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DIFFERENCES IN THE SITUATIONAL EFFICIENCY PARAMETERS OF SERVE AND RETURN OF SERVE BETWEEN WINNERS AND DEFEATED PLAYERS AT THE 2021 ROLAND GARROS
No full textBudući da servis i vraćanje servisa čine skupinu tehničko-taktičkih elemenata od kojih ovisi
uspjeh u teniskom meču, cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrditi razlike u parametrima situacijske
uspješnosti servisa i vraćanja servisa između igrača pobjednika i poraženih na Roland Garrosu
2021. godine. Uzorak ispitanika čine 128 igrača koji su se plasirali u glavni ždrijeb turnira u
muškoj konkurenciji. Uzorak varijabli sastoji se od ukupno 16 varijabli koje su podijeljene na
parametre servisa i parametre vraćanja servisa. Razlike između parametara situacijske
efikasnosti servisa između igrača pobjednika i poraženih utvrđene su t-testom za nezavisne
uzorke. Rezultati su pokazali kako u prvom setu kod pobjednika broj dvostrukih pogrešaka u
prosjeku iznosi (0,94 ± 1,05) dok je kod poraženih to (1,25 ± 1,09) pogrešaka. Također, rezultati
pokazuju kako poraženi imaju veći broj ubačenih drugih servisa od pobjednika, ali da
pobjednici ipak postižu značajno veći broj poena (14,46 ± 4,52) nakon ubačenog drugog servisa
u odnosu na poražene igrače (12,6 ± 5,19). Ono što je očekivano i u skladu s dosadašnjim
istraživanjima je da pobjednici postižu veći broj osvojenih servis gemova (4,1 ± 1,02) i break
lopti (1,58 ± 0,98) u odnosu na poražene u prvom setu (3,2 ± 1,52 i 0,72 ± 0,78). U drugom
setu dobiveno je da pobjednici postižu statistički značajno bolje rezultate u broju as udaraca
(2,16 ± 2,02) u odnosu na poražene (1,58 ± 1,61). Nadalje, vidljivo je kako poraženi imaju veći
broj ubačenih prvih i drugih servisa (30,84 ± 8,34) u odnosu na pobjednike (28,7 ± 8,09), a to
je dobar pokazatelj kako igrači pobjednici bolje vraćaju servis. Najmanja razlika između igrača
pobjednika i poraženih javlja se u trećem setu gdje su razlike vidljive samo u parametrima
vraćanja servisa gdje igrači pobjednici postižu bolje rezultate. Ono što je zanimljivo da su u
trećem setu najveće razlike između igrača pobjednika i poraženog u varijablama vraćanja
servisa. Tako igrači pobjednici postižu značajno veći broj osvojenih poena nakon vraćenog
prvog i drugog servisa. Također, pobjednici imaju veći broj osvojenih break lopti (1,52 ± 0,94)
u odnosu na poražene igrače (0,76 ± 0,85).Since service and service return constitute a group of technical-tactical elements on which
success in a tennis match depends, the aim of this study is to determine differences in the
parameters of situational service success and service return between winning and losing players
at Roland Garros 2021. The sample of respondents consists of 128 players who placed in the
main draw of the tournament in the men's competition. The sample of variables consists of a
total of 16 variables that are divided into service parameters and service return parameters.
