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DIFFERENCES IN MOTIVES AND BARRIERS FOR EXERCISE AMONG PARTICIPANTS OF DIFFERENT RECREATIONAL GROUP PROGRAMS
No full textCilj ovog rada je utvrditi razlike u motivima i preprekama između vježbača koji sudjeluju u različitim grupnim sportsko rekreacijskim programima. Uzorak ispitanika činilo je 78 vježbača od kojih je 19 uključeno u program suvremene aerobike („Body Attack-Les Mills“), 23 vježbača u body and mind program (Pilates) i 36 vježbača u program za razvoj mišićne izdržljivosti („Booty and core“). Sudjelovalo je 59 vježbača ženskog spola i 19 vježbača muškog spola koji su ispunjavali EMI-2 upitnik o motivima za vježbanje i „Barriers to Being Active“ upitnik o preprekama za vježbanje. Na temelju upitnika EMI-2 oblikovano je 14 varijabli, a na temelju upitnika o preprekama za vježbanje 7 varijabli. Razlike između grupa utvrđene su Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA-om i analizom Mann-Whitney U testom. Utvrđeno je da postoji statistički značajna razlika u varijablama „nedostatak resursa“, „društveni pritisak“ i „kontrola težine“. Rangiranjem varijabli utvrđeno je da sve grupe kao prva tri motiva navode snagu i izdržljivost, kontrolu težine i izgled, dok su glavne prepreke za tjelesnu aktivnost u svim grupama: nedostatak volje, nedostatak energije i nedostatak vremena. Varijable „snaga i izdržljivost“ i „kontrola težine“ najvažniji su motivi za vježbanje u svim grupama, no grupa G-2 („Les Mills Body Attack“) ima najveće vrijednosti u navedenim varijablama. Također, grupa G-2 („Les Mills Body Attack“) ima najveće vrijednosti u varijabli „nedostatak volje“ koja predstavlja najčešću prepreku u svim grupama, dok je varijabla „nedostatak energije“ najčešća prepreka u grupi G-3 („Cardio Pilates“). Rezultati ovog istraživanja mogu doprinijeti boljoj organizaciji i prilagodbi grupnih sportsko-rekreacijskih programa u fitnes centrima.The aim of this paper is to determine the differences in motives and obstacles between exercisers who participate in different group sports and recreation programs. The sample of respondents consisted of 78 exercisers, 19 of whom were included in the modern aerobics program ("Body Attack-Les Mills"), 23 exercisers in the body and mind program (Pilates) and 36 exercisers in the muscular endurance development program ("Booty and core" ). 59 female exercisers and 19 male exercisers participated, filling in the EMI-2 questionnaire on motives for exercise and the "Barriers to Being Active" questionnaire on obstacles to exercise. Based on the EMI-2 questionnaire, 14 variables were formed, and 7 variables based on the questionnaire on obstacles to exercise. Differences between groups were determined by Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA and Mann-Whitney U test analysis. It was found that there is a statistically significant difference in the variables "lack of resources", "social pressure" and "weight control". By ranking the variables, it was determined that all groups cited strength and endurance, weight control, and appearance as the top three motives, while the main obstacles to physical activity in all groups were: lack of will, lack of energy, and lack of time. The variables "strength and endurance" and "weight control" are the most important motivations for exercise in all groups, but group G-2 ("Les Mills Body Attack") has the highest values in the mentioned variables. Also, group G-2 ("Les Mills Body Attack") has the highest values in the variable "lack of will" which represents the most frequent obstacle in all groups, while the variable "lack of energy" is the most frequent obstacle in group G-3 ("Cardio Pilates" ). The results of this research can contribute to better organization and adaptation of group sports and recreation programs in fitness centers
Acceptance success and interest towards alpine skiing of students of the faculty of kinesiology with regard to their regional affiliation
