idu rimski teatar i terme, koji su važni ostaci tog razdoblja kako za Isu, tako i za cijelu Hrvatsku. Naposljetku Isa više nije mogla konkurirati u trgovini te je polako pala u zaborav.
Dolaskom Hrvata, Isa postaje hrvatski grad.Vis (Isa) has existed as an inhabited island for at least five thousand years, as evidenced by the remains of pre-Indo-European communities that had lived there. Island then had become inhabited by the Illyrian tribe of Liburns, who gradually came into contact with Greek traders and sailors around the 5th century BC. Eventually, in 397 BC, Dionysius the Elder, ruler of the Greek city of Syracuse in Sicily, sent his men to establish a Greek colony in Isa. For the foundation of the city, they chose a place inside today’s port of Vis, which is closed and protected from all sides.
This is how this strong Greek polis was created, which minted its own money and founded its won colonies in Korčula, Trogir and Stobreč. The largest localities of this era are perhaps its necropolises, in whose graves many objects and remains were found.As the Greek polis, Isa had kept progressing until it sided with Pompey who was in a civil war with Caesar. After Pompey was defeated, Isa had to surrender and thus became a city of the Roman Empire in 45 BC. Despite this, Isa continued to prosper, which is evidenced by the Roman Theater and thermal baths, which are important remnants of that period for both Issa and Croatia.
At least, Isa could no longer compete in trade and slowly fell into oblivion. With the arrival of the Croats, Isa became a Croatian town
L’APPORTO LATINO NEL LESSICO ITALIANO
No full textL'obiettivo principale di questa tesina è osservare l'influenza della lingua latina sul lessico italiano. Nel corso del suo sviluppo, il latino si è diviso in due varietà, il latino volgare, versione parlata del latino, e il latino classico, versione scritta del latino. Dal latino volgare si è sviluppato l'italiano contemporaneo, mentre il latino classico è stato usato per nominare le nuove invenzioni e gli oggetti. In seguito, il latino continuò a essere usato nell’ambito di chiesa, letteratura, rapporti amministrativo-giuridici, scoperte tecniche e scientifiche, mass media. Oggi la lingua latina fa parte del lessico italiano attraverso parole ereditarie e parole dotte, ma anche attraverso numerose espressioni entrate indirettamente nel vocabolario italiano. Il corpus di 42 parole di origine latina presentate in questa tesina è un’altra prova che nel corso della storia la lingua latina è stata una fonte inesauribile di nomi per vari oggetti e invenzioni e che ha lasciato una notevole influenza sul lessico della lingua italiana.The main objective of this thesis is to observe the influence of the Latin language on the Italian lexicon. Over the course of its development, Latin divided into two varieties, Vulgar Latin, spoken version of Latin, and Classical Latin, written version of Latin. Contemporary Italian developed from Vulgar Latin, while classical Latin was used to name new inventions and objects. Over the years Latin continued to be used in the context of the church, literature, administrative-legal relations, technical and scientific discoveries, and the mass media. Today the Latin language is part of the Italian lexicon through inherited words and Latinisms, but also through numerous expressions that have indirectly entered the Italian vocabulary. The corpus of 42 words of Latin origin presented in this thesis is further proof that throughout history the Latin language has been an inexhaustible source of names for various objects and inventions and that it has left a notable influence on the lexicon of the Italian language
FIKCIJA I FAKCIJA U USMENOJ EPICI IMOTSKE KRAJINE