Differences between service situational performance parameters between winning players and
losers were determined by t-test for independent samples. The results showed that in the first
set, the number of double faults in the winners averaged (0.94 ± 1.05), while in the losers up to
(1.25 ± 1.09) the error. Also, the results show that the losers have a higher number of inserted
other services than the winners, but that the winners still score a significantly higher number of
points (14.46 ± 4.52) after the second serve was inserted compared to the defeated players (12.6
± 5.19 ). What is expected and in accordance with previous research is that the winners achieve
a higher number of won game services (4.1 ± 1.02) and break balls (1.58 ± 0.98) compared to
the losers in the first set (3.2 ± 1.52 and 0.72 ± 0.78). In the second set, the winners achieved
statistically significantly better results in the number of strokes (2.16 ± 2.02) compared to the
losers (1.58 ± 1.61). Furthermore, it can be seen that the losers have a higher number of inserted
first and second services (30.84 ± 8.34) compared to the winners (28.7 ± 8.09), which is a good
indicator of how the winning players return the service better. The biggest difference between
the winning players and the losers occurs in the third set where the differences are only visible
in the service return parameters where the winning players achieve better results. What is
interesting is that in the third set, the biggest differences between the winning player and the
loser are in the variables of service return. Thus, the winning players score a significantly higher
number of points after returning the first and second serve. Also, the winners have a higher
number of break points won (1.52 ± 0.94) compared to the lost games (0.76 ± 0.85)
REFEREES' SIGNALS AS A FORM OF NONVERBAL COMMUNICATION IN TEAM SPORTS
No full textCilj je rada bio prikupiti i analizirati sudačke neverbalne znakove tijelom u ekipnim sportovima nastalim dominantno, ali ne isključivo na engleskom govornom području, i to: a) u ekipnim sportovima izvorno nastalim u Europi, b) u ekipnim sportovima izvorno nastalim u Sjevernoj Americi te c) u ekipnim sportovima izvedenim iz sportova izvorno nastalih u Europi. Pritom su se nastojali odrediti obrasci po kojima se prikupljeni sudački znakovi mogu grupirati s obzirom na temeljno značenje koje im je zajednički nazivnik. Uzorak se entiteta sastojao od 287 sudačkih znakova tijelom prikupljenih prema pravilima igre ukupno deset sportova: nogomet, rukomet, ragbi, kriket, hokej na travi, košarka, odbojka, bejzbol, američki nogomet te hokej na ledu. Pokazalo se da znakovi košarkaških sudaca imaju najveću korelaciju sa znakovima iz svih ostalih sportova, bilo da su u pitanju slični ili potpuno različiti sportovi. Iznenađujuće je da hokej na ledu svojim sudačkim znakovljem ima najviše sličnosti s po mnogočemu potpuno drugačijim sportom, i to košarkom.The aim of this paper was to collect and analyse referees' bodily nonverbal signals from team sports originating predominantly but not exclusively from the English-speaking areas: a) team sports originating from Europe, b) teams sports originating from North America, and c) team sports derived from sports originally from Europe. The intention was to identify the grouping patterns of referees’ signals with regard to the meaning as the common denominator of those signals. The sample was comprised of 287 referees' bodily signals collected according to the rules of the total of 10 sports: football (soccer), handball, rugby, cricket, field hockey, basketball, volleyball, baseball, American football and ice hockey. It seems that the basketball referees' signals had the highest correlation with signals from all other sports, regardless of whether these sports were either similar or completely different. Surprisingly, in terms of its referees' signals, ice hockey was the most similar to a sport actually very different from ice hockey, namely, basketball
SHOOTING OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES: SPECIFICS OF BLIND AND VISUALLY IMPAIRED SHOOTING
No full textStručnih radova o streljačkom sportu i njegovim disciplinama u Hrvatskoj je malo, a ima ih još
manje u streljaštvu osoba s invaliditetom. Streljaštvo slijepih i slabovidnih osoba je nova streljačka
disciplina koja se u Hrvatskoj, točnije u Zagrebu po prvi put pojavila 2020. godine, a koja se
polako prepoznaje i u drugim dijelovima Hrvatske. U radu se prikazuje povijest sporta osoba s
invaliditetom, povijest streljaštva osoba s invaliditetom i povijest nastanka nove streljačke
discipline za slijepe i slabovidne osobe odnosno za VI (oštećen vid) strijelce , klasifikacija sportaša
osoba s invaliditetom, pravila i propise za VI strijelce, discipline streljaštva osoba s invaliditetom te