No full textCilj ovog diplomskog rada je utvrditi iz kojih dijelova Hrvatske dolaze studenti koji su najuspješnije savladali osnove alpskog skijanja, a nisu imali prethodno iskustvo u ovom sportu na snijegu. Osim toga ovim diplomskim radom želi se odrediti iz koje regije u Hrvatskoj dolazi najveći broj studenata koji su imali prethodnog skijaškog znanja. Ispitanici su pristupili desetodnevnoj školi alpskog skijanja, a nakon završetka škole alpskog skijanja ispred pet nezavisnih ispitivača su demonstrirali osam elemenata skijaške tehnike. Analizom rezultata moguće je uočiti kako ne postoji statistički značajna razlika između ukupne ocjene zadanih elemenata i mjesta prebivališta kako kod skijaša početnika tako i kod skijaša s prethodnim predznanjem. Daljnjom analizom također je utvrđeno kako nema statistički značajne razlike između elemenata vijuganje i mjesta prebivališta, te elementa paralelni zavoj od brijega i mjesta stanovanja. Za detaljnije rezultate trebale bi se uključiti i motoričke sposobnosti ispitanika jer one u velikoj mjeri utječu na sposobnost učenja elemenata skijaške tehnike.The aim of this diploma thesis is to determine from which parts of Croatia the students who most successfully mastered the basics of alpine skiing and who had no previous experience in this snow sport come from. In addition, this graduation thesis aims to determine from which region in Croatia the largest number of students who had previous skiing knowledge come from. After that, the subjects attended a ten-day alpine skiing school. The subjects demonstrated eight elements of skiing technique in front of five independent examiners. Analyzing the results, it is possible to see that there is no statistically significant difference between the overall assessment of the given elements and the place of residence for both beginner skiers and skiers with prior knowledge. Further analysis also determined that there is no statistically significant difference between the elements winding and the place of residence, and the element parallel bend from the hill and the place of residence. For more detailed results, the subjects' motor abilities should also be included, as they greatly influence the ability to learn the elements of ski technique
Development of sports recreation turism in Karlovac
No full textU ovom diplomskom radu opisan je sportsko-rekreacijski turizam grada Karlovca, njegov potencijal i mogućnosti razvoja s obzirom na turističke kapacitete. U prvom dijelu rada teorijski su pojašnjeni pojmovi turizma i sporta te su razmatrani učinci sportsko-rekreacijskog turizma na društveni i ekonomski razvoj, kao i na razvoj pojedinca. Sagledavajući svjetske trendove uočljiva je značajna uloga sporta u turističkoj ponudi. U radu su prikazani izazovi s kojima se suočava turizam Hrvatske, a posljedično i turizam grada Karlovca te koliko zastupljenost sporta može pomoći u ispravljanju tih nedostataka. U drugom dijelu rada nastoji se prikazati značaj turizma u Karlovcu te zastupljenost sportsko-rekreacijskog turizma. Prikazan je gospodarski i društveni učinak ovog područja koji uvelike utječe na definiranje turističke ponude. Pokušava se pokazati povezanost turističkih kapaciteta s ponudom sportsko-rekreacijskog turizma grada Karlovca, ali i ukazati na potencijale kojima se može definirati još bolja ponuda koja bi pojačala turističku valorizaciju i kojom bi se izbjegli negativni efekti turizma kao što su sezonalnost i „izletnički turizam“. Proučavajući motive turista evidentiran je značaj sportsko-rekreacijske ponude pri odabiru destinacije pa se i strategija razvoja turizma u gradu Karlovcu treba bazirati na toj premisi.In this thesis, it is described sports and recreational tourism in the city of Karlovac, its potential, and the possibilities of development regarding its touristic capacity. In the first part of this paper, it is described theoretically subjects regarding tourism and sport and the effect of sport and recreational tourism on social and economic development, as well on the progress of an individual. Through world trends, it is noticed significant role of sport in touristic offer. In paper are shown challenges that Croatian tourism faces and consequently tourism of the city of Karlovac and how the involvement of sport can correct those problems. In the second part of this paper, it is shown the importance of tourism in Karlovac and how much of this is represented as a form of sport and recreational tourism. The economic and social impact of this place is shown as a big part of creating a touristic offer. It is tried to align touristic capacities with sports and recreational touristic offers in the city of Karlovac but also to highlight potentials on which it is possible to create even better offers to help strengthen the tourism valorisation and avoid the negative effect such as seasonality and „excursion tourism“. Through researching personal motives of tourists, it is recorded the importance of sport and recreational touristic offer while choosing destination and strategy of city of Karlovac needs to be based on that premise
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FLEXIBILITY AND INJURIES IN ADVANCED WRESTLERS
