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Study of the Bus Line 236 Kampus - Čavićeva in the City of Zagreb
No full textŽivot u velikim gradovima bez javnog gradskog prijevoza je nemoguć, stoga javni
gradski prijevoz igra veliku ulogu u normalnom odvijanju prometa u gradovima.
Prijevoz studenata na kampuse trebao bi biti siguran, brz i točan. Najveći problemi
prometa u gradovima su zagušljivost, pokretljivost i vanjski utjecaji, od kojih su neki
prisutni i na autobusnoj liniji 236. Završni rad je analiza autobusne linije 236 Kampus
– Čavićeva te njezinih statičkih i dinamičkih elemenata. Cilj rada je utvrditi iskorištenost
kapaciteta linije pomoću prikupljenih podataka o vremenima i izmjeni putnika na liniji,
podataka o brzinama i vremenima u prijevoznom procesu, te predložiti rješenja za
poboljšanje učinkovitosti linije.Life in large cities without public transport is not possible, therefore public transport
plays a big part in normal functioning of traffic in the cities. Public transport should be
safe, quick, and punctual. The biggest issues with public transport are congestion,
mobility, and external factors. This undergraduate thesis is a study of the bus line 236
Kampus – Čavićeva with its static and dynamic elements. The aim of the thesis is to
determine the utilization of line capacity by the collected data on time and passengers
on the line, data on speeds and times in transport process, and to propose solutions
for improving line efficiency
Analysis of the Dynamics of motorcycle Movement with Proposed Measures to Increase the Safety of Motorcycle Drivers
No full textČovjek, cesta i vozilo elementarni su čimbenici cestovnog prometa. Čovjek u svojstvu
vozača ima ključnu ulogu u sigurnosti prometa, kategorija vozača motocikla jedna su
od ugroženijih skupina u prometu. Razvoj opreme u cestovnoj infrastrukturi i
tehnološkim napretkom proizvodnje motocikla u vidu aktivne i pasivne zaštite dovodi
do smanjenja posljedica prometnih nesreća u kojima sudjeluju motociklisti. Analizom i
statističkom pokazateljima dolazi se do spoznaja o okolnostima nastanka prometnih
nesreća u kojima sudjeluju motociklisti. U procesu obavljenog istraživanja, obuhvaćen
je uzorak motociklista o navikama i postupcima motociklista u prometu, kako bi se
donijele mjere poboljšanja sigurnosti motociklista, iz čega proizlazi da je potrebno
provoditi aktivnosti u pogledu edukacije vozača motocikla na sigurno ponašanje u
prometu, poznavanje kinematike i dinamike kretanja motocikla i korištenje potpune
zaštitne motociklističke opreme.Man, road and vehicle are elementary factors of road traffic. Man as a driver has a key
role in traffic safety, the category of motorcycle drivers is one of the most vulnerable
groups in traffic. The development of equipment in road infrastructure and
technological progress in motorcycle production in the form of active and passive
protection leads to a reduction in the consequences of traffic accidents involving
motorcyclists. Analysis and statistical indicators provide insights into the circumstances
of traffic accidents involving motorcyclists. In the process of the research conducted, a
sample of motorcyclists was included in the study on the habits and actions of
motorcyclists in traffic, in order to adopt measures to improve motorcyclist safety, which
implies that it is necessary to carry out activities regarding the education of motorcycle
drivers on safe behavior in traffic, knowledge of the kinematics and dynamics of
motorcycle movement and the use of complete protective motorcycle equipment
The Role of Logistics Operators in the Production of Transport Services
No full textLogistika dolazi iz grčke riječi „logos“, a označava upravljanje opskrbom i
prijevozom proizvoda od mjesta gdje nastaje do krajnjeg kupca. Logistički operateri u
tom procesu imaju ulogu koja zahtijeva upravljanje, skladištenje, osiguravanje te
mnoge druge zadatke. Kako bi se proizvodi transportirali od mjesta proizvodnje do
krajnjeg kupca, potrebne su prometne usluge. U ovom završnom radu pod nazivom
„Uloga logističkih operatera u proizvodnji prometnih usluga“ se detaljno obradio pojam
logistike, kao i logističkih operatera i njihovih zadataka. Također se u više različitih
poglavlja predstavio pojam prometnih usluga, te kako su one povezane s logističkim
operaterima. U radu su i na stvarnom primjeru logističkog poduzeća prikazani
ekonomski aspekti održivosti logistike. Iz navedenih ulomaka je vidljivo koliko su
logistika, logistički operateri i njihovi procesi i zadatci bitni u našem svakodnevnom
životu, utječući na gospodarstvo i ekonomiju država, ali i osiguravajući zadovoljstvo
kupaca.Logistics comes from the Greek word "logos", and it means managing the supply
and transportation of products from the place where they are created to the end
customer. Logistics operators have a role in this process that requires management,
storage, insurance and many other tasks. In order to transport products from the place
of production to the final customer, transport services are needed. In this final paper,
entitled "The role of logistics operators in the production of transport services", the
concept of logistics, as well as logistics operators and their tasks, was elaborated in
detail.. The concept of transport services was also presented in several different
chapters, and how they are related to logistics operators. In the paper, the economic
aspects of the sustainability of logistics are presented on the real example of a logistics
company. From the above excerpts, it is evident how important logistics, logistics
operators and their processes and tasks are in our everyday life, affecting the lordship
and economy of countries, but also ensuring customer satisfaction
The influence of merging SECSI and SEE FRA on traffic flows
No full textProstor slobodnih ruta označava koncept zračnog prostora u kojem zrakoplovi mogu
planirati rute između definiranih ulaznih i izlaznih točaka bez oslanjanja na mrežu standardnih
ATS ruta. Primjena FRA rezultira učinkovitijim korištenjem zračnog prostora, kraćim rutama,
manjom potrošnjom goriva i smanjenjem emisija štetnih plinova. U ovom radu analizira se
utjecaj spajanja prostora slobodnih ruta SECSI FRA i SEE FRA na tokove zračnog prometa.