opis VI disciplina VIS (10m zračna puška VI stojeći) i VIP (10m zračna puška VI ležeći), kao i
metodiku poučavanja i vježbanja VI (oštećen vid) strijelaca.There are few professional papers on shooting sports and related disciplines in Croatia, and even
less in the shooting of people with disabilities. Shooting for blind and partially sighted people is a
new shooting discipline that appeared in Croatia, more precisely in Zagreb, for the first time in
2020, and which is slowly being recognized in other parts of Croatia. The paper presents the history
of sports for people with disabilities, the history of shooting for people with disabilities and the
history of a new shooting discipline for blind and partially sighted people, that is for VI (Vision
Impaired) shooters, the classification of athletes with disabilities, rules and regulations for VI
shooters, shooting disciplines for people with disabilities and a description of the VI disciplines
VIS (10m air rifle Visual Impaired Standing) and VIP (10m air rifle Visual Impaired Prone), as
well as the teaching and training methodology of VI (Visual Impaired) shooters
THE RELATIONSHIP OF BALANCE AND PRECISION PERFORMANCE OF FOREHAND AND BACKHAND SHOTS IN YOUNG TENNIS PLAYERS
No full textU tenisu se često ističu različite motoričke sposobnosti kao što su koordinacija, brzina, agilnost i snaga, dok se vrlo mali značaj pridaje ostalim motoričkim sposobnostima poput ravnoteže. Iako ravnoteža kao motorička sposobnost nije najistaknutija sposobnost u tenisu o njoj uvelike ovisi preciznost i kvaliteta izvođenja udaraca. Pregledom literature ustanovljen je nedostatan broj istraživanja koji povezuju ravnotežu i preciznost izvedbe forehand i backhand udaraca. Cilj rada je istražiti povezanost ravnoteže i preciznosti forehand i backhand udaraca kod natjecatelja dobi 10-14 godina (kategorije: U-12 i U-14). Sposobnost ravnoteže izmjerena je dijagnostičkim putem kroz 3 testa za procjenu ravnoteže i uspoređena s rezultatima testa preciznosti za forehand i backhand udarce. Uzorak ispitanika u ovom radu obuhvaća 10 natjecatelja između 10-14 godina. Uzorak varijabli čine 3 antropometrijske (morfološke) karakteristike: visina i masa tijela ispitanika, te dužina i godine ispitanika, zatim 3 testa za procjenu ravnoteže: BBT (Board balance test), SBT (Standing balance test) i YBT (Y-balance test), te rezultati testa preciznosti za forehand i backhand udarce (HATT). Obrada podataka izvršena je u Statistici 13.5. Rezultati testova za procjenu ravnoteže i preciznosti prikazani su deskriptivnom statistikom: aritmetička sredina, minimalni i maksimalni rezultat, te standardna devijacija. Postupak za određivanje statističke značajnosti povezanosti između ravnoteže i preciznosti testiran je korelacijskom analizom (Pearsonov koeficijent korelacije). Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su povezanost BBT (r=0,73; p0,05, Comp. D: r=0,42 ; p>0,05). Broj pogrešaka tijekom testa preciznosti također nije povezan s rezultatima testova ravnoteže.In tennis, various motor abilities such as coordination, speed, agility, strength are often highlighted, while very little importance is attached to other motor abilities such as balance. Although balance as a motor ability is not the most prominent ability in tennis, the precision and quality of the shots largely depends on it. A review of the literature revealed an insufficient number of studies that link the balance and precision of the performance of forehand and backhand shots. The aim of the work is to investigate the relationship between balance and precision of forehand and backhand shots in competitors aged 10-14 years (categories: U-12 and U-14). Balance ability was measured diagnostically through 3 balance assessment tests and compared with the results of accuracy tests for forehand and backhand shots. The sample of respondents in this paper includes 10 competitors between the ages of 10 and 14. The sample of variables consists of 3 anthropometric (morphological) characteristics: the height and weight of the subject's body, leg length and the age of the subject, then 3 tests for assessing balance: YBT (Y-balance test), SBT (Standing balance test) and BBT (Board balance test), and the results of forehand and backhand accuracy tests (HATT). Data processing is done in Statistics 13.5. The results of the balance and precision tests are presented with descriptive statistics: arithmetic mean, minimum and maximum score, and standard deviation. The procedure for determining the statistical significance of the association between balance and precision was tested by correlation analysis (Pearson's correlation coefficient). The research results showed a correlation between BBT (r=0.73; p0.05, Comp. D: r=0.42; p> 0.05). The number of errors during the accuracy test was also not related to the results of the balance tests
