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Possibility of revitalizing the "Barilović" exploitation field
No full textEksploatacijsko polje „Barilović“ je aktivno površinsko eksploatacijsko polje tehničkograđevnog
kamena. Smješteno je u Karlovačkoj županiji uz rijeku Koranu, između naselja
Barilovići i Šćulac. Oba naselja imaju slabiju povezanost s gradom Karlovcem, ali izniman
potencijal turističkog razvoja obzirom na prirodne vrijednosti i povijesne kulturne znamenitosti.
Sanacijom i revitalizacijom eksploatacijskog polja moguće je osigurati prostor koji će
sadržajem i funkcijom doprinijeti aktivnom korištenju te aktivirati socijalni i ekonomski
potencijal. Cilj rada je istražiti mogućnosti i metode revitalizacije degradiranih prostora te
izraditi prijedlog smjernica i sadržaja revitalizacije obuhvata, čime bi se doprinijelo lokalnoj
zajednici i turističkoj ponudi.The exploitation field "Barilović" is an active surface exploitation field of technical-building
stone. It is located in Karlovac County along the Korana River, between the villages of
Barilovići and Šćulac. Both settlements have a weaker connection with the city of Karlovac,
but exceptional potential for tourist development considering the natural values and historical
cultural sights. By rehabilitating and revitalizing the exploitation field, it is possible to provide
a space that will contribute to active use in terms of content and function and activate social
and economic potential. The aim of the work is to investigate the possibilities and methods of
revitalization of degraded areas and to create a proposal for the guidelines and content of the
revitalization of the area, which would contribute to the local community and the tourist offer
Prošek - the past, present and future
No full textSuvremeni napredak tehnologije proizvodnje vina omogućuje rast i razvoj proizvodnje
Prošeka u Republici Hrvatskoj. U ovom radu prikazani su osnovni koraci proizvodnje desertnog
vina Prošek i uvjeti čuvanja. Također, opisana je povijest i tradicija proizvodnje Prošeka od
prosušenog grožđa na području današnje Hrvatske uz različite lokalne i mjesne nazive za isti
proizvod. Uz povijest, navedene su i zakonske odredbe vezane uz Prošek te pravila proizvodnje,
čuvanja i prodaje. Navedeni su i objašnjeni osnovni problemi vezani uz prodaju proizvoda pod
nazivom Prošek. Također, navedena su područja najintenzivnije proizvodnje Prošeka, sorte
grožđa koje se koriste te metode proizvodnje.Modern progress in wine production technology enables the growth and development
of Prošek production in the Republic of Croatia. In this work, the basic steps of dessert wine
Prošek production and aging conditions are presented. Also, the history and tradition of Prošek
production from dried grapes in today's Croatia is described with different local and regional
names for the same product presented. In addition to the history, the legal definitions related to
Prošek and the rules of production, aging and sale are listed. The basic problems related to the
Prošek trade are explained. Also, the areas where Prošek is most intensively produced, grape
varieties used and production methods, are presented
Production and incubation of poultry hatching eggs
No full textCilj ovoga rada bio je opisati proizvodnju i inkubaciju jaja kokoši, pura i pataka. Također, opisati uvjete inkubacije te navesti prednosti i mane prirodne i umjetne inkubacije. Kokoši najranije počinju nesti i nesu najviše jaja, od 240 do 260 jaja u periodu od 44 do 48 tjedana. S druge strane pure i patke kasnije sazrijevaju te nesu manje jaja u sezoni. Patke snesu 220 – 240 jaja, dok pure snesu 100 - 120 jaja. Postoji prirodna i umjetna inkubacija. Prirodna koristi nagon ženke za sjedenjem na jajima i ona se uglavnom koristi na malim gospodarstvima dok se za umjetnu inkubaciju koriste inkubatori. Inkubatori mogu biti sobnog, ormarskog te tunelskog tipa, a još se mogu dijeliti na jednoslojne ili višeslojne. U njima se mikroklimatski uvjeti kontroliraju automatski i prilagođeni su vrsti jaja. Glavne prednosti umjetne inkubacije su velik kapacitet i potpuna kontrola mikroklimatskih uvjeta.The aim of this paper was to describe the production and incubation of chicken, turkey and duck eggs. Also, describe the incubation conditions and state the advantages and disadvantages of natural and artificial incubation. Hens start laying the earliest and lay the most eggs, from 240 to 260 eggs in a period of 44 to 48 weeks. On the other hand, turkeys and ducks mature later and lay fewer eggs in the season. Ducks lay 220-240 eggs, while turkeys lay 100-120 eggs. There is natural and artificial incubation. The natural one uses the female's instinct to sit on the eggs and it is mainly used on small farms, while incubators are used for artificial incubation. Incubators can be of the room, cabinet or tunnel type, and they can also be divided into single-layer or multi-layer. In them, the microclimatic conditions are controlled automatically and are adapted to the type of eggs. The main advantages of artificial incubation are large capacity and complete control of microclimatic conditions
