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TREND ANALYSIS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MALE SWIMMERS IN BACKSTROKE DISCIPLINES IN CROATIA, EUROPE AND THE WORLD FROM 2010 TO 2019
No full textSport se općenito od samih svojih početaka razvija i napreduje u svim svojim pogledima. Tako i plivanje bilježi napredovanje, a što se može potvrditi promatrajući najprije rezultate od prvih službenih natjecanja pa sve do danas te promatrajući evoluciju svih tehnika plivanja. Leđna tehnika plivanja uz prsnu tehniku plivanja se smatra najstarijom tehnikom plivanja, a razvijala se od prvih zaveslaja rukama istovremeno pa do današnjih nekoliko načina koje plivači koriste kako bi plivali što brže.
Cilj ovog istraživanja je analiza trenda i utvrđivanje krivulje razvoja osam najboljih rezultata plivača od 2010. do 2019. godine u Hrvatskoj, Europi i svijetu u disciplinama 50m, 100m i 200m leđnom tehnikom te utvrđivanje razlike između Hrvatske, Europe i svijeta u svim disciplinama. Podaci su prikupljeni na službenim stranicama Međunarodne federacije sportova na vodi (FINA), Europske plivačke federacije (LEN), Hrvatskog plivačkog saveza (HPS) te internetskoj stranici Swimrankings, a obrađeni su metodom, algoritmom i programom za analizu trenda, programskim paketom Statistica 13.5. Polinomijalnom regresijskom analizom obrađen je trend razvoja najboljih rezultata u određenoj godini za svaku disciplinu. Za utvrđivanje razlike između osam najboljih rezultata svake plivačke sezone u Hrvatskoj, Europi i svijetu korištena je jednosmjerna analiza varijance (ANOVA) te t-test za nezavisne uzorke.
Nulta hipoteza nije potvrđena. Analiza trenda razvoja rezultata u disciplinama leđne tehnike (50m, 100m, 200m) u razdoblju od 2010. do 2019. godine pokazala je linearan porast rezultata u Hrvatskoj, Europi i svijetu. Razlike između najboljih osam rezultata u Hrvatskoj, Europi i svijetu su statistički značajne u svim disciplinama, a gledajući rezultate dobivene t-testom za nezavisne uzorke dolazimo do statističke značajnosti između Europe i svijeta, Europe i Hrvatske te svijeta i Hrvatske u svim disciplinama osim u disciplini 50m leđnom tehnikom gdje razlika između Europe i svijeta nije statistički značajna.Sport has generally developed and progressed in all its aspects from its very beginnings. Thus, swimming is progressing, which can be confirmed by observing first the results from the first official competitions until today and observing the evolution of all swimming techniques. Backstroke swimming technique with breaststroke swimming technique is considered to be the oldest swimming technique and it developed from the stroke with both arms at the same time to today’s several ways that swimmers use to swim as fast as possible.
The aim of this research is to analyze the trend to determine the development curve of the eight best results of swimmers from 2010 to 2019 in Croatia, Europe and the world in the disciplines of 50m, 100m and 200m backstroke and determine the difference between Croatia, Europe and the world in all disciplines. The data were collected on the official websites of the Fédération Internationale de natation (FINA), Ligue européenne de natation (LEN), the Croatian swimming federation (CSF) and the Swimmrankings website, and were processed using the method, algorithm and trend analysis program, Statistica 13.5. The polynomial regression analysis analyzed the trend of development the best results in a given year for each discipline. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-test for independent samples were used to determine the difference between the eight best results of each swimming season in Croatia, Europe and the world.