MODELING OF GOLFER SPORTS PREPARATION PROCESS
No full textOvaj završni rad posvećen je temi razvoja golfera u dobi od 10 godina i starijih. Treba naglasiti da dugogodišnja sportska karijera ne počinje tim godinama, već je bavljenje sportom i građenje dugogodišnje sportske karijere nužno započeti u najranijoj dobi bavljenjem osnovnim sportskim disciplinama kao što su plivanje, gimnastika, atletika kako bi se poštovale senzitivne faze za razvoj sposobnosti i osobina budućeg sportaša. Kako golf pripada grupi sportova kasne sportske specijalizacije, idealna dob za uključenje mladog sportaša u golf jest 10 godina, kad i počinje lagano upoznavanje i usmjeravanje u odabranu sportsku granu. U završnom radu prezentirane su smjernice i metode planiranja i programiranja rada s mladim sportašima, budućim igračima golfa, u dobi od 10, 11, 16 i 20 godina. Iako je razmak između godina velik i, kad govorimo o dugogodišnjoj sportskoj karijeri, niz nije potpun, svojom strukturom će završni rad dati potpuniju sliku o razlikama u metodama te u planovima i programima rada u pojedinoj fazi dugogodišnje sportske karijere. Podloga za kvalitetnu izradu plana i programa prema periodizaciji sportske karijere golfera jest dobro poznavanje strukture golfa u vidu tehnike i taktike sporta te poželjnih antropoloških karakteristika i kondicijskih sposobnosti uz neprekidno egzaktno praćenje njihovog trenutnog stanja i učinaka treninga. Praćenje najnovijih tehnologija i saznanja u analiziranju i pripremanju golfera za vrhunska sportska dostignuća danas ne da nisu potrebna, već su jednostavno nužna i bez njih se ne mogu pratiti koraci kojima svijet ide naprijed. Izgraditi igrača golfa pravog sportaša i pridodati mu najnoviju opremu u ostvarivanju vrhunskih sportskih dostignuća velika je želja i misija autora ovog završnog rada.This Master’s thesis is covering the thematic of golfer development, aged ten or older. It is important to emphasize that the beginning of athlete development, and when talking about a long-term sports career it is important to begin at the earliest age by practicing basic sports disciplines, such as swimming, gymnastics, athletics, to help in respecting the sensitive phases for the development of ability and traits of a future athlete. As golf falls into sports with later sports specialization, the ideal age for involving a young athlete in golf seems to be the children with the age of ten, when begins the introduction and orientation into the selected sports branch. In this paper, I am going to be presenting the guidelines and methods of planning and programming in work with golf athletes in the ages of ten, sixteen, and twenty. Even though the age difference between those ages is big, and in its basis is not complete when talking about a long-term sporting career, its structure is going to bring a fuller picture about the differences in methods, plans, and programs in the individual phases of a long-term sports career. The grounds for a quality plan and program building according to the periodization of a sports career of a golfer is a good knowledge of golf structure through the technique and tactics of the sport, as well as desirable anthropological characteristics and conditional capabilities with continuous exact following of their current knowledge and effects of training. Following the latest technologies and cognition in analysing and preparing the golfer for the top-tier sporting achievements today are not necessary, but are simply unavoidable, as without them the advancements in the world cannot be followed. To create a golfer athlete and to enable him the newest gear in the process of achieving the top-tier sports achievements is my great wish and a mission
ANNUAL TRAINING PLAN AND PROGRAM FOR U16 WOMEN S BASKETBALL TEAM
No full textPredmet i cilj ovog završnog rada je istaknuti važnost kvalitetnog plana i programa godišnjeg ciklusa treninga za uspjeh U16 ženske košarkaške selekcije. U prvom teorijskom dijelu odredili su se ciljevi i opisani su uvjeti rada košarkaškog kluba. Nadalje, detaljno se obrađuje dijagnostika i njezina važnost prilikom planiranja i programiranja trenažnog procesa. U trećem dijelu završnog rada naglasak se stavlja na elemente programa treninga kao što su: sredstva i sadržaji treninga, opterećenja, metode i modeli košarkaške igre. U posljednjem djelu ovog rada napravljen je detaljan postupak planiranja i programiranja košarkaškog treninga U16 ženske selekcije koji prolazi kroz pripremni, natjecateljski i prijelazni period. Godišnji plan i program podijeljen je na mezocikluse unutar svakog od navedenih perioda. Za svaki od mezociklusa napisani su njegovi mikrociklusi i dan je primjer kako bi izgledale njegove trenažne jedinice.
