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PROBLEM DVOJNIH BAZILIKA NA PROSTORU RIMSKE PROVINCIJE DALMACIJE
No full textDa su politička zbivanja od davnina imala veliki utjecaj u raznim poljima života, pa čak i polju slobodnog odabira i prakticiranja religije, dobro nam svjedoči promjenjivi kasnoantički odnos prema kršćanima. Naime, oni su tek u prvim desetljećima IV. stoljeća, s Galerijevim i Konstantinovim ediktima, dobili slobodu javnog prakticiranja svoje vjere, koja podrazumijeva i gradnju bazilika. Već krajem IV. ili pak početkom V. stoljeća neke od bazilika se udvajaju, čime nastaju dvojni objekti (basilicae geminatae). Iako je veći broj dvojnih bazilika građen sukcesivno, ima i onih koje su građene istovremeno. U arhitektonskom pogledu, one su ništa drugo doli podvostručene bazilike, odnosno dvije crkve najčešće postavljene paralelno jedna uz drugu, a rijeđe jedna iza druge. Na prostoru rimske provincije Dalmacije otkriveno ih je i istraženo čak dvadesetak. No, one nisu isključivo lokalna pojava te provincije, već su u velikom broju bile zastupljene na prostoru cijelog Sredozemlja koje je u to vrijeme bilo sastavni dio Rimskog Carstva. Iako su se brojni istraživači bavili ne samo pitanjem njihovog nastanka i namjene, već i pitanjem tko je prvi otkrio taj problem, još uvijek nemamo konačno rješenje koje bi se moglo primijeniti na sve otkrivene dvojne bazilike.That political events from ancient times had a great influence in various fields of life, and even in the field of free choice and practice of religion, is a good testimony to the changing late antique attitude towards Christians. Namely, they got the freedom to publicly practice their religion in the first decades of IV. century, with the edicts of Galerius and Constantine, which also includes building basilicas. Already at the end of IV. or else at the beginning of the 5th century, some of the basilicas were doubled, creating double buildings (basilicae geminatae). Although the majority of double basilicas were built successively, there are also those that were built simultaneously. From an architectural point of view, they are nothing more than doubled basilicas: two churches most often placed parallel to each other, and less often one behind the other. As many as twenty of them have been discovered and explored in the area of the Roman province of Dalmatia. However, they are not exclusively a local phenomenon of that province, but were represented in large numbers throughout the entire Mediterranean, which at that time was an integral part of the Roman Empire. Although numerous researchers have dealt not only with the question of their origin and purpose, but also with the question of who first discovered this problem, we still do not have a final solution that could be applied to all discovered double basilicas
MEDIJI U LIKOVNOM RADU S DJECOM
No full textOvaj rad istražuje u kojoj mjeri medijski sadržaji utječu na likovne radove djece rane i predškolske dobi, s posebnim naglaskom na usporedbu utjecaja crtanih filmova i priča. Istraživanje je realizirano u Dječjem vrtiću Mandalina u Splitu, gdje je sudjelovalo 50 djece u dobi od 3 do 7 godina. U razdoblju od travnja do lipnja 2024. godine prikupljen je 81 dječji rad. Analizom tih radova identificirani su različiti stupnjevi utjecaja medijskog sadržaja, koji su klasificirani prema kodovima 2, 1 i 0. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da medijski sadržaji imaju značajan utjecaj na dječje likovno izražavanje, pri čemu crtani filmovi pokazuju izraženiji utjecaj u odnosu na priče.This paper explores the extent to which media content influences the artistic works of young children, with a particular focus on comparing the impact of cartoons and stories. The research was conducted at the Mandalina Kindergarten in Split, involving 50 children aged 3 to 7 years. During the period from April to June 2024, 81 children's artworks were collected. The analysis of these works identified varying degrees of media content influence, classified according to codes 2, 1, and 0. The results of the study showed that media content has a significant impact on children's artistic expression, with cartoons demonstrating a more pronounced influence compared to stories