The null hypothesis is not confirmed. The analysis of the trend of development of results in disciplines of backstroke technique (50m. 100m. 200m) in the period from 2010 to 2019 showed a linear increase results in Croatia, Europe and the world. The differences between the top eight results in Croatia, Europe and the world are statistically significant in all disciplines, and looking at the results obtained by t-test for independent samples arrive at the statistical significance between Europe and the world, Europe and the Croatia and the world and Croatia in all disciplines except in discipline 50m backstroke where the difference between Europe and the world is not statistically significant
Physical exercise in prevention and alleviation of symptoms of lower extremity varicose veins
No full textProširene vene su česta venska bolest donjih ekstremiteta. Simptomi i posljedice koje ostavljaju iza sebe nisu zanemarivi, te utječu kako na zdravstveni, tako i na estetski segment čovjekova života. Češće se javljaju kod žena (25%-55%), dok je pojavnost kod muškaraca znatno manja (10%-30%). Venskom bolešću narušena je čovjekova radna sposobnost, što se može odraziti i na osiguravanje egzistencije. Također, uvelike utječe na kvalitetu življenja remeteći homeostatske mehanizme kojima se nastoji održati fizičko i psihičko zdravlje. Mehanizmi i determinante u razvoju varikoziteta vena nisu jasno definirani. Postoje brojni rizični faktori zbog kojih dolazi do poremećaja, a neki od njih su: dob, spol, genetska predispozicija, povećana tjelesna masa, utjecaj radnog mjesta i drugi. Simptomi koji se najčešće javljaju kao posljedica nastanka bolesti su: crvenilo, svrbež, bol, oticanje, pigmentacije kože. Nepravovremeno liječenje i zanemarivanje simptoma dovode do ozbiljnijih komplikacija poput: refluksa, ulkusa i tromboze dubokih vena. S obzirom na razvoj medicine, razvijaju se i dijagnostičke metode za rano i pravovremeno otkrivanje venske bolesti, kao i metode liječenja. Samo dijagnosticiranje nije osobito komplicirano, jer se već pri prvom pregledu vizualno može odrediti prisutnost i stupanj bolesti. Metode liječenja dijele se na konzervativne i operativne. Konzervativne metode koriste se kod blažih oblika varikoziteta, dok se za ozbiljnije oblike provode operativne metode. Tjelesno vježbanje neizostavan je segment prevencije bolesti, te uvelike doprinosi ublažavanju simptoma ove bolesti. U radu je prikazan program vježbi za prevenciju i ublažavanje simptoma varikoznih vena donjih ekstremiteta.Varicose veins are common venous disease of lower extremities. Consenquences of disease are significant, including both health and aesthetic part of human life. The prevalence of varicose veins is greater in women (25%-55%) than men (10%-30%). Venous disease directly affects work ability and disrupts homeostatic mechanisms of physical and psychological well-being and can thus significantly affect the quality of life. Mechanisms and determinants in the development of varicose veins are not clearly defined. There are many risk factors: age, sex, genetic predisposition, overweight, workplace influence, etc. Symptoms related to varicose veins include redness, itching, pain, swelling, skin pigmentation. Neglecting symptoms and postponing treatment can lead to serious complications: reflux, ulcer or deep vein thrombosis. Advancement in medicine provides new diagnostic methods; therefore it is possible to recognize vein diseases at an early stage. Even visual examination can determine the presence and stage of varicose veins. Treatment includes conservative and surgical methods. Conservative methods are applied in earlier phases of disease, while surgical treatment is reserved for later stages. Exercise is very important in prevention of disease and largerly contributes to reduction of symptoms. This paper describes a training program for prevention and alleviation of symptoms of varicose veins in lower extremities
Relationship between ski length and the size of beginner ski shoes with the efficiency of ski knowledge acquisition
