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Possibility of developing sports and recreational facilities for people with disabilities in Osijek
No full textOsobe s invaliditetom čine 15% svjetske populacije i najbrojnija su manjina na svijetu. Kod osoba s invaliditetom, sport je najčešće uveden kao oblik rehabilitacije i nažalost, u najvećem broju slučajeva, tu bavljenje sportom i prestaje. Sport prije svega ima svrhu osnaživanja osoba s invaliditetom, jer pomjera fokus s nedostatka (onoga što osoba s invaliditetom ne može zbog svoga invaliditeta napraviti), a usmjerava se na sposobnosti (ono u čemu je osoba dobra i uspješna) što stvara osjećaj postignuća i donosi zadovoljstvo. Ovim radom prikazano je aktualno stanje sportskih objekata u gradu Osijeku, ponuda postojećih programa za osobe s invaliditetom i struktura potencijalnih korisnika te je dan osvrt na stručnost i educiranost trenera za rad s osobama s invaliditetom. Ukazano je na prepreke i otežane okolnosti u svakodnevnom životu i dnevnom funkcioniranju osoba s invaliditetom te je dan prijedlog za proširenje sportsko-rekreacijske ponude za osobe s invaliditetom. Osobama s invaliditetom potrebno je nuditi sadržaje kojima bi mogli prisustvovati kao punopravni članovi društva i zajednice u kojoj žive. Treneri koji rade s osobama s invaliditetom, uz sva znanja i kompetencije koje steknu, trebali bi dobro poznavati i rehabilitacijsku pozadinu poteškoća osobe s kojom rade te znati kako psihološki pristupiti osobi s invaliditetom. Također je vrlo važno osigurati im dostupnu psihološku pomoć, koja je potrebna i članovima njihovih obitelji.People with disabilities are the largest minority in the world (15% of the world's population). The role of sports in lives of people with disabilities is basically rehabilitation. People with disabilities should be encouraged to do more for themselves and the role of sports in their lives is very important – the accent transfers from their disabilities to what they can do and what they are good with. This work presents recent condition of sports facilities in the town of Osijek, offer of available sports programs for people with disabilities, the structure of people with disabilities and refers on the coaches who work with people with disabilities (the importance of being well educated and being ready to improve every day). The difficulties in everyday's life of people with dissabilities and recommendations how to improve their lives is also given. People with disabilities must be involved in the community they live in as equal to other people. Coaches who work with them should be familiar with the background of the condition people with disabilities are dealing with. They should constantly improve their knowledge to be competent for working with this group of people. Psychological help is also very important
EFFECT OF ECCENTRIC STRENGTH TRAINING ON HAMSTRINGS INJURIES
No full textGlavni cilj ovog rada bio je na temelju sustavnog pregleda literature utvrditi utjecaj ekscentričnog treninga jakosti na ozljede hamstringsa. Koristili smo 3 baze podataka za prikupljanje dostupnih radova, a to su: PubMed, Web of Science i SPORTDiscus. Prikupljeno je ukupno 260 radova od čega je 16 bilo duplikata. Sljedeći korak je bio pregled naslova i sažetaka nakon čega je izbačeno još 213 radova. Nakon posljednjeg koraka selekcijskog postupka ostao je 31 rad koji je pregledan u cijelosti, a samo ih je 5 na kraju zadovoljilo uvjete uključivanja u ovaj pregledni rad. Uzorci ispitanika činili su svi profesionalni i amaterski sportaši neovisno o sportu kojim se bave. Nakon selekcije radova došli smo do brojke od ukupno 1627 ispitanika što je otprilike podjednak broj u eksperimentalnoj (n=808) i kontrolnoj skupini (n=819). Dob ispitanika iznosi 22,8 +/- 3,8 god. Detaljnom pretragom radova koji su zadovoljili kriterije došli smo do broja od ukupno 116 ozljeda. Eksperimentalan grupa broji 26 (3,21 %), a kontrolna skupina 90 (10,99 %) ozljeda čime smo došli do krajnjeg rezultata od smanjenju rizika od ozljede koji iznosi 73 %. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata jasno je kako bi navedeni oblik treninga trebalo uključiti u prevencijske protokole.The main goal of this paper was to determine the impact of eccentric training on the severity of hamstring injuries based on a systematic review of the literature. We used 3 databases to collect available works, namely: PubMed, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus. A total of 260 papers were collected, of which 16 were duplicates. The next step was a review of titles and abstracts, after which another 213 papers were excluded. After the last step of the selection process, there were 31 papers that were reviewed in their entirety, and only 5 of them finally met the conditions for inclusion in this review paper. Samples of respondents believed that all professional and amateur athletes are independent of the sport they practice. After the selection of papers, we reached a total of 1,627 subjects, which is roughly the same number in the experimental (n=808) and control group (n=819). The age of the respondents is 22.8 +/- 3.8 years. Through a detailed review of works that met the criteria, we came to a total of 116 injuries. The experimental group has 26 (3.21 %), and the control group 90 (10.99 %) injuries, with which we reached the final result of a reduced risk of injuries, which is 73 %. Based on the obtained results, we concluded that the mentioned form of training should be included in the preventive protocols
THE STRATEGY OF OVER LOADING HIGH-INTENSITY ACTIVITIES IN THE WEEKLY MICROCYCLE OF SOCCER PLAYERS
No full textPojava modernih tehnologija utjecala je na razvoj sporta, ali i mijenjala pristup sportskom treningu. Uloga suvremenih aparatura u modernom nogometu eksponencijalno se širi te nastoji povećati efikasnost igrača i trenera. Spomenuta tehnologija podrazumijeva i GPS (Global Positioning System) monitoring koji bilježi temeljnu metriku nogometne izvedbe: brzinu, pretrčanu udaljenost i intenzitet. Koliko je taj sustav prisutan i raširen svjedoči činjenica da se koristi na elitnom, polu-profesionalnom kao i amaterskom nivou. Ista činjenica potvrđuje postojanje potrebe za boljim razumijevanjem podataka prikupljenih GPS sustavom praćenja opterećenja. Evidentiranjem, kontrolom i obradom navedenih podataka, osim utvrđivanja obavljenog rada i procjene razine individualne kondicijske pripremljenosti te umora, dobivamo alat za preciznije planiranje i programiranje nogometnog treninga odnosno, mogućnost apliciranja pravovremenog i pravilno doziranog opterećenja sukladno individualnim potrebama igrača, a sve s ciljem redukcije rizika pojave ozljeda, unaprijeđenja procesa oporavka i povećanja konkurentnosti momčadi unutar natjecanja. Tehnološki napredak popratilo je i kreiranje novih periodizacijskih teorija te stručnih preporuka povezanih sa volumenom i intezitetom svih fizičkih parametara čiji je cilj uputiti trenere koja doza rada u određenom periodu je dovoljna za najbolju sportsku izvedbu. S time u vidu, svrha ovog rada je utvrditi optimalni volumen sprinta i visoko intenzivnog trčanja unutar nogometnog
treninga u razdoblju od tjedan dana odnosno, jednog mikrociklusa.The emergence of modern technologies influenced the development of sports, but also changed the approach to sports training. The role of modern equipment in modern football is expanding exponentially and is trying to increase the efficiency of players and coaches. The mentioned technology also includes GPS (Global Positioning System) monitoring that records the basic metrics of football performance: speed, distance covered and intensity. How present and widespread this system is is evidenced by the fact that it is used at elite, semi-professional and amateur levels. The same fact confirms the need for a better understanding of the data collected by the GPS load monitoring system. By recording, controlling and processing the above data, in addition to determining the work