Za kraj, prikazani su sumarni pokazatelji godišnjeg plana i programa prema kalendaru natjecanja.The subject and the purpose of this thesis are to emphasize the importance of the plan and program of the annual training cycle of the success of the U16 women’s basketball team. In the first theoretical part goals have been determined, as well as the work conditions for the basketball team. Then, detailed diagnostics and the importance of precise and relevant diagnostics in the planning and programming has been specified. In the third part of this final thesis, the emphasis is placed on the elements of a training program such as means and contents of training, training loads, and methods and models of basketball. In the last part, a detailed procedure of planning and programming the basketball training for the U16 women's team has been made, which goes through preparatory, competitive and transitional period. The annual plan and program has been divided into mezocycles using each of the mentioned periods. Furthermore, mezocycles have been broken down into microcycles and in some parts into single practices. Finally, the summary indicators of the annual plan and program according to the competition calendar have been presented
Kinesiological analysis of advanced and competitive elements of skiing technique
No full textCilj diplomskog rada je detaljno prikazati kineziološku analizu elemenata napredne i natjecateljske škole alpskog skijanja. Kineziološka analiza podrazumijeva opisivanje svih dijelova određenih elemenata skijaške tehnike. Osim same analize naprednih i natjecateljskih elemenata skijaške tehnike, uz kineziološku analizu se vežu i metodički postupci i vježbe koje se koriste za njihovo podučavanje te za ispravljanje pogrešaka. Škola alpskog skijanja nije isključivo namijenjena skijašima početnicima. Programi škole skijanja namijenjeni su i skijašima sa višom razinom skijaškoga znanja. Napredni i natjecateljski programi škole skijanja namijenjeni su i natjecateljima mlađih dobnih skupina koji su u sustavu treninga i natjecanja. Elementi napredne i natjecateljske skijaške tehnike također služe i budućim učiteljima skijanja.The aim of the thesis is to present in detail the kinesiological analysis of the elements of the advanced and competitive school of alpine skiing. Kinesiological analysis involves describing all parts of certain elements of ski technique. In addition to the analysis of advanced and competitive elements of ski technique, kinesiological analysis also includes methodological procedures and exercises used for their teaching and for correcting mistakes. The alpine ski school is not exclusively intended for begginer skiers. Ski school programs are also intended for skiers with a higher level of ski knowledge. Advanced and competitive ski school programs are also intended for competitors of younger age groups who are in the system of training and competition. Elements of advanced and competitive skiing technique also serve future ski instructors
DIFFERENCES IN TYPES OF PASSES CONSIDERING THE RANKING OF THE COMPETITION AMONG CADET PLAYERS
