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Navigating challenges and opportunities in orphan medicines: A spotlight commentary on rare diseases
No full textChallenges and variability in breast cancer screening: diagnostic work-up and strategies for standardization across Europe
No full textGlial Cells in Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Speculations on Non-Cell-Autonomous Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications
No full textSpinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular disorder caused by homozygous deletions or mutations in the SMN1 gene, leading to progressive motor neuron degeneration. While SMA has been classically viewed as a motor neuron-autonomous disease, increasing evidence indicates a significant role of glial cells—astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, and Schwann cells—in the disease pathophysiology. Astrocytic dysfunction contributes to motor neuron vulnerability through impaired calcium homeostasis, disrupted synaptic integrity, and neurotrophic factor deficits. Microglia, through reactive gliosis and complement-mediated synaptic stripping, exacerbate neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. Oligodendrocytes exhibit impaired differentiation and metabolic support, while Schwann cells display abnormalities in myelination, extracellular matrix composition, and neuromuscular junction maintenance, further compromising motor function. Dysregulation of pathways such as NF-κB, Notch, and JAK/STAT, alongside the upregulation of complement proteins and microRNAs, reinforces the non-cell-autonomous nature of SMA. Despite the advances in SMN-restorative therapies, they do not fully mitigate glial dysfunction. Targeting glial pathology, including modulation of reactive astrogliosis, microglial polarization, and myelination deficits, represents a critical avenue for therapeutic intervention. This review comprehensively examines the multifaceted roles of glial cells in SMA and highlights emerging glia-targeted strategies to enhance treatment efficacy and improve patient outcomes
Managing stakeholders in a socially responsible business model
No full textPredmet istraživanja ovog rada odnosi se na upravljanje dionicima u kontekstu društveno
odgovornog poslovanja. Društveno odgovorno poslovanje nije samo model za ispravljanje
društvenih učinaka na poslovnu organizaciju, već trajni način poslovanja koji treba biti prisutan
tijekom cijelog poslovnog ciklusa. Učinkovito upravljanje dionicima osigurava transparentnu
komunikaciju, koja jača međusobno povjerenje, potiče suradnju i oblikuje pozitivnu radnu
kulturu. Redovita i transparentna komunikacija s dionicima gradi povjerenje, potiče suradnju i
stvara pozitivnu organizacijsku kulturu. Održavanjem dionika informiranima i uključenima,
menadžeri mogu ojačati odnose i povećati zadovoljstvo dionika. Prilagodba promjenjivim
zahtjevima još je jedna ključna prednost upravljanja dionicima. Učinkovito upravljanje
dionicima potiče otvorenu komunikaciju, izgradnju odnosa i stvaranje pozitivne organizacijske
kulture. U ovom je radu provedeno anketno istraživanje (N=89) na temu modela društveno
odgovornog poslovanja, koje je realizirano u travnju 2024. godine. Cilj istraživanja bio je
prikazati značaj upravljanja dionicima u kontekstu društveno odgovornog poslovanja. Svrha
rada je također približiti važnost upravljanja dionicima u procesu stvaranja održive dodane
vrijednosti. Analizirani rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da značajan broj ispitanika smatra kako
su njihova poduzeća društveno odgovorna i posvećena održivom razvoju. Najveće ocjene
dodijeljene su etičkim i transparentnim praksama u poslovanju poduzeća. Što se tiče zaštite
okoliša, najveća pažnja posvećuje se racionalnom korištenju energije (41,57%), dok je najmanje
pažnje posvećeno očuvanju prirodnih vrijednosti (5,62%). Jedan od ključnih rezultata
istraživanja jest da ispitanici smatraju kako proces usvajanja društveno odgovornog poslovanja
zahtijeva promjene na različitim razinama te da su dionici ključni za održivost poslovanja
Modeliranje odnosa stukture i mehaničkih značajki metodom konačnih elemenata i strojnim učenjem : doktorski rad
No full textIn the present study, the structure-property relationships (SPR) are investigated using finite element analysis (FEA) and machine learning (ML) methods. The objective of the research was to
create an ML model capable of predicting the temperature-dependent stress-strain response of
two-phase composites, as well as the amount of heat generated during plastic deformation considering different Taylor-Quinney coefficients (TQCs). The ML model aims to achieve industrially acceptable prediction accuracy and significantly better computational efficiency compared
to FEA.