Analiza se temelji na simulacijama provedenima u alatu NEST za kolovoz 2023., u dva
scenarija: bez spajanja i sa spajanjem navedenih prostora. Promatrani parametri uključuju
duljinu i trajanje leta, potrošnju goriva, emisije CO₂ i NOₓ plinova te kompleksnost zračnog
prostora, koja se procjenjuje primjenom PRU modela. Cilj analize je procijeniti utjecaj
integracije FRA prostora na prometne karakteristike u promatranom području.Free Route Airspace is a concept of airspace in which aircraft can plan routes between
defined entry and exit points without relying on a network of standard ATS routes. The
implementation of FRA results in more efficient use of airspace, shorter routes, reduced fuel
consumption, and lower emissions of harmful gases. This paper analyses the impact of
merging the SECSI FRA and SEE FRA free route airspace on air traffic flows. The analysis is
based on simulations conducted using the NEST tool for August 2023, comparing two
scenarios: one without integration and one with the merged FRA areas. Observed parameters
include flight length and duration, fuel consumption, CO₂ and NOₓ emissions, and airspace
complexity, assessed using the PRU complexity model. The aim of the analysis is to evaluate
the influence of FRA integration on traffic characteristics within the observed area
Design of instrument panel with new avionics on Pilatus PC-9M aircraft
No full textU ovom radu projektirana je ploča instrumenata sa novom avionikom na zrakoplovu
Pilatus PC-9M, te su izračunati parametri električne mreže sa novim potrošačima.
Analiziran je po pitanju cijene, broju funkcija i jednostavnosti održavanja novi sustav
Garmin G500 TXi. Sukladno odabranom sustavu, projektirana je ploča sa novim
rasporedom instrumenata. Navede su tehničke karakteristike sustava G500 TXi i
brojne nove funkcije koje pruža u odnosu na postojeće instrumente i sustave.
Proračunom potrošnje električne energije zaključeno je da novi sustav manje
opterećuje elektromrežu zrakoplova u odnosu na sustave Bendix/King EFS 40 i KLN
900. Time se omogućilo rasterećenje električne mreže, povećanje pouzdanosti
električne mreže i pojednostavljenje održavanja nove avionike od strane tehničara za
održavanje i korištenja od strane pilota.This thesis designs instrument panel with new avionics on the Pilatus PC-9M
aircraft, and the parameters of the electrical network with new consumers that were
calculated. It is described in terms of price, number of functions and ease of
maintenance of the new Garmin G500 TXi system. In accordance with the selected
system, a panel with a new instrument layout is designed. Numerous new functions
provided in comparison to existing systems are listed, as well as technical
characteristics of the G500 TXi system. The calculation of electricity consumption
concluded that the new system puts less strain on the aircraft's power grid compared
to the Bendix/King EFS 40 and KLN 900 systems. This enabled the relief of the power
grid, increased reliability of the power grid, and simplified maintenance of the new
avionics by maintenance technicians and use by pilots
Optimization of helicopter balancing for Bell OH-58 Kiowa Warrior and Bell 206B-III JetRanger in different flight phases
No full textOvaj rad govori o značaju balansiranja nosivog rotora za sigurnost, performanse i vijek
trajanja helikoptera. Važnost ovog rada pronalazi se u činjenici da o ovoj tematici nema radova
na hrvatskom jeziku. U radu su navedeni detaljni opisi što se zapravo događa pri nebalansiranoj
letjelici te kako se pravilno balansira i do koje mjere. Prikazane su tehničke specifikacije i
operativna namjena helikoptera Bell OH-58 Kiowa Warrior i Bell 206B-3 JetRanger III koji su
u fokusu ovog istraživanja. Objašnjeni su osnovni principi aerodinamike helikoptera te uloga
nosivog rotora. Također, objašnjene su vrste balansiranja – statičko i dinamičko balansiranje te
metode kojima se provode. Izvršeno je ispitivanje balansiranja na spomenutim tipovima
helikoptera u različitim fazama leta te je postavljena pretpostavka da zbog složenije
konstrukcije nosivog rotora, helikopteru Kiowa Warrior će trebati u prosjeku više letova do
potpuno izbalansiranog nosivog rotora nego helikopteru Bell 206B-3 JetRanger III. Navedene
su razlike i očekivanja istraživanja te su rezultati nakon ispitivanja analizirani te su potvrđene
teorija i pretpostavka koja je postavljena na početku istraživanja.This paper discusses the importance of rotor balancing for the safety, performance and
service life of helicopters. The importance of this work is found in the fact that there are no
works on this topic in the Croatian language. The paper contains detailed descriptions of what
actually happens with an unbalanced aircraft and how it is properly balanced and to what extent.
