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Influence of Technical Characteristics of Vehicles on the Occurrence of Traffic Accidents
No full textVozila se kao bitan čimbenik sigurnosti cestovnog prometa svakim danom sve više usavršavaju kako bi njihov tehnički sustav funkcionirao pouzdano i sigurno u tijeku njihove eksploatacije. Tjekom radnog vijeka taj tehnički sustav gubi svoje prvobitne karakteristike i dolazi do određenih odstupanja od dopuštenih granica. U Hrvatskoj gotovo svako četvrto vozilo ne prođe tehnički pregled, a starost voznog parka prelazi 14 godina. Prema svim statističkim podacima glavni uzročnik prometnih nesreća je čovjek, dok je vozilo svojim tehničkim neispravnostima uzročnik nesreća u postotku od 0,2 %. Kada to usporedimo s podacima u Europskoj uniji, u kojoj je dokazano da je vozilo uzročnik prometnih nesreća u postotku 6-8 % i u obzir uzmemo činjenicu koliko vozila godišnje u Hrvatskoj ne zadovoljava uvjete tehničkog pregleda, moguće je pretpostaviti da je broj prometnih nesreća uzrokovanih vozilom veći. Podaci koji se analiziraju u ovom radu odnose se na korelaciju između posljedica prometnih nesreća i snage vozila, tehničke ispravnosti vozila te starosti vozila, a cilj rada je istražiti kakav utjecaj ove značajke vozila imaju na nastanak prometnih nesreća, posljedice prometnih nesreća i na sigurnost prometa u cjelosti.Vehicles, as an important factor in road traffic safety, are being improved more and more every day so that their technical system functions reliably and safely during their exploitation. During its working life, this technical system loses its original characteristics and there are certain deviations from the permitted limits. In Croatia, almost every fourth vehicle does not pass technical inspection, and the age of the fleet exceeds 14 years. According to all statistical data, the main cause of traffic accidents is the driver, while the vehicle, due to its technical defects, is the cause of accidents in the percentage of 0,2 %. When we compare this with the data in the European Union, in which it is proven that the vehicle is the cause of traffic accidents in the percentage of 6-8 %, and taking into consideration that many vehicles annually in Croatia do not meet the conditions of technical inspection, it is possible to assume that the number of traffic accidents caused by the vehicle larger. This paper is analyzing the correlation between the consequences of traffic accidents and the power of the vehicle, the technical condition of the vehicle, and the age of the vehicle. The main goal is to see the influence of these vehicle characteristics on the occurrence of traffic accidents, the consequences of traffic accidents, and traffic safety as a whole
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic to the Distribution of New Cars in the Republic of Croatia
No full textPojava virusa SARS-CoV-2 odnosno pandemije COVID-19 negativno se odrazila na gospodarstvo cijeloga svijeta i uzrokovala brojne probleme u opskrbnim lancima pa tako i u logistici i distribuciji robe. Pandemija je pogodila i automobilsku industriju te prodaju i distribuciju osobito novih automobila. U današnje opskrbne lance koji su sve duţi uključuje se sve više subjekata. Zato je u uvjetima nesigurnosti zbog stalnih novih valova pandemije potrebno osigurati njihovu fleksibilnost kao i pravovremeno prepoznati potencijalne rizike. Zastoj u bilo kojem dijelu lanca moţe dovesti do poteškoća i prekida u cjelokupnom lancu opskrbe. Tako je globalna nestašica čipova za proizvodnju novih automobila izazvala prekid u opskrbnim lancima i produţila rokove isporuke potrošačima. U radu je na primjeru Zubak Grupe analiziran utjecaj pandemije na distribuciju novih automobila u Republici Hrvatskoj. Rezultati prijašnjih istraţivanja kao i ovo istraţivanje ukazuju na potrebu iznalaţenja novih rješenja i novih poslovnih strategija kao i na potrebu korištenja suvremenih tehnologija u praćenju zastoja i eventualnih potencijalnih opasnosti za distribuciju kao i cjelokupni opskrbni lanac.The emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, that is, the COVID-19 pandemic, has had a negative impact on the world's economy and caused numerous problems in supply chains, including logistics and distribution of goods. The pandemic also affected the automotive industry and the sales and distribution of, particularly, new cars. More and more entities are joining today's supply chains, which are getting longer and longer. Therefore, in conditions of uncertainty due to the constant new waves of the pandemic, it is necessary to ensure their flexibility as well as to identify potential risks in a timely manner. A hold-up in any part of the chain can lead to difficulties and interruptions in the entire supply chain. Thus, the global shortage of chips for the production of new cars has caused disruptions in supply chains and extended delivery times to consumers. In this paper we analyze the impact of the pandemic on the distribution of new cars in the Republic of Croatia on the example of the Zubak Group. The results of previous research as well as this research indicate the need to find new solutions and new business strategies as well as the need to use modern technologies in monitoring hold-ups and potential hazards to distribution as well as the entire supply chain
