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Tjelesna aktivnost djece viših razreda osnovne škole
No full textUvod: Tjelesna aktivnost ključna je za očuvanje zdravlja
i prevenciju kroničnih bolesti poput bolesti srca, dijabe
tesa i pretilosti. Stoga se naglašava važnost aerobnih i
anaerobnih aktivnosti, a osobito kod djece. Međutim,
važno je provoditi optimalnu tjelovježbu jer pretjerana
tjelesna aktivnost može dovesti do negativnih posljedi
ca za mentalno zdravlje.
Cilj: Utvrditi učestalost tjelesne aktivnosti kod djevojči
ca i dječaka viših razreda osnovne škole za vrijeme i
izvan sata tjelesne i zdravstvene kulture.
Materijali i metode: Istraživanje se provodilo s učeni
cima viših razreda osnovne škole putem standardizi
ranog upitnika za procjenu razine tjelesne aktivnosti
PAQ-C (engl. Physical Activity Questionnaire for Chil
dren). Upitnik je učenicima bio dostupan u online obliku
preko platforme Google Forms u trajanju od dva tjedna.
Rezultati: Pokazali su kako se učenici najčešće bave
tjelesnim aktivnostima petkom i subotom, a najmanje
ponedjeljkom te da su dječaci značajno aktivniji od dje
vojčica (p=0,001). Tjelesnu aktivnost provode 2 i više
puta tjedno, tj. njih 65% se bavilo od 2 do 6 i više puta
nekim sportom, plesom ili se igrao/la nekom igrom u
kojoj su bili vrlo aktivni. Njih 66 % se bavilo od 2 do 6 i
više puta u večernjim satima nekim sportom, a 77% se
bavilo odmah nakon škole nekim sportom. 50% ispita
nika bavilo nekom vrstom tjelesne aktivnosti svaki dan.
Zaključak: Rezultati ukazuju na visoku prevalenciju tje
lesne neaktivnosti među djecom te preporuka za bu
dućnost uključuje osmišljavanje i provedbu programa
koji bi dodatno motivirali djecu na sudjelovanje u tjele
snoj aktivnosti
Quantification and Predictors of Hemoglobin Drop, Hidden Blood Loss and Irrigation Fluid Retention in Shoulder Arthroscopy
No full textBackground: Shoulder arthroscopy is a common, minimally invasive surgery, but the resulting postoperative blood loss remains poorly understood. In this study, we quantified the intraoperative and postoperative blood loss, the hemoglobin (Hb) drop, and the effects of irrigation fluid retention, as well as the influence of solutions administered through infusions. Methods: A prospective observational study of 49 patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff tear (RCT) repair was conducted. Their preoperative and postoperative Hb levels were measured, along with the intraoperative and postoperative blood loss. Irrigation fluid retention was analyzed, and multiple regression was used to assess the factors contributing to Hb drops. Results: The intraoperative blood loss amounted to 36.46 ± 20.34 mL, while the total blood loss reached 791.17 ± 280.96 mL, with 94.64% occurring postoperatively. The postoperative Hb drop (2.06 ± 0.74 g/dL) was significantly greater than the intraoperative Hb drop (0.11 ± 0.06 g/dL) (p < 0.001). An older age (p = 0.02) and male sex (p = 0.025) significantly predicted the postoperative Hb drop, while irrigation fluid retention and administration of crystalloids and colloids had no notable effects. Capsulotomy was associated with a small but significant increase in intraoperative blood loss (p < 0.01). Increased intraoperative blood loss correlated with greater irrigation fluid retention (r = 0.41, adjusted R2 = 0.152, p < 0.001). Conclusions: In shoulder arthroscopy, the postoperative blood loss and Hb drop are significantly greater than the intraoperative blood loss and Hb drop, as well as the fluid gain, emphasizing the need for careful monitoring, especially in high-risk patients. Future studies should investigate the potential impacts of low-molecular-weight heparin on postoperative bleeding after shoulder arthroscopy
POLICE POWERS IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS INVOLVING MINORS