The technical specifications and operational purpose of the Bell OH-58 Kiowa Warrior and
Bell 206B-3 JetRanger III helicopters, which are the focus of this research, are presented. The
basic principles of helicopter aerodynamics and the role of the main rotor are explained. Also,
the types of balancing - static and dynamic balancing and the methods used to carry them out
- are explained. Balancing tests were performed on the mentioned types of helicopters in
different phases of flight, and it was assumed that due to the more complex design of the main
rotor, the Kiowa Warrior helicopter will require, on average, more flights to fully balance the
main rotor than the Bell 206B-3 JetRanger III helicopter. The differences and expectations of
the research were stated, and the results after the research were analyzed, confirming the theory
and assumption that was set at the beginning of the research
Schoolchildren Safety Analysis in Elementary School Zones
No full textU radu se analizira sigurnost djece pješaka u zonama osnovnih škola, s posebnim naglaskom
na prometnu infrastrukturu i ponašanje sudionika u prometu. Provedena je analiza prometnih
nesreća, iRAP procjena triju ulica u blizini Osnovne škole Davorina Trstenjaka te simulacija
evakuacije pomoću softvera Pathfinder. Rezultati upućuju na potrebu za ciljanijim
infrastrukturnim i edukativnim mjerama. Anketno istraživanje među roditeljima potvrdilo je
zabrinutost zbog nesavjesnog ponašanja vozača. Zaključno, sigurnost se može unaprijediti
integriranim pristupom obrazovanju, zakonodavstvu i urbanom planiranju.This thesis analyzes the safety of child pedestrians in primary school zones, with a focus on
traffic infrastructure and road user behavior. The study includes accident data analysis, iRAP
assessments of three streets near Davorin Trstenjak Primary School, and an evacuation
simulation using Pathfinder software. The results highlight the need for targeted
infrastructural and educational measures. A parental survey confirmed concerns regarding
reckless driver behavior. In conclusion, improvements in safety require an integrated approach
involving education, legislation, and urban planning
Calculation of Safety Stock in Supply Chain Cycles
No full textU radu je obrađena problematika upravljanja sigurnosnim zalihama u kontekstu suvremenih
opskrbnih lanaca. Objašnjen je teorijski okvir sigurnosne zalihe, njezina funkcija i značaj, kao
i čimbenici koji utječu na njezino određivanje poput razine usluge, varijabilnosti potražnje i
vremena isporuke. Kroz rad se prikazuju različite metode izračuna sigurnosne zalihe,
uključujući korištenje statističkih parametara kao što su srednja vrijednost, standardna
devijacija i z-vrijednost. Praktični dio rada temelji se na primjeru tvrtke IKEA i proizvoda
MALM – ormar s ladicama. Na temelju pretpostavljene tjedne potražnje provedeni su konkretni
izračuni prosječne potražnje, točke ponovne nabave i sigurnosne zalihe. Cilj rada je prikazati
kako se teorijski koncepti mogu primijeniti u stvarnim poslovnim slučajevima radi optimizacije
zaliha i poboljšanja dostupnosti proizvoda.The paper deals with the issue of safety stock management in the context of modern supply
chains. It explains the theoretical framework of safety stock, its purpose and importance, as
well as the key factors that affect its determination, such as service level, demand variability,
and lead time. Various methods of calculating safety stock are presented, including the use of
statistical parameters like average demand, standard deviation, and z-values. The practical part
of the paper is based on the example of IKEA and its MALM drawer unit. Based on assumed
weekly demand, specific calculations of average demand, reorder point, and safety stock were
carried out. The aim of the paper is to demonstrate how theoretical inventory management
concepts can be applied in real business contexts to optimize inventory levels and ensure
product availability
The state of technology and market of electric vehicles in the European Union and measures for increasing share
No full textRazvoj električnih vozila posljednjih godina sve više oblikuje smjer moderne
automobilske industrije i prometnih politika. U uvjetima klimatskih promjena,
povećanog onečišćenja zraka i sve manje dostupnih fosilnih izvora energije, Europska
unija intenzivno preusmjerava fokus prema održivijim oblicima prijevoza, osobito jer
