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Slow marketing in agrobusiness : case study on a wine "Vrijeme je za tvoje vrijeme" from Arman Franc winery
No full textOd industrijske revolucije na ovamo, svijet se razvija velikom brzinom, a svakodnevnom čovjeku, okupiranom poslom, obitelji, troškovima života, brigom o zdravlju, postaje preteško pratiti takav ritam. Brzina u postizanju što je moguće boljih rezultata prisutna je i u poslovnom svijetu. Međutim, dio ljudi razvio je svojevrstan otpor prema takvom načinu života. Rezultiralo je takozvanim Sporim pokretima poput spore hrane, sporog turizma ili sporih gradova, engl. Cittaslow. U konačnici se proširilo i na marketing, stvarajući jedan novi pravac, spori marketing. U cilju mu je maknuti fokus s ostvarivanje što je moguće većeg profita u što kraćem roku. Naglašava vrijeme i stvaranje dugoročnih odnosa s kupcima kao preduvjet za poslovni uspjeh. Osim što je prisutan u svijetu, načela sporog marketinga, bio poslovni svijet s njima u potpunosti upoznat ili ne, mogu se pronaći i u poslovanju pojedinih subjekata u Hrvatskoj. Jedan od njih je i istarski vinar Oliver Arman koji je osmislio posebno pakiranje za vino koje se otvara devedeset dana od kupnje. Njime želi prenijeti poruku kako je za stvaranje dobrog vina potrebno vrijeme, ali je jednako tako vrijeme, kojeg ponekad premalo cijenimo, potrebno i svima nama. Uz gospodina Olivera, spori marketing u svom poslovanju primjenjuje i gospodin Mladen Rožanić, vlasnik vinarije Roxanich, koji na vina gleda kao na 'živi' proizvod, kojemu najvažniju komponentu tijekom njegova razvojnog procesa, čini vrijeme.Ever since the industrial revolution, the world has been moving at such a fast pace that it is becoming too difficult for everyday people, occupied with work, family, costs of living and health, to keep up. The rush to achieve the best possible results is also present in the business world. However, some people have developed a resistance to such a way of life. This resulted in movements like the Slow Movement or Slow Cities, also known as Cittaslow. Eventually it expanded into marketing, creating a new direction, slow marketing. The aim is to shift the focus from making as much profit as possible in the shortest possible time. It emphasizes time and creating long-term relationships with customers as a prerequisite for business success. In addition to being present in the world, the principles of slow marketing, whether the business world is fully aware of them or not, can also be found in the business of certain entities in Croatia. One of them is the Istrian winemaker Oliver Arman, who has designed a special packaging for wine that opens ninety days after purchase. He wants to convey the message that it takes time to make good wine, but just as much time, which we sometimes underestimate, is needed by all of us. Slow marketing is also implemented in the work of Roxanich Winery. Its owner, Mladen Rožanić describes wines as 'alive' products and time is the most important component in the wine development process
Impact of the harvest date on the composition and content of volatile compounds in grapes of the 'Sauvignon bijeli' variety
No full textFiziološke i biokemijske promjene tijekom dozrijevanja grožđa uključuju sintezu šećera, polifenola i hlapljivih spojeva te razgradnju organskih kiselina. Raniji rokovi berbe, prije nego što je grožđe dosegnulo tehnološku zrelost, povezani su sa svježijim vinima niže alkoholne jakosti, visokim udjelom kiselina, svjetlijim i živahnim bojama, ali i negativnim zelenim aromama. Kasniji rokovi berbe mogu ugroziti kvalitetu vina smanjenjem kiselosti, povećanjem pH, gubitkom ili modifikacijom voćnih i cvjetnih mirisa. Odabir optimalnog roka berbe važna je odluka u uzgoju grožđa i proizvodnji vina te omogućuje vinarima modifikaciju senzornog profila i kvalitetu budućeg vina. Za potrebe ovog rada analiziran je sastav i sadržaj hlapljivih spojeva u grožđu sorte 'Sauvignon bijeli'. Uzorkovanje je provedeno u tri roka berbe, a ustanovljeno je da je rok berbe imalo utjecaj na osnovne kemijske parametre grožđa i sadržaj estera, C13 norizoprenoida, masnih kiselina i ukupnih hlapljivih spojeva, dok nije ustanovljena promjena u sadržaju ukupnih aldehida, viših alkohola, hlapljivih fenola