Microstructure generation and FEA were used to create the datasets for the ML model, and
both processes were automated using the Python programming language. FEA was performed
for each representative volume element (RVE) to obtain the stress-strain response as well as the
temperature increase-strain curve. This means that two separate datasets and two separate ML
models were created: one for the stress-strain responses and one for the temperature increasestrain responses.
Both ML models were developed in the form of complex 3D-convolutional neural networks
(CNNs), taking the microstructural configuration as input. Other input parameters included the
TQC value and temperature for the first and second ML models, respectively. The outputs of
the CNNs were the temperature increase-strain curves and the stress-strain curves at specific
temperatures for the first and second model, respectively.
Compared to FEA, both the model for predicting temperature-dependent stress-strain curves
and the model for predicting plastic deformation-induced heat generation demonstrated very
good prediction accuracy suitable for industrial applications. Additionally, both models exhibited significantly faster prediction capabilities and better computational efficiency than FEA.U ovoj studiji, odnos između strukture i svojstva (SPR) istraženi su korištenjem metode konačnih elemenata (MKE) i strojnog učenja (SU). Cilj istraživanja bio je napraviti SU model koji
može predvidjeti temperaturno ovisnu vezu naprezanja i deformacije dvofaznih kompozita, kao i
količinu topline koja se stvara tijekom plastične deformacije uzimajući u obzir različite TaylorQuinneyjeve koeficijente (TQK). SU model bi trebao postići industrijski prihvatljivu točnost
predviđanja i značajno bolju računsku učinkovitost u usporedbi s MKE.
Generiranje mikrostrukture i MKE korišteni su za izradu skupova podataka za SU model i
oboje su automatizirani pomoću programskog jezika Python. Svaki reprezentativni volumenski
element (RVE) je proračunat pomoću MKE kako bi se dobila krivulja naprezanje-deformacija
kao i krivulja povećanje temperature-deformacija. To znači da su stvorena dva različita skupa
podataka kao i dva različita SU modela, jedan za krivulje naprezanje-deformacija i drugi za
porast temperature-deformacija.
Oba SU modela kreirana su u obliku složene 3D-konvolucijske neuronske mreže (KNM)
i mikrostrukturna konfiguracija je ulaz oba SU modela. Ostali ulazni parametri bili su vrijednost TQK za prvi i temperatura za drugi SU model. Rezultati KNM-a bili su krivulja porast
temperature-deformacija za prvi te krivulje naprezanja-deformacije na specifičnim temperaturama za drugi model.
U usporedbi s MKE, i model za predviđanje temperaturno-ovisnih krivulja naprezanje-deformacija
te model za predviđanje krivulja povećanja temperature-deformacija pokazali su vrlo dobru
točnost predviđanja prikladnu za industrijske primjene. Osim toga, oba modela su pokazala
znatno brže mogućnosti predviđanja i bolju računalnu učinkovitost u odnosu na MKE
Depth Perception and Intraocular Differences in Visual Acuities Among Older Spectacle Wearers
No full textBackground: Falls impose a heavy financial burden on society, and the incidence is age-related. The correction of refractive errors has been mooted as a valuable procedure to prevent falls. However, depth perception, estimated by stereo acuity tests, is reduced in the older population and has been cited as contributing to the higher incidence of falls in the elderly. Objective: To explore the clinical relationship between age, interocular differences in the corrected distance and near logMAR visual acuities, refractive errors, axial (eyeball) lengths, pupil sizes, and higher-order ocular aberrations (HOAs) on clinical measures of stereoacuity and aniseikonia in asymptomatic presbyopic habitual spectacle wearers. Methods: Total amount of 91 subjects underwent clinical assessment of i) subjective refractive error, ii) stereoacuity at 6m and 40cm (Randot Stereotests), iii) aniseikonia at 6m (Awaya test along vertical and horizontal meridian) iv) higher order aberrations (Hartman-Shack aberrometer) v) eyeball length and pupil size (IOL master 700). The Pythagorean theorem was applied to each pair of aniseikonia values to calculate the resultant aniseikonia (AR). Results: Mean (±sd,95%CI) age of the subjects was 56.2years (±8.10,54.6-57.9). Root mean square (RMS) interocular differences (±sd,95%CI) in spherical refractive errors, axial lengths and pupil sizes were 0.66D(±0.93,0.47-0.85), 0.24mm (±0.33,0.17-0.31), 0.15mm (±0.11,0.12-0.17). The median (mode, interquartile range) values for AR were 2.8(1.0,1.3-4.0). Significant correlations (
Digitalna zrelost zdravstvenih djelatnika
No full textDigitalna zrelost je sposobnost primjene znanja i vještina kod uporabe novih digitalnih tehnologija. Digitalna zrelost zdravstvenih djelatnika doprinosi modernizaciji i unaprjeđenju zdravstvenih sustava, a obuhvaća računalne vještine i znanja, pozitivan stav prema digitalnim tehnologijama te poznavanje koncepata poput sigurnosti podataka i etičkih aspekata
digitalizacije. U vremenu ubrzanog razvoja tehnologije, digitalna zrelost zdravstvenih djelatnika bitno utječe na kvalitetu zdravstvene skrbi i pristupa informacijama te učinkovitost zdravstvenog sustava.