RELIGIOUS MOTIVES IN FINE ART
No full textCilj ovog rada je razmotriti religiozne motive u slikarstvu kroz povijest umjetnosti. Religiozni motivi su odražavali duhovne, kulturne i društvene vrijednosti različitih civilizacija. Osim što su služili kao izraz vjere i pobožnosti slike s religioznim motivima pokazatelj kulturnog i povijesnog konteksta u kojem su nastali pri čemu nude uvid u duhovne živote ljudi u različitim vremenima i na različitim mjestima ilustrirajući univerzalnu ljudsku potragu za smislom i vezom s božanskim. Kroz ovaj rad se analizira teorijsko razmatranje religije i važnosti religije kroz povijest te na koji način se religijski motivi isprepliću kroz povijest u području slikarstva. Zaključno se može istaknuti kako religiozni motivi u slikarstvu predstavljaju bogato i raznoliko područje umjetničkog izražavanja koje se razvijalo stoljećima odražavajući promjene društvenih, kulturnih i teoloških shvaćanja. Od prapovijesnih špilja do suvremenog doba prisutne su simboličke ideologije.The aim of this paper is to consider religious motifs in painting through the history of art. Religious motifs reflected the spiritual, cultural and social values of different civilizations. In addition to serving as an expression of faith and piety, paintings with religious motifs are a indicator of the cultural and historical context in which they were created, offering insight into the spiritual lives of people in different times and places, illustrating the universal human search for meaning and connection with the divine. This work analyzes the theoretical consideration of religion and the importance of religion throughout history and how religious motifs are intertwined throughout history in the field of painting. In conclusion, it can be pointed out that religious motifs in painting represent a rich and diverse area of artistic expression that has developed over the centuries, reflecting changes in social, cultural and theological understandings. From prehistoric caves to modern times, symbolic ideologies are present
HRVATSKE NJEMICE I NJIHOVE SUDBINE U PORAĆU
No full textHrvatski Nijemci pripadnici su njemačke nacionalne manjine čija se prisutnost na hrvatskom teritoriju može pratiti od 13. stoljeća. Velik broj Nijemaca naselio je područje Hrvatske nakon oslobođenja od Osmanlija u 19. stoljeću. Naziv za Nijemce izvan teritorija Njemačke je Folksdojčeri.
Rad se sastoji od nekoliko dijelova, prvi dio objašnjava prisutnost Nijemaca na hrvatskom i jugoslavenskom području. Drugi dio odnosi se na pitanje tko su zapravo bile hrvatske Njemice, odnosno kada su došle na područje Hrvatske, kakva je bila uloga Njemica u Hrvatskoj prije početka Drugog svjetskog rata. Potom se u radu govori o provođenju agrarne reforme i protjerivanju Nijemaca s njihovih posjeda, ali i o pravnom položaju unutar Jugoslavije. Treći dio govori o nametanju kolektivne krivnje većini Folksdojčera za zločine Trećeg Reicha. Zatim se u djelu govori o sudbini Njemica u Njemačkoj, ali i o sudbini jugoslavenskih Njemica. Sudbine žena iz Berlina za vrijeme sovjetske okupacije uspoređuju se sa sudbinama hrvatskih Njemica. Posljednji dio rada odnosi se na sudbinu hrvatskih Nijemaca u logoru Krndija. Njihova svakodnevica, životni uvjeti, prehrana, bolesti i drugi problemi s kojima su se suočavali. Na samom kraju prikazana su neka od pisama hrvatskih Njemica, a zatim i pjesme koje su logorašice zapisivale i pjevale u logoru, kao i ostaci spomenara iz privatnog posjeda hrvatske Njemice. Cilj rada je prikazati njihovu bolnu sudbinu koja ih je nepravedno zadesila u godinama nakon rata. Hrvatske Nijemce nova je vlast dehumanizirala, no rad, iako pun njihovih osobnih i teških svjedočanstava, želi prikazati njihovu volju za slobodom i životom.Croatian Germans are members of the German national minority, whose presence on Croatian territory can be traced back to the 13th century. A large number of Germans settled on the territory of Croatia after liberation from the Ottomans in the 19th century. Another name for members of the German national minority is Volksdeutschers, that is, the name for Germans outside the territory of Germany.