Analysis of the Road Network and Proposal of Improvement Measures in the Area of the City of Samobor
No full textZavršnim radom analizirana je zakonska regulativa iz područja projektiranja cesta u Republici Hrvatskoj koja se sastoji od zakona i pravilnika koji se tiču projektiranja, izgradnje i održavanja javnih cesta. Uz zakonsku regulativu, analizirani su i važeći prostorni planovi i dokumenti koji se odnose na Samobor i Zagrebačku županiju, u kojoj je i Samobor smješten. Analizom postojećeg stanja cestovne mreže grada Samobora naglasak se dao na dvije nerazvrstane ceste koje trpe znatna prometna opterećenja. Hrastinska cesta najopterećenija je prometnica u subotnje prijepodne zbog neposredne blizine Sajmišta te je završnim radom analizirana i obrađena najprometnija ruta do Sajmišta. Samoborska obilaznica za teretni promet rasteretila je uži centar grada od teškog teretnog prometa ali je upitna njena efikasnost zbog znatnih uzdužnih nagiba. Naposlijetku su izneseni prijedlozi i mjere poboljšanja postojeće cestovne mreže u Samoboru.The final work analyzed the legal regulations in the field of road design in the Republic of Croatia, which consisted of laws and regulations concerning the design, construction, and maintenance of public roads. In addition, legal regulations related to Samobor and Zagreb Country, in which Samobor is located, were also analyzed. Analyzing the current condition of the road network of the city of Samobor, the emphasis was on two unclassified roads that suffer significant traffic loads. Hrastinska Cesta is the busiest road on Saturday mornings due to its proximity to the "Sajmište" (fair in Samobor), and the busiest route to the "Sajmište" was analyzed and determined in the final work. The Samobor bypass for freight traffic relieved the narrow center of the city from heavy freight traffic, but its efficiency is questionable due to significant longitudinal gradients. Finally, proposals and measures to improve the existing road network in Samobor were presented
Flight Plan Optimization According to Forecasted Wind Data
No full textPlaniranje leta zahtjeva brojne analize kako bi uz zadovoljavanja svih sigurnosnih zahtjeva let bio ekonomski isplativ. Jedna od mogućnosti provedbe optimizacije kako bi se smanjili operativni troškovi je korištenje povoljnih vjetrova što je i zadatak ovog rada. Završni rad obuhvaća opis performansi zrakoplova Zlin 242L, meteorološke utjecaje na performanse zrakoplova te kako se mogu iskoristiti predviđeni meteorološki podaci pri planiranju i optimiziranju rute s ciljem smanjenja operativnih troškova. Predstavljeni su načini mjerenja utjecaja vjetra te izračuni utjecaja bočne i uzdužne komponente na željenu putanju leta. Naveden je i opisan algoritam korišten u radu koji omogućuje optimizaciju plana leta prema prognoziranim podacima o vjetru.Flight planning requires the analisis of many variables in order to be economically viable while meeting all safety requierements. One type of optimization in order to reduce operating costs is the use of favorable winds, which is the task of this thesis. This thesis describes the performance of the Zlin 242L, meteorological influences on aircraft performance and how forecasted meteorological data can be used in planning to optimize the route with the aim of reducing operating cost. Different ways of measuring the influence of wind and calculations of the influence of the lateral and longitudional components on the desired flight path are presented. The algorithm used in this thesis, which enables the optimisation of the flight plan based on forecasted wind data, is listed and also described
Warehouse Process Optimization-Case Study Wienberger