Cilj istraživanja bio je analizirati zadovoljstvo zdravstvenih djelatnika vlastitim digitalnim kompetencijama i digitalizacijom u radnom okruženju s obzirom na pripadnost generacijskoj skupini Z, Y ili X.
U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 125 izvanrednih studenata Fakulteta zdravstvenih studija Sveučilišta u Rijeci. Za potrebe istraživanja izrađen je upitnik Procjena digitalne zrelosti zdravstvenih djelatnika.
Zadovoljstvo ispitanika vlastitim digitalnim kompetencijama, kao i zadovoljstvo digitalizacijom u radnom okruženju, umjereno je, bez obzira na pripadnost generacijskoj skupini Z, Y ili X.
Između zadovoljstva digitalizacijom u radnom okruženju i zadovoljstva vlastitim digitalnim kompetencijama nađena je umjerena pozitivna povezanost.
Rezultati mogu biti korisni u planiranju kolegija kod kojih su u nastavni proces implementirane informacijsko-komunikacijske tehnologije i edukacija zdravstvenih djelatnika u zdravstvenim ustanovama. Uz manje prilagodbe upitnika slično se istraživanje može provesti i s ispitanicima čija profesija nije zdravstvena
Intangible cultural heritage in sustainable development of tourism
No full textŠirok utjecaj turizma i turističkih kretanja ističe važnost i posebnu važnost potrebe za upravljanjem rastom i razvojem, osobito u kontekstu održivog razvoja. Turizam već duže stavlja naglasak na autohtone, jedinstvene destinacije bogate sadržajem stvarajući specifične oblike turizma kao što je kulturni turizam. Nematerijalna kulturna baština predstavlja kulturni resurs koji se može integrirati u turističke aktivnosti na više načina te doprinijeti održivom razvoju turizma. Istraživački ciljevi usmjereni su ponajprije na definiranje i razumijevanje održivog razvoja turizma, kulturnog turizma i kulturnih turista te nematerijalne kulturne baštine kao dijela kulture, ali i dijela turističke ponude. U teorijskom dijelu rada analizira se održivi razvoj s osvrtom na prekretnice koje su oblikovale današnje shvaćanje održivog razvoja turizma. Raspravlja se o problemima definiranja i kategoriziranja kulturnog turizma i donose se specifičnosti koje određuju kulturne turiste i kulturne proizvode. Središte ovoga rada čini nematerijalna kulturna baština, u kojim se oblicima pojavljuje i na koji se način osigurava njezino očuvanje. Turistička valorizacija nematerijalne kulturne baštine u osnovi predstavlja pretvorbu kulturnog resursa u turistički resurs. Posljedice utječu na sam turizam i turiste tako što ona nije samo atrakcija za posjetitelje nego i ključni element u oblikovanju autentičnih turističkih iskustava. Uz niz pozitivnih učinaka, lokalna se zajednica može susresti i s negativnim posljedicama povećane turističke posjećenosti. Oprez i planiranje nužni su kako nematerijalna kulturna baština kao dio turističke ponude ne bi izgubila svoju svrhu i važnost za lokalnu zajednicu ili autentičnost. Integracija nematerijalne kulturne baštine u turističke projekte obogaćuje turističko iskustvo, potiče kulturnu razmjenu i podupire dobrobit zajednice. Ciljevi empirijskog dijela ovog rada usmjereni su na istraživanje utjecaja turističke valorizacije nematerijalne kulturne baštine na održivi razvoj turizma, posebno smanjenjem sezonalnosti i povećanjem turističke potrošnje. Ključni aspekti uključuju produljenje boravka turista u destinaciji, privlačenje dolazaka izvan glavne sezone te stvaranje atraktivne ponude koja omogućuje kontinuirano zanimanje turista tijekom cijele godine. Nematerijalna kulturna baština, kao jedinstven i neponovljiv resurs, ima značajnu ulogu u oblikovanju turističkih proizvoda koji zadovoljavaju suvremene turističke potrebe. Pozitivni ekonomski učinci turističke valorizacije nematerijalne kulturne baštine ogledaju se u povećanoj potrošnji turista, rastu prihoda lokalnog stanovništva i jačanju lokalnih gospodarstava. Istodobno, nositelji baštine dobivaju priliku za očuvanje i revitalizaciju svojih tradicija dok sinergija kulturnog turizma i očuvanja baštine doprinosi uravnoteženom razvoju