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Descriptive Analysis of the Darkweb Network in the Context of COVID-19 Pandemic
No full textAnonimnost i sigurnost na Internetu omogućava se uporabom mračne mreže (engl. Darkweb) koja koristi luk usmjeravanje (engl. the onion routing – TOR) za sprječavanje analize prometa. Analiza prometa (engl. traffic analysis) je oblik mrežnog nadzora uz pomoć kojega se može ugroziti anonimnost i sigurnost korisnika. U radu će biti objašnjen rad TOR mreža i njihove skrivene usluge koje sve postoje, te koje će omogućiti unaprjeđivanje i razvoj zaštita protiv napada i zlonamjernih programa kao što su to analize prometa. Dodatno će biti prikazan način preuzimanja, instalacije, postavljanje postavki i pokretanje Darkweba. Zatim će biti prikazana arhitektura Darkweb (TOR) mreže i svaki dio u toj mreži biti će dodatno pojašnjen zajedno sa njihovim ulogama u mreži. Pandemijom koju je uzrokovao virus COVID-19 preoblikovan je način na koji se potražuje roba i usluge diljem svijeta. To dovodi do uporabe mračnih mrežnih tržnica koju su dostupne preko mračnih mreža koje su stekle veliku popularnost u tom razdoblju. Također biti će popraćena i kupnja proizvoda povezanih sa COVID-19.Anonymity and security on the Interent is made possible by the use of the Darkweb, which uses the onion routing to prevent traffic analysis. Traffic analysis is a form of network monitoring that can threated user anonymity and security. The paper will explain the operation of TOR networks, their hidden services, all types of them that exist and which of them will enable the improvement and development of protection against attacks and malicious programs such as traffic analysis. Additionally, there will be shown how to download, install, set settings and run the Darkweb. Next, the architecture of the Darkweb network will be presented and each part in that network will be further explained along with their roles in the network. The pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus has reshaped the way in which goods and services are demanded around the world. This leads to the use of Darkweb markets that are accessible through Darkweb which gained a lot of popularity during this period. Also the purchase of products related to COVID-19 will also be accompanied
Application of LoRa WAN Technology in Agriculture
No full textU ovom završnom radu opisan je koncept Internet of Things (IoT), njegova arhitektura te primjena u poljoprivredi. Detaljnije je opisan pojam pametne poljoprivrede i korištenje IoT tehnologija, automatizacije i robotike u poljoprivredi. Također se spominje pojam precizne poljoprivrede i preciznog stočarstva te su navedene razne vrste sustava za upravljanje farmama. Korištenje raznih senzora uvelike olakšava posao poljoprivrednicima te imaju mogućnost stalnog nadzora nad svojim farmama. Detaljno je opisana LoRa WAN (eng. Long Range Wide Area Network) tehnologija, njena arhitektura, vrste i klase uređaja. Primjenom LoRa WAN senzora i drugih LoRa WAN uređaja u poljoprivredi značajno poboljšava rad farmi. U radu su navedeni razni LoRa WAN senzori, njihova područja primjene te stvarni slučaji uporabe.In this final paper is the Internet of Things (IoT) concept is described, its architecture and application in agriculture. In more detail are described concept of smart agriculture and the use of IoT technologies , automation and robotics in agriculture. In addition, the concept of precision agriculture and precision livestock farming is mentioned, as well as types of farm management systems . The use of various sensors makes the job easier for farmers and they have the possibility of constant monitoring of their farms. LoRa WAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) technology is described in detail, its architecture, types and classes of devices. The use of LoRa WAN sensors and other LoRa WAN devices in agriculture significantly improves the operation of farms
Improving the technological phase of postal shipments delivery