No full textSkladište je po definiciji prostor u kojem se obavlja smještaj, rukovanje (manipulacija) i čuvanje materijala, poluproizvoda i gotovih proizvoda od oštećenja, rasipanja, kaliranja i krađe. Skladištenje se može opisati kao skup radnji vezanih uz manipulaciju dobara unutar samog skladišta. Vezano uz iskustvo, logistički procesi poput planiranja, nabave i raspodjele dobara u skladištu bitno mogu utjecati na poslovanje neke tvrtke. Ovaj rad dotaknut će se postojećih logističkih procesa i sustava skladištenja tvrtke Wienerberger te ukazati na nedostatke nekih procesa i predstaviti potencijalnu optimizaciju istih. Za analizu su korišteni podaci iz promatrane tvrtke. Sve će to za rezultat imati povećanje učinkovitosti rada tvrtke Wienerberger.A warehouse is by definition a space in which accommodation, handling (manipulation) and storage of materials, semi-finished products and finished products are being protected from damage, spoilage, hardening and theft. Warehousing can be described as a set of actions related to the manipulation of goods within the warehouse itself. In terms of experience, logistics processes such as planning, procurement and distribution of goods in a warehouse can significantly affect a company's business. This paper will examine Wienerberger's existing logistics processes and storage systems and point out the shortcomings of some processes and present their potential optimization. Data from the observed firm were used for analysis. All this will result in an increase in the efficiency of Wienerberger
Animal Transportation Organization
No full textOrganizacija cestovnog prometa je proces u kojem najvažniju ulogu ima špediter koji organizira prijevoz robe na najoptimalniji način. Najoptimalniji način prijevoza robe, pogotovo živih bića je veoma bitan kako bi se životinjama ustupio najveći stupanj udobnosti tijekom putovanja cestovnim prijevoznim sredstvima. U radu su prikazani najvažniji postupci pri prijevozu životinja cestovnim prometom te pravilnici prijevoza pojedinih skupina životinja kao i njihove prednosti, nedostaci, ciljevi poboljšanja i špediterski poslovi u organizaciji cestovnog prijevoza životinja. Također, prikazani su i primjeri iz prakse prijevoza konja na području Europske Unije i izvan područja Europske Unije kao i statistički podaci broja stoke na području Republike Hrvatske.The organization of road traffic is a process in which the most important role is played by the freight forwarder who organizes the transport of goods in the most optimal way. The most optimal way of transporting goods, especially living beings, is very important in order to give animals the highest degree of comfort while traveling by road. The paper presents the most important procedures in the transport of animals by road and the rules of transport of certain groups of animals as well as their advantages, disadvantages, improvement goals and freight forwarding in the organization of road transport of animals. Also, examples from the practice of horse transport in the European Union and outside the European Union are presented, as well as statistical data on the number of livestock in the Republic of Croatia
Analysis of the Bus Line 241 Glavni kolodvor - Veliko Polje in the City of Zagreb
No full textJavni gradski prijevoz mora biti učinkovit i njegovo glavno obilježje mora biti da ga može koristiti svaki građanin. Problematika se očituje u zagušenosti, pokretljivosti i vanjskim utjecajima. Ovaj završni rad se temelji na prometno-tehničkoj analizi autobusne linije 241 Glavni kolodvor – Veliko Polje te njezinim statičkim i dinamičkim elementima, prostornom obuhvatu, te glavnim karakteristikama linije. Cilj rada je, na temelju brojenja putnika na liniji i prikupljanja podataka o voznim vremenima u vršnim satima, utvrditi je li iskorištenost linije zadovoljavajuća, predočiti uvid u stanje brzina i vremena u prijevoznom procesu linije, te ponuditi idejno rješenje za spomenutu autobusnu liniju.Public transport has to be efficient, and its main characteristic has to be accessibility for every citizen. Problems related to public transportation include congestion, mobility and other external factors. This undergraduate thesis is based on traffic and technical analysis of the bus line 241 Glavni kolodvor – Veliko Polje, its static and dynamic elements, spatial coverage and the main characteristics of the line. The aim of this undergraduate thesis, based on passenger counting and travel time measurements during commuter periods, is to determine utilization, provide an insight into speeds and travel times of the bus line based on the collected time, vehicle and passenger data, and to propose solutions for improvement
Adapting of road infrastructure design to autonomous driving
No full textAutomatizirana vozila smatraju se jednom od najvažnijih inovacija u prometnom sustavu te se smatra da će takva vozila značajno utjecati na smanjenje broja prometnih nesreća, prometnih zagušenja i potrošnje energije. S druge strane, kada je riječ o potpuno automatiziranim vozilima koja će se uskoro vidjeti na cestama, direktno se dolazi do brojnih pitanja koja su vezana uz sigurnost takvih vozila. Automatizirana vozila sastoje se od kombinacije softvera za kontrolu i upravljanje vozilom te senzorskih sustava od kojih velika većina nije potpuno pouzdana u nepovoljnim vremenskim uvjetima. Odgovarajuća komunikacijska oprema preduvjet je za povezanu i autonomnu vožnju, a trenutno stanje je takvo da trenutna infrastruktura