Faculty of Mining, Geology and Petroleum Engineering Repository
Not a member yet
2190 research outputs found
Sort by
TNT equivalence while calculating seismic impact of blasting : master's thesis
No full textEksplozivne tvari su kemijski spojevi ili smjese koje imaju sposobnost da detoniraju pod utjecajem vanjskog, energetskog impulsa. Za bolje razumijevanje karakteristika nekog eksploziva, valja imati referencu, odnosno eksploziv sa čijim bi se svojstvima usporedila svojstva promatranog eksploziva. Zato se računa TNT ekvivalent. Za potrebe ovog rada analizirat će se TNT ekvivalent u smislu brzine oscilacija prilikom miniranja.Explosive substances are chemical compounds or mixtures that could detonate under the influence of an external, energetic impulse. For a better understanding of the characteristics of an explosive, it is necessary to have a reference, that is, an explosive with whose properties the properties of the observed explosive would be compared. That is why the TNT equivalent is calculated. For the purposes of this work, the TNT equivalent will be analyzed in terms of the speed of oscillations during blasting
Soil–water dynamics investigation at agricultural hillslope with high-precision weighing lysimeters and soil–water collection systems
No full textA quantitative understanding of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) and soil–water dynamics in a hillslope agroecosystem is vital for sustainable water resource management and soil conservation; however, the complexity of processes and conditions involving lateral subsurface flow (LSF) can be a limiting factor in the full comprehension of hillslope soil–water dynamics. The research was carried out at SUPREHILL CZO located on a hillslope agroecosystem (vineyard) over a period of two years (2021–2022) by combining soil characterization and field hydrological measurements, including weighing lysimeters, sensor measurements, and LSF collection system measurements. Lysimeters were placed on the hilltop and the footslope, both having a dynamic controlled bottom boundary, which corresponded to field pressure head measurements, to mimic field soil–water dynamics. Water balance components between the two positions on the slope were compared with the goal of identifying differences that might reveal hydrologically driven differences due to LSF paths across the hillslope. The usually considered limitations of these lysimeters, or the borders preventing LSF through the domain, acted as an aid within this installation setup, as the lack of LSF was compensated for through the pumping system at the footslope. The findings from lysimeters were compared with LSF collection system measurements. Weighing lysimeter data indicated that LSF controlled ETa rates. The results suggest that the onset of LSF contributes to the spatial crop productivity distribution in hillslopes. The present approach may be useful for investigating the impact of LSF on water balance components for similar hillslope sites and crops or other soil surface covers
Biodiesel production technology : master's thesis
No full textDiplomski rad daje pregled tehnologija proizvodnje biodizela, s fokusom na kemijski proces transesterifikacije. Prikazane su i druge dostupne tehnologije, uključujući bazno kataliziranu transesterifikaciju, kiselinsku transesterifikaciju, enzimsku transesterifikaciju i superkritičnu transesterifikaciju. Uz pregled sirovina koje se koriste u proizvodnji biodizela, predstavljena je praksa skladištenja i rukovanja biodizelom, te je analizirana važnosti usklađenosti sa standardima kao što je EN14214. Kroz analizu trenutnog statusa i potencijala proizvodnje biodizela u EU-u i u RH, diplomski rad pridonosi razumijevanju biodizela kao obnovljive i ekološki prihvatljive alternative fosilnom dizelu u okviru klimatsko-energetske strategije, čije temeljne vrijednosti se ogledaju u smanjenju emisija stakleničkih plinova i diversifikaciji energetskih izvora.The thesis provides an overview of the technologies used to produce biodiesel, focusing on the chemical process of transesterification. Other available technologies, including base-catalyzed transesterification, acid transesterification, enzymatic transesterification, and supercritical transesterification, are presented. In addition to an overview of the feedstocks used in the production of biodiesel, the practice of storing and handling biodiesel is presented and the importance of complying with standards such as EN14214 is analyzed. By analyzing the current status and potential of biodiesel production in the EU and the Republic of Croatia, the work contributes to the understanding of biodiesel as a renewable and environmentally friendly alternative to fossil diesel within the framework of the Climate-Energy Strategy, whose core values are reflected in the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the diversification of energy sources