No full textU ovom radu zabilježeni su različiti aspekti kulturne baštine Imotske krajine, prvenstveno iz sela Grabovac iz kojeg potječe moja obitelj. Prikupjena su stara vjerovanja, povijesne predaje, mitske i demonološke predaje, a spominju se i pričanja iz svakodnevnog života. Ovi elementi čine bogato nasljeđe Imotskog kraja, a mnogi od njih, iako su slični drugim narodima, imaju svoj jedinstveni karakter i osobni pečat kazivača. Zapaženo je da se čak i kad se priče i predaje bave istom temom, međusobno razlikuju u nekoliko detalja ili stihova. Ove sitne razlike često predstavljaju osobni doživljaj kazivača i dokaz su da se usmena književnost prenosila s generacije na generaciju. Važno je istraživati i dokumentirati takve priče jer često čine srž kulturnog identiteta i nasljeđa naroda. Osim toga, u radu se govori i o gangi, pučkim pjesmama i molitvama. Ovim se radom nastojalo opovrgnuti predrasude o vrijednosti usmene književnosti jer se ističe da usmena književnost nije samo zbirka priča i pjesama, već i duboki izraz duše naroda, odražavajući njihov identitet, vrijednosti i povijest. Hrvatski jezik na kojem su ove priče ispričane čini ovu baštinu još dragocjenijom. Ovaj rad doprinosi očuvanju kulturne baštine Imotskog kraja i pomaže osigurati da se bogato nasljeđe prenosi i na buduće generacije.In this research paper, various aspects of the cultural heritage of Imotska krajina have been recorded, primarily from the village of Grabovac, from which my family originates. Old beliefs, historical traditions, myths, and demonological tales have been collected, along with mentions of everyday life narratives. These elements constitute the rich heritage of the Imotska region, and many of them, although similar to those of other nations, have their unique character and the personal touch of the narrators. It is notable that even when stories and traditions address the same topic, they differ in several details or verses. These subtle differences often represent the personal experience of the narrators and are evidence that oral literature has been passed down from generation to generation. It is important to research and document such stories because they frequently form the core of a people's cultural identity and heritage. Additionally, the paper discusses "ganga," folk songs, and prayers. Through this work, an effort has been made to debunk prejudices about the value of oral literature by emphasizing that oral literature is not merely a collection of stories and songs but also a profound expression of a people's soul, reflecting their identity, values, and history. The Croatian language in which these stories were narrated makes this heritage even more precious. This paper contributes to the preservation of the cultural heritage of the Imotska region and helps ensure that this rich legacy is passed on to future generations
VESPA NEL CINEMA ITALIANO CONTEMPORANEO
No full textL’obiettivo principale di tesi è di presentare il tema della vita sociale degli oggetti perché
anche essi partecipano nella nostra creazione. Non è solo che gli uomini creino gli oggetti con
la manipolazione fisica, ma anche gli oggetti creano e danno importanza alla nostra vita
attraverso diversi valori che assumono. Dato che oggi viviamo in una società guidata e marcata
dal capitalismo, la maggior attenzione si presta ai prodotti banali – come vengono
rappresentati per catturare l’attenzione degli altrui partendo dal presupposto che lo scambio
economico crea valori.
La seconda parte della tesi dimostra la crescita economica italiana che dopoguerra era
economicamente e moralmente indebolita. Come l’epitome degli anni del boom economico
viene presa la Vespa che portò non solo alla motorizzazione ma anche all’emancipazione delle
donne dando nuova vita che Italia fin d’allora non conosceva.
La parte centrale della tesi è l’analisi di Luca dove vengono analizzate le caratteristiche della
sceneggiatura e lo spazio del film. Oltre all’analisi della sceneggiatura, c’è anche l’analisi del
ruolo della Vespa che diventa il governatore dell’azione e uno dei protagonisti importanti che
aiuta a scoprire e a maturare i personaggi.The main aim of this thesis is present the theme of the social life of the objects since they also
participate in our creation. Not only do people participate in the creation of objects using their
physical strength, but objects also create and contribute meaning to our lives through the
various values they take on. Since we live in a capitalist society, most of the attention is paid
to banal products – how to present them to attract the attention – with the assumption that
economic exchange creates value.
The second part of the thesis addresses economic and moral growth of Italy, which had
stagnated during the war. As a symbol and embodiment of economic growth, the Vespa led
not only to motorization of society, but it also contributed to the emancipation of women,
creating a new life that Italy had never known before.