nije na razini koja bi omogućila siguran rad povezanim i automatiziranim vozilima. Svrha i cilj ovog diplomskog rada je prikazati problematiku između postojeće infrastrukture cestovnog prometa i automatiziranih vozila te razraditi rješenja, odnosno smjernice za planiranje buduće infrastrukture cestovnog prometa koja će biti u što je moguće većoj mjeri prilagođena autonomnoj vožnji.Autonomous vehicles are assumed to be one of the most important innovation in transport system and it is considered that such vehicles will have a significant impact on reducing the number of traffic accidents, traffic congestion and energy consumption. On the other hand, when it comes to autonomous vehicles that will soon be on the roads, numerous questions related to the safety of such vehicles directly arise. Automated vehicles consist of a combination of vehicle control and management software and sensor systems, the vast majority of which are not completely reliable in bad weather conditions. Adequate communication equipment is a precondition for safe connected and automated driving, and the current situation is such that the current infrastructure is not at the level that would enable the safe operation of connected and autonomous vehicles. The purpose and goal of this thesis is to show the problems between the existing road traffic infrastructure and autonomous vehicles, and to develop solutions, i.e. guidelines for planning the future road traffic infrastructure, which will be adapted to autonomous driving as much as possible
Reverse Logistics Food Industry Process Optimization
No full textOvaj rad naglašava važnost dobre organizacije sustava povratne logistike u prehrambenoj industriji, s ciljem smanjenja ukupnog otpada od hrane. Na globalnoj razini, trećina proizvedene hrane se baci, iako postoje mnoge metode ekološki i društveno prihvatljivijeg zbrinjavanja viškova. Kroz analizu količina otpada od hrane i trenutnih praksi u zbrinjavanju viškova u svim stadijima opskrbnog lanca hranom, u radu su predložene i dodatne moguće alternative, a poseban je naglasak stavljen na doniranje hrane. Analizirano je poslovanje odabranog proizvođača svježih kokošjih jaja iz područja prehrambene industrije, te je predstavljen okvir za poboljšanje procesa povratne logistike.This thesis emphasizes the importance of good organization of reverse logistics system in food industry, in order to decrease the total food waste. Globally, a third of all the food produced is being thrown away, although there are many methods available for more environmentally and socially friendly disposal of surplus. Through the analysis of quantities of food waste and current disposal practices in all stages of food supply chain, this thesis suggests additional alternative methods, with a special emphasis on food donations. The business of a selected producer of fresh chicken eggs within food industry was analysed, and a framework for improving the return logistics processes was presented
Conceptual Solution for Traffic Flow Organization and Regulation in the City District of Gornja Dubrava in Zagreb
No full textKroz ovaj diplomski rad predložena je nova regulacija i organizacija prometnih tokova u gradskoj četvrti gornja Dubrava u zoni raskrižja Koledinečka ulica i Ulica Milovana Gavazzija te raskrižja na području tržnice Dubrava koje se nadovezuje na prethodno raskrižje. Definirane su zone obuhvata na makro i mikro razini. Detaljnom analizom prometa i infrastrukture utvrđeni su nedostaci i problematika odvijanja prometnih tokova. Nakon provedenog brojanja prometa i utvrđivanja prometnih opterećenja te izrade prometne prognoze predloženo je idejno prometno rješenje kako bi se povećala razina usluge, propusna moć i sigurnost svih sudionika u prometu. U simulacijskom alatu PTV Vissim-u izvršila se simulacija postojećeg stanja i predloženog rješenja te se na osnovi izlaznih parametara iz simulacija napravila evaluacija rezultata.Through this thesis, a new regulation and organization of traffic flows is proposed in the Gornja Dubrava city district in the area of the intersection of Koledinečka Street and Milovan Gavazzi Street and the intersection in the area of the Dubrava market, which is connected to the previous intersection. Coverage zones are defined at the macro and micro level. A detailed analysis of traffic and infrastructure identified shortcomings and problems with the development of traffic flows. After traffic counting, determining traffic loads and creating a traffic forecast, a conceptual traffic solution was proposed in order to increase the level of service, throughput and safety of all traffic participants. In the PTV Vissim simulation tool, a simulation of the existing state and the proposed solution was carried out, and an evaluation of the results was made based on the output parameters from the simulations