done and assessing the level of individual fitness preparation and fatigue, we get a tool for more precise planning and programming of football training, that is, the possibility of applying timely and correctly dosed load according to the individual needs of the players, all with the aim of reducing the risk of injury, improving the recovery process and increasing the competitiveness of the team within the competition. Technological progress was accompanied by the creation of new periodization theories and expert recommendations related to the volume and intensity of all physical parameters, the goal of which is to instruct trainers what dose of work in a certain period is sufficient for best sports performance. With this in mind, the purpose of this paper is to determine the optimal volume of sprinting and high-intensity running within football training in a period of one week, or one microcycle
Strenght training in injury prevention in elite tennis player: case report
No full textTenis zbog svoje dinamičnosti i brzine igre koju uvjetuju brzina loptice i aktivnost protivnika tjera igrača da sve pokrete izvodi maksimalno brzo. U prosjeku igrač izvede 3 do 5 urgentnih promjena smjera po pojedinom poenu, a u samom meču ili treningu igrač napravi i preko 500 takvih kretnji. Samim time i povećava se rizik od ozljede. Od ukupnog broja ozljeda u tenisu 20% otpada na ozljede koljena, koje su u 70% slučajeva akutne ili traumatske. Cilj ovog rada je prikazati provedbu kondicijskih programa treninga u svrhu prevencije ozljede koljena vrhunskog tenisača te prikazati slučajeve i načine kako provoditi kondicijske programe kroz proces rehabilitacije tendinopatije bez nužnog prekida procesa treninga, i kako prilagoditi programe sustavu natjecanja.Tennis, due to its dynamism and speed of play, which is conditioned by the speed of the ball and the activity of opponent, forces the player to perform all movements as quickly as possible. On average, a player makes 3 to 5 urgent changes of direction per point, and in the match or training, the player makes over 500 such movements. That quantity of direction changes increases the risk of injury. Of the total number of injuries in tennis, 20% are knee injuries, which in 70% of cases are acute or traumatic. This paper is aiming to show the implementation of fitness training programs for the purpose of prevention of knee injury of an elite tennis player as well as show cases how to implement fitness programs through the process of rehabilitation of tendinopathy without necessarily interrupting the training process and how to adapt programs to the competition system
Effectiveness of a population-scaled, school-based physical activity intervention for the prevention of childhood obesity
No full textObjective
The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a real-world, population-scaled, school-based physical activity (PA) intervention that provided two to three additional physical education lessons per week to children aged 6 to 14 years in Slovenia.
Methods
More than 34,000 participants from over 200 schools were compared with a similar number of nonparticipants from the same schools. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate the effects of differing levels of exposure to the intervention (i.e., from 1–5 years) on BMI in children with normal weight, overweight, or obesity at baseline.
Results
BMI was lower in the intervention group, irrespective of participation duration or baseline weight status. The difference in BMI increased with the program duration, with maximal effects being seen after 3 to 4 years of participation, and was consistently larger for children with obesity (peaking at 1.4 kg/m2 [95% CI: 1.0–1.9] for girls with obesity and peaking at 0.9 kg/m2 [95% CI: 0.6–1.3] for boys with obesity). The program started to become effective at reversing obesity after 3 years, whereas the lowest numbers needed to treat (NNTs) were observed after 5 years (NNTs = 17 for girls and 12 for boys).