No full textTehnološki procesi u poštanskom prometu se sastoje od faze prijama, faze otpreme, faze transporta, faze prispijeća i faze uručenja. Davatelji poštanskih usluga imaju zadaću u propisanim rokovima obaviti dostavu svih prispjelih pošiljaka u stan ili poslovnu prostoriju primatelja. Danas se davatelji poštanskih usluga suočavaju s rastom internet trgovine. Nove tehnologije ostvaruju internet trgovinu povoljnijom opcijom i time se povećava broj paketa koji se šalju za dostavu. Dok su isporuke paketa u porastu, količine pismovnih pošiljaka znatno su pale. Te tendencije zahtijevaju drugačiju poštansku infrastrukturu, kao i različite prilagodbe na ovom načinu poslovanja. Pri donošenju konačne odluke o načinu isporuke krajnjem korisniku, pružatelji poštanskih usluga moraju težiti prihvatljivoj i profitabilnoj ravnoteži između zadovoljstva korisnika, troškova distribucije i sigurnosti. Tema rada je unaprjeđenje tehnološke faze dostave poštanskih pošiljaka. Objašnjene su tehnološke faze dostave i tehnološki procesi kod dostave poštanskih pošiljaka. Analizirani su izazovi i trendovi koji utječu na tehnološku fazu dostave poštanskih pošiljaka. Navedene su i objašnjene nove tehnologije koje se koriste za unaprjeđenje dostave poštanskih pošiljaka. Naposljetku je dan prijedlog unaprjeđenja tehnološke faze dostave poštanskih pošiljaka.Technological processes in postal traffic consist of several phases: collection, sorting, transport and delivery phase. Postal service providers have the task of delivering all received items to the recipient`s address within certain deadlines. Today, postal service providers are facing the growth of e-commerce. New technologies make online shopping more affordable option while the number of packages sent for delivery is increasing. While package deliveries are on the rise, the volume of letter-post items has dropped significantly. These tendencies require a different postal infrastructure, as well as certain adjustments. In making the final decision on the method of delivery to the end customer, postal service providers must balance acceptable and profitable relations between customers, cost distribution and security. The topic of the thesis is the improvement of the technological phase of delivery. The technological phases of delivery and technological processes in the delivery of postal items are explained. Challenges and trends that affect the technological phase of delivery are analyzed. New technologies used to improve the delivery of postal items are explained. Finally, a proposal was made to improve the technological phase of delivery of postal items
Evaluation of the Application of the Geared Turbofan in the First Five Years of Operation
No full textReduktor se u optočno mlaznim motorima koristi još od Honeywellovog TFE731 predstavljenog 1972. godine pa do današnjeg PW1000G koji je ušao u upotrebu 2016. godine. Reduktor omogućava da se ventilator, niskotlačni kompresor i niskotlačna turbina vrte različitim, optimalnim brzinama što doprinosi poboljšanju performansi motora. Zbog rada reduktora, ventilatoru je omogućeno da se vrti trostruko sporije u odnosu na niskotlačnu turbinu i niskotlačni kompresor koji se vrte brže od turbine i kompresora konvencionalnog mlaznog motora s visokim stupnjem optočnosti. Optočno mlazni motori s reduktorom s vrlo visokim stupnjem optočnosti su zbog poboljšane konstrukcije u odnosu na konvencionalne motore značajno smanjili potrošnju goriva, razinu buke i emisije štetnih plinova. Iako su se već na početku eksploatacije pojavili problemi, prednosti motora PW1000G nadmašuju njegove nedostatke.The gear has been used in turbofan engines since the Honeywell introduced TFE731 in 1972 until today's PW1000G, which came into use in 2016. The gear allows the fan, low-pressure compressor and low-pressure turbine to rotate at different, optimal speeds, which contributes to improving engine performance. Due to the operation of the gear, the fan is allowed to rotate three times slower compared to a low-pressure turbine and a low-pressure compressor that rotates faster than the turbine and compressor of a conventional high bypass turbofan engine. Due to the improved design compared to conventional engines, geared turbofans with a very high bypass ratio significantly reduced fuel consumption, noise levels and emissions. Although problems arose at the beginning of operation, the advantages of the PW1000G outweigh its disadvantages
Analysis of the Operation of the Dynamic Traction Control System in Road Vehicles