No full textRad se bavi pitanjem motoričke sposobnosti kod hrvača te fleksibilnošću kao faktorom prevencije ozljeđivanja sportaša koji se bave hrvanjem. Hrvanje kao borilački sport ulazi u skupinu polistrukturalnih, acikličkih sportova te se još iz doba antike percipira kao sport, koji utječući na razvoj antropoloških obilježja, služi kao odgojno–obrazovno sredstvo mladih. Hrvanje se također smatra jednim od fizički najzahtjevnijih sportova, a s obzirom na to da se radi o kontaktnom sportu, sklonost ozljedama predstavlja čest rizik. U hrvanju ozljede utječu na mišićnu fleksibilnost i razinu vještine, stoga je potrebno detektirati načine prevencije ozljeđivanja kod hrvača, što uključuje parametre poput karakteristike ozljede, mehanizam ozljede i informacije o fizičkim zahtjevima sporta. Fleksibilnost predstavlja sposobnost hrvača da izvrši pokrete s velikom amplitudom sustava, a što uvelike ovisi o elastičnosti mišića i ligamenata. Povećana motorička aktivnost određenih dijelova lokomotornog sustava koju ne prati odgovarajuće istezanje, može ograničiti amplitudu pokreta. Smatra se kako fleksibilnost u pojedinim zglobnim sustavima znatno umanjuje opasnost od ozljeđivanja tijekom izvođenja motoričkih aktivnosti u hrvanju. Fleksibilnost pozitivno korelira sa varijablom koordinacije te utječe na smanjenje broja ozljeda. Koordinacija i fleksibilnost negativno koreliraju sa varijablom maksimalne snage koja je jedna od najznačajnih varijabli za uspješnost u hrvanju. Rad donosi rezultate istraživanja na uzorku od 45 hrvača članova Hrvatske hrvačke reprezentacije, u tri dobne skupine (kadeti (n=15), juniori (n=15) i seniori (n=15)), koji se bore grčko – rimskim stilom hrvanja. Za potrebe istraživanja mjerena je motorička sposobnost hrvača provedbom šest testova fleksibilnosti. Istraživanje je pokazalo povezanost fleksibilnosti i ozljeda, najčešće u zglobovima, što ukazuje na nužnost uvođenja specifičnih vježbi i pravilnog razvoja fleksibilnosti kod hrvača još od rane dobi.This research is about the issue of motor skills in wrestlers and flexibility as a factor in preventing wrestler injuries. Wrestling is a martial sport belonging to the group of polystructural, acyclic sports, and since ancient times it is perceived as a sport that influences the development of anthropological characteristics, serves as an educational tool for young people. Wrestling is also considered one of the most physically demanding sports, and since it is a contact sport, the propensity for injury is a common risk. In wrestling, injuries affect muscle flexibility and skill levels, so it is necessary to detect ways to prevent injuries in wrestlers, which includes parameters such as injury characteristics, injury mechanism and information on the physical requirements of the sport. Flexibility is the ability of a wrestler to perform movements with a large amplitude of the system, which largely depends on the elasticity of muscles and ligaments. Increased motor activity of certain parts of the locomotor system, which is not accompanied by proper stretching, can limit the amplitude of movement. Flexibility in individual joint systems is thought to significantly reduce the risk of injury while performing motor activities in wrestling. Flexibility is positively correlated with the coordination variable and has the effect of reducing the number of injuries. Coordination and flexibility negatively correlate with the maximum strength variable which is one of the most important variables for wrestling success. The paper presents the results of research on a sample of 45 wrestlers members of the Croatian wrestling team, in three age groups, (cadets (n=15), juniors (n=15) and seniors (n=15)), who apply the greco - roman style of wrestling. For the purposes of the research, the motor ability of wrestlers was measured by performing six flexibility tests. Research has shown an association between flexibility and injuries, most often in the joints, which indicates the need to introduce specific exercises and the proper development of flexibility in wrestlers from an early age
EVALUATION OF ALGORITHMS FOR ESTIMATING THE INDICATORS OF AEROBIC ENERGY CAPACITY IN BASKETBALL PLAYERS
No full textNa Kineziološkom fakultetu u Zagrebu, progresivnim kontinuiranim testom opterećenja na pokretnom sagu analizirano je 70 košarkaša hrvatskog natjecateljskog ranga (dob: 24,37 ± 4,05 godina; visina: 196,22 ± 9,89 cm; težina: 92,22 ± 12,58 kg; vmax: 17,70 ± 1,47 km/h; vanp: 12,98 ± 1,13 km/h; Δs: 1232,91 ± 278,29 m; FSmax: 187,97 ± 8,24 o/min; FSanp: 165,90 ± 9,02 o/min). Cilj ovog rada je bio izračunati algoritme za procjenu parametara aerobnog energetskog kapaciteta (VO2max i RVO2max) uz pomoć varijabli koje su lako terenski mjerljive bez uporabe skupocjene sofisticirane opreme.