Karta zoniranja rizika od klizišta Republike Hrvatske M 1:100.000
No full textKarta rizika od klizišta Republike Hrvatske prikazuje zoniranje cijelog područja države s obzirom na ugroženost stanovnika od pojave klizišta, odnosno procesa klizanja i tečenja. Karta zoniranja rizika od klizišta M 1:100 000 je nužan alat za prilagodbu klimatskim promjenama jer je pokazatelj da u svim županijama Republike Hrvatska postoje naseljena područja s prirodnim uvjetima za nastanak klizišta. Karta je namijenjena za korištenje od strane Ministarstva unutarnjih poslova - Ravnateljstva civilne zaštite i Ministarstva prostornog uređenja, graditeljstava i državne imovine.Zone podložnosti na klizanje određene su heurističkom metodom, na temelju preduvjeta klizanja, odnosno vrste stijena i nagiba terena, i gustoće stanovnika (Državni zavod za statistiku, 2011). Validacija karte podložnosti na klizanje provedena je s bazom klizišta Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Rudarsko-geološko-naftnog fakulteta koja je pokazala visoku točnost modela (88%)
Procjena geotermalnog potencijala naftnog polja Ježevo : završni rad
No full textNaftna industrija je tijekom povijesti bila jedna od ključnih gospodarskih grana u razvitku Republike Hrvatske, kako na regionalnoj razini, tako i na lokalnoj razini. Budućnost daljnjeg širenja naftnog sektora u RH je neizvjesna, obzirom na trenutni smjer energetske tranzicije društva te postupnog odmaka od korištenja fosilnih goriva u sklopu postojećih regulativa. Obzirom na kontinuirani pad proizvodnje iz eksploatacijskih polja nafte i plina, nesumnjivo će u narednom desetljeću doći do zatvaranja niza polja koja će biti iscrpljena ili ekonomski neisplativa za održanje proizvodnje. Velik dio naftnih i plinskih polja nalazi se na takvim dubinama gdje temperatura fluida u ležištu omogućava revitalizaciju u geotermalna polja, obzirom da u ležištima uz naftu i plin gotovo uvijek postoji i podinski vodonosnik. Cilj završnog rada je bilo istražiti jedno takvo malo naftno polje, Ježevo u Zagrebačkoj županiji, koje je u zreloj fazi eksploatacije, a ležište se nalazi na takvoj dubini koje upućuju na geotermalni potencijal
Izrada modela istraživanja tehničko-građevnog kamena na eksploatacijskom polju Mali Vuković : završni rad
No full textU završnom radu opisan je postupak izrade modela istraživanja tehničko-građevnog kamena na eksploatacijskom polju Mali Vuković, te su izrađeni trodimenzionalni modeli ležišta i proračunan obujam rezervi dvjema metodama. Korišteni računalni programi pri modeliranju su Bently Microstation OpenRoads Designer te potprogram Power InRoads. Na kraju rada napravljena je usporedba dobivenih rezultata
Problemi izdvajanja parafina, kamenca, soli i asfaltena na proizvodnoj opremi tijekom eksploatacije naftnih, plinskih i geotermalnih ležišta : završni rad
No full textTijekom eksploatacije naftnih, plinskih i geotermalnih ležišta može doći do izdvajanja parafina, kamenca, soli i asfaltena na proizvodnoj opremi ili površinskim dijelovima proizvodnog sustava. Bilo da se radi o taloženju kamenaca, soli, parafina ili asfaltena, sve naslage mogu negativno utjecati na neometan i učinkovit rad bušotine ili površinskih dijelova proizvodnog sustava. U cilju izbjegavanja svih ovih problema, koriste se razne metode smanjenja i sprečavanja nastajanja naslaga. U radu će detaljno biti pojašnjeni uzroci izdvajanja spomenutih naslaga, kao i preventivne metode za sprečavanje njihovog nastanka odnosno postupci za njihovo uklanjanje
Proposal for the protection and conservation of the terra rossa soil profile from Istria in the category of geological monument of nature
No full textSoil is an essential component of geodiversity, embodying the various geological processes, formations and materials that contribute to the overall richness and complexity of the Earth's landscapes. Although the importance of soil for the preservation of geodiversity is increasingly appreciated, it has not yet received adequate recognition in Croatia. Terra Rossa soils, which overlie and mark the youngest subaerial unconformity in the northwestern part of the Adriatic Carbonate Platform from the Mesozoic era, especially on the present-day Istrian peninsula, are ancient relict soils of polygenetic origin. This particular soil type has immense scientific, educational and cultural value, which makes it an exceptional candidate for protection and conservation measures. As a paleosol, Terra Rossa offers valuable insights into