No full textCilj ovo rada je prikazati kako sustav dinamičke kontrole proklizivanja vozila utječe na sigurnost prometa. Stabilnost vozila važan je element sigurnosti cestovnom prometa jer se većom stabilnošću vozila smanjuje i broj prometni nesreća na cestama. Stabilnost vozila ovisi o karakteristikama vozila kao što su: razmak osovina vozila, širina pneumatika, usmjerivači zraka i drugi. Sustav dinamičke kontrole proklizivanja ubraja se u aktivne elemente sigurnosti prometa jer nastoji spriječiti nastanak prometnih nezgoda. Sustav stabilnosti vozila pomaže vozačima u njihovim svakodnevnim putovanjima. Olakšava im vožnju prilikom loših vremenskih uvjeta, vožnju u zavojima kao i izbjegavanje opasnih situacija na ceste kao što su: izleti pješaka, izleti životinja na cestu i slično. Daljnja zadaća sustava je olakšati vozačima kretanje na uzbrdice kao i kretanje s mjesta kada je mokar kolnik ili poledica na cestama. Sustav radi pomoću senzora koji prikupljaju podatke o putanji vozila tijekom vožnje i tako ima uvid treba li se uključiti kako bi zadržao vozilo na željenoj putanji.The aim of this paper is to show how the dynamic vehicle slip control system affects traffic safety. Vehicle stability is an important element of road safety as greater vehicle stability also reduces the number of road accidents. Vehicle stability depends on vehicle characteristics such as: vehicle axle spacing, tire width, air routers and others. The dynamic slip control system is included in the active elements of traffic safety as it seeks to prevent the occurrence of traffic accidents. The vehicle stability system helps drivers on their daily journeys. It makes it easier for them to drive in bad weather, drive in corners as well as avoid dangerous situations on roads such as: pedestrian trips, animal trips to the road and the like. A further task of the system is to make it easier for drivers to move uphill as well as move from a place where is a wet pavement or road back. The system works with sensors that collect data on the vehicle's trajectory while driving and has an insight into whether it should be turned on to keep the vehicle on the desired trajectory
Analysing of Greenhouse Gasses Emissions in Postal Traffic
No full textPoštanski operateri počinju pratiti emisije CO2 povezane s energijom potrebnom za rad njihovih objekata i emisije iz transporta pošte do potrošača. CO2 emisije prate i izračunavaju pomoću raznih studija kao što su IPCC i COPERT metodologija za izračunavanje. Tema rada je analiza emisija stakleničkih plinova u poštanskom prometu. Objašnjeni su utjecaji poštasnkog prometa na okoliš, kao i razne strategije poštanskih operatera koji pokušavanju smanjiti emisije stakleničkih plinova. Prikazani su trendovi emisija stakleničkih plinova u poštanskom prometu. Objašnjene su IPCC i COPERT metodologije za izračun emisija stakleničkih plinova u poštanskom prometu. Navedeni su primjeri rješenja emisija stakleničkih plinova u poštanskom prometu.Postal operators are starting to monitor CO2 emissions related to the energy needed to operate their facilities and emissions from transporting mail to consumers. CO2 emissions are monitored and calculated using various studies such as the IPCC and the COPERT calculation methodology. The topic of the paper is the analysis of greenhouse gas emissions in postal traffic. The environmental impacts of postal traffic are explained, as well as various strategies of postal operators trying to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Trends in greenhouse gas emissions in postal traffic are presented. IPCC and COPERT methodologies for calculating greenhouse gas emissions in postal traffic are explained. Examples of solutions for greenhouse gas emissions in postal traffic are given
ESCAPE Simulator Features and Application in Area Control Exercises