i terpena.Physiological and biochemical changes during the ripening of grapes include the synthesis of sugars, polyphenols and volatile compounds and the breakdown of all organic acids. Earlier harvest dates, before the grapes have reached technological maturity, are associated with fresh wines of lower alcohol strength, high acid content, brighter and more lively colors, but also negative green aromas. Later harvest dates can decrease wine quality by reducing acidity, increasing pH, losing or modifying fruity and floral aromas. Choosing the optimal harvest date is an important decision in grape growing and wine production because it enables winemakers to modify the sensory profile and quality of the future wine. For the purposes of this work, the composition and content of volatile compounds in grapes of the 'Sauvignon white' variety were analyzed. Sampling was carried out in three harvest dates, and it was found that the harvest date had an influence on the basic chemical parameters of grapes and the content of esters, C13 norisoprenoids, fatty acids and total volatile compounds, while no change was found in the content of total aldehydes, higher alcohols, volatile phenols and terpenes
Status of macroelements and microelements in apple leaves during hydroponic cultivation after exclusion of some nutrients
No full textU intenzivnoj proizvodnji jabuka jedan od limitirajućih čimbenika je pravilna i ravnomjerna ishrana. Ukoliko se uzgoj ne odvija u supstratima s kontroliranom fertigacijom, najveća prepreka je različita dostupnost i količina određenih hraniva. Kako drvenaste kulture sadrže određene zalihe hraniva, pojava simptoma nedostataka može biti skrivena neko vrijeme, stoga je jako važna brzina prepoznavanja karakterističnog simptoma u ranoj fazi pojave i ciljana intervencija. Cij ovog istraživanja je ispitivanje utjecaja izostanka određenih elemenata u ishrani na usvajanje i koncentraciju biogenih elemenata u biljnom materijalu. Nasad jabuka sorte 'Braeburn' fertigiran je Hoaglandovom otopinom kojoj su u 3 različita tretmana izuzeti po dušik, magnezij i željezo, uz uzgoj i u potpunoj Hoaglandovoj otopini. Obradom podataka dobivenih analizom biljnog materijala dobivena je informacija o koncentraciji svih elemenata u uzorcima. Količine dušika u biljnom materijalu su se kretale od 1,13 do 2,63% suhe tvari, a izostanak dušika utjecao je na sve promatrane elemente. Količine magnezija su se kretale od 0,25 do 0,50 % Mg suhe tvari i izostanak magnezija je utjecao na količine fosfora i bakra. Količine željeza su se kretale od 56,6 do 157,6 mg Fe/kg suhe tvari, a izostanak željeza utjecao na dušik, kalcij, kalij, magnezij, cink i mangan. Analizom dobivenih podataka je zaključeno da svi izostavljeni elementi imaju utjecaj na količinu usvajanja ostalih elemenata iz otopine, osobito izostanak dušika.In the intensive production of apples, one of the limiting factors is proper and balanced nutrition. If cultivation does not take place in substrates with controlled fertigation, the biggest obstacle is the different availability and quantity of certain nutrients. As woody crops contain certain nutrient reserves, the appearance of deficiency symptoms can be hidden for some time, therefore the speed of recognizing characteristic symptoms in the early stages of appearance and targeted intervention are very important. The aim of this research is to examine the impact of the absence of certain elements in the diet on the uptake and concentration of biogenic elements in plant material. The 'Braeburn' apple orchard was fertilized with Hoagland's solution, in which nitrogen, magnesium and iron were removed in 3 different treatments, in addition to growing in complete Hoagland's solution. By processing the data obtained from the analysis of the plant material, information was obtained on the concentration of all elements in the samples. The amounts of nitrogen in plant material ranged from 1.13 to 2.63 % of dry matter, and the absence of nitrogen affected all observed elements. The amounts of magnesium ranged from 0.25 to 0.50 % Mg in dry matter and the absence of magnesium affected the amounts of phosphorus and copper. The amounts of iron ranged from 56.6 to 157.6 mg Fe/kg in dry matter, and the absence of iron affected nitrogen, calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc and manganese. The analysis of the obtained data concluded that all omitted elements have an influence on the amount of absorption of other elements from the solution, especially the absence of nitrogen