Conclusions
The population-scaled, school-based PA intervention was effective in preventing and treating obesity. The effects were the greatest in children initially presenting with obesity, such that the program was able to benefit children needing support the most
DIGITAL MARKETING IN SPORTS
No full textSportski marketing podrazumijeva poslovnu koncepciju koja se temelji na potražnji od strane potrošača za sportskim proizvodima i uslugama, zadovoljenja potražnje potrošača, proizvoda u sportu, procesa razmjene, tržišta u području sporta te sudionicima u procesu primjene marketinga. Promocija sportskog proizvoda i usluge obuhvaća skup aktivnosti pomoću kojih se pokušava privući pažnja potrošača, potiče njihov interes, stvara želja i potiče akcija za kupovinom proizvoda i usluga od sportske organizacije. Primjena digitalnog marketinga u sportu se temelji na tradicionalnom sportskom marketingu, dodajući podršku komunikaciji na društvenim mrežama te prodaji putem interneta. Sportske organizacije koriste digitalni marketing kako bi poboljšale odnose s potrošačima putem njegovih alata.Sports marketing implies a business concept based on consumer demand for sports products and services, consumer demand satisfaction, sports products, exchange processes, markets in the field of sports and participants in the marketing application process. The promotion of a sports product and service includes a set of activities that are used to attract attention from consumers, stimulate their interest, create desire and encourage action to purchase products and services from a sports organization. The application of digital marketing in sports is based on traditional sports marketing, adding support for communication on social networks and online sales. Sports organizations use digital marketing to improve relationships with consumers through its tools
Differences in perceptions of coaches' teaching style when training young athletes
No full textCilj ovog istraživanja bio je odrediti najzastupljeniji stil poučavanja kod svih trenera, kao i kod određenih skupina trenera s obzirom na karakteristike grupe kojoj pripadaju i odrediti koji bi mogući razlozi tomu mogli ishoditi. Ovim istraživanjem sakupljeni su podatci o trenerskim stilovima poučavanja po uzoru na Spektrum, Mosstonov pedagoški model koji opisuje stilove poučavanja. Podatci su sakupljeni trenerskom samoprocjenom i kontrolnom procjenom promatrača putem anketnog upitnika, te se proveo strukturirani intervju. Podatci ukupno dvanaest trenera bili su obrađeni T testom za nezavisne uzorke koji je pokazao da ne postoji statistički značajna razlika u broju korištenih stilova kod trenerske i kontrolne procjene, te da treneri sa stručnim obrazovanjem ne koriste više stilova od trenera sa nestručnim obrazovanjem. Odbačena je i posljednja hipoteza da treneri mlađih dobnih skupina koriste manji broj stilova. Rezultati su pokazali da treneri koriste najviše stilova iz grupacije reprodukcije prema Mosstonovu Spektrumu i to poglavito naredbeni i praktični stil. Istraživanje je rezultiralo zaključkom kako je nužno obratiti pozornost na educiranost trenera, posebice u polju stilova poučavanja. Predlaže se upoznavanje Mosstonovog modela sa širom javnosti, kako u vidu javne edukacije, tako i kao dio obrazovanja budućih trenera kojima se mora naglasiti važnost cjeloživotnog obrazovanja.This study aimed to determine the most common teaching style of all coaches, as well as in certain groups of coaches, concerning the characteristics of the group to which they belong and to determine what possible reasons for this could result. This research collected data on coach teaching styles modeled on Spectrum, Mosston's pedagogical model that describes teaching styles. The data were collected through coach self-assessment and control assessment of observers through a questionnaire, and a structured interview was conducted. The T-test processed data from twelve trainers for independent samples, which showed no statistically significant difference in the number of styles used in coaching and control assessment, and that trainers with vocational education did not use more styles than coaches with non-professional education. The last hypothesis that coaches of younger age groups use fewer styles was also rejected. The results showed that coaches use the most styles from the reproduction group according to The Mosston Spectrum, especially the command and practical styles. The research concluded that it is necessary to pay attention to the education of trainers, especially in the field of teaching styles. It is proposed to introduce Mosston's model to the general public, both in the form of public education and as part of the education of future trainers who must emphasize the importance of lifelong learning
ANALYSIS OF TREND DEVELOPMENT OF RESULTS IN DOLPHIN TECHNIQUE DISCIPLINES FOR FEMALE SWIMMERS AT THE WORLD AND NATIONAL CHAMPIONSHIPS IN THE PERIOD FROM 2006 TO 2022
No full textSveobuhvatni napredak koji nas okružuje omogućava bolje rezultate u sportu, a također i u plivanju. Plivanje je bazičan sport koji je od svog početka pa do danas izrazito napredovao. Dupin tehnika koja se u literaturi može pronaći još pod nazivima leptir ili delfin je ujedno i najmlađa tehnika plivanja koja se razvila kao varijanta prsne tehnike. U početku se plivalo ruke leptir i noge prsno, a kasnije s ciljem što bržeg plivanja uveden je dupin udarac nogama i tako je nastala četvrta tehnika plivanja, odnosno dupin tehnika.