No full textŠkolovanje kontrolora zračnog prometa sastoji se od teoretske i praktične obuke. Praktična se obuka odvija pomoću simulacijskih uređaja koji kontrolore postepeno pripremaju za rad sa stvarnim prometom. Obuka i korištenje simulacijskih uređaja regulirani su na prostoru EU radi standardizacije i ishođenja unificirane dozvole za rad kontrolora zračnog prometa. Osposobljavanje kontrolora se odvija kroz nekoliko faza, od kojih je prethodna uvjet za sljedeću. Na Fakultetu prometnih znanosti se za prvu fazu, odnosno osnovno osposobljavanje, koristi simulator ESCAPE kojeg je izradio EUROCONTROL. U radu se nalazi popis alata simulatora te načini korištenja tih alata na simuliranim prometnim situacijama u određenom simuliranom zračnom prostoru. Odabrane su tri vježbe različitih razina kompleksnosti iz programa osnovnog osposobljavanja na Fakultetu te su analizirani postupci i instrukcije u tim vježbama. Analizirani su izlazni podaci pohranjenih i odrađenih vježbi te mogućnosti usporedbe tih podataka.Air traffic controllers' education consists of theoretical and practical parts. The practical part of education is enabled by using simulation devices which steadily prepare the controllers managing actual air traffic. Education and simulation device usage in the EU are regulated to achieve standardization and unified ATCO licences. Education is divided into phases, out of which the previous is a requirement for the next. At the Faculty of Transport and Traffic Sciences EUROCONTROL's ESCAPE simulator is used as part of the first phase, or basic training. In this paper, there are descriptions of simulator tools and their intended use for simulated air traffic in a given, simulated air space. A total of three, complexity varying, exercises were chosen from the Faculty's basic training programme, and the methods and instructions used in them have been analysed. Output data from saved, previously ran exercises and comparability possibilities have also been analyse
Analysis of the Pallet Management System with a Proposal of Improvement
No full textU današnje vrijeme kada navike i zahtjevi korisnika postaju sve kompleksniji te predstavljaju jedan od većih izazova s kojima se logistička industrija susreće. Naglasak se stavlja na brzinu i točnost isporuke, praćenje robe i paketa te na samu kvalitetu usluge. Paletizacija, kao segment prijevozne logistike ima važnu ulogu u razmjeni dobara. Stavljanjem naglaska na istovremeni transport velike količine različite robe, dobiva se na ekonomičnosti, vremenu i kvaliteti. Za pravilan rad cijelog sustava glavni fokus usmjeren je na palete i njihovu kvalitetu. S obzirom na raznolik izbor materijala koji se koristi pri njihovoj izradu, prilagođene su za prihvat i transport različitih vrsta tereta. Međutim, za neke je i dalje drvena „klasična“ paleta sredstvo manipulacije koje se smatra najisplativijim. Danas je paletizacija sve više usmjerena prema održivom razvoju, odnosno prema budućnosti koja se zalaže za očuvanje okoliša u cjelini gdje bi palete svojom mogućnošću recikliranja i ponovnog korištenja bile dio pravilne ravnoteže zelenog sustava. U ovome radu prikazano je upravljanje paletnim sustavom s naglaskom na njegovo unaprjeđenje, primjenu novih tehnologija kao i povezivanje cijelog ciklusa u priču oko održivog razvoja.Nowadays, when the hectic lifestyle is a part of our everyday life, there is an increasing need for faster transport of both passengers and products. The habits and requirements of users are becoming more complex day by day and represent one of the major challenges facing the logistics industry. Emphasis is placed on speed and accuracy of delivery, tracking of goods and packages and the quality of service. Palletization, as the main segment of transport logistics, has a leading role in the exchange of goods. By emphasizing the simultaneous transport of large quantities of different goods, one gains on economy, time and quality. For the proper operation of the entire system, the main focus is on pallets and their quality. Given the diverse selection of materials used in their manufacture, they are adapted for the reception and transport of different types of cargo. However, for some, the wooden "classic" pallet is still a means of manipulation that is considered the most cost-effective. Today, palletizing is increasingly focused on sustainable development, in the future that is committed to preserving the environment as a whole, where pallets with their ability to recycle and reuse would be part of the proper balance of the green system. This paper will present the management of the pallet system with an emphasis on its improvement, the application of new technologies as well as connecting the entire cycle in the story of sustainable development