Effectiveness of treatment of sugar beet seed with insecticides on beet flea beetle and sugar beet weevil
No full textProizvodnja šećerne repe u Hrvatskoj ekonomski je značajna gospodarska djelatnost čiju proizvodnju mogu ugroziti različiti štetnici. Repin buhač i repina pipa najznačajniji su štetnici šećerne repe u ranim fazama njezinog razvoja. Ukoliko se pojave u velikom broju, mogu u potpunosti uništiti usjev već na početku vegetacije. Radi ukidanja dozvole za uporabu neonikotinoida za tretiranje svih poljoprivrednih usjeva, pa tako i šećerne repe, proizvođači su primorani koristiti druge, alternativne metode, kako bi zaštitili usjev. Jedna od potencijalnih metoda zaštite sjetva je otpornih genotipova i tretiranje sjemena ekološki prihvatljivijim insekticidima. Istraživanje je provedeno u laboratoriju Zavoda za poljoprivrednu zoologiju s odraslim oblikom repinog buhača i repine pipe prikupljenim na području Požeško-slavonske županije. Tijekom trajanja istraživanja utvrđivana je učinkovitost tretmana sjemena različitim insekticidima i njihovim kombinacijama (klasični i biološki tretman), s ukupno 18 varijanti sjemena. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da genotip 3 (varijanta sa sporim klijanjem) ima manja oštećenja od preostala dva genotipa. Također, alternativne metode poput korištenja ekološki prihvatljivih insekticida azadiraktina, flupiradifurona i piretrina daju zadovoljavajuće rezultate pri zaštiti šećerne repe od štetnika tijekom kritične faze razvoja (BBCH 12). Ovo istraživanje ističe važnost uvođenja novih djelatnih tvari, pozitivne ekotoksikološke prirode s ciljem zaštite šećerne repe i povećanja prinosa korijena uz očuvanje ekosustava i zdravlja ljudi.Sugar beet production in Croatia is an economically significant economic activity whose production can be threatened by various pests. The beet flea beetle and sugar beet weevil are the most important pests of sugar beet in the early stages of its development. If they appear in large numbers, they can completely destroy the crop already at the beginning of the growing season. Due to the cancellation of the license for the use of neonicotinoids for the treatment of all agricultural crops, including sugar beets, producers are forced to use other, alternative methods to protect the crop. One of the potential methods of seed protection is resistant genotypes and seed treatment with more environmentally friendly insecticides. The research was conducted in the laboratory of the Institute of Agricultural Zoology with the adult form of the beet flea beetle and sugar beet weevilcollected in the Požega-Slavonia County. During the research, the effectiveness of seed treatment with different insecticides and their combinations (classical and biological treatment) was determined, with a total of 18 seed varieties. The research results show that genotype 3 (variant with slow germination) shows less damage than the other two genotypes. Also, alternative methods such as the use of environmentally acceptable insecticides azadirachtin, flupyradifuron and pyrethyrin give satisfactory results in protecting sugar beet from pests during the critical phase of development (BBCH 12). This research highlights the importance of introducing new active ingredients, of a positive ecotoxicological nature, with the aim of protecting sugar beet and increasing high-quality yields while preserving the ecosystem and human health
Analysis of the annual trend of soil temperature in Croatia over a 30-year period