past environmental conditions, climate changes, and landscape evolution. Preserving one of Terra Rossa's soil profiles as a geoheritage site facilitates educational and scientific efforts. It allows researchers, students, and interested individuals to study and learn about the complex properties and processes of soil formation, nutrient cycling, and ecosystem dynamics. Terra Rossa soils in Istria also have cultural significance, having been used for viticulture and olive cultivation since Roman times. The 3 m thick soil profile in Koreniki shows several signs of colluviation and polygenesis, with kaolinization and iron oxide formation being the dominant processes. According to the WRB system, the profile is classified as Rhodic Lixisol, whose relict properties have been preserved under present climatic conditions. By protecting this soil profile near the renowned Coronica vineyard as a geoheritage site, we recognize and preserve the cultural heritage associated with the use and practices of the soil, promoting an understanding of the interrelationships between man, soil and landscape. This work has been supported by the Croatian Science Foundation (project no. IP-2019-04-8054)
Glauconite formation in a palaeosol as an indicator of the incipient sea-level rise: case study of the Zlatni rt, Istria, Croatia
No full textGlauconite is usually found as a replacement of bioclasts and faecal pellets through neoformation and replacement of iron rich smectite in deepwater environments on the shelf-slope break. In the last two decades the formation of glauconite in shallow water environments was progressively recognized and utilized in palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. The Lower Kimmeridgian to Late Tithonian Zlatni rt (ZR) clay is one of the examples of glauconite formation in shallow water environment and a rare example of glauconite formation from a palaeosol. The ZR clay occurrence represents a decimetre thick horizon of grey clay embedding the black pebbles. The clay is also present as infills in the karstified bedrock, in which the glauconite is present within the contact zone of the clay and bedrock. The clay is primarily composed from mixed-layered illite–smectite, 2M1 illite, kaolinite, vermiculite, pyrite, marcasite and titanium oxides. The clay itself can be identified as a palaeosol which formed in contact with the marine environment, indicated by the high Sr/Ba ratios and enrichment of heavy rare earth elements and a slight negative cerium anomaly. The presence of glauconite was confirmed by SEM-EDS, XRPD and FTIR. The glauconite formed mainly through the fixation of potassium and iron into illite and illite–smectite, but there is also strong evidence of its neoformation through bacterially mediated dissolution of present phyllosilicates. The source of iron was most likely terrigenous, as there is evidence for a ferralitic input through the presence of kaolinite in the ZR clay. Glauconite is also present in a more reduced form and as a more oxidized form, which display an alternation with pyrite in veins. This reflects the oscillations in the redox potential during glauconite formation, which can be linked to the variations in water column depth during the initial stages of the transgression. The final drowning of the ZR clay is recorded with the precipitation of coarse euhedral pyrite, during which the deposition of lagoonal Upper Tithonian Kirmenjak limestones had started. This work has been fully supported by Croatian Science Foundation under the project IP-2019-04-8054 – Wian- Lab (Western Istrian Anticline as an Ideal Natural Laboratory for the Study of the Regional Unconformities in Carbonate Rocks)
Vegetation monitoring in the Jastrebarsko City area using multispectral Sentinel 2 imagery : master's thesis
No full textOvaj se diplomski rad temelji na primjeni daljinskih istraživanja. Osnovni cilj je na temelju prikupljenih satelitskih snimaka iz misije Sentinel 2 izračunati vegetacijski indeks normalizirane razlike (NDVI) za određene datume u vremenskom periodu od tri godine. Usporedbom srednjih NDVI indeksa za svaku pojedinu snimku mogu se pratiti promjene u vegetaciji. Izračun NDVI indeksa i prikazi snimka napravljeni su u QGIS-u.This master's thesis is based on the application of remote sensing techniques. The primary objective is to calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) based on collected satellite imagery from the Sentinel 2 mission for specific dates within a three-year time period. By comparing the average NDVI indices for each individual image, changes in vegetation can be monitored. The calculation of NDVI indices and image visualization was performed using QGI