Cilj istraživanja rezultata na 50 m, 100 m i 200 m dupin kod plivačica u finalima svjetskih i državnih prvenstava u 50 - metarskom bazenu u razdoblju od 2006. do 2022. godine, je analiza razvojnih trendova i utvrđivanje krivulje razvoja rezultata, kao i prikaz razlike u rezultatima navedenih disciplina između Hrvatske i svijeta. Uzorak ispitanika čine plivačice finala svjetskih i državnih prvenstava u razdoblju od 2006. – 2022. godine. Varijable u istraživanju su discipline 50 m dupin, 100 m dupin i 200 m dupin. Podaci su preuzeti sa službenih stranica Svjetskog vodenog sporta (WA) i Hrvatskog plivačkog saveza (HPS).
Podaci su obrađeni programskim paketom Statistica 14 za analizu trenda. Trend razvoja prosjeka rezultata i najboljih rezultata s finalnih utrka na svjetskim i državnim prvenstvima obrađen je pomoću multiple regresijske analize. Za usporedbu razlika prosječnih i najboljih rezultata svjetskih i državnih prvenstava u navedenom razdoblju upotrijebljena je jednosmjerna analiza varijance (ANOVA).
Analiza trenda razvoja rezultata u disciplinama tehnike dupin kod plivačica u finalima svjetskih i državnih prvenstava u 50 - metarskom bazenu u razdoblju od 2006. do 2022. godine pokazala je linearan porast rezultata gotovo u svim disciplinama, jedini utvrđeni izuzetak je u disciplini 200 m dupin na svjetskim prvenstvima gdje je prisutan negativan trend razvoja rezultata. Nulta hipoteza nije potvrđena. Usporedba rezultata državnih i svjetskih prvenstava ukazala je na statistički značajnu razliku svih disciplina.The comprehensive progress that surrounds us enables better results in sports and also in swimming. Swimming is a basic sport that has progressed significantly since its inception. The dolphin technique, which can be found in the literature under the names butterfly or dolphin, is also the youngest swimming technique that was developed as a variant of the breaststroke technique. In the beginning, arms were swum in butterfly and legs in breaststroke, and later, with the aim of swimming as fast as possible, the dolphin kick was introduced, and thus the fourth swimming technique, i.e. the butterfly technique, was born. The aim of researching the results in the 50 m, 100 m and 200 m butterfly of female swimmers in the finals of the world and national championships in the 50-meter pool in the period from 2006 to 2022 is the analysis of development trends and the determination of the development curve of the results, as well as the presentation of differences in results of the mentioned disciplines between Croatia and the world. The sample of participants consists of female swimmers who competed in the finals of world and national championships in the period from 2006 to 2022. The variables in the research are the disciplines of 50 m butterfly, 100 m butterfly and 200 m butterfly. The data were taken from the official websites of the World Aquatic (WA) and the Croatian Swimming Federation (HPS). The data were processed with the Statistica 14 software package for trend analysis. The development trend of the average results and the best results from the final races at the world and national championships was processed using multiple regression analysis. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the differences between the average and best results of the world and national championships in the specified period. The analysis of the development trend of results in the disciplines of butterfly technique among female swimmers in the finals of the world and national championships in the 50-meter pool in the period from 2006 to 2022 showed a linear increase in results in almost all disciplines, the only exception being found in the discipline of 200 m butterfly on world championships where there is a negative trend in the development of results. The null hypothesis was not confirmed. A comparison of the results of the national and world championships indicated a statistically significant difference in all disciplines
POSITION OF CROATIAN FOOTBALL CLUBS IN THE YUGOSLAV FOOTBALL LEAGUE ON THE EXAMPLE OF DINAMO AND HAJDUK