The work consists of several parts, the first part explains the presence of Germans on Croatian and Yugoslav territory. The second part refers to the question of who Croatian German women actually were, that is, when they came to the territory of Croatia, what was the role of Germans in Croatia before the beginning of World War II. Then the work discusses the implementation of agrarian reform and the expulsion of Germans from their estates, but also about legal status within Yugoslavia. The third part is about the imposition of collective guilt on the majority of Volksdeutschers for the crimes of the Third Reich. Then the work discusses the fate of German women in Germany, but also about the fate of Yugoslav German women. The fates of women from Berlin during the Soviet occupation are compared with the fates of Croatian Germans. The last part of the paper refers to the fate of Croatian Germans in the Krndija camp. Their everyday life, living conditions, diet, illnesses and other problems they faced . At the very end, some of the letters of Croatian German women are shown, and then also the songs that female camp inmates wrote and sang in the camp, as well as the remains of a scrapbook from the private property of a Croatian German woman.
The aim of the work is to show their painful fate that befell them unjustly in the years after the war. Croatian Germans were dehumanized by the new government, but the work, although full of their personal and difficult testimonies, wants to show their will for freedom and life
ZNAČAJKE VIDEOIGARA IZ PERSPEKTIVE DJECE OSNOVNOŠKOLSKE DOBI
No full textCilj ovoga istraživanja bilo je ispitati djecu o preferenciji medija, količini vremena provedenog igrajući videoigre, vrstama i značajkama videoigara, komunikaciji s roditeljima i drugim igračima, edukativnim značajkama videoigara, samoprocjeni osjećaja, ponašanja i motiva za igranje te utjecaju na fizičko zdravlje. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo ukupno dvanaest ispitanika (šest djevojčica i šestero dječaka u dobi od osam do petnaest godina), a odvijalo se tijekom školske godine 2023./2024. Pomoću polustrukturiranog intervjua, prikupljeni su navedeni podatci. Dobiveni rezultati su pokazali da djeca većinom imaju dobro mišljenje o videoigrama i povezuju ih s pozitivnim osjećajima i ponašanjima. Djeca su zainteresirana za uvrštavanje videoigara u obrazovanje. Većinom smatraju da bi uz knjige i učitelje ponekad trebalo uvrstiti i edukativne videoigre. Također, većina djece je navela da imaju fizičkih nelagoda nakon duljeg igranja videoigara, ali su imali pozitivan stav za igre koje uključuju fizičko kretanje.The aim of this research was to examine children about media preference, amount of time spent playing video games, types and features of video games, communication with parents and other players, educational features of video games, self-assessment of feelings, behavior and motives for playing and the impact on physical health. A total of twelve subjects participated in the research (six girls and six boys aged eight to fifteen), and it took place during the 2023/2024 school year. Using a semi-structured interview, the above data were collected. The obtained results showed that children mostly have a good opinion about video games and associate them with positive feelings and behaviors. Children are interested in including video games in education. Most believe that educational video games should sometimes be included along with books and teachers. Also, most children stated that they have physical discomfort after playing video games for a long time, but they had a positive attitude towards games that involve physical movement
Traduzione ed analisi della traduzione di Spaccio della bestia trionfante di Giordano Bruno
No full textLo scopo di questa tesi è di tradurre una parte del libro “Spaccio de la bestia trionfante” di Giordano Bruno. Nella prima parte si parlava della sua vita e opere che sono numerose. La seconda parte della tesi è la traduzione del libro con l’originale in italiano. Nella terza parte si parlava della traduzione stessa, della teoria della traduzione e finalmente l’analisi della traduzione dello “Spaccio” e soluzioni dell’autrice.The goal of this thesis is to translate a part of the book “Spaccio de la bestia trionfante” by Giordano Bruno. The first part describes his life and literary works of which there are many. The second part is the translation itself with the original in Italian. The third part discusses the translation itself, the theory of translation and finally the analysis of the ”Spaccio” and author’s solutions
Fortifikacijska i katolička sakralna arhitektura u Jajcu od 15. do 18. stoljeća