No full textSigurnost ljudi i imovine je jedna od osnovnih ljudskih potreba, a zadaća i obveza policije je zaštititi javnu sigurnost i sigurnost građana. Policijske ovlasti koje policijski službenici primjenjuju radi obavljanja policijskih poslova propisane su Zakonom o policijskim poslovima i ovlastima. Policijske ovlasti u kojima postoje ograničenja vezano za maloljetnike i djecu su pozivanje maloljetnika, prikupljanje obavijesti od djeteta, način prikupljanja podataka o djeci i maloljetnicima, provjera identiteta za dijete ili maloljetnika, uhićenje maloljetnika, dovođenje i privođenje djeteta ili maloljetnika, uporaba sredstava prisile i ograničena, podnošenje kaznene prijave od maloljetne osobe te izvještavanje o maloljetnom počinitelju kaznenih djela za koja se progon poduzima po privatnoj tužbi ili povodom prijedloga, a uređene su Zakonom o policijskim poslovima i ovlastima, Pravilnikom o načinu postupanja policijskih službenika i Zakonom o sudovima za mladež. Pravni položaj djece i maloljetnika uređen je brojnim međunarodnim i nacionalnim propisima. Pojam djeteta različito je normiran u svakoj državi, a Konvencija o pravima djeteta propisuje da je dijete svako ljudsko biće mlađe od 18 godina, osim ako se prema zakonu primjenjivanom na dijete punoljetnost ne stječe ranije, što ostavlja mogućnost da države u svojem nacionalnom zakonodavstvu definiraju pojam djeteta. Postupanje prema djeci uređeno je raznim zakonima poput Zakona o policijskim poslovima i ovlastima, Zakona o sudovima za mladež, Kaznenog zakona i Zakona o zaštiti od nasilja u obitelji. Policijske ovlasti prema djeci primjenjuju policijski službenici za mladež koji su posebno educirani za rad s djecom te oni postupaju u slučajevima kada je na štetu djeteta počinjeno kazneno djelo ili prekršaj, ali i u slučajevima kada se radi o maloljetnim počiniteljima kaznenih djela ili prekršaja. Hrvatski zavod za socijalni rad ima važnu ulogu u gotovo svakom postupanju policije s djecom te je kao institucija sustava socijalne skrbi nadležan za zaštitu prava i dobrobiti djeteta. Iako u Republici Hrvatskoj zakonski okvir postupanja prema djeci omogućuje kvalitetno postupanje, u praksi i dalje postoje razni izazovi u postupanju policijskih službenika.The safety of people and property is one of the basic human needs and the task and duty of the police is to protect public safety and the security of citizens. Police powers exercised by police officers during the performance of police duties are prescribed by law. Police powers in which there are restrictions related to minors and children include summoning minors, collecting information from a child, the method of collecting dana on children and minors, verifying the identity of a child or minor, arresting minors, bringing and detaining a child or minor, the use of force and restraints, filing criminal charges against minors, reporting on minors who have commited criminal acts for which proceedings are initiated before a juvenile court based on a proposal, and are regulated by the Law on Police Duties and Powers, the Rulebook on the Manner of Police Officers Conduct and the Law on Juvenile Courts. The legal position of children and minors is regulated by international and national regulations. According to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, a child is any human being under the age of 18, but states have the possibility to define the term „child“ within their national legislation. Procedures involving children are regulated by various laws such as the Law on Police Duties and Powers, the Law on Juvenile Courts, the Criminal Code and the Law on the Protection Against Domestic Violence. Police powers involving children are exercised by youth officers who are specially trained to work with children and act in cases where a child is harmed by a criminal offence or misdemeanors. The Croatian Institute for Social Work plays an important role in almost every police procedure involving children, as it is the institution of the social welfare system responsible for the protection of children's rights and welfare. Although the legal framework in the Republic of Croatia allows for quality procedures in dealing with children, in practice there are still various challenges in the conduct of police officers
The influence of market microstructure on price formation and short-term price dynamics
No full textThis thesis investigates the interaction between market microstructure variables and short-term price dynamics in cryptocurrency markets, focusing on BTCUSDT data from Binance’s spot and perpetual futures instruments. Using high-frequency order book snapshots, trade flow data, and funding rate signals, the analysis evaluates the extent to which liquidity and price movements influence one another.
Econometric models, including Glosten–Milgrom spread decomposition and Kyle’s lambda, are applied to quantify information asymmetry and price impact. Vector autoregression (VAR) and Granger causality tests are used to explore directional relationships between spreads, returns, and volume.
