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Communication of IoT Devices via LoRaWAN Implemented Using Chirpstack Software
No full textOvaj rad obrađuje temu komunikacije IoT uređaja koristeći LoRaWAN mrežu ostvarenu pomoću ChirpStack softvera. Prije same fizičke implementacije, proučene su karakteristike, uporaba i funkcioniranje LoRaWAN mreže, kako bi se razumjela njezina primjena i prednosti u IoT okruženju, uključujući veće domete, nisku potrošnju energije te mogućnost povezivanja velikog broja uređaja putem jednog pristupnika. U radu su korištene sljedeće komponente za implementaciju LoRaWAN mreže: Raspberry Pi s RAK2287 koncentratorom za LoRaWAN pristupnik te Arduino Nano ESP32 s RAK811 primopredajnikom i DHT11 senzorom za prikupljanje podataka o temperaturi i vlažnosti. Za vizualizaciju prikupljenih podataka korištena je ThingsBoard platforma, koja omogućava praćenje i analizu podataka u stvarnom vremenu. Cilj rada je bio pokazati kako LoRaWAN tehnologija omogućava dugoročno i energetski učinkovito povezivanje IoT uređaja, a također je dokazano kako ChirpStack softver omogućava jednostavno postavljanje i upravljanje LoRaWAN mrežom.This paperwork focuses on the communication of IoT devices through a LoRaWAN network set up with ChirpStack software. Before implementing the LoRaWAN network, the study focused on its characteristics, usage, and functioning to understand its application and advantages in the IoT environment, including long-range communication, low energy consumption, and the ability to connect a large number of devices through a single gateway. The setup consists of a Raspberry Pi paired with a RAK2287 concentrator to serve as the LoRaWAN gateway, an Arduino Nano ESP32 equipped with a RAK811 transceiver, and a DHT11 sensor to gather temperature and humidity information. ThingsBoard platform was used for data visualization, enabling real-time monitoring and analysis of the collected data. The purpose of the paperwork is to demonstrate how LoRaWAN technology enables long-range and energy-efficient communication between IoT devices, while also showing how ChirpStack software provides easy setup and management of the LoRaWAN network
Profiling Students by Perceived Immersion: Insights from VR Engine Room Simulator Trials in Maritime Higher Education
No full textResearch on students’ immersive experiences with fully immersive virtual reality (VR) technologies is extensively documented across diverse educational settings; however, in maritime higher education, it remains relatively underrepresented. Therefore, by using segmentation analysis, this study aims to profile maritime engineering students at the Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Rijeka, by perceived immersion (PIMM) within a Head-Mounted Display (HMD) VR engine room simulator and to explore differences in their perceived learning benefits (PLBs), future behavioural intentions (FBI), and satisfaction (SAT) with the HMD-VR experience. The sample comprised 84 participants who engaged in preliminary HMD-VR engine room simulator trials. A non-hierarchical (K-mean) cluster analysis, combined with the Elbow method, identified two distinct and homogeneous groups: Immersionists and Conformists. The results of an independent sample t-test indicated that Immersionists exhibited significantly higher scores regarding perceived learning benefits, future behavioural intentions, and overall satisfaction than Conformists. The study results underscore the significance of understanding students’ subjective perception of immersion in the implementation and further development of fully immersive VR technologies within maritime education and training (MET) curricula. However, as the study is based on a specific case within a particular educational context, the result may not directly apply to the broader student population
Effect of functional jaw orthopedics in class II malocclusion on palatal morphology, airways, skeletal characteristics, and oral function
No full textDataset of the research Effect of functional jaw orthopedics in class II malocclusion on palatal morphology, airways, skeletal characteristics, and oral functionIn a single-center, two-arm parallel-group randomized controlled trial, 120 participants were recruited at the University Dental Clinic in Rijeka, Croatia. The inclusion criteria were: Class II division 1 malocclusion, distal molar occlusion, OJ ≥ 5 mm, age 11-14 years, and cervical vertebral maturation stages either just before or during pubertal growth acceleration (CS2–4). Additional criteria included the absence of chronic diseases or conditions, and Croatian as the participants' native language. Increased facial height and intellectual disability were exclusion criteria. Participants were randomly assigned to either the Sander bite jumping appliance (BJA) or the Twin Block appliance (TB) in a 1:1 ratio. The randomization plan was based on 15 blocks, each containing 8 subjects (appliance-sex combination).Each patient was monitored for a period of 1 year.