No full textRad se bavi analizom godišnjeg hoda temperature tla u Hrvatskoj tijekom 30-godišnjeg razdoblja (1991.-2020.) u tri poljoprivredne regije: Panonskoj, Gorskoj i Jadranskoj. Cilj istraživanja je analizirati promjene minimalnih, maksimalnih i prosječnih godišnjih temperatura tla na različitim dubinama (5 cm, 20 cm, 50 cm, 100 cm) te procijeniti njihov utjecaj na poljoprivrednu proizvodnju. Metode uključuju analizu podataka prikupljenih s meteoroloških postaja u Hrvatskoj i izračun statistički značajnih trendova pomoću programa Microsoft Excel i Statistica 12.0. Uočeni su pozitivni trendovi porasta temperature tla, posebno u proljetnim i ljetnim mjesecima, s najvećim porastom u Jadranskoj regiji. Zaključeno je da klimatske promjene značajno utječu na porast temperature tla, što može ubrzati fenološke faze biljaka, povećati rizik od suše i emisije CO2 iz tla, te zahtijevati prilagodbu poljoprivrednih praksi u Hrvatskoj.The paper analyzes the annual temperature trends of soil in Croatia over a 30-year period (1991-2020) across three agricultural regions: Pannonian, Mountainous, and Adriatic. The aim of the research is to examine changes in minimum, maximum, and average annual soil temperatures at various depths (5 cm, 20 cm, 50 cm, 100 cm) and to assess their impact on agricultural production. The methods include the analysis of data collected from meteorological stations in Croatia and the calculation of statistically significant trends using Microsoft Excel and Statistica 12.0. Positive trends in soil temperature increase were observed, particularly during the spring and summer months, with the highest increases in the Adriatic region. It is concluded that climate change significantly affects the rise in soil temperature, which may accelerate the phenological phases of plants, increase the risk of drought and CO2 emissions from the soil, and require adjustments to agricultural practices in Croatia
Monitoring the growth of wine microcuttings in tissue culture
No full textVinova loza, kultura iznimnog značaja, proširena u svim dijelovima svijeta, već duži niz godina predmet je istraživanja u in vitro uvjetima radi rješavanja problema koje vinogradarstvo susreće u praksi. Za svaki pojedini genotip traži se metoda koja bi ubrzala multiplikaciju u kontroliranim uvjetima. Uzgoj kulture u in vitro uvjetima znači uzgoj u staklu, drugim riječima, podrazumijeva uzgoj biljaka u kontroliranim uvjetima pod konstantnom temperaturom i vlagom na hranjivim podlogama. Sastav hranjive podloge značajno utječe na rast i razvoj uzgajane kulture. Ovaj rad se temelji na istraživanju utjecaja pojedinih hranjivih podloga na rast mikroreznica vinove loze sorti: Chardonnay, Graševina, Grk i Pošip, te dva genotipa nastala križanjem dviju sorata: GRP‐33 i DRP‐7. Sorte se međusobno razlikuju u brzini rasta mikroreznica u in vitro uvjetima, a MS hranjiva podloga se pokazala pogodnija za rast od CP hranjive podloge. Analizom rezultata utvrđena je signifikantna razlika u visini mikroreznica između genotipova GRP‐33, DRP‐7 i Chardonnay u prvom pokusu, kao i između genotipova Grk, Pošip i Graševina u drugom pokusu. Usporedbom vrijednosti drugog parametra, broja nodija, nema značajnih razlika ni kod jedne od praćenih skupina genotipova.The grapevine, a culture of exceptional importance, expanded in all parts of the world, has been the subject of research in vitro for many years to solve the problems that viticulture encounters in practice. For each individual genotype, a method is sought that would accelerate multiplication under controlled conditions. Cultivation of culture in in vitro conditions means cultivation in glass, in other words, it implies cultivation of plants under controlled conditions under constant temperature and humidity on nutrient media. The composition of the nutrient medium significantly affects the growth and development of the cultivated culture. This work is based on the research of the influence of certain nutrient media on the growth of microcuttings of grapevine varieties: Chardonnay, Graševina, Grk and Pošip, and two genotypes created by crossing two varieties: GRP‐33 and DRP‐7. Varieties differ from each other in the growth rate of microcuttings in in vitro conditions, and the MS nutrient medium proved to be more suitable for growth than the CP nutrient medium. Analysis of the results revealed a significant difference in the height of microcuttings between the genotypes GRP‐33, DRP‐7 and Chardonnay in the first experiment, as well as between the genotypes Grk, Pošip and Graševina in the second experiment. By comparing the values of the second parameter, the number of nodes, there are no significant differences in any of the monitored groups of genotypes
Grape and wine production in the Republic of Croatia for the year 2022.