No full textCilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi utječe li duljina skija i duljina skijaških cipela na učenje osnovnih elemenata tehnike alpskog skijanja. Na početku istraživanja ispitanicima su izmjerene tjelesna visina i duljina stopala, te su iznajmili adekvatnu skijašku opremu. Nakon toga ispitanici su pristupili desetodnevnoj školi alpskog skijanja. Nakon završetka škole alpskog skijanja ispitanici su ispred pet nezavisnih ispitivača demonstrirali sedam elemenata skijaške tehnike. Analizom rezultata moguće uočiti visoku i statistički značajnu korelaciju između tjelesne visine i odabrane duljine skija (r=0,92) i duljine stopala i duljine odabrane skijaške cipele (r=0,97). Također, utvrđena je statistički značajna negativna korelacija između duljine skija i ukupne prosječne ocjene skijaškog znanja (r=-0,20). Isto tako može se utvrditi značajna negativna korelacija (duljine skija i plužnih zavoj-r=-0,19; duljine skija i paralelnih zavoj-r=-0,16). Promatrajući odnos skijaških cipela i ukupne prosječne ocjene skijaškog znanja moguće je zaključiti da postoji statistički značajna negativna korelacija (r=-0,22). Kod odnosa duljine skijaških cipela i skijaških elemenata, vidljiva je statistički značajna negativna korelacija između duljine skijaških cipela i paralelnih zavoja (r=-0,20).The aim of this research was to determine whether the length of skis and the length of ski boots affect the learning of the basic elements of alpine skiing technique. At the beginning of the research, the subjects' body height and foot length were measured, the subjects rented adequate ski equipment. After that, the respondents attended the alpine ski school for ten days. Upon completion of the alpine skiing training, all respondents demonstrated seven elements of skiing technique in front of five independent examiners. The analysis of the results showed that it is possible to observe a high and statistically significant correlation between body height and selected ski length (r = 0.92) and foot length and length of selected ski boot (r = 0.97). Also, a statistically significant negative correlation was found between the length of skis and the overall average grade of ski knowledge (r = -0.20). A significant negative correlation can also be established (length of skis and plow turns-r = -0.19; lengths of skis and parallel turns-r = - 0.16). Observing the relationship between ski boots and the overall average grade of ski knowledge, it is possible to conclude that there is a statistically significant negative correlation (r = -0.22). Comparing the ratio of the length of ski boots and ski elements, there is a statistically significant negative correlation between ski boot length and parallel turn (r = - 0.20)
SPECIFIC EXERCISES IN THE REHABILITATION OF LOWER EXTREMITY INJURIES IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS
No full textRazvojem nogometne igre uvelike su se povećali energetski i živčano mišićni zahtjevi, kako u profesionalnom, vrhunskom, tako i u amaterskom nogometu. Povećanjem količine treninga i utakmica, smanjenjem vremena predviđenog za liječenje, povećava se mogućnost ozljeda donjih ekstremiteta, a neadekvatna rehabilitacija povećava mogućnost ponovljene ozljede, koja zahtijeva duži proces rehabilitacije nego kad se ozljeda dogodi po prvi puta. Postupak rehabilitacije trebao bi proći kroz sve planirane faze liječenja, te završiti specifičnim vježbama i opterećenjima koja imitiraju zahtjeve sporta, u ovom slučaju nogometa. U diplomskom radu osim same analize nogometne igre, rad će se bazirati i na najučestalije ozljede donjih ekstremiteta, mehanizme i rizične faktore te prevenciju i specifične vježbe koje se koriste kako bi se maksimalno povećala učinkovitost rehabilitacijskog postupka.With the development of the football game, the energy and neuromuscular requirments have greatly increased, both in professional and amateur football. A large number of trainings and matches, reducing the time allotted for recovery, increases the possibility of lower extremity injuries, and inadequate rehabilitation increases the possibility of repeated injuries, which requires a longer rehabilitation process then when the injury occurs for the first time. The rehabilitation process should go through all the planned stages of recovery, and end with specific exercises and loads that mimic the requirements of sports, in this case football. In the thesis in addition to the analysis of the football game, graduate thesis will be based on the most common injuries of the lower extremities, mechanisms and risk factors, as well as prevention and specific exercises used to maximize the effectiveness of the rehabilitation procedure
The effect of wearing minimalist shoes on strength and size of foot muscles - a review