The Child Perception Questionnaire, the Parental/Caregiver Perception Questionnaire and the Family Impact Scale were self-administered before and after treatment. A Likert-type scale was used for responses ranging from 0=never at all to 4=every day or almost every day. Global ratings of the child's oral health and the impact of the oral/oro-facial condition on their overall well-being were assessed separately by children and their parent before and after treatment by one question with a scale ranging from 0=excellent to 4=poor for oral health, and from 0 = not at all to 3 = very much for the impact on well-being. In addition, children and parents were separately asked to assess whether the child needs orthodontic treatment and whether there is a child’s treatment demand, using a 5-point response scale from 0 = not at all to 4 = very much. After the completion of treatment, they were also asked if they thought additional treatment was needed and if they would be interested in it.
Controls for the treated patients were chosen from growth studies in the American Association of Orthodontics Legacy Collection (Bolton-Brush, Oregon, Forsythe, and Michigan), matched by skeletal maturity, skeletal class, and sex. Cephalograms were analyzed and included variables related to the dimensions of maxilla and mandible, sagittal retaltions, facial growth pattern, position of incisors, dimensions of upper airways and facial soft tissue profile. Palatal volume, palatal surface area, and projection area were measured using maxillary scans
Associations Between Parental Alexithymia and Family Dynamics in Autism Spectrum Disorder
No full textBackground/Objectives: Alexithymia is a condition marked by difficulties in identifying and expressing emotions, rooted in both physiological and behavioral mechanisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parental alexithymia and family functioning in families of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) compared to families of typically developing children (TD). Methods: The study sample included parents of children with ASD (n = 120) and a control group of parents of typically developing children (n = 120). A comprehensive set of self-report instruments was used to evaluate alexithymia levels, parental stress, family experience, resilience, cognitive emotion regulation, social support, and family flexibility and cohesion. Results: The analysis revealed that parental alexithymia in families of children with ASD was directly associated with lower levels of family flexibility and cohesion, independent of increased stress or reduced family resilience. Furthermore, the findings indicate that alexithymia in parents is directly linked to reduced family cohesion in ASD families. Conclusions: These results highlight the significant role of parental alexithymia in shaping family dynamics and underscore the necessity for targeted interventions that emphasize emotional skill-building, adaptive coping mechanisms, and resilience to stressful events. This research enhances the understanding of parental alexithymia’s effect on family functioning in the context of ASD
Repetitive Mild but Not Single Moderate Brain Trauma Is Associated with TAR DNA-Binding Protein 43 Mislocalization and Glial Activation in the Mouse Spinal Cord
No full textBackground/Objectives: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) occurs after a sudden mechanical force to the skull and represents a significant public health problem. Initial brain trauma triggers secondary pathophysiological processes that induce structural and functional impairment of the central nervous system, even in the regions distant to the lesion site. Later in life, these changes can be manifested as neurodegenerative sequalae that commonly involve proteinopathies, such as transactive DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43). The progression of pathophysiological changes to the spinal cord motor neurons has been detected after repetitive TBI, while such changes have been less investigated after single TBI. Methods: Single TBI was applied over the left parietal cortex of mice by using the lateral fluid percussion injury apparatus and a separate cohort of animals received repetitive mild TBI by weight drop apparatus, with two mild injuries daily, for five days in a row. Mice were sacrificed 14 days after single moderate or last mild TBI and their spinal cords were prepared for the analyses. For both types of injury, sham-injured mice were used as a control group. Results: Here, we found an early formation of toxic phosphorylated TDP-43 species on the 3rdday post-injury which, together with TDP-43 cytoplasmic translocation, remained present in the subacute period of 14 days after repetitive mild but not single moderate TBI. During the subacute period following a repetitive brain trauma, we found an increased choline acetyltransferase protein expression and significant microgliosis in the cervical part of the spinal cord, which was not detected after single TBI. Astrogliosis presented similarly after both experimental procedures. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the differences in the spinal cord TDP-43 pathology and inflammation, depending on the brain trauma type, and may contribute to the development of targeted therapeutic strategies
Is There a Role for Daratumumab Retreatment in Patients with Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma?