No full textThe city of Jajce is situated in central Bosnia and Herzegovina. Archaeological excavations found around the city of Jajce suggest that the area has been inhabited since prehistoric times. This said area is rich with useful ores, which contributed to the very active history during the ancient Roman times. Moreover, Jajce and its surrounding area are very rich in Roman archaeological findings, suggesting that the area was highly populated. The position that Jajce is situated in is very strategic and quite unconquerable. Although fortifications of Jajce were built during Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić, the city probably existed before his intervention. Whilst on the topic of this Bosnian nobleman, it must be highlighted that the catacombs, or more precisely the underground church, is attributed to Hrvoje, and it is widely believed that this was supposed to be a tomb of the nobleman and his noble family. It is also important to note that relics of Saint Luka were situated in Jajce. For a period, the relics were held in the Church of Saint Mary. This church is still standing in the ruins of medieval Jajce, as a reminder of the glory days. Unfortunately, in 1523, Jajce fell into the hands of Ottomans, where the Bosnian king lost during the negotiations against the Ottomans. This was the architectural and historical ending for Jajce and centuries of stagnation began.The city of Jajce is situated in central Bosnia and Herzegovina. Archaeological excavations found around the city of Jajce suggest that the area has been inhabited since prehistoric times. This said area is rich with useful ores, which contributed to the very active history during the ancient Roman times. Moreover, Jajce and its surrounding area are very rich in Roman archaeological findings, suggesting that the area was highly populated. The position that Jajce is situated in is very strategic and quite unconquerable. Although fortifications of Jajce were built during Hrvoje Vukčić Hrvatinić, the city probably existed before his intervention. Whilst on the topic of this Bosnian nobleman, it must be highlighted that the catacombs, or more precisely the underground church, is attributed to Hrvoje, and it is widely believed that this was supposed to be a tomb of the nobleman and his noble family. It is also important to note that relics of Saint Luka were situated in Jajce. For a period, the relics were held in the Church of Saint Mary. This church is still standing in the ruins of medieval Jajce, as a reminder of the glory days. Unfortunately, in 1523, Jajce fell into the hands of Ottomans, where the Bosnian king lost during the negotiations against the Ottomans. This was the architectural and historical ending for Jajce and centuries of stagnation began
NAČELO NEPREKINUTOSTI U FILOZOFIJI RUĐERA BOŠKOVIĆA
No full textRad predstavlja načelo neprekinutosti u prirodnoj filozofiji Josipa Ruđera Boškovića. Neprekinutost nalazimo u prirodnim znanostima, matematici, teologiji, filozofiji, historiji, a pitanje neprekinutosti pokretalo je rasprave od samih početaka ljudskog mišljenja. O pojmu neprekinutosti raspravljali su razni filozofi kao npr. Parmenid, Heraklit, Platon, Aristotel, Leibniz. Kod Boškovića nalazimo apriorno i induktivno dokazivanje načela neprekinutosti. Induktivno dokazivanje potvrđuje načelo neprekinutosti kao veoma pouzdano, ali ne i sasvim sigurno, dok ga metafizički dokaz treba potvrditi kao sasvim sigurno i nepogrešivo, a priori dokazano načelo. Metafizički dokaz načela neprekinutosti Bošković stvara u okviru razvoja svoje teorije uzajamnih sila. Dokaz se odnosi na mijenu mjesta tijekom vremena i na mijenu u intenzitetu nekog tjelesnog svojstva. Neprekinutost u tim mijenama Bošković dokazuje metodom reductio ad absurdum, svodeći svaku pretpostavku skoka na apsurd. Posljedično, neprekinutost ostaje kao jedina mogućnost, odnosno nužnost. Više je prigovora protiv načela neprekinutosti, a glavni protuprimjer je primjer skoka koji se događa prilikom udara tijela u tijelo. Da bi izbjegao udar, a time i skok, Bošković uvodi odbojnu silu koja zaustavlja međusobno primicanje tijela prije negoli se dodirnu.This work presents the principle of continuity in the natural philosophy of Josip Ruđer Bošković. We find continuity in the natural sciences, mathematics, theology, philosophy, history, and the question of continuity has been the subject of discussions since the very beginning of human thought. The concept of continuity was discussed by various philosophers such as Parmenides, Heraclitus, Plato, Aristotle, Leibniz. In Bošković, we find an a priori and inductive proof of the principle of continuity. Inductive proof confirms the principle of continuity as very reliable, but not completely certain, while metaphysical proof should confirm it as a completely certain and infallible, a priori proven principle. Bošković creates a metaphysical proof of the principle of continuity within the framework of the development of his theory of mutual forces. Evidence refers to a change in place over time and to a change in the intensity of a physical property. Bošković proves the continuity of these changes using the reductio ad absurdum method, reducing every assumption of a jump to an absurdity. Consequently, continuity remains as the only possibility, or necessity. There are several objections against the principle of continuity, and the main counterexample is the example of a jump that occurs when one body collides with another. In order to avoid an impact, and so a jump, Bošković introduces a repulsive force that stops the bodies moving closer to each other before they touch