Biochemical response of leaf to drought stress in traditional cultivars of potato
No full textSuša negativno utječe na biljke mijenjajući morfološke, fiziološke i metaboličke procese. Biljke izložene suši smanjuju relativni sadržaj vode u lišću, što utječe na stabilnost membrane i fotosintetske aktivnosti, a posljedično se povećava sinteza reaktivnih kisikovih vrsta (ROS), peroksidacija lipida i oštećenje membrane. Kako bi smanjile utjecaj suše biljke nakupljaju topive šećere, prolin te povećavaju enzimsku antioksidativnu aktivnost. Cilj ovog istraživanja je utvrditi utjecaj suše na sadržaj vodikovog peroksida, fotosintetskih pigmenata, prolina, malondialdehida te aktivnost antioksidacijskih enzima u listu pet tradicijskih kultivara krumpira. Stres suše značajno je utjecao na povećanje aktivnosti antioksidacijskih enzima te povećanje sadržaja prolina, vodikovog peroksida, malondialdehida te fotosintetskih pigmenata u listovima analiziranih kultivara krumpira.Drought negatively affects plants by changing morphological, physiological and metabolic processes. Plants exposed to drought reduce the relative water content in leaves, which affects membrane stability and photosynthetic activity, and consequently increases the synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and membrane damage. In order to reduce the impact of drought, plants accumulate soluble sugars, proline and increase enzymatic antioxidant activity. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of drought on the content of hydrogen peroxide, photosynthetic pigments, proline, malondialdehyde and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the leaves of five traditional potato cultivars. Drought stress significantly increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased the content of proline, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and photosynthetic pigments in potato leaves of tested cultivars
Relationship of Physical Properties and Macronutrient Composition with Carotenoid Profile in Maize Hybrids
No full textMaize hybrids with higher vitreousness contain a higher carotenoid content; however, the relationship between the carotenoid profile and the physical and chemical properties related to vitreousness has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among the physical properties (kernel size, hardness, density and bulk density), macronutrient composition (crude protein and fat, starch, amylose, amylopectin and zein) and carotenoid profile (individual, total, α- and β-branch carotenoids and xanthophylls) in the grain of 15 maize hybrids. The tested hybrids displayed high variability for most analyzed traits. Three hybrids were characterized by the predominance of β-branch over α-branch carotenoids, while others showed a more uniform content of both fractions. The kernel hardness was associated with the bulk density, flotation index, kernel sphericity, crude protein and zein content. Hybrids with a higher kernel hardness and associated traits had a higher content of zeaxanthin and other β-branch carotenoids, as well as the total carotenoids. In contrast, lutein and α-branch carotenoids were related to the crude protein and amylopectin content only. The findings of the present study confirmed that kernel hardness is associated with β-branch carotenoids and provided further insight into the relationship between the carotenoid profile and commonly analyzed grain quality properties in maize hybrids. The production of higher quality maize hybrids implies a higher nutritional value of the grain due to the higher carotenoid content
Mobile business in agriculture
No full textBrzi i stalan razvoj tehnologije zahtijeva i od poljoprivrednika praćenje trendova kako bi unaprijedio poslovanje. Niz aplikacija dostupnih za poslovanje u pokretu omogućuju jednostavno i brzo obavljanje aktivnosti, bilježenje i kontroliranje troškova te niz drugih važnih procesa u poslovanju jednog OPG-a. Implementiranjem takvih tehnologija povećava se produktivnost gospodarstva i omogućava se lakši pristup informacijama, smanjuju se transakcijski troškovi, poboljšava se isporuka usluga, generiraju se novi prihodi te uvelike štede postojeći resursi. U ovom radu će se predstaviti prednosti korištenja mobilnog poslovanja kroz primjere iz prakse.The rapid and constant development of technology requires farmers to follow trends in order to improve their business. A number of applications available for business on the go enable simple and quick activities, recording and controlling costs and a number of other important processes in the business of an OPG. Implementing such technologies increases the productivity of the economy is increased and easier access to information is enabled, transaction costs are reduced, service delivery is improved, new revenues are generated and existing resources are greatly saved. In this paper, the advantage of using mobile business will be presented through a few examples