No full textTrend nošenja minimalističke sportske obuće sve je popularniji među trkačima. Minimalistička sportska obuća ima minimalne jastučiće za ublažavanje sile udarca tijekom trčanja. Time se znatno razlikuje od tradicionalne sportske obuće koja u značajnoj mjeri preuzima ulogu ublažavanja sile reakcije podloge i funkcije intrinzičnih mišića stopala. Trčanje u minimalističkoj sportskoj obući simulira bosonogo trčanje te se očekuje da će znatnije aktivirati intrinzične mišiće stopala. Cilj rada je pregled i sistematična analiza znanstvenih radova citiranih u bibliografskim bazama Web of Science Core Collection i Scopus koji istražuju učinak nošenja minimalističke obuće na jakost i veličinu mišića stopala. Pretragom je ukupno pronađeno 68 članaka. Osam članaka je zadovoljilo kriterije i uključeno je u završnu analizu. Istraživanja prikazuju promjenu morfologije i funkcije mekih tkiva stopala pod utjecajem nošenja minimalističke sportske obuće kod rekreativnih trkača i učinkovitost nošenja minimalističke obuće ako se u njima samo hoda. Rezultati potvrđuju povećanje volumena mišića stopala i potkoljenice, osobito m. abductor hallucis i m. flexor digitorum te, dodatno, povećani volumen Ahilove tetive kod trkača u minimalističkoj sportskoj obući. U budućim istraživanjima potreban je veći uzorak ispitanika i randomiziranih kontoliranih studija kako bi dobiveni rezultati imali veću snagu zaključivanja.The trend of wearing minimalist sports shoes is becoming increasingly popular among runners. Minimalist sports shoes have minimal cushions to cushion the impact force while running. Therefore, they significantly differ from traditional sports shoes, which take over most of cushioning of the running impact as well as the function of intrinsic foot muscles. Running in minimalist sports shoes simulates barefoot running and is expected to strongly activate the intrinsic muscles of the feet. The aim of this paper is to review and systematically analyze scientific papers cited in the bibliographic databases Web of Science Core Collection and Scopus that investigate the effect of wearing minimalist footwear on the strength and size of foot muscles. In total, 68 articles were found from both databases. Eight articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. The studies show the change in the morphology and function of the soft tissues of the feet under the influence of wearing minimalist sports shoes in recreational runners and the efficiency of wearing minimalist shoes only when walking. The results confirm an increase in the volume of the muscles of the feet and lower legs, especially m. abductor hallucis and m. flexor digitorum, and, additionally, an increased volume of the Achilles tendon in runners in minimalist sports shoes. In future research, a larger sample of subjects and randomized controlled studies are needed in order for the obtained results to have greater inference power
INFLUENCE OF THE APPLICATION OF REDUCED HOOP DIAMETER RIM ON CHANGES IN SOME KINEMATIC PARAMETERS WHEN SHOOTING IN BASKETBALL
No full textŠutiranje je jedan od načina kojim igrač u košarci pokušava ubaciti loptu u koš. Skok šut je najpoznatiji način šutiranja. Cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrditi utječe li primjena smanjenog obujma obruča u radu sa košarkašima seniorske kategorije na promjene u kinematičkim parametrima kod uspješnih šuteva za tri poena. Istraživanje je provedeno na 9 košarkaša seniorske kategorije dobi 25,81 ± 1,99 godina, visine 183,58 ± 8,83 centimetara, mase 83,30 ± 9,87 kilograma i 13,14 ± 2,70% potkožnog masnog tkiva. Promatrane varijable (brzina izbačaja lopte, kut upada lopte u koš, kut u ramenom zglobu tijekom izbačaja lopte, kretanje po horizontalnoj osi od trenutka odraza do trenutka doskoka, najniža pozicija u pripremnoj fazi šuta, visina izbačaja lopte, kut u koljenu prilikom prijema lopte i kut u kuku prilikom prijema lopte) mjerene su uz pomoć Xsense Awinda kinematičkog sustava i 94Fifty senzor košarkaške lopte. Rezultati su pokazali da postoji statistički značajna razlika kod kretanja po horizontalnoj osi od trenutka odraza do trenutka doskoka prilikom šutiranja na smanjeni obujam obruča (F=30,68; p<0,00), dok kod ostalih kinematičkih parametara ne postoji statistički značajna razlika.Shooting is one of the ways in which basketball player tries to get the ball into the hoop. Jump shot is the most popular way of shooting. The aim of this research is to determine whether the application of reduced hoop diameter rim in work with senior basketball players affects changes in kinematic parameters in successful shots by three points. The research was conducted on 9 senior basketball players at the age of 25,81 ± 1,99 years, height 183,58 ± 8,83 centimeters, mass of 83,30 ± 9,87 kilograms and 13,14 ± 2,70% of