BILINGUALISM: DEVELOPMENT AND COGNITIVE IMPACT
No full textThe aim of this thesis is to give an overview of bilingualism as a linguistic phenomenon. The thesis begins by defining the term bilingualism as well as explaining why there are certain issues in defining that term. To better understand this linguistic phenomenon, the thesis explains different types of bilingualism. What follows is an overview of the language development of bilingualism, which includes theories of development, preverbal and verbal language development of bilinguals, and the concept of the age factor in relation to bilingual development. The end of the thesis aims to explain the impact of bilingualism on cognition and the positive impact of bilingualism on the delay in the onset of dementia.bilingualism, types of bilingualism, verbal and preverbal language development, theories of bilingual language development, age factor, cognition, dementia.bilingualism, types of bilingualism, verbal and preverbal language development, theories of bilingual language development, age factor, cognition, dementia.Cilj ovog rada je predstaviti pojam dvojezičnosti kao jezičnog fenomena. Rad započinje definiranjem pojma dvojezičnosti te objašnjenjem zašto postoje određeni problemi pri definiranju tog pojma. Radi boljeg razumijevanja ovog jezičnog fenomena, u radu se objašnjavaju različite vrste dvojezičnosti. Slijedi pregled jezičnog razvoja dvojezičnosti uključujući teorije razvoja, predverbalni i verbalni jezični razvoj dvojezičnosti te utjecaj dobi na dvojezični razvoj. Na kraju rada objašnjava se utjecaj dvojezičnosti na kogniciju te pozitivni utjecaj dvojezičnosti na odgodu nastanka demencije
PRIČANJE PRIČE U PROGRAMSKOM JEZIKU SCRATCH
No full textProgramiranje ima važnu ulogu u suvremenom obrazovanju. Svojim neprestanim
razvijanjem postaje vještina na kojoj je potrebno raditi cijeli život. Upoznajući se od prvoga
razreda osnovne škole s programskim jezikom Scratch, učenicima se omogućuje da na
jednostavan i praktičan način usvoje osnovne koncepte programiranja. Slažući blokove naredbi
poput lego kockica, programiranje u Scratchu dostupno je i razumljivo svima, bez potrebe za
prethodnim znanjem. Kako se programski jezik Scratch zasniva na stvaranju projekata kroz
interaktivne priče, povezuju se digitalne vještine s jezičnim sposobnostima. Pisanjem priča i
dijaloga na hrvatskom jeziku omogućuje se njihovo interaktivno stvaranje u digitalnom obliku.
Time se potiče razvoj apstraktnoga razmišljanja, digitalne pismenosti i kreativnoga pisanja.
U ovom radu prikazan je programski jezik Scratch i njegova korelacija s nastavnim
predmetom Hrvatski jezik. Korelacijom nastavnoga predmeta Informatika s nastavnim
predmetom Hrvatski jezik stvara se dinamično okruženje koje priprema učenike za izazove
suvremenoga društva. Programski jezik Scratch pokazao se kao iznimno koristan i praktičan
alat u obrazovanju jer potiče učenike na kreativnost, istraživanje i rješavanje problema. Njime
se ostvaruje temelj za daljnji razvoj u području informacijske i komunikacije tehnologije.Programming plays an important role in modern education. With its continuous
development, it becomes a skill that needs to be worked on for a lifetime. By being
introduced to the Scratch programming language from the first grade of elementary school,
students are enabled to learn basic programming concepts in a simple and practical way. By
stacking blocks of commands like Lego bricks, programming in Scratch is accessible and
understandable to everyone, with no prior knowledge required. As the Scratch programming
language is based on creating projects through interactive stories, digital skills are connected
with language abilities. By writing stories and dialogues in the Croatian language, it is
possible to create them interactively in digital form. This encourages the development of
abstract thinking, digital literacy and creative writing.
This paper presents the programming language Scratch and its correlation with the
subject Croatian language. By correlating the Informatics subject with the Croatian language
subject, a dynamic environment is created that prepares students for the challenges of modern
society. The Scratch programming language has proven to be an extremely useful and
practical tool in education as it encourages students to be creative, research and solve
problems. It provides the foundation for further development in the field of information and
communication technology