No full textOvaj rad prikazuje hrvatsko vinogradarstvo i vinarstvo u 2022. godini. Sažeto prikazuje povijest vinarstva i vinogradarstva te glavne vodeće sorte. Sadrži podatke o parcelama i površinama vinograda te opisuje glavne karakteristike svake Hrvatske vinogradarsko-vinarske podregije. Prikazani su svi potrebni podatci za pojedine županije te njihova vinska proizvodnja i generalno stanje zaliha vina u Republici Hrvatskoj u 2022. godini.This final work presents Croatian grape and wine production for the year 2022. It show's history of grape and wine production and leading variety. It contains data about vine surface´s, and it describes main characteristics for each of Croatian subregion. It also show's data about each county, their production and general state of stocks in Croatia for the year 2022
Breeding of Carniolan queens
No full textUzgoj matica moguć je na razne načine, a danas postoje razne metode i tehnike uzgoja matica s različitim prednostima i nedostacima. Za proizvodnju kvalitetnih matica potrebno je poznavati ispravne postupke u uzgoju i posjedovanje popratne opreme za uzgoj. Kod samog presađivanja ličinki potrebno je imati dobro istrenirano oko i mirnu ruku kako bi se presađivanje odradilo na što bolji način. Da bi pčele prihvatile presađene matičnjake potrebno je kvalitetno pripremiti odgajivačke zajednice tako da što veći broj ličinki bude prihvaćen. Uz sam uzgoj matica potrebno je paralelno uzgajanje trutova kojima je glavna uloga oplodnja mladih matica. Cijeli ovaj proces od samog presađivanja ličinki pa do sparivanja matice je dosta kompleksan i zahtijeva pozornost pčelara da bi se dobile kvalitetne matice.Breeding of queen bees is possible in many ways as there are various methods and techniques of breeding queens with different advantages and disadvantages. For the production of quality queens, you need to know the right breeding procedures and have the accompanying breeding equipment. While grafting the larvae itself, it's necessary to have a sharp eye and a steady hand so the grafting is done in the best potential way. In order for the bees to accept grafted queens, it is necessary to prepare breeding colonies in such way that the largest number of larvae can be accepted. In addition to breeding queens, it is necessary to grow the drones in parallel, whose main role is to fertilize the queen. This whole process, from transplanting the larvae to the breeding of the queen, is quite complex and requires the attention of the beekeeper in order to gain quality queens
Influence of greenwashing on consumer awareness during decision making about food products with ecological labels
No full textSve veća ekološka osviještenost potrošača prehrambenih proizvoda potaknula je industriju na
korištenje zelenih i održivih praksi. Jedan od ključnih alata koji koriste kako bi se zadobilo
povjerenja potrošača su oznake kvalitete na ambalaži prehrambenih proizvoda. Međutim, neke
tvrtke nisu prilagodile svoje poslovanje nego koriste manipulativne tvrdnje kako bi zavarali
potrošače i potaknule ih na kupnju njihovih proizvoda. Te nepoštene prakse nazivaju se
greenwashing. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio utvrditi, uz pomoć konceptualnog modela Zepede i
Deala (2009), utjecaj svijesti o greenwashingu na odluke kupaca o kupnji proizvoda s
ekološkim oznakama. Provedeno je kombinirano istraživanje na uzorku od 200 potrošača
ekoloških proizvoda, test proizvoda i anketno istraživanje. Rezultati test proizvoda pokazuju
kako potrošači nakon informacije o greenwashingu skloniji su odabiru proizvoda certificiranih
EU oznakom ekološkog proizvoda i generičkih proizvoda, a značajno se smanjio odabiru
proizvoda s nepoznatom eko oznakom. Isto tako, nakon tretmana s greenwashingom došlo je
do promjene stava potrošača i percipirane vrijednosti proizvoda s eko oznakama. Smanjena je
važnost označavanja kvalitete proizvoda pri kupnji i povjerenje u te oznake što potvrđuje da