Health risks for high yiealding dairy sheep breeds
No full textU posljednje vrijeme na području Hrvatske primijećen je sve veći interes za intenzivnom proizvodnjom ovčjeg mlijeka i korištenjem visokomliječnih inozemnih pasmina. Jedna od glavnih prepreka uspješne intenzivne proizvodnje jesu bolesti kojima mliječne ovce podliježu. Većina bolesti javlja se uslijed lošeg menadžmenta stada očitovanog povećanim mortalitetom i smanjenom proizvodnjom mlijeka. Za uspješno vođenje mliječne farme nužno je poznavati hranidbene potrebe ovaca u različitim fiziološkim stadijima u svrhu prevencije pojave metaboličkih poremećaja – naročito u fazi rane laktacije i kasnog graviditeta. Većina zaraznih i parazitarnih bolesti prevenira se provođenjem profilakse, održavanjem higijene staje i pružanjem optimalnih smještajnih i mikroklimatskih uvjeta. Posebna pažnja treba se pridati procesu mužnje. Loša higijena tijekom mužnje u kombinaciji s prljavom steljom najčešći je razlog mastitisa – jednog od glavnih uzročnika smanjene proizvodnje i narušene kvalitete mlijeka.In recent years, there has been a growing interest in intensive sheep milk production and the use of high yielding foreign milk breeds in Croatia. One of the main obstacles to achieving successful intensive milk production are the diseases to which dairy sheep are susceptible. Most diseases occur due to inadequate herd management which results in increased mortality and reduced milk production. To successfully manage a dairy farm it is essential to understand the nutritional needs of sheep at different physiological stages in order to prevent the occurance of metabolic disorders—especially in the stages of early lactation and late pregnancy. Most infectious and parasitic diseases can be prevented through prophylaxis, regular maintainance of barn hygiene and by providing sheep with optimal housing and microclimatic conditions. Special attention should be given to the milking process. Poor hygiene during milking combined with dirty bedding is the main cause of mastitis – one of the most common reasons for reduced production and degraded milk quality
The Nutritional Potential of Avocado By-Products: A Focus on Fatty Acid Content and Drying Processes
No full textThe aim of this study was to analyze the content of fatty acids and tocopherols in various components (pulp, seeds, peel) of avocado (Persea americana), which are often neglected as by-products. In addition, the effects of different drying processes on these components were investigated and the health benefits of the main fatty acids contained in avocados were highlighted. The samples were subjected to three drying processes: hot air (HAD), vacuum (VD), and hot-air microwave (HAMD). In all parts of fresh avocado, oleic acid was the most abundant (41.28–57.93%), followed by palmitic acid (19.90–29.45%) and linoleic acid (8.44–14.95%). Drying led to a significant reduction in the oleic acid content, with palmitic acid showing the greatest stability. HAD resulted in higher levels of oleic acid and linoleic acid in dried pulp and peel samples compared with VD and HAMD, while HAMD had the highest content of α-linolenic acid in all parts. In addition, HAMD had the shortest drying time. HAMD duration was 35 min, which was 76.7% shorter than HAD (150 min) and 82.5% shorter than VD (200 min). Considering fatty acid retention and drying efficiency, HAMD appears to have been the most effective method, especially for the avocado peel. Remarkably, the avocado peel consistently contained higher total tocopherol, with δ-tocopherol generally being the most abundant form. The high content of tocopherols, oleic acid, and linoleic acid in the avocado peel suggests promising health benefits
Variability of vegetative and generative grapevine potential within the production vineyards of wine-growing subregion Pleševica
No full textProstorna varijabilnost unutar vinograda utječe na mnoge parametre povezane uz kvalitetu grožđa, a posljedica toga je da je teško predvidjeti prinos i kakvoću grožđa i mošta. Ciljanim upravljanjem možemo dobiti uniformne zone unutar vinograda ili kvalitativno različite zone grožđa koje možemo prilagoditi specifičnom tržištu. Precizno vinogradarstvo je važan faktor u povećanju prediktivnosti u uzgoju koji ima za cilj povećati kvalitetu grožđa i profitabilnost. U ovom se istraživanju proučavala varijabilnost vegetativnog i generativnog potencijala sorte 'Pinot crni' u vinogradima Tomac i Šember smještenih u vinogorju Plešivica – Okić, podregije Plešivica, 2020. godine. Na ciljanim trsovima utvrđeni su pokazatelji uroda grožđa - broj grozdova po trsu, prosječna masa grozda (g) te prinos po trsu (kg). Kemijskom analizom mošta prema metodama O.I.V.