Dobiveni algoritmi su dokazali da se s lako dostupnim parametrima može objasniti 78% varijance varijable VO2max (r= 0,88; p<0,01), te 58% varijance varijable RVO2max (r=0,76; p<0,01) s minimalnom greškom procjene. U planiranju mikrociklusa, mezociklusa i makrociklusa bitni su osnovni parametri za procjenu aerobnog energetskog kapaciteta radi kontrole intenziteta na treningu. Uz pomoć izračunatih algoritama, treneri vrlo jednostavno mogu doći do podataka o apsolutnim i relativnim vrijednostima maksimalnog primitka kisika (VO2max i RVO2max) što im znatno olakšava planiranje i programiranje treninga u budućnosti.
Predloženi algoritmi za procjenu apsolutnih i relativnih vrijednosti maksimalnog primitka kisika (VO2max i RVO2max) u ovome istraživanju se mogu koristiti u kontroli treniranosti košarkaša u svakodnevnoj praksi zbog visokih koeficijenata korelacije između rezultata izmjerenih u sportskom laboratoriju i rezultata dobivenih u testiranju.At the Faculty of Kinesiology in Zagreb, by progressive constant load test on the treadmill, 70 basketball players of Croatian competitive rank had been analyzed (age: 24,37 ± 4,05 years; height: 196,22 ± 9,89 cm; weight: 92,22 ± 12,58 kg; vmax: 17,70 ± 1,47 km/h; vanp: 12,98 ± 1,13 km/h; Δs: 1232,91 ± 278,29 m; FSmax: 187,97 ± 8,24 bpm; FSanp: 165,90 ± 9,02 bpm). The intention of this paper was to calculate the algorithms to evaluate the parameters of aerobic energy capacity (VO2max and RVO2max) with the help of variables which are easily measured without the usage of highly priced sophisticated equipment.
Yielded algorithms have proven that with easily available parameters, 78% of the variance of the variable VO2max (r= 0,88; p<0,01), and 58% of the variance of the variable RVO2max (r=0,76; p<0,01) can be explained with minimal estimation error. While planning microcyles, mesocycles and macrocycles, basic parameters are important for estimating aerobic energy capacity to control the intensity during training. With the help of calculated algorithms, coaches can easily access the data about absolute and relative values of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max and RVO2max) which can significantly ease the process of planning and programming their trainings in the future.
The proposed algorithms for the estimation of absolute and relative values of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max and RVO2max) in this research can be used to control the training of basketball players in everyday practice due to the high correlation coefficients between the results measured in the sports laboratory and the results obtained in testing
THE COMPARISON OF PARAMETERS OF SITUATION EFFICIENCY IN LEAGUES
No full textCilj ovog rada je predočiti i usporediti odabrane parametre situacijske efikasnosti u ligama petice tijekom sezone 2020./2021. Nadalje, utvrditi postoje li razlike u parametrima između liga petica i između kojih.
Uzorak entiteta čini 5 najbolje rangiranih liga prema UEFA koeficijentu u sezoni 2020./2021. To su: Engleska Premier liga, Španjolska La Liga, Talijanska Serie A liga, Njemačka Bundesliga i Francuska Ligue 1 liga. Za analizu prikupljeni su podaci pojedinačnih klubova svake lige.
Usporedba parametara situacijske efikasnosti među ligama petice provodila se na temelju 18 parametara koji su podijeljeni u tri skupine. Prva skupina sadrži parametre napada, druga skupina sadrži parametre obrane i treća skupina sadrži parametre dodavanja.
S obzirom na veliku raspršenost rezultata i ne normalnu distribuciju, za usporedbu liga korišten je neparametrijski Kruskal Wallis test kako bi se utvrdila statistički značajna razlika između liga. Post hoc test korišten je kako bi se utvrdilo među kojim ligama petice postoje statistički značajne razlike u određenim parametrima.
Obradom podataka nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika među ligama petice u parametrima napada (p>0,05). Statistički značajna razlika utvrđena je u parametrima obrane i to u presijecanjima (p<0,001), blokiranim udarcima (p<0,001), zaleđima (p<0,001) te počinjenim prekršajima (p<0,001). Također, kod parametara dodavanja između pet liga i to kod uspješnih dugih lopti (p<0,001).