The central part is the analysis of cartoon Luca where the characteristics of the scene and
space of the fil mare analysed. In addition to these analyses, there is also an analysis of the
role of Vespa which becomes both the initiator of the plot and one of the main important
protagonists which helps in discovery and maturation of characters
PARTNERSTVO RODITELJA I USTANOVA RANOG I PREDŠKOLSKOG ODGOJA I OBRAZOVANJA – KVALITATIVNAPERSPEKTIVA RODITELJA
No full textU današnjem obrazovnom kontekstu, partnerstvo između roditelja i ustanova ranog i predškolskog odgoja ima ključnu ulogu u djetetovom razvoju. Ovaj diplomski rad istražuje ovo partnerstvo iz kvalitativne perspektive roditelja, sa fokusom na razumijevanje njihovih iskustava i stajališta. Kroz pažljivo vođene intervjue i analizu teksta dublje se prodire u njihove doživljaje i perspektive. Ističući otvorenu komunikaciju, uzajamno povjerenje, suradnju i podršku kao temeljne elemente, istraživanje razmatra i izazove s kojima se susreću roditelji i ustanove. Kroz autentične citate roditelja, rad pruža bogatstvo različitih iskustava. Zaključno, istraživanje potvrđuje važnost izgradnje i održavanja održivog partnerstva koje pozitivno utječe na djetetov razvoj i obrazovanje te pruža temelj za daljnje poboljšanje odnosa koji je ključan u obrazovnom procesu predškolske djece.In today's educational context, the partnership between parents and institutions of early and preschool education plays a key role in a child's development. This thesis explores this partnership from the qualitative perspective of parents, with a focus on understanding their experiences and viewpoints. Through carefully conducted interviews and text analysis, it penetrates deeper into their experiences and perspectives. Emphasizing open communication, mutual trust, cooperation and support as fundamental elements, the research also considers the challenges faced by parents and institutions. Through authentic quotes from parents, the work provides a wealth of different experiences. In conclusion, the research confirms the importance of building and maintaining a sustainable partnership that has a positive impact on children's development and education, and provides a foundation for further improvement of the relationship that is crucial in the educational process of preschool children
ELIZABETH I
No full textElizabeta I., kraljica Engleske, vladala je od 1558. godine do 160
3 . godine. Elizabeta je kćer kralja Henrika VIII. i njegove druge supruge Ane Boleyn. Kao dijete od nepune tri godine
ostala je bez majke, koju je njen otac dao pogubiti Na vlast je došla n akon smrti svoje sestre
Marije I. Tudor , koja je bila katolkinja i starija kćer Henrika VIII., koju je dobio u prvom braku,
s Katarinom Aragonskom. Elizabeta je s njom uvijek bila u napetim odnosima jer je Marija
zahtijevala njeno preobraćenje na katoličanstvo. Marija je skoro godinu dana držala Elizabetu
u zatočeništvu zbog sumnje o njezinom sudjelovanju u uroti protiv nje. Elizabeta je došla na
englesko prijestolje nakon Marijine smrti 1558. godine. Dolaskom na prijestolje, ponovno je
uspostavila Anglikansku crkvu. Čim je došla na prijestolje dobila je velik broj bračnih ponuda .
Vješto je manipulirala svojim proscima, u korist napretka vanjske politike, no na kraju ih je sve
odbil a. Potpomagala je protestante u Francuskoj i Nizozemskoj. Njen veliki rival bila je njena
rođakinja Marija, kraljica Škotske, koja je također polagala pravo na englesko prijestolje.
Marija je, na kraju, zbog sudjelovanja u raznim urotama protiv Elizabete pogubljena. Odnosi
između Engleske i Španjolske su se sve više pogoršavali, po sebno nakon pogubljenja Marije,
potpomaganja protestantima u Nizozemskoj te pljačkanja španjolskih brodova. Filip II. je 1588.
godine poslao Nepobjedivu armadu da napadne Englesk u, no engleska mornarica je porazila
Armadu te se time uvrstila među velesile.Elizabeth I, Queen of England, ruled from 1558 to 160
3 . Elizabeth was the daughter of
King Henry VIII and his second wife, Anne Boleyn. She became queen after th e death of her
sister Mary I Tudor, who was a Catholic and the older daughter of Henry VIII from his first
marriage to Catherine of Aragon. Elizabeth had a troubled relationship with Mary as Mary
insisted on her conversion to Catholicism. Mary even impris oned Elizabeth for almost a year
on suspicion of her involvement in a plot against her. Elizabeth ascended to the English throne
upon Mary's death in 1558. Upon her accession, she re established the Anglican Church. Upon
coming to the throne, Elizabeth rec eived numerous marriage proposals. She skillfully
manipulated her suitors for the advancement of her foreign policy but eventually declined all
of them. She supported Protestants in France and in the Netherlands. Her major rival was her