zajednica i destinacija. Takav pristup ne samo da pridonosi održivosti turizma već i jača društvenu koheziju te potiče širu svijest o važnosti očuvanja kulturne baštine kao temelja identiteta i turističke atraktivnosti.The broad impact of tourism highlights the importance and special significance of the need for management, particularly in the context of sustainable development. Tourism has long emphasized indigenous, unique destinations rich in content, creating specific forms of tourism such as cultural tourism. Intangible cultural heritage represents a cultural resource that can be integrated into tourist activities in various ways and contribute to the sustainable development of tourism. To gain a deeper understanding of the research problem and ease the research process the research questions are identified for both the conceptual and for the empirical part of this dissertation. Each research question represents a research goal, or part of it. In the conceptual part of the dissertation the research goals, with accompanying research questions include the following:
Research question
What is sustainable tourism development?
Research goal
What are the "rules" of tourism development if it is to be sustainable? Who is involved in the process of tourism development when it is sustainable? Define sustainable tourism development, the fundamental guidelines and principles of sustainable tourism development, and the relevant stakeholders
Research question
How can sustainable tourism development be measured?
Research goal
Display indicators of sustainability in tourism What are the characteristics of sustainable development of cultural tourism?
Research question
What are the specific aspects of sustainability for tangible and intangible cultural heritage?
Research goal
Define sustainable development of cultural tourism and the specifics of sustainability in tangible and intangible cultural heritage
Research question
What is cultural tourism? Are there any differences within cultural tourism? Who are the participants of cultural tourism? Are there any differences among them? What makes them special or different from other tourists? What is the subject of consumption in cultural tourism? What are the unique features of a cultural product in tourism?
Research goal
Define cultural tourism, cultural tourists and cultural tourism product and distinguish between the motives and types within cultural tourism.
Research question
What is intangible cultural heritage? What are the main differences between tangible and intangible cultural heritage?
Research goal
Define intangible cultural heritage and its specific characteristics in comparison to tangible cultural heritage.
Research question
Who participates in the preservation of intangible cultural heritage? How do they do it? Are there regulations and standards that protect intangible cultural heritage, and who is responsible for them?
Research goal
Define the organizations involved in the preservation of intangible cultural heritage.
Research question
What is the relationship between intangible cultural heritage and (cultural) tourism? How can intangible cultural heritage be incorporated into tourism?
Research goal
Show the connection between intangible cultural heritage and cultural tourism and explain the tourist valorization of intangible cultural heritage
Research question
What are all the possible consequences of incorporating intangible cultural heritage into tourism on cultural tourism and tourists, on the local population and on the intangible cultural heritage itself?
Research goal
Show the impact of the tourist valorization of intangible cultural heritage on tourism and tourists, on the local community and on the intangible cultural heritage itself
Research question
Are there any specific aspects to pay attention to when incorporating intangible cultural heritage into tourism?
Research goal
Analyse the critical areas of sustainability for tourist-valorised intangible cultural heritage.