No full textMultiple myeloma (MM) is a hematologic disease characterized by the clonal expansion of malignant plasma cells that accumulate in the bone marrow, leading to osteolytic bone disease, hypercalcemia, anemia, and renal dysfunction. Daratumumab was the first monoclonal anti-CD38 antibody approved for the treatment of MM, initially in relapse/refractory settings and, more recently, for newly diagnosed patients. Increased first-line usage of daratumumab will also substantially change treatment approaches for patients with relapsed/refractory disease. Due to the cost and availability of bispecific T cell redirecting antibodies (BsAbs) and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (CAR-T) in real-life settings in many countries, retreatment with daratumumab in subsequent lines of therapy might be a reasonable choice. Data regarding efficacy and optimal combinations of daratumumab retreatment are lacking, and here we provide a short literature review of available data. We identified only a small number of articles based on retrospective analysis of medical records in real-life settings. A strong consistency in results regarding response rates and treatment duration was noticed among mainly heavily pre-treated MM patients, with approximately half of patients achieving at least partial remission (PR) after retreatment with daratumumab-based protocol. The duration of treatment and time to the next treatment for retreatment episodes were considerable and consistent with clinical expectations for later lines of therapy. The analysis of data in this literature review indicates that daratumumab retreatment may provide meaningful clinical benefit to some patients with relapsed/refractory MM despite having prior exposure. However, further research is needed to identify clinical and biological parameters that may predict favorable responses to daratumumab retreatment
Predictive and prognostic role of immune system cells, PD-1, PDL-1 and heat shock proteins in patients with triple negative, HER-2 positive and neoadjuvant treated breast cancer: istraživački podaci
No full textIstraživanje je osmišljeno kao retrospektivna opservacijska analitička studija tri različite ispitivane skupine. Prvu skupinu će činiti bolesnice s trostruko negativnim, a drugu skupinu s HER-2 pozitivnim karcinomom dojke, operirane na Zavodu za opću i onkološku kirurgiju KBC-a Rijeka i Odjelu za opću i abdominalnu kirurgiju OB Pula u vremenskom razdoblju od 2008. do 2016. godine. U trećoj skupini bi bile bolesnice s lokalno uznapredovalim rakom dojke koje su na Klinici za radioterapiju i onkologiju KBC-a Rijeka liječene neoadjuvantnom kemoterapijom i bioterapijom te operirane na Zavodu za opću i onkološku kirurgiju KBC-a Rijeka u periodu 2016.-2020.
Cilj istraživanja prve i druge skupine je izvršiti imunohistokemijsku karakterizaciju tumorskog upalnog infiltrata u trostruko negativnom i HER-2 pozitivnom karcinomu dojke, kao i odrediti prisutnost PD-1/PDL-1 i heat shock proteina u imunološkim i tumorskim stanicama. Namjera je analizirati odnos CD8, CD4, CD20, FOXP3, CD56 pozitivnih stanica, s tumorom povezanih makrofaga, te ekspresije PD-1/PDL-1 i heat shock proteina prema prognostičkim čimbenicima, prije svega pT, pN, pTNM i histološkom gradusu. Uslijediti će analiza međuodnosa upalnih stanica i ekspresije navedenih proteina, odnosno utvrđivanje njihovog potencijalnog prognostičkog značaja.
Cilj istraživanja treće skupine je utvrditi mogući prediktivni značaj kliničkih, histoloških i imunohistokemijskih karakteristika tumora, ekspresije PD-1/PDL-1 i heat shock proteina u imunološkim i tumorskim stanicama u odgovoru na neoadjuvantno liječenje uz imunohistokemijsku karakterizaciju limfocitnog upalnog infiltrata. Nadalje cilj je ispitati međuodnos upalnih stanica s patohistološkim osobinama tumora. Osim navedenog, za skupinu kod koje nije došlo do potpunog odgovora na neoadjuvantno liječenje, cilj je provesti imunohistokemijsku karakterizaciju imunološkog odgovora u materijalu nakon završenog neoadjuvantnog liječenja, odrediti prisutnost PD-1 i PDL-1 i heat shock proteina te usporediti s odgovorom na neoadjuvantno liječenje.Nakon što se pregledom informatičkih baza podataka, Vegasoft i IBIS, pronađu slučajevi prema uključnim kriterijima istraživanja, sirovi podaci se pohranjuju na odvojenu i zaštićenu lokaciju od lokacije radnih verzija istraživačkih podataka. Podaci će se obraditi i pripremiti za statističku analizu
Transfer znanja u Monty Hall problemu
No full textMonty Hall (MH) problem vrlo je popularna i snažna kognitivna iluzija koja zorno prikazuje koliko je ljudska sposobnost razumijevanja vjerojatnosti manjkava. Intuitivno rješenje ove dileme sugerira da je svejedno hoće li natjecatelj promijeniti odabir ili ostati pri inicijalnom odabiru zbog jednake vjerojatnosti za dobitak, međutim promjena odabira zapravo je racionalnija opcija s obzirom na to da je vjerojatnost dobitka u tom slučaju dvostruko veća. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati transfer znanja o strukturi MH problema te ispitati utječe li to znanje na procjenu sigurnosti ispitanika u svoj odgovor. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 252 ispitanika u rasponu dobi od 15 do 59 godina (M = 26.00, SD = 7.24). Istraživanje je provedeno on-line. Ispitanici su najprije riješili klasični MH zadatak te po jedan zadatak standardne i nestandardne verzije. Ispitanici su bili nasumično podijeljeni u četiri uvjeta koja su se međusobno razlikovala obzirom na vrstu upute ponuđene nakon klasične verzije zadatka - kontrolni uvjet, uvjet s objašnjenjem problema, uvjet sa sugestijom na razmišljanje o slično postavljenom problemu te uvjet s objašnjenjem problema i sugestijom na razmišljanje o sličnom problemu. Ispitanici u uvjetima s prezentiranim objašnjenjem bili su značajno uspješniji u rješavanju standardne verzije zadatka. Izostao je transfer znanja na nestandardnoj verziji zadatka tj. na dubljoj razini razumijevanja problema iako podaci sugeriraju da ispitanici detektiraju distinktivnost nestandardne verzije u odnosu na standardnu odlučujući se značajno više za ostanak pri odabiru na nestandardnoj verziji zadatka. Također, nije dobivena razlika u procjeni sigurnosti ispitanika u vlastiti odgovor na standardnoj i nestandardnoj verziji zadatka. Nije dobivena razlika ni u standardnoj ni u nestandardnoj verziji u procjeni sigurnosti obzirom na točnost odgovora. Značajna razlika u procjeni sigurnosti na standardnoj verziji zadatka s obzirom na točnost odgovora dobivena je isključivo u uvjetu s objašnjenjem problema. Ispitanici koji su dali točan odgovor bili su značajno sigurniji u svoj odgovor. Rezultati ovog istraživanja impliciraju da pojašnjenje problema rezultira boljim površnim shvaćanjem te boljom izvedbom na sličnim problemima. Isto tako, ovo istraživanje može biti smjernica za daljnja istraživanja implicirajući da je transfer znanja moguć i na dubljim razinama procesiranja.The Monty Hall (MH) problem is a well-known and powerful cognitive illusion that illustrates how flawed human understanding of probability can be. The intuitive solution to this dilemma suggests that it doesn't matter whether the contestant switches their choice or sticks with their initial selection, as the odds of winning appear to be equal. However, switching is actually the more rational option since the probability of winning is doubled in that case. The aim of this research was to examine the transfer of knowledge regarding the structure of the Monty Hall problem and whether that knowledge affects the participants' confidence in their answers. The study involved 252 participants aged between 15 and 59 years (M=26, SD=7.24). The research was conducted online. Firstly, participants solved the classic Monty Hall problem and then one task from the standard and non-standard versions each. Participants were randomly divided into four conditions that differed based on the type of instruction/explanation provided after the classic version of the task - a control condition, a condition with an explanation of the problem, a condition with a suggestion to think about a similarly posed problem, and a condition with an explanation of the problem and a suggestion to think about similar problem. Participants in the conditions with the presented explanation were significantly more successful in solving the standard version of the task. However, there was no transfer of knowledge observed in the non-standard version of the task, indicating a lack of deeper understanding of the problem, even though data suggest that participants recognized the distinctiveness of the non-standard version compared to the standard one, deciding significantly more to stay on the non-standard version. Additionally, no differences were found in participants' confidence in their answers between the standard and non-standard versions of the task. There was also no difference in confidence ratings regarding accuracy in either version. A significant difference in confidence ratings in the standard version based on answer accuracy was found only in the condition with an explanation. Participants who provided the correct answer were significantly more confident in their response. The results of this research imply that explaining the problem leads to a better superficial understanding and improved performance on similar problems. Furthermore, this study could serve as a guideline for further research, suggesting that knowledge transfer is possible even at deeper levels of processing
Myocardial deposition of aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, and lead accelerates heart failure and alters UPRmt in humans
No full textIn the myocardium of control subjects and patients undergoing heart transplantation or left ventricular assist device implantation (LVAD), we analyzed concentrations of Al, As, Cd, Pb, and Ni using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Myocardial generation of oxidative-stress-induced lipid peroxidation was analyzed by quantifying concentration of 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) with ELISA and pro-apoptotic DAPK2 gene expression was determined with quantitative RT-PCR. Compared to six control hearts, myocardial samples of 128 individuals undergoing heart transplantation or LVAD implantation exhibited a moderate increase in deposition of five tested non-essential elements, which was significantly increased only for Cd and cumulative deposition of Al, As, Cd, and Pb. Patients with higher cumulative deposition of Al, As, Cd, and Pb, underwent heart transplantation or LVAD implantation at a younger age than those with lower cumulative deposition, which was not observed in individual elements. Also, Al, As, and Ni exhibited a positive correlation with DAPK2 expression. Moreover, Al, As, Cd, and Ni showed positive correlations and Pb negative correlations with several mitochondrial quality control (MQC) genes. None of the elements showed correlation with 4-HNE generation in the myocardium. There was no difference in tested non-essential element deposition between dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathy. In conclusion, patients with higher cumulative deposition of Al, As, Cd, and Pb in the myocardium underwent heart transplantation or LVAD implantation at a younger age, indicating that they may accelerate heart failure, which is associated with induction of DAPK2 expression. Deposition of Al, As, Cd, Ni, and Pb also altered the expression of several MQC genes