No full textPredmet ovog rada je položaj hrvatskih nogometnih klubova u jugoslavenskoj nogometnoj ligi. Politika i nogomet oduvijek su snažno povezani. Nogomet je kao najpopularniji sport na svijetu, u povijesti često korišten za promoviranje političkih ideologija. U radu je promatrano razdoblje Jugoslavije, a glavni cilj ovog rada je, pomoću različitih metoda istraživanja, dokazati nepovoljan položaj hrvatskog naroda i hrvatskog sporta (nogometa) u to vrijeme. Naglasak je stavljen na klubove Dinamo i Hajduk i na njihovom primjeru će se prikazati utjecaj politike na nogomet. Osim za nogomet i nogometaše, osnivanje navijačkih skupina tada ima veliki politički značaj, a u radu se govori upravo o skupinama dvaju najvećih hrvatskih klubova. Početak rata i neodigrana utakmica između Dinama i Crvene zvezde 1990. godine jedan je od niza događaja koji su obilježili raspad Jugoslavije, a koji je također obrađen u radu.The subject of this paper is the position of Croatian football clubs in the Yugoslav football league. Politics and football have always been strongly connected. Football, as the most popular sport in the world, has historically been used to promote political ideology. The paper examines the period of Yugoslavia, and the main goal of this paper is, using various research methods, to prove the unfavorable position of the Croatian people and Croatian sports at that time. Emphasis is placed on the clubs Dinamo and Hajduk, and their example will show the influence of politics on football at that time. In addition to football and football players, the establishment of fan groups then has great political significance, and the paper discusses the groups of the two largest Croatian clubs. The beginning of the war and the unplayed match between Dinamo and Crvena Zveda in 1990 are some of the events that marked the breakup od Yugoslavia
The impact of plant based nutrition on the quality of life of recreationists
No full textPrehrana je važan dio života svakog čovjeka i reflektira se ne samo na njegov tjelesni izgled već i na njegovo mentalno zdravlje i percepciju zadovoljstva životom. Primijećen je porast broja ljudi koji iz zdravstvenih, etičkih, ekoloških i ostalih razloga prelaze na dijete koje isključuju meso i životinjske proizvode. Rad daje uvid u različite bezmesne dijete te opisuje njihov sastav. Prikazani su kritični makro i mikro nutrijenti neophodni za optimalno funkcioniranje čovjekovog organizma. Istraženo je može li se isključivanjem životinjskih produkata postići dostatni unos svih potrebnih nutrijenata. Promjenom prehrambenih navika ljudi posežu za suplementima. U radu je predstavljena potrebna suplementacija deficitarnih nutrijenata. Prehrana u sinergiji s tjelesnom aktivnošću djeluje na kvalitetu života. Percepcija kvalitete života važna je za pojedinca, a jedan od primarnih faktora koji utječe na kvalitetu života je zdravlje. Promjena prehrambenih navika pozitivno utječe na mnogobrojne fizičke komponente zdravlja od kojih su glavne prevencija kroničnih bolesti i raka te mentalne komponente zdravlja od kojih je bitno spomenuti prevenciju manifestacije depresije i poboljšanje sveukupnog blagostanja (eng. well-being) te time poboljšanje funkcioniranja čovjeka u profesionalnom i socijalnom okruženju.Nutrition is an essential aspect of every individual's life and it reflects not only on their physical appearance but also on their mental health and overall quality of life. There has been noticed an increase in the number of people transitioning to diets that exclude meat and animal products for eather health, ethical, environmental, or other reasons. This paper provides insights into various meatless diets and describes their composition. Critical macro and micro nutrients necessary for optimal human functioning are presented. The research explores whether excluding animal products can achieve sufficient intake of all essential nutrients. As people change their dietary habits, they often turn to supplements. The paper introduces the necessary supplementation for deficient nutrients. Nutrition, in synergy with physical activity, impacts the quality of life. The perception of quality of life is crucial for individuals. Health is one of the primary factors influencing the quality of life. Changing dietary habits positively affects numerous physical health conditions, including the prevention of chronic diseases and cancer, as well as mental health conditions, including different types of depression manifestation. Oveall plant based nutrition enhances person's well-being and their functioning in their professional and social environment