-a (2001) dobiveni su parametri kakvoće grožđa - koncentracija šećera, sadržaj ukupnih kiselina te pH vrijednost. Bujnost vinove loze opisana je pomoću Ravazovog indeksa te sadržaja dušika (N) u suhoj tvari lista. Rezultati su pokazali da je u vinogradima Tomac i Šember prisutna izražena prostorna varijabilnost u prinosu, bujnosti i kakvoći grožđa. Koncentracija šećera, sadržaj ukupnih kiselina i pH vrijednost pokazali su prostornu varijabilnost te su označene kvalitativno povoljne zone (zone s višom koncentracijom šećera i nižim sadržajem ukupnih kiselina) te kvalitativno nepovoljne zone u kojima su izražene niže koncentracije šećera i više ukupne kiseline. Prema pokazateljima uroda vidljiva je korelacija između manjeg prinosa grožđa i zona visoke kvalitete te između višeg prinosa i zona niske kvalitete grožđa. Prema dobivenim vrijednostima za Ravazov indeks vinograda Šember, manje od polovice promatranih trsova pokazalo je znakove neravnoteže, odnosno pretjerano visoke bujnosti koja za posljedicu ima prosječno manji prinos, ali i višu kvalitetu grožđa.Spatial variability within vineyards affects various grape quality parameters and as a consequence it is difficult to predict yield and quality of grapes and grape juice. With precise vineyard management we can form uniform zones within vineyard or qualitatively different grape zones that we can adjust to specific markets. Precision viticulture is an important factor in increasing predictability in growing, that has a goal to increase the quality of grapes and profitability. In this research we studied the variability of vegetative and generative potential of ‘Pinot noir’ variety in Tomac and Šember vineyards that are located in wine-growing area Plešivica – Okić in subregion Plešivica, in year 2020. Grape yield indicators were established on sampled vines – number of grapes per vine, average grape weight (g) and yield per vine (kg). Chemical analysis of grape juice according to O.I.V. (2001) showed grape quality parameters – sugar content, titratable acidity content and pH values. Vine vigour was described with Ravaz Index and nitrogen (N) content in dry leaf matter. Results have shown that there is a pronounced spatial variability present in Tomac and Šember vineyards in yield, vigour and grape quality. Sugar content, titratable acidity content and pH value have shown spatial variability and higher quality zones have been marked (zones with higher sugar content and lower titratable acidity values) as well as lower quality zones with lower sugar content and higher titratable acidity. Grape yield indicators have shown a correlation between lower grape yield and high quality zones and between higher grape yield and low quality zones. According to Ravaz Index values of Šember vineyard, less than half of tested vines showed signs of imbalance, that is excessively high vigour, that as a consequence gives low yield but also higher grape quality
Morphometric characteristics and meat colour of the Cres sheep
No full textCilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi morfometrijske odlike trupova i boju mesa izlučenih rasplodnih ovaca pasmine creska ovca te usporediti dobivene rezultate s pasminama slične proizvodne namjene. Istraživanjem je bilo obuhvaćeno 10 creskih ovaca u dobi od 5 do 7 godina s jednog gospodarstva na otoku Cresu. Ovce su bile podvrgnute standardnim postupcima klaoničke obrade i određivanju morfometrijskih pokazatelja. Klaonička masa trupova bila je u rasponu od 14 do 26 kg, s prosječnom vrijednošću od 19,57 kg. Prosječna duljina trupa iznosila je 84,50 cm, dok je duljina polovice bila 75,40 cm. Na temelju utvrđenih morfometrijskih mjera, svrstava se u pasmine osrednje veličine tjelesnog okvira. Slična je izvornim mediteranskim pasminama poput sardinijske ovce, nešto je krupnija od paške ovce, a manjeg je tjelesnog okvira u usporedbi s istarskom ovcom i travničkom pramenkom. Izmjereni pokazatelji boje mesa (L* 42,88, a* 25,77 i b* 10,16) na m. longissimus dorsi (MLD) bili su u granicama do sada utvrđenih vrijednosti kod ovaca, pri čemu je meso tamno crvene boje, karakteristično za odrasle ovce.The aim of this study was to determine the morphometric characteristics of carcasses and meat color of culled breeding ewes of the Cres sheep breed and to compare the results with breeds of similar production purposes. The study included 10 Cres sheep aged 5 to 7 years from a single farm on the island of Cres. The sheep were subjected to standard slaughtering procedures and morphometric measurements. Carcass weights ranged from 14 to 26 kg, with an average weight of 19.57 kg. The average carcass length was 84.50 cm, while the half-carcass length was 75.40 cm. Based on the determined morphometric measurements, Cres sheep are classified as a medium-framed breed. They are similar to indigenous Mediterranean breeds like the Sardinian sheep, slightly larger than the Pag sheep, but smaller in body size compared to the Istrian sheep and Travnik Pramenka. The measured indicators of meat color (L* 42.88, a* 25.77 and b* 10.16) on the m. longissimus dorsi (MLD) were within the limits of the repatriated values for sheep, whereby the meat is of a dark red color, characteristically for adult sheep