Iz dobivenih rezultata možemo zaključiti da se najvećih pet liga svijeta međusobno statistički razlikuju. Prema podacima iz ostalih istraživanja možemo zaključiti da se lige konstanto mijenjaju po vrijednostima parametara te da nema nekih većih konstantnih razlika. Razlog tome može biti velika moć i razvijenost svih liga.The aim of this paper is to present and compare selected parameters of situational efficiency in the top five leagues during the 2020/2021 season. Furthermore, to determine whether there are differences in parameters between big five leagues and between which.
The sample consists of the 5 best-ranked leagues according to the UEFA coefficient in the 2020/2021 season. These are: the English Premier League, the Spanish La Liga, the Italian Serie A league, the German Bundesliga and the French Ligue 1 league. Different data from individual clubs in each league was collected for analysis.
The comparison of situational efficiency parameters among the big five leagues was carried out based on 18 parameters divided into three groups. The first group contains offensive parameters, the second group contains defensive parameters, and the third group contains passing parameters.
Considering the large dispersion of the results and the non-normal distribution, for comparing the leagues and to determine a statistically significant difference the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test was used. A post hoc test was used to determine which of the five leagues have statistically significant differences in certain parameters.
The results showed that there is no statistically significant difference between the five leagues in offensive parameters (p>0.05). A statistically significant difference was found among defensive parameters, in interceptions (p<0.001), blocked shots (p<0.001), offsides (p<0.001) and fouls committed (p<0.001), as well as in passing parameters between the big five leagues, in successful long balls (p<0.001).
The conclusion drawn from the obtained results shows that the five biggest leagues in the world are statistically different from each other. According to the data from other research, it can also be concluded that the leagues are constantly changing in terms of parameter values and that there are no major constant differences. The reason for this can most certainly be found in the greatness and overall development of the five leagues
Proposal of kinesitherapy programs for the prevention of injuries of students in various courses of the Faculty of Kinesiology
No full textProvedbom ankete na 76 studenata treće godine Kineziološkoga fakulteta, istražili smo učestalost ozljeđivanja studenata na Kineziološkom fakultetu te saznali mehaniku nastanka ozljede, područje nastanka ozljede, iz kojeg sporta student ili studentica dolazi te na kojim su kolegijima ozljede nastale. Deskriptivnom statistikom saznali smo da se čak 45 posto ukupnoga broja studenata ozlijedilo na nekom praktičnom kolegiju. Studenti su se najviše ozljeđivali na kolegijima iz gimnastike, odbojke i hrvanja. Najčešća područja nastanka ozljede bili su gležanj, koljeno, rame te zadnja loža. Napravljen je prijedlog prevencijskoga kineziterapijskog programa za svaki kolegij zasebno. Za izradu programa prevencije ozljeda rabljena je kombinacija znanja iz kineziterapije te vježbi specifičnih za zadani sport. Program je namijenjen svakom studentu za samostalnu primjenu, kao i otvoren za određenu prilagodbu zahtjevima nadolazećega praktičnog kolegija koji je, jednako tako, sklon promjenama i nadopunama. Također, proučavali smo ovisnost prijašnjih ozljeda s novonastalim ozljedama na određenom praktičnom kolegiju Kineziološkoga fakulteta, sličnost s dominantnim sportom te ispitali jesu li studenti samostalno radili na nekom obliku prevencije ozljeda.
S obzirom na to da su pitanje prevencije ozljeda i prevencijski programi još uvijek slabo istraživani, potrebna su dodatna istraživanja o utjecaju zasebnih prevencijskih programa te o utjecaju programa kada su objedinjeni s dodatnim aktivnostima poput zahtjeva određenih kolegija ili izvannastavnih trenažnih aktivnosti.By conducting a survey on 76 third-year students of kinesiology, we investigated the frequency of student injuries at the Faculty of Kinesiology and found out the mechanics of injury, the area of injury, which sport the student is from, and on which courses the injuries occurred. Using descriptive statistics, we learned that as many as 45 % of total number of students were injured during a practical course. Students were most often injured in gymnastics, volleyball and wrestling. The most common areas of injuries were the ankle, knee, shoulder and hamstrings. A proposal of preventive kinesitherapy program was made for each course separately. A combination of knowledge from the kinesitherapy and exercises specific to the given sport were used to create the kinesitherapy injury prevention program. The program is free for every student to apply independently and to make it easier to adapt to the requirements of the upcoming practical course, however the program is also prone to changes and additions. We also researched if dependence of previous injuries, similarity of the dominant sport and whether they have done some form of injury prevention independently are connected with injuries that occurred on a practical course at the Faculty of Kinesiology.
