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Analysis of Aircraft Accidents and Incidents caused by Bird Strike
No full textTematika ovog rada je analiza zrakoplovnih nesreća i nezgoda koje su nastale sudarom zrakoplova i ptica na zračnoj luci i u letu. Međunarodnom i nacionalnom regulativom su uređene procedure za istraživanje nesreća i nezgoda. Kroz stvarni primjer zrakoplovne nesreće uzrokovane sudarom zrakoplova i ptica prikazane su posljedice takvog sudara i sigurnosne preporuke koje su donesene nakon te nesreće. Kako do ovakvih i sličnih sudara ne bi došlo, zračne luke bi trebale koristiti određene preventivne mjere koje su specifične za tu zračnu luku. Na taj način se smanjuje prisutnost i broj ptica na području oko zračne luke.The topic of this paper is the analysis of air accidents and incidents that occurred due to the collision of aircraft and birds at the airport and in flight. Procedures for the investigation of accidents and incidents are regulated by international and national regulations. Through a real-life example of air accident caused by collision between birds and aircraft, the consequences of such collision are presented together with