cestovni promet značajno sudjeluje u ukupnim emisijama stakleničkih plinova unutar
Unije. Ovaj rad opisuje osnovne tehnologije električnih vozila i baterija kao njihovog
jako bitnog dijela. Navedeni su podaci o vodećim europskim i svjetskim proizvođačima
električnih vozila, stanju proizvodnje i prodaje novih putničkih vozila s razdiobom po
tehnologijama, godinama i pojedinim državama članicama, te najpopularnijim
modelima električnih vozila u 2024. godini i njihovim osnovnim karakteristikama. Za
odabrane države (Njemačku, Dansku i Hrvatsku) su prikazane mjere za povećanje
udjela električnih vozila i njihov trend.The development of electric vehicles in recent years is increasingly shaping the
direction of the modern automotive industry and transport policies. In the context of
climate change, increased air pollution, and the decreasing availability of fossil energy
sources, the European Union is intensively redirecting its focus toward more
sustainable forms of transport, especially since road transport significantly contributes
to overall greenhouse gas emissions within the Union. This paper describes the basic
technologies of electric vehicles and batteries as their crucial component. It presents
data on leading European and global electric vehicle manufacturers, the state of
production and sales of new passenger vehicles with breakdowns by technology, year,
and individual member states, as well as the most popular electric vehicle models in
2024 and their main characteristics. For selected countries (Germany, Denmark, and
Croatia) incentives for increasing the share of electric vehicles and their trends are also
presented
Analysis of distribution system of consumer goods
No full textDistribucija robe široke potrošnje je logistički proces kojim se osigurava pravovremena
isporuka proizvoda od proizvođača do prodavaonica i krajnjih potrošača. Cilj ovog rada je analiza
postojećeg distribucijskog sustava te prijedlog optimizacije koja bi omogućila učinkovitiju i
isplativiju dostavu robe.
Analizom distribucijskog sustava identificirana su uska grla i izazovi distribucije, što
uključuje opterećenje skladišta u Zagrebu. Kao prijedlog poboljšanja predloženo je otvaranje
novog skladišta, čime bi se smanjilo opterećenje skladišta te bi se skratile transportne rute. Nadalje,
predložena je optimizacija ciklusa dostave, koji bi omogućio bolju organizaciju skladišnih procesa
i smanjenje vremenskog pritiska na proces komisioniranja.
Spomenuta je mogućnost uvođenja dodatnih protočnih regala na dijelu otpreme što bi se
ubrzalo proces ukrcaja robe i omogućilo više prostora za odlaganje gotovih paleta. Također,
istaknuta je potreba za prilagodbom isporuke robe od inozemnih dobavljača kako bi se novi model
distribucije mogao u potpunosti implementirati.
Analiza je pokazala da bi provedba predloženog rješenja omogućila operativne i
financijske uštede, poboljšala učinkovitost distribucije te smanjila negativan utjecaj na okoliš
optimizacijom prijevoznih ruta i smanjenjem emisije CO₂.The distribution of consumer goods is a logistical process that ensures the timely delivery
of products from manufacturers to retail stores and end consumers. The aim of this thesis is to
analyze the existing distribution system and propose optimizations that would enable more
efficient and cost-effective delivery of goods.
Through the analysis of the distribution system, bottlenecks and key distribution challenges
were identified, including the overload of the central warehouse in Zagreb. As a potential
improvement, the opening of a new warehouse has been proposed, which would reduce the
pressure on the current warehouse and shorten transport routes. Furthermore, optimization of the
delivery cycle has been suggested, allowing better organization of warehouse processes and
reducing the time pressure on the order-picking process.
The possibility of introducing additional flow racks in the dispatch area has also been
discussed, which would accelerate the loading of goods and provide more space for storing
prepared pallets. Additionally, the need to adapt the delivery process from international suppliers
has been highlighted in order to fully implement the new distribution model.
The analysis has shown that the implementation of the proposed solutions would lead to
operational and financial savings, improve distribution efficiency, and reduce environmental
impact by optimizing transport routes and lowering CO₂ emissions