adipose tissue. The variables observed (speed of releasing the ball, angle at which the ball enters into the basket, shoulder angle at the moment of ball release, movement along the X axis from the moment of take-off to the moment of landing, the lowest position in preparathory phase of the shot, maximal height of ejection wrist joint at the moment of ball release, knee angle while receiving the ball and hip angle while receiving the ball) ) in this study were recorded by the Xsens Awinda kinematic system and 94 Fifty Smart Sensor Basketball. The results showed that there is a statistically significant difference in movement along X axis from the moment of take-off to the moment of landing when shooting on reduced hoop diameter rim (F = 30,68; p<0,00), while for other kinematic parameters there is no statistically significant difference
ANALYSIS OF NEW SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TENNIS TECHNIQUE: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW FROM 2016 TO 2021
No full textOsnovni je cilj ovoga diplomskog rada analiza novih znanstvenih spoznaja o teniskoj tehnici, odnosno donošenje sustavnog pregleda odabrane literature u razdoblju od 2016.godine do danas. Prvenstveno su sagledani i opisani radovi koji obrađuju elemente teniske tehnike koji su u tom vremenskom periodu bili najviše istraživani. Pretraživane su postojeće baze podataka kako bi se našle adekvatne reference koje zadovoljavaju odgovarajuće kriterije. Trima selekcijskim kriterijima izdvojeno je 16 znanstvenih radova koji su ispunili zadane kriterije i koji su većinom istraživali iste ili slične segmente teniske tehnike. Od svih segmenata teniske tehnike najviše su istraživani udarci s osnovne linije, servis, forhend i bekend udarac te parametri koji pobliže objašnjavaju način njihova izvođenja.The main goal of this thesis was to analyze recently published papers focused on playing technique in tennis and the adoption of a systematic and critical review of the most relevant literature. The thesis covers all research published from 2016. to date, describing and analyzing the elements of tennis technique. Existing databases were searched to find appropriate studies that would meet the appropriate criteria. Three selection critetia resulted in a number of 16 scientific papers that met the given criteria. In most studies, the segments of tennis technique analyzed were similiar. Of all the segments of tennis technique, the most researched were the shots from the baseline, service, forehand and backhand and the parameters that explain in more detail the way they are performed
Elements of technique and methodological exercises in the kiteboarding learning process
No full textKiteboarding jedan od najmlađih sportova na vodi, pa kao takav još nema jasno definiranu stručnu terminologiju, niti egzaktno definiran i unificiran program podučavanja elemenata tehnike. Glavni je cilj ovog stručnog diplomskog rada bio opisati elemente tehnike te navesti metodičke vježbe koje se mogu koristiti tijekom podučavanja osnova kitebordinga. Isto tako, ovim će se diplomskim radom opisati neophodni uvjeti koje lokacija provedbe škole kitebordinga mora ispunjavati, te vrsta opreme koja se koristi. Zbog lokacije na kojoj se ovaj sport na vodi prakticira, koja je površinom velika te zbog dinamike kretanja stvara se problem u procesu podučavanja osnova. Naime, učitelj neće uvijek biti u neposrednoj blizini učenika kako bi mogao intervenirati ukoliko nešto pođe po zlu, nego je učenik često sam. Stoga se početnike u ovom sportu na vodi prvo uči teorijska znanja o karakteristikama vjetra i lokaciji na kojoj se provodi škola kiteboardinga. Zatim se učenici upoznaju s neophodnom sportskom opremom i načinima njihovog rukovanja. Tek kad su u potpunosti savladali navedeno mogu započeti rukovati sa zmajem na tlu, a tek zatim i na vodenoj površini. U prvim satima poduke učitelji pridaju posebnu važnost upoznavanju sa sportskom opremom jer nespretno rukovanje sportskom opremom može završiti ozljedom. Sve navedeno upućuje kako učinkovitost procesa podučavanja u ovom sportu na vodi ponajprije ovisi o kvalitetnom programu po kojemu se podučava ali i o lokaciji gdje se provodi škola.Kiteboarding is one of the youngest water sports, and as such does not yet have a clearly defined professional terminology, or an exactly defined and unified program for teaching elements of technique. The main goal of this master thesis was to describe the elements of technique and list methodical exercises that can be used during teaching the basics of