No full textCilj ovoga istraživanje bio je utvrditi postoje li razlike u vrstama dodavanja s obzirom na rang natjecanja kod nogometaša GNK Dinamo Zagreb kadetskoga uzrasta u dvama različitim natjecanjima. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo drugu polusezonu 2020./2021. u NL-u Središte te prvu polusezonu 2021./2022. u HNL-u. Analizirano je ukupno 30 utakmica, 17 u NL-u Središte i 13 u HNL-u. Varijable koje su analizirane su: progresivna dodavanja, dodavanja unazad, lateralna dodavanja, dodavanja ukupno, progresivna dodavanja – točnost (%), dodavanja unazad – točnost (%), lateralna dodavanja – točnost (%) i ukupno dodavanja – točnost (%). Za statističku obradu rezultata korištene su metode Studentova t-testa za zavisne uzorke. Rezultati testiranja pokazali su u dvije različite sezone statistički značajnu razliku u jednoj varijabli: lateralna dodavanja – točnost (%) uz pogrešku p = 0,0333. Ostali rezultati također ukazuju na razlike i u preostalim varijablama, ali bez statistički značajne razlike: progresivna dodavanja (uz pogrešku p = 0,3160), dodavanja unazad (uz pogrešku p = 0,1216), lateralna dodavanja (uz pogrešku p = 0,5256), ukupno dodavanja (uz pogrešku p = 0,7053), progresivna dodavanja (%) (uz pogrešku p = 0,4310), dodavanja unazad (%) (uz pogrešku p = 0,3044), ukupno dodavanja (%) (uz pogrešku p = 0,2515). Za dobivanje rezultata i obradu podataka korišteni su podaci Wyscout platforme i Statistica 13.0.The aim of this research was to determine whether there are differences in the types of passes considering the ranking of competitions among GNK Dinamo Zagreb cadet football players in two different competitions. The research covered the second half of the 2020./2021. season in NL Središte and the first half of the season 2021./2022. in the HNL. A total of 30 matches were analyzed, 17 in NL Središte and 13 in HNL. The variables analyzed were: progressive passes, backward passes, lateral passes, total passes, progressive passes - accuracy (%), backward passes - accuracy (%), lateral additions - passes (%) and total passes - accuracy (%). Student's t-test for dependent variables was used for statistical processing of results. The test results showed a statistically significant difference in one variable in two different seasons: lateral passes - accuracy (%) with p-value = 0.0333. Other results also indicate differences in the remaining variables, but without statistically significant differences: progressive passes (p-value = 0.3160), backward passes (p-value = 0.1216), lateral passes (p-value = 0.5256) ), total passes (p-value = 0.7053), progressive passes (%) (p-value = 0.4310), backward passes (%) (p-value = 0.3044), total passes (%) (p-value = 0.2515). Wyscout platform and Statistica 13.0 were used to obtain results and process data
EFFECTS OF 6-WEEKS OF PLYOMETRIC TRAINING WITH RESISTANCE BANDS ON DIFFERENT NEUROMUSCULAR CHARACTERISTICS AMONG THE SAMPLE OF JUNIOR TENNIS PLAYERS
No full textCilj ovog istraživanja je istražiti učinke 6-tjednog pliometrijskog treninga uz otpor elastičnih traka na različita neuromišićna obilježja mladih tenisača. U istraživanju je sudjelovalo 30 tenisača dobne skupine od 12 do 14 godina starosti rangiranih na službenoj ranking ljestvici HTS-a (dob 13.5±1.8 godina, tjelesna masa 51.3±12.5 kg, tjelesna visina 162.7±12.6 cm). Ispitanici su podijeljeni u kontrolnu grupu (standardni trening) (KG; n = 15) te eksperimentalnu grupu koja je provodila pliometrijske vježbe uz otpor elastičnih traka (EG; n=15). Svi sudionici su pristupili početnom i završnom testiranju što je uključivalo: antropometrijske mjere (tjelesna visina, tjelesna masa, raspon ruku, dužina noge, dužina ruke, dužina stopala, %masti, indeks tjelesne mase); testove za procjenu eksplozivne snage (skok iz čučnja (SJ), skok s pripremom (CMJ), jednonožni skok s pripremom (1-leg CMJ), skok s pripremom uz zamah ruku (CMJA), 7 skokova iz stopala (7 jumps), skok u dalj s mjesta (SLJ), troskok (TJ)), testove za procjenu brzine trčanja (sprint na 5,10 i 20 metara) i testove za procjenu agilnosti (generički CODS (20 jardi i T-test) te test reaktivne agilnosti). Nakon završenog šestotjednog