Given that the issue of injury prevention and prevention programs are still poorly researched, additional research is needed on the effects of injury prevention programs as an item for itself, and as an item in combination with demands of practical courses at the Faculty of Kinesiology and activities outside of the Faculty
FEMALE WEIGHTLIFTERS IN CROATIAN SOCIETY: EXERCISE FROM SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION
No full textSport je sastavni dio društvenih potreba pojedinaca te je uvelike preslika samog društva. Sport služi kao sredstvo promicanja zdravlja, odgoja, inkluzije i jednakosti. Pitanje sudjelovanja i vrijednosti u sportu duboko je uvjetovano te povezano sa socijalnom slikom i percepcijom društva. Predrasude spram žena koje sudjeluju u „muškim“ sportovima ukazuju na negativne stavove društva prema produktima koje stvara njihov sport. Cilj je ovog diplomskog rada razumijevanje i analiza stavova o pitanjima spola i roda iz perspektive žena koje se bave dizanjem utega, sportom koji je društveno etiketiran kao „muški“ sport. Provedeno je šest polustrukturiranih dubinskih intervjua s aktivnim, vrhunskim dizačicama utega. Ispitanice se ne susreću s rodnom nejednakošću unutar kluba, kao ni s diskriminacijom, no susreću se sa stereotipima koje društvo najčešće usmjerava na njihov tjelesni izgled. Ispitanice same smatraju kako je dizanje utega uniseks sport, odnosno sport bez spolnih razlika, no svjesne su da ga društvo percipira kao dominantno muški sport.Sport is an integral part of the social needs of individuals and is largely a reflection of society itself. Sport serves as a means of promoting health, education, inclusion and equality. The issue of participation and value in sports is deeply conditioned and connected to the social image and perception of society. Prejudices against women who participate in "men's" sports indicate negative attitudes of society towards the products created by their sports. The aim of this thesis is to understand and analyze the attitudes on issues of sex and gender from the perspective of women who engage in weightlifting, a sport that is socially labeled as "masculine". Six semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with active, elite female weightlifters. The respondents do not encounter gender inequality within the club, nor discrimination, but they do encounter stereotypes that are most often directed at their physical appearance by society. The respondents themselves believe that weightlifting is a unisex sport, i.e. a sport without gender differences, but they are aware that society perceives weightlifting as a predominantly male sport
IMPLEMENTATION OF STRENGTH TRAINING IN KINESITHERAPY OF SPORTS INJURIES
No full textSportske ozljede su neželjeni fenomen koji se javlja u trenucima kada ga najmanje očekujemo. Donedavno rehabilitacija sportskih ozljeda je iziskivala pasivan pristup. U novije vrijeme započelo se sa nešto aktivnijim pristupom rehabilitaciji sportskih ozljeda kroz „LOVE & PEACE“ metode. Jedna od važnih sastavnica rehabilitacije sportskih ozljeda je trening jakosti zbog mnoštva benefita koje doprinosi. No, bez obzira na vrlo kvalitetnu znanstvenu potkrijepljenost, čini se kako zastupljenost treninga jakosti u rehabilitaciji sportskih ozljeda nije na zadovoljavajućoj razini.
Trening jakosti može doprinijeti mnoštvu različitih aspekata rehabilitacije sportskih ozljeda i, najvažnije, ubrzati povratak u sport. Postoje četiri osnovna principa na temelju kojih bi trening jakosti morao biti koncipiran: individualnost, specifičnost, kontinuiranost i progresivnost. Periodizacija treninga jakosti u svrhu rehabilitacije sportskih ozljeda može pratiti linearan i nelinearan pristup. Oba pristupa imaju u krajnjem cilju pretvoriti jakost u sportsku izvedbu. Kvalitetan i uspješan trening jakosti leži u manipulaciji varijabli kojima je on određen.