kiteboarding. Also, this thesis will describe the necessary conditions that the location of the kiteboarding school must meet, and the type of equipment used. Due to the location where this water sport is practiced (which is large in area) and dynamics of movement, the process of teaching the basics can be problematic. Namely, the instructor will not always be near the student to prevent if something goes wrong and the student is often alone. Therefore, beginners in this water sport are first taught theoretical knowledge about the characteristics of the wind and the location where the kiteboarding school is conducted. Then, the students get acquainted with the necessary sports equipment and ways of handling them. When they have completely mastered the above criteria, students can try to handle the kite on the ground, and afterwards on the water surface. It is in the first hours of teaching that teachers attach special importance to getting acquainted with sports equipment, because clumsy handling of sports equipment can end in injury. All of the above indicates that the effectiveness of the teaching process in this water sport primarily depends on the quality of the teaching program and the location where the school is conducted
Effect of the kinesio taping method application on the hip range of motion and muscle interplay within the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex
No full textMeđumišićna koordinacija predstavlja mehanizam određen redoslijedom aktivacije mišića agonista i sinergista koji proizlazi iz njihovih vremena aktivacije. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati akutne i prolongirane učinke primjene tri različite tehnike Kinesio Taping metode, uz usporedbu sa kontrolnim procedurama te pronaći koja tehnika je najučinkovitija u optimizaciji međumišićne koordinacije kompleksa lumbalne kralježnice, zdjelice i kuka, za primarnu prevenciju patoloških promjena toga područja. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 70 zdravih sudionika oba spola, nasumično podijeljenih u 5 jednakih skupina. Provedena su elektromiografska i goniometrijska mjerenja primjenom 4 testa za 6 zavisnih varijabli. Za određivanje vremena aktivacije ipsilateralnog/kontralateralnog m. erector spinae u odnosu na m. semitendinosus testirane noge, kao prve varijable te za određivanje vremenskog raspona aktivacije tih mišića kao druge, korišten je Prone Hip Extension test. Vrijednosti opsega pokreta ekstenzije/fleksije natkoljenice u kuku dobivene su primjenom Modificiranog Thomasovog/Active Straight Leg Raise testa. Izmjeren je i kut nagiba zdjelice. Sva mjerenja su provedena u tri vremenske točke: predintervencijski, 60 min nakon intervencije i 48 h postintervencijski. Miješanim modelom analize varijance za varijablu vrijeme aktivacije m. erector spinae te za varijable opsega pokreta pronađena je statistički značajna interakcija između skupine i točke mjerenja. Za kontrolne skupine nije pronađena statistički značajna razlika između točaka mjerenja, dok su za eksperimentalne utvrđeni značajni akutni učinci. Zabilježeni su i prolongirani učinci, međutim nisu se pokazali značajno različitima od akutnih. Dvije mišićne Kinesio Taping tehnike iskazale su različitu tendenciju promjene mišićne aktivnosti, pri čemu se tehnika facilitacije pokazala učinkovitijom. Kinesio Taping tehnika funkcionalne korekcije iskazala je najveće akutno poboljšanje međumišićne koordinacije, koje se zadržalo i prolongirano. Kinesio Taping metoda može optimizirati međumišićnu koordinaciju, u čemu je najučinkovitija Kinesio Taping tehnika funkcionalne korekcije. S obzirom na neznačajnost grupnih razlika učinaka, za postizanje korekcije posture u funkciji optimizacije međumišićne koordinacije odmah po intervenciji sugeriramo tehniku funkcionalne korekcije, dok za ostvarenje istog cilja prolongirano svrsishodna može biti i tehnika facilitacije mišićne funkcije, koja je svojim djelovanjem na miofasciju suptilnija, a ujedno je i jednostavnija za primjenu.Introduction. Muscle interplay is a mechanism determined by the recruitment order of agonists and synergists that results from their onset times. The aim of this study was to examine the acute and prolonged effects of three different techniques of Kinesio Taping method, compared to the control procedures, and furthermore to find which technique is most effective in optimizing the muscle interplay within the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, with the potential for primary prevention of pathological manifestations in the mentioned area.