greenwashinga šteti svim tvrtkama na tržištu, a ne samo manipulativnim tvrtkama.The growing environmental awareness of food consumers has encouraged the industry to use
green and sustainable practices. One of the key tools used to gain consumer trust are quality
labels on food packaging. However, some companies have not adjusted their business but use
manipulative claims to deceive consumers and encourage them to buy their products. These
unfair practices are called greenwashing. The aim of this research was to determine, with the
help of Zepeda and Deal's (2009) conceptual model, the influence of awareness of
greenwashing on customers' decisions to purchase products with ecological labels. Combined
research was conducted on a sample of 200 consumers of ecological products, product test and
survey research. The results of the product test show that after information about greenwashing,
consumers tend to choose products certified with the EU eco-label and generic products, and
the selection of products with an unknown eco-label has significantly decreased. Likewise, after
the greenwashing treatment, there was a change in the state of consumers and the perceived
value of products with eco labels. The importance of marking the quality of products when
purchasing and trust in these markings has been reduced, which confirms that greenwashing
harms all companies on the market, not just manipulative companies
Validation of sampling for the analysis of nutrients in urban surface water: a case study of the Črnomerec stream
No full textIstraživanje je imalo dva cilja: odrediti prostornu i vremensku varijabilnost kakvoće vode potoka Črnomerec (Zagreb, Hrvatska) te ocijeniti validacijske pokazatelje uzorkovanja površinskih voda na primjeru ovog potoka. Uzorkovanje je provedeno na pet lokacija duž potoka od travnja do kolovoza 2024. godine, u skladu s normom HRN EN ISO 5667-6:2016. U laboratoriju su analizirani ključni parametri kao što su pH, električna vodljivost (EC), koncentracije dušika iz sume nitrata i nitrita (NO3NO2-N) i fosfora iz ortofosfata (PO4-P). Rezultati su pokazali varijabilnost kakvoće vode ovisno o lokaciji i vremenu, s povišenim koncentracijama NO3NO2-N i PO4-P u nizvodnim dijelovima potoka, što može upućivati na urbane aktivnosti. Vrijednosti pH su varirale od blago alkalnih u gornjim dijelovima do kiselijih u donjim dijelovima toka, dok je električna vodljivost bila veća nizvodno. Validacijski pokus potvrdio je visoku preciznost i ponovljivost uzorkovanja. Za precizniju validaciju pokazatelja hranjiva kao što su dušik i fosfor, preporuča se odabir lokacija s većim razlikama u koncentracijama, posebice onih gdje su vrijednosti ortofosfata iznad granice kvantifikacije korištenih instrumenata.The research had two main objectives: to determine the spatial and temporal variability of the water quality in the Črnomerec stream (Zagreb, Croatia) and to evaluate the validation indicators of surface water sampling using this stream as a case study. Sampling was conducted at five locations along the stream from April to August 2024, following the HRN EN ISO 5667-6:2016 standard. Key parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity (EC), concentrations of nitrogen from the sum of nitrates and nitrites (NO3NO2-N), and phosphorus from orthophosphates (PO4-P) were analyzed in the laboratory.
The results showed variability in water quality depending on location and time, with elevated concentrations of NO3NO2-N and PO4-P in the downstream sections of the stream, potentially indicating the influence of urban activities. pH values ranged from slightly alkaline in the upper sections to more acidic conditions in the lower sections, while electrical conductivity was higher downstream. The validation experiment confirmed high precision and repeatability of the sampling. For a more accurate validation of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, it is recommended to select locations with greater differences in concentrations, particularly those where orthophosphate values exceed the quantification limit of the instruments used