perioda treninga, EG je pokazala značajan (p < 0.5) napredak u rezultatima brzine prvog koraka, početnog ubrzanja, brzini, kao i generičkom CODS testu. Efekt promjena bio je od 3.6% do 10.5% i 0.5 (umjereno) do 1.7 (značajno). Značajnije promjene nisu uočene kod KG nakon provedbe treninga. Rezultati ovog istraživanja pružaju korisne informacije trenerima za osmišljavanje širokog raspona specifičnih kondicijskih podražaja u svrhu razvoja neuromišićnih obilježja mladih tenisača.The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of 6-weeks of plyometric training with resistance bands on different neuromuscular characteristics among the sample of junior tennis players. Thirty top junior tennis players between the ages of 12 and 14 years (age 13.5±1.8 years, weight 51.3±12.5 kg, height 162.7±12.6 cm) were allocated to either the control group (standard in-season regimen) (CG; n = 15) or the experimental group, which received additional plyometric training with resistance bands (TG; n = 15). Pre- and post- tests included: anthropometric measures (body height, body weight, arm range, arm length, leg length, foot length, body fat, body mass index); explosive strength tests (squat jump (SJ), vertical countermovement jump (CMJ), single leg vertical countermovement jump (1-leg CMJ), vertical countermovement jump with arm swing (CMJA), 7 jumps from the feet (7jumps), standing long jump (SLJ), triple jump (TJ)); sprint tests (20 m sprint time (with 5, 10 and 20 m splits)); agility tests (generic CODS (20Y test and T-test) and reactive agility test). After the training intervention, the TG showed significant (p < 0.5) improvements in the first step quickness, acceleration, speed, as well as generic CODS performance, with percentages of change and effect sizes ranging from 3.6% to 10.5% and 0.5 (moderate) to 1.7 (large), respectively. No significant changes were observed in the CG after the training intervention. Our findings provide useful information for coaches to create a wide range of tennis-specific situations to develop a proper performance, especially for their player’s neuromuscular fitness
THE ANALYSIS OF VIRTUAL COMMUNICATION OF NATIONAL BASKETBALL ASSOCIATION FRANCHISES IN A PRE-COMPETITION PERIOD
No full textCilj je istraživanja u ovom radu bio analizirati virtualnu komunikaciju preko Instagrama 30 članica Nacionalnog košarkaškog saveza u jednomjesečnom prednatjecateljskom periodu. Ta se komunikacija odnosi na komunikacijske elemente poruka košarkaških franšiza na navedenoj društvenoj mreži tijekom perioda od 30 dana prije regularnog dijela natjecateljske sezone. Zdravstveni je element u objavama bio vrlo rijedak, što začuđuje s obzirom na pandemijsko vrijeme. Rijetki su bili i bilo kakvi oblici oslovljavanja. Nisu pronađene statistički značajne razlike u učestalosti objava, kao ni u analiziranim komunikacijskim elementima između članica Istočne i Zapadne konferencije.The aim of research in this final paper was to analyse virtual communication on Instagram of 30 National Basketball Association members in a one-month pre-competition period. This communication refers to communication elements in messages of basketball franchises on the aforementioned social medium during 30 days before the regular part of a competition season. Health element in the posts was very rare, which was surprising since the study referred to the pandemic time. Various forms of address were also very rare. No statistically significant differences were found between the members of the West and East Conference, either in the frequency of posts or in any of the analysed communication elements