Empirical results show that spreads and order book depth contain meaningful information about future price behavior, though Granger causality tests yield limited predictive relationships. The Glosten–Milgrom model suggests that informed trading accounts for a significant portion of the observed spread, while Kyle’s lambda exhibits weak explanatory power in high-frequency spot data but strengthens under robust regression. Machine learning models demonstrate modest but consistent forecasting ability, particularly in capturing short-term directional shifts. The findings offer actionable insights for market participants. Execution strategies can benefit from adaptive order placement based on real-time liquidity metrics, while market makers may adjust spreads dynamically in response to changing information asymmetry. This research contributes to the growing literature on crypto market microstructure and provides a foundation for further studies on liquidity-driven trading algorithms
Acquisition and selection of human resources in the hotel industry
No full textUpravljanje ljudskim potencijalima jedna je od najvažnijih funkcija u poduzeću zbog direktnog utjecaja na uspješnost poslovanja poduzeća. Pravilno biranje ljudskih potencijala pomaže poduzeću dostići postavljene ciljeve i osigurava uspješnost na tržištu. S obzirom na to da su tržišni uvjeti često promjenjivi i teško predvidivi, važno je da organizacija prati aktualne trendove i u skladu s njima prilagođava svoje planove i strategije. Izvori pribavljanja ljudskih potencijala dijele se na unutarnje i vanjske. Unutarnji izvori obuhvaćaju internu promociju - oglašavanje unutar organizacije te preporuke zaposlenika ili nadređenih. Vanjski izvori obuhvaćaju širi spektar pribavljanja ljudskih potencijala poput suradnje s agencijama za zapošljavanje, oglašavanja u medijima i slično. Najveći broj zaposlenih u poduzeću na novim pozicijama, dolazi iz unutarnjeg izvora, zbog poznavanja organizacije, vrijednosti, poznavanja organizacijske kulture i osobne motivacije što može doprinijeti razvoju tima, novih ideja i donijeti dodatnu vrijednost poslovanju. Učinkovito upravljanje ljudskim potencijalima podrazumijeva ne samo proces pribavljanja, već i njihov daljnji razvoj kroz edukaciju, sustave nagrađivanja i mentorstvo. Time se jača timski duh, razvija se motivacija, smanjuje se fluktuacija zaposlenika i osigurava dugoročna stabilnost poslovanja. U radu su prikazane sličnosti i različitosti u upravljanju ljudskim potencijalima u hotelijerskoj industriji na primjeru malog hostela - Dharma i većeg lanca hotela - Valamar, te važnost kvalitetne selekcije kandidata pri zapošljavanju. Kod usporedbe, poseban naglasak stavljen je na važnost kvalitetne selekcije kandidata koja predstavlja temelj za izgradnju uspješnog tima i ostvarenje ciljeva poduzeća
International conference “Implementing European Law Principles in National Administrative Law” Opatija and Rijeka, 17th – 18th February 2025: Book of Abstracts
No full textUniversity of Rijeka, Faculty of Law Inter-University Center of Excellence Opatija High Administrative Court of the Republic of Croatia in cooperation with the Hanns Seidel Foundation, Zagreb Office organized the International Scientific Conference “European Law Principles in National Administrative Law” which was held on February 17, 2025, in the conference hall of Hotel Bristol Opatija, and on February 18, 2025, at the Faculty of Law in Rijeka
STING in cancer immunoediting: Modeling tumor-immune dynamics throughout cancer development
No full textCancer immunoediting is a dynamic process of tumor-immune system interaction that plays a critical role in cancer development and progression. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of innate signaling pathways possessed by both cancer cells and immune cells in this process. The STING molecule, a pivotal innate immune signaling molecule, mediates DNA-triggered immune responses in both cancer cells and immune cells, modulating the anti-tumor immune response and shaping the efficacy of immunotherapy. Emerging evidence has shown that the activation of STING signaling has dual opposing effects in cancer progression, simultaneously provoking and restricting anti-tumor immunity, and participating in every phase of cancer immunoediting, including immune elimination, equilibrium, and escape. In this review, we elucidate the roles of STING in the process of cancer immunoediting and discuss the dichotomous effects of STING agonists in the cancer immunotherapy response or resistance. A profound understanding of the sophisticated roles of STING signaling pathway in cancer immunoediting would potentially inspire the development of novel cancer therapeutic approaches and overcome the undesirable protumor effects of STING activation
Association between the COX-2 rs689466 polymorphism and antipsychotic treatment: Impact on HDL cholesterol changes in clozapine-treated psychosis patients