This dissertation has six main chapters, five of them are focused on theoretical research of the main topics and the last one is representing the empirical research of impact of intangible culture heritage on sustainable tourism development. The first theoretical chapter analyses sustainable development with a focus on milestones that have shaped the current understanding of sustainable tourism development. This chapter discusses stakeholders involved, indicators and their purpose with emphasis on sustainable cultural tourism development and the particularities regarding intangible cultural heritage. Next chapter discusses the problems of defining and categorizing cultural tourism while showing the different approaches. Further, it thoroughly presents specifics that determine cultural tourists and cultural products. There are several views of cultural tourist’s typology, each of them having a different foundation at its core. Depending on the view, the main determining factors could be motivation, intention, depth of experience and of course, a combination of them. The third theoretical chapter is defining cultural heritage and explaining the difference between tangible and intangible cultural goods. Intangible cultural heritage is the central focus when explaining the various forms and its relevance to the local communities, nations, and mankind as a whole. The preservation of the intangible cultural heritage is a focal point of protection cultural heritage and cultural identities of local communities. There are many national and international institutions taking part in safeguarding intangible cultural heritage. Their main work and achievements are presented. The final theoretical chapter explores the tourist valorization of intangible cultural heritage. What it essentially involves, is the transformation of a cultural resource into a tourist one. These actions are putting the intangible cultural good in the tourist market for consumption. The impacts of this are wide and not only are they affecting tourism, tourists and local communities, but the intangible cultural heritage as well. Consequences on tourism and tourists are mostly positive in a way that intangible cultural tourist product is not only an attraction for visitors, but also a key element in shaping authentic tourist experiences. Impact on the local community, while providing a range of positive effects, may also show some negative consequences of increased tourist visitation. Some of the main negative effects are displacement of long-time residents due to rising property prices and rents, loss of community identity and cultural heritage due to erosion of cultural norms and values, reduced affordability of local businesses and services, leading to the displacement of small businesses and threat of relocation away from ancestral land. Finally, the intangible cultural heritage is tempted to adjust itself in order to accommodate tourist demand and appear more presentable. Caution and careful planning are essential to ensure that intangible cultural heritage as part of the tourist offer does not lose its purpose and significance for the local community or its authenticity. The integration of intangible cultural heritage into tourist projects enriches the tourist experience, fosters cultural exchange, and supports community well-being. The second part of this dissertation is the empirical part, and it is focused on exploring the specific implication of tourist valorization of intangible cultural heritage on sustainable tourism development. The research questions are transformed to research goals and four main hypotheses are formed. One of the goals was to determine the differences between two researchs, one in 2016. and the other one in 2022.
• H1: There is a statistically significant difference between tourists whose primary motivation for visiting a destination is culture and those with other motivations regarding their socio-demographic variables.
• H2: There is a statistically significant difference in the proportion of tourists whose primary motivation for visiting the destination is culture between 2016 and 2022.
• H3: There is a statistically significant difference between tourists who participated in or learned about the intangible cultural heritage of the destination and those who did not regarding their socio-demographic variables.
• H4: The tourism valorization of intangible cultural heritage has a positive impact on extending tourists' length of stay at the destination.
• H5: The tourism valorization of intangible cultural heritage positively influences the intention to visit the destination outside the main season.
• H6: The tourism valorization of intangible cultural heritage is associated with higher levels of tourist expenditure. The research method used was a structured survey questionnaire. The target segment, or sample, consisted of tourists in the destinations. The research was conducted in two time segments. The first survey was conducted in 2016, and the second survey was conducted in 2022. A total of 1,168 questionnaires went for further processing, with 572 from the first survey and 596 from the second survey. Both surveys were conducted during the peak season in various destinations in Croatia and the Czech Republic. In Croatia, the research was conducted on the island of Pag, in Šibenik, Varaždin, and Slavonia, specifically in Vinkovci. In the Czech Republic, the research was conducted in Prague. In each destination, the survey questionnaire highlighted the intangible cultural heritage associated with or originating from the destination. The research was conducted using the "face-to-face" method with interviewers. The survey questionnaire was available in several languages: Croatian, English, German, Italian, French, Spanish, and Russian. Intangible cultural heritage, as a distinct and valuable tourism