Methods. The sample consisted of 70 healthy subjects of both genders, randomly divided into 5 equal groups. The study included 6 dependent variables assessed through electromyographic, goniometric and trigonometric evaluation based on 4 different tests. These variables were: onsets of the ipsilateral/contralateral erector spinae muscles in relation to semitendinosus muscle of the tested leg, recruitment order of these muscles (Prone Hip Extension test), hip extension/flexion range of motion (Modified Thomas/Active Straight Leg Raise test) and the pelvic tilt angle. All measurements were performed at three timepoints: pre-intervention, 60 min after the intervention, and 48 h post-intervention.
Results. A statistically significant interaction between the group and the timepoint was found by a mixed ANOVA for the variable onset of the contralateral erector spinae and for the range of motion variables. No statistically significant difference was found between the timepoints for the control groups, while significant acute effects were found for the experimental ones. Prolonged effects have also been found but have not been shown to be significantly different than acute effects. Two Kinesio Taping muscle techniques showed a different tendency towards the change of muscle activity, with the facilitation technique being more effective. The Kinesio Taping functional correction technique showed the greatest acute muscle interplay improvement, which was maintained at an approximately equal level for a prolonged time.
Conclusion. The Kinesio Taping method could optimize muscle interplay, in which the most effective Kinesio Taping technique is the functional correction. Given the insignificance of the differences in the effects of Kinesio Taping techniques, we suggest the functional correction technique to achieve postural correction, which could optimize the muscle interplay immediately after the intervention. The muscle facilitation technique can also be useful to achieve the same goal in a prolonged time, while being, by its myofascial repercussions, more subtle and easier to apply
WOMEN AND FOOTBALL FANDOM: THE EXAMPLE OF TORCIDA
No full textNogomet je u današnjem društvu doživio mnoge promjene - nekada se smatrao tradicionalno muškim područjem, sportom radničke klase koji nije bio medijski posredovan. U suvremenom društvu nogomet je komercijaliziran i medijatiziran a na stadionima i navijačkim tribinama može se naći sve više žena, no pitanje je koliko se one na navijačkoj sceni uklapaju u tradicionalnu sliku nogometa kao dominantno „muškog“ svijeta. Cilj ovog diplomskog rada je utvrditi odrednice navijačkog iskustva žena, od autorefleksije sebe kao navijačica, percepcije sebe i drugih s naglaskom na ulogu i položaj žena u subkulturi navijača te analizirati specifičnost položaja žena na navijačkoj tribini.Football is in contemporary society has changed a lot - once it was considered as traditionally male territory, sport of the working class that has not been mediated by media. In modern society, football is commercialized and mediated and more and more women can be found in stadiums and fan stands, but the question is how much they fit into the traditional image of football as a predominantly "male" area on the fan scene. The aim of this thesis is to determine the determinants of women's fan experience, from self-reflection as a female fans, perception of self and others with emphasis on the role and position of women in the fan subculture and analyze the specifics of women's position in the fan tribune