No full textSeveral studies have shown antipsychotic effects of the selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib as an add-on treatment to antipsychotic treatment. The functional rs689466 (A/G) polymorphism in the gene encoding COX-2 (also known as the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 gene) has been correlated with schizophrenia risk and the niacin skin flush response among chronic patients under antipsychotic treatment. Here, we investigated whether this polymorphism was associated with antipsychotic treatment in a group of total psychosis patients (N = 186), as well as a subgroup of patients treated with clozapine (N = 74). Antipsychotic-naïve first-episode patients and non-adherent chronic psychosis patients were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. At baseline and after 8 weeks of treatment with various antipsychotic medications, we assessed the patients’ Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores, factors, and metabolic syndrome-related parameters, including fasting plasma lipid and glucose levels and body mass index. In the total patient group, the COX-2 polymorphism was not associated with PANSS psychopathology scores or metabolic parameters. However, in the subgroup of patients treated with clozapine, the COX-2 polymorphism was associated with changes in plasma HDL cholesterol. Specifically, compared to patients homozygous for the A allele, the subgroup of patients treated with clozapine and positive for the G allele (i.e., GG or AG genotype) exhibited significantly higher increases in HDL cholesterol levels. The COX-2 polymorphism had a moderate effect size but made a relatively weak contribution to variations in the HDL cholesterol level (∼9.6 %)
Evaluation of the Microbiological Performance and Potential Clinical Impact of New Rapid Molecular Assays for the Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections
No full textBloodstream infection (BSI) is a critical medical emergency associated with a high mortality rate. Rapid and accurate identification of the causative pathogen and the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing are crucial for initiating appropriate antimicrobial therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a new rapid PCR Molecular Mouse System (MMS) for the identification of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) and GNB resistance genes directly from a positive blood culture (BC). The validation of these rapid multiplex assays was carried out in a real hospital setting. A total of 80 BSI episodes were included in our study and the results were compared with culture-based methods. BC samples in which GNB had previously been detected microscopically and which originated from different hospital wards were analysed. The MMS GNB identification assay achieved a sensitivity of 98.7% and a specificity of 100% for the covered pathogens. In one BC sample, Klebsiella aerogenes was identified at the family level (Enterobacteriaceae) with MMS. However, in three polymicrobial samples, MMS identified bacteria that were not detected by culture-based methods (Klebsiella pneumoniae, K. aerogenes and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia). MMS also showed excellent overall performance in the detection of GNB resistance markers (100% sensitivity and 100% specificity). The type of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) resistance gene identified correctly with MMS was CTX-M-1/9 (n = 17/20), alone or in combination with SHV-type β-lactamase or with the different types of carbapenemase genes. MMS detected one carbapenemase gene of each type (KPC, NDM and OXA-23) and six OXA-48 genes. In addition, the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 was detected in one positive BC with Escherichia coli (E. coli). The time to result was significantly shorter for MMS than for routine culture methods. A retrospective analysis of the patients’ medical records revealed that a change in empirical antimicrobial therapy would have been made in around half of the patients following the MMS results. These results support the use of MMS as a valuable complement to conventional culture methods for more rapid BSI diagnosis and adjustment of empirical therapy
Common Ownership and Horizontal Shareholding Through the Lenses of the Agri-Food Value Chain
No full textThe modern agricultural and food industry is characterized by a high degree of consolidation and concentration of ownership. In addition to vertical integrations with predecessors or successors in the value chain in order to secure inputs, markets or important resources, horizontal integrations are also common, whether directly through company mergers or
integrations aimed at consolidation within large multinational corporations (MNCs). An increasingly common form of horizontal ownership concentration is investment by a third, independent, party, an institutional investor, in several companies within the same industry. Third-party investments in companies competing in the same industry are referred to as horizontal shareholding, a particular form of common ownership that is largely determined by the investment activities of large asset management companies and global investment funds. The research question focuses on the motives and effects of such ownership structures on the strategic behavior of companies. Trends and market dynamics, sustainability and the impact of common ownership and, in particular, horizontal shareholdings on the economy and society were examined. The effects of horizontal shareholdings and common ownership were examined for various sectors along the value chain in the agricultural and food industry. The research results show that there are economic interests of large investment funds in the agri-food sector. The interest of institutional investors could lead to far-reaching consolidation and market power in the hands of a few large companies, with a variety of negative consequences for the economy and society, from rising prices and increasing inequality to anti-competitive practices