Application of Innovative Technologies in the Improvement of Production Logistics
No full textU ovom diplomskom radu analizirat će se primjena inovativnih tehnologija s ciljem unaprjeđenja proizvodne logistike. Definirani su pojmovi logistički sustav i proizvodni sustav te podsustav proizvodne logistike. Također su definirani osnovni zadaci, ciljevi i aktivnosti proizvodne logistike. Postavljena pretpostavka ovo diplomskog rada je da su kibernetičko-fizički sustavi i Internet stvari i usluga temeljne tehnologije koje omogućavaju značajno unaprjeđenje proizvodne logistike. Utvrđeni su trenutni zahtjevi tržišta i tehnološke mogućnosti za budućnost proizvodne logistike u okviru postavljenih temeljnih tehnologija. Razvijanjem temeljnih tehnologija omogućuje se pojava inteligentnih objekata. U radu su definirane i objašnjene hardverske i softverske tehnologije koje su neophodne za funkciju inteligentnih objekata. Na primjeru inteligentnog objekta iz prakse, koji se sastoji od mikrotvornice i pripadajućeg digitalnog blizanca, prikazane su mogućnosti unaprjeđenja proizvodne logistike.In this thesis, the application of innovative technologies with the aim of improving production logistics was studied. The terms logistics system and production system and subsystem of production logistics are defined. Basic tasks, goals and activities of production logistics are also defined. The premise of this thesis is that cybernetic-physical systems and the Internet of Things and Services are fundamental technologies that enable a significant improvement in production logistics. The current market requirements and technological possibilities for the future of production logistics within the set basic technologies are listed. The development of basic technologies enables the appearance of intelligent objects. In this paper, the hardware and software technologies that are necessary for the function of intelligent objects are defined and explained. On the example of an intelligent facility from practice, which consists of a microfactory and its associated digital twin, the possibilities of improving production logistics are presented
Analysis of Traffic Signs in Temporary Traffic Regulations
No full textPrometna signalizacija služi za prenošenje obavijesti o trenutačnom stanju prometnog sustava, preporučenome ili obaveznome načinu kretanja i položaju vozila u prometnom sustavu. Osnovna je komunikacija između zakonske regulative i sudionika u prometu za sigurno odvijanje u prometu. Ona uključuje horizontalnu, vertikalnu, svjetlosnu signalizaciju te prometnu signalizacijsku opremu. Ukratko, horizontalnu signalizaciju predstavljaju oznake na kolniku, vertikalnu signalizaciju predstavljaju prometni znakovi smješteni obično iznad ili s desne strane kolnika, svjetlosnu signalizaciju predstavljaju prometna svjetla, svjetleći znakovi i stupovi te smjerokazni stupići, te signalizacijsku opremu predstavlja skupni naziv opreme za sigurno, nesmetano vođenje prometa. U diplomskom radu detaljno su opisani elementi prometne signalizacije, osnovno o prometnim znakovima i privremenoj regulaciji u prometu, provedba istraživanja o privremenoj regulaciji te njena analiza i rezultati dobivenih rezultata.Traffic signals are used to convey information about the current state of the traffic system, the recommended or mandatory direction of movement and the position of vehicles in the traffic system. Communication between legal regulations and road users is essential for safe driving. It includes horizontal, vertical, light signaling and traffic signaling equipment. In short, horizontal signaling is represented by markings on the roadway, vertical signaling is represented by traffic signs usually located above or on the right side of the roadway, light signaling is represented by traffic lights, illuminated signs and poles and direction posts, for last signaling equipment is the collective name of equipment for safe, unhindered traffic management . In the thesis, the elements of traffic signaling are described in detail, the basics of traffic signs and temporary regulation in traffic, the implementation of research on temporary regulation, its analysis and the results of the obtained results