Zaključno, proces rehabilitacije sportskih ozljeda je složeni proces koji mora sadržavati trening s vanjskim opterećenjem zbog mnogih koristi koje on donosi. Prateći novu literaturu i četiri osnovna principa plana i programa treninga, moguće je planirati uspješnu rehabilitaciju sportskih ozljeda. Daljnja istraživanja bi trebala dodatno razlučiti koje metode, vježbe, odnos varijabli je najoptimalniji, te odrediti intervale vrijednosti svake varijable i zahtjeva kako bi znali od kuda krenuti.Sport injuries are an unwanted phenomenon that seems to happen when we least expect it to. Their rehabilitation has previously been based on passive treatments, whereas today, practitioners have started using more active approach through LOVE & PEACE methods. One of the crucial parts of the rehabilitation of sport injuries is strength training due to multitude of benefit sit delivers. But, no matter the quality of scientific evidence, it seems that the involvement of strength training into rehabilitation of sport injuries isn't on a satisfactory level.
Strength training may enhance a variety aspects of rehabilitation of sport injuries and, most importantly, speed up return to sport. There are four main principle on top of which we should build our rehabilitation program: individuality, specificity, continuity and progresiveness. Periodization of rehabilitation program may resemble linear or non-linear approach, but both approaches have same goal: to transfrom the strength into sport performance. Quality and successful strength training lies in variable manipulation of which it consists.
To conclude, rehabilitation process of sport injuries is a complex process that should implement strength training due to multitude of benefit sit delivers. Following the newest research and four main principles of rehabilitation program, it is possible to plan a successful rehabilitation of any sport injury. Further research should distinguish optimal methods, exercises and optimal ratio of strength training variables. Furthermore, certain starting points should be developed in order to know where to start
Knowledge of swimming – the civilization need of modern man in preserving health
No full textU radu su prikazani različiti učinci plivanja na zdravlje. Plivanje ima pozitivne učinke na zdravlje pluća, kardiovaskularni i kardiometabolički sustav, mišićno koštani sustav, neurološko zdravlje i dr. u općoj populaciji. Plivanje donosi prednosti i za određene društvene skupine, npr. osobe s invaliditetom, starije osobe i osobe ženskog spola. Međutim, određeni učinci plivanja na zdravlje još uvijek nisu dovoljno dobro istraženi. Plivanju se u znanstvenoj literaturi posvećuje znatno manje pažnje u odnosu na neke druge tjelesne aktivnosti, posebno trčanje i biciklizam.
Voda posjeduje posebna fizička svojstva, stoga u poduzimanju određenih fizioloških mjerenja postoje i poteškoće. Određeni učinci plivanja na zdravlje počeli su se istraživati tek u novije vrijeme, stoga za neke učinke još uvijek ne postoje dokazi visoke razine. Plivanje ne donosi prednosti samo na individualnoj razini, već od aktivnosti i programa plivanja koristi mogu imati i čitave zajednice. Kako bi to bilo moguće, trebaju postojati određeni preduvjeti. Ovaj je rad ukazao na potrebu za daljnjim istraživanjima učinaka plivanja na zdravlje, koja u današnje vrijeme mogu biti pospješena upotrebom suvremene tehnologije.
Suvremena saznanja o učincima plivanja potrebno je uključiti u programe prevencije i rehabilitacije, kao i rekreacije jer je pozitivan utjecaj tjelovježbe na opće zdravlje dobro poznat. Potrebno je i osnažiti kapacitete zajednice kako bi uopće postojali preduvjeti za bavljenje plivanjem kao tjelesnom ili sportskom aktivnosti.The paper presents various health effects of swimming. Swimming has positive effects on lung health, cardiovascular and cardiometabolic system, musculoskeletal system, neurological health, etc. in the general population. Swimming also brings benefits to certain social groups, such as people with disabilities, the elderly, and women. However, certain health effects of swimming are still not well researched. Swimming is given much less attention in the scientific literature compared to some other physical activities, especially running and cycling. Water has special physical properties, so there are difficulties in taking certain physiological measurements.
Certain effects of swimming on health have only recently begun to be investigated, so for some effects there is still no evidence of high levels. Swimming does not only bring benefits at the individual level, but entire communities can benefit from swimming activities and programs. In order for this to be possible, there must be certain preconditions. This paper pointed to the need for further research into the health effects of swimming, which today can be enhanced by the use of modern technology.
Modern knowledge about the effects of swimming should be included in prevention and rehabilitation programs, as well as recreation, because the positive impact of exercise on general health is well known. It is also necessary to strengthen the capacity of the community so that there are prerequisites for swimming as a physical or sporting activity