cousin Mary, Queen of Scots, who also held claim to the English throne. Mary was eventually
executed due to her involvement in various plots against Elizabeth. Relations between England
and Spain deteriorated, especially after the execution of Mary, Elizabeth's support for t he Dutch
Protestants and the plundering of Spanish ships. In 1588, Philip II sent the Spanish Armada to
attack England, but the English navy defeated the Armada, establishing England as a major
power
PHILOSOPHY FOR CHILDREN-PURPOSE OF USINA STORIES IN EDUCATION
No full textOva rad istražuje kako bajke igraju ključnu ulogu u oblikovanju dječjeg filozofskog razmišljanja. Proučavajući filozofiju s djecom u uvodnom dijelu, seminar naglašava važnost integracije bajki kao poticajnih alata za učenje. Drugo poglavlje istražuje kako bajke, kroz svoje bogate svjetove i simbole, potiču razvoj kritičkog mišljenja, mašte i kreativnosti kod djece, omogućujući im da istraže širok spektar ideja i perspektiva. Treći dio istražuje kako bajke pružaju djetetu dublji uvid u razumijevanje emocionalnih problema, te kako se biblioterapija, kroz književnost, može koristiti kao alat za emocionalno iscjeljenje. Poglavlje "Polarizacija dobra i zla u bajkama" analizira moralne aspekte bajki, ističući univerzalne koncepte i etičke dileme koje pružaju djeci dublje razumijevanje društvenih vrijednosti i moralnih izazova. Primjeri upotrebe bajki "Ivica i Marica" i ''Ljepotica i zvijer'' u filozofskoj nastavi sažima sve aspekte seminara, prikazujući kako bajke praktično potiču filozofsku refleksiju i analizu. Kroz ovaj seminar, postaje jasno kako bajke obogaćuju filozofsku interakciju djece, omogućujući im da se povežu s kompleksnim konceptima i razviju vještine koje će im služiti kroz život.This work explores how fairy tales play a crucial role in shaping children's philosophical thinking. Examining philosophy with children in the introductory part, the seminar underscores the importance of integrating fairy tales as stimulating learning tools. The second chapter delves into how fairy tales, through their rich worlds and symbols, foster the development of critical thinking, imagination, and creativity in children, allowing them to explore a wide range of ideas and perspectives. The third section explores how fairy tales provide children with deeper insights into understanding emotional issues and how bibliotherapy, through literature, can be used as a tool for emotional healing.
The chapter "Polarization of Good and Evil in Fairy Tales" analyzes the moral aspects of fairy tales, highlighting universal concepts and ethical dilemmas that provide children with a deeper understanding of societal values and moral challenges. The example of using the fairy tale "Hansel and Gretel" and ''Beauty and the Beast'' in philosophical education summarizes all aspects of the seminar, showcasing how fairy tales practically stimulate philosophical reflection and analysis. Through this seminar, it becomes clear how fairy tales enrich children's philosophical engagement, allowing them to connect with complex concepts and develop skills that will serve them throughout their lives
ORAL LYRICAL POEMS IN THE ETHNOLOGICAL CONTEXT IN VRLIKA
No full textOvaj završni rad prikazuje usmene lirske pjesme u etnološkom kontekstu u Vrličkom kraju. Autorica svoja razmišljanja usko veže uz bogatu povijest i široku vrličku tradiciju koja obiluje različitim običajima, a temelje pronalazi unutar obitelji i župne zajednice. Promatrajući stanovnike Vrlike i okolice unutar jedne kalendarske godine, autorica iznosi sve najvažnije blagdane i običaje koje su naši pradjedovi i prabake naslijedili od svojih predaka i nastavili prenositi na buduće naraštaje. Cijela priča započinje pripremom za blagdan Kristova rođenja pa kroz Advent dolazimo do Božića, a potom preko liturgijske godine i mnoštva svetaca upoznajemo i Veliki tjedan te Uskrs. Najveći žar i najbolja zanimljivost upravo je svjedočenje troje kazivača koji iz prve ruke prepričavaju svoja životna iskustva. Usmeni je način prenošenja tradicije i običaja bio primaran zato što mnoštvo stanovnika Vrlike nije znalo čitati ni pisati pa nam to danas stvara živopisan dojam svega onoga što su naši preci doživjeli. Iako budi sjećanja i vraća nas u prošlost, usmenoj predaji ne možemo sa sigurnošću vjerovati. Uvijek dijelovi mogu pasti u zaborav, kao što se i dijelovi mogu nadodati, a da uopće ne čine tradiciju niti se uklapaju u običaje. Upoznavajući stanovništvo, istražujući povijest Vrlike i objektivno promatrajući priču troje kazivača, autorica kronološki iznosi sve ono što je važno da buduće generacije zapamte i nastave prenositi na svoju djecu.This final thesis presents oral lyrical poems in the ethnological context of the Vrlika region. The