resource, plays a crucial role in mitigating seasonality by addressing two critical dimensions: extending the duration of tourists' stays within the destination and attracting visitors during off-peak periods. Empirical findings from the study demonstrate that the valorization of intangible cultural heritage in tourism significantly contributes to elevated levels of tourist expenditure. Furthermore, the research delineates notable sociodemographic distinctions between cultural tourists and those engaging in activities specifically centered on intangible cultural heritage. The comparative analysis of survey data from 2016 and 2022 revealed no statistically significant differences, thereby underscoring the robustness and consistency of findings related to participants’ motivations, behavioral patterns, and expressed intentions. The economic consequences of tourist-valorised intangible cultural heritage are positive for local communities, but also for the bearers of intangible cultural heritage. The synergy between cultural tourism and the preservation of intangible cultural heritage contributes to the sustainable development of communities and tourist destinations. Furthermore, the conclusions drawn can be applied at a practical level to initiate dialogue between the tourist and cultural sectors, fostering a shared holistic approach to preserving intangible cultural heritage and promoting sustainable tourism development. Considering that sustainable tourism development is the only viable path for long-term progress, it is understandable that there are multiple ways to achieve it. This study has demonstrated the significant role of intangible cultural heritage in sustainable tourism development
CALCULATION OF NOISE OF A 4TH ORDER PP FILTER WITH FEEDBACK
No full textU radu je realiziran Butterworthov PP filtar 4. reda u kaskadnoj strukturi i strukturi s povratnom vezom s dva operacijska pojačala. Matematički proračun odrađen je preko MATLab programa u kojem su izračunate vrijednosti parametara i elemenata filtra te su prikazane frekvencijske i vremenske karakteristike. Simulacija filtra izvršena je u programu LTSpice gdje su potvrđene dobivene karakteristike iz MATLab programa. Nakon toga, zadani filtar je spojen na ispitnu pločicu s realnim vrijednostima elemenata u laboratoriju te su preko mrežnog analizatora provjerene frekvencijske karakteristike. Dobiveno je vrlo dobro poklapanje izmjerenih karakteristika s prethodno dobivenim karakteristikama. Za kraj je izrađena tiskana pločica u programu KiCad.In this work, a 4th-order Butterworth low-pass filter was implemented in a cascaded structure and a feedback structure with two operational amplifiers. The mathematical calculations were carried out using the MATLAB program, where the filter parameters and filter element values were determined and the frequency and time characteristics were presented. The filter simulation was performed in the LTSpice program, where the obtained characteristics from the MATLAB program were confirmed. After that, the designed filter was connected to a test board with real component values in the laboratory and the frequency characteristics were verified using a network analyzer. A very good match was obtained between the measured characteristics and the previously obtained characteristics. Finally, a printed circuit board was designed in the KiCad program
The analysis of the impact of connecting a solar power plant for self-supply to the distribution electrical grid
No full textOvaj diplomski rad daje sveobuhvatan pregled utjecaja sunčane elektrane SE SILMA na distribucijsku elektroenergetsku mrežu, planiranu za izgradnju na krovovima građevine. Cilj je bio analizirati tehničke karakteristike elektrane, uvjete u distribucijskoj mreži, utjecaj na strujno-naponske okolnosti i tehničke gubitke, kao i druge relevantne aspekte za njenu integraciju u elektroenergetski sustav.
Prikazani su proračuni utjecaja elektrane na napone i tehničke gubitke pri maksimalnom i minimalnom opterećenju mreže, koji pokazuju minimalan utjecaj elektrane na ove parametre.
Također je provedena analiza utjecaja na struje kratkog spoja i prijelazne procese prilikom uključenja i isključenja elektrane, kao i na kompenzaciju jalove snage.
Analiza kvalitete mrežnog napona uključuje procjenu doprinosa elektrane treperenju napona i emisiji harmonika. Završna mjerenja kvalitete napona bit će provedena nakon puštanja elektrane u pogon, u skladu s normom HRN EN 50160.
Ovaj diplomski rad pruža cjelovitu analizu utjecaja SE SILMA na distribucijsku mrežu, dajući osnovu za donošenje ključnih odluka u procesu integracije elektrane u elektroenergetski sustav.This thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of the PV SILMA solar power plant on the distribution power grid, planned for installation on building rooftops. The aim is to analyze the technical characteristics of the power plant, conditions in the distribution grid, impacts on voltage-current circumstances, technical losses, and other relevant aspects for its integration into the power system.
Calculations are presented to assess the impact of the plant on voltage levels and technical losses at maximum and minimum grid loads, showing minimal influence on these parameters. Additionally, an analysis of the impact on short-circuit currents, transient processes during plant
connection and disconnection, and reactive power compensation was conducted.
The analysis of grid voltage quality includes an evaluation of the plant's contribution to voltage flicker and harmonic emissions. Final voltage quality measurements will be conducted after commissioning, in accordance with the HRN EN 50160 standard.
This thesis provides a complete analysis of PV SILMA’s impact on the distribution grid, serving as a basis for making key decisions in the process of integrating the plant into the power system