author closely connects her thoughts with the rich history and wide Vrlika tradition, which abounds in various customs, and finds its foundations within the family and the parish community. Observing the inhabitants of Vrlika and its surroundings within one calendar year, the author presents all the most important holidays and customs that our great-grandparents inherited from their ancestors and continued to pass on to future generations. The whole story begins with the preparation for the feast of Christ's birth, so through Advent we come to Christmas, and then through the liturgical year and the multitude of saints we get to know Holy Week and Easter. The greatest zeal and the best curiosity is the testimony of three narrators who retold their life experiences from the first hand. The oral way of transmitting traditions and customs was primary because many people in Vrlika could not read or write, so today it gives us a vivid impression of everything that our ancestors experienced. Although it evokes memories and takes us back to the past, we cannot trust oral tradition with certainty. Parts can always fall into oblivion, just as parts can be added without making a tradition at all or fitting into customs. Getting to know the population, researching the history of Vrlika and objectively observing the story of the three narrators, the author chronologically presents all that is important for future generations to remember and continue to pass on to their children
CULTURAL STUDIES AND THE CONTEMPORARY CROATIAN NOVEL
No full textU ovom su radu osnovne ideje kulturalnih studija, s posebnim naglaskom na prikaz obične kulture male mediteranske sredine koja je u prostornom i društvenom smislu konceptualizirana kao periferija, predstavljene u kontekstu suvremenih hrvatskih romana Smrt djevojčice sa žigicama autora Zorana Ferića i Adio kauboju autorice Olje Savičević Ivančević. Unatoč tradicionalnim vrijednostima koje su ukorijenjene u kulturalnim praksama, Mediteran je prikazan kao tipičan postmodernistički prostor rubnih situacija i poprište sukoba između različitih svjetonazora i kultura, zbog čega se koristi za reprezentaciju čitavoga hrvatskog prostora, čija je tragična svakodnevica obilježena apatijom, nasiljem i netolerancijom prema drugima i drugačijima. Osim što podrivaju društvene konstrukte i načela dominantne ideologije, romani se svojim parodijskim modusom snažno suprotstavljaju ideji kanona i visoke književnosti. Ukazujući na problem višeznačnosti kulture, kratkim se pregledom različitih pokušaja definiranja ovog pojma nastoji skrenuti pozornost na radikalni preokret u određenju kulture, kojim su kulturalni studiji znakovito najavili subverzivne težnje postmodernog doba: otpor prema ideji kanona i tradicionalnom poimanju kulture i književnosti, rušenje zadanog obrasca te podrivanje vrijednosne hijerarhije. Upravo se brisanje granice između visoke i niske kulture, koje u grotesknom prikazu svijeta u romanima Zorana Ferića i Olje Savičević Ivančević dobivaju zajednički predznak „rubnog“, proučava kao sjecište analiziranih romana i kulturalnih studija.In this paper, the basic ideas of cultural studies are presented in the context of contemporary Croatian novels, The Death of the Little Match Girl by Zoran Ferić and Farewell, Cowboy by Olja Savičević Ivančević, with a particular emphasis on the representation of the 'ordinary' culture in a desolate Mediterranean setting that is conceptualized as the periphery in both spatial and social sense. In spite of the deep-seated traditional values which are inextricable part of the cultural practices, the Mediterranean is represented as a typically postmodern place of marginal situations, as well as the battleground of conflicting ideologies and different cultures, which makes it suitable for representing the entire Croatian society and its bleak everyday reality burdened with growing sense of apathy, violence, and intolerance towards the different. In addition to undermining social constructs and principles of the dominant ideology, the novels strongly oppose the idea of the canon and high literature. By bringing up the issue of cultural ambiguity, this brief review of various attempts to define culture is aimed to draw attention to the radical shift in its definition, by means of which cultural studies heralded the subversive intentions of the postmodern era: resistance to the traditional view of culture and literature, breaking the genre pattern and undermining the value hierarchy. Finally, it is the distortion of the boundaries between high and low culture – both being overshadowed by the idea of fringe in Zoran Ferić's and Olja Savičević Ivančević's grotesque depiction of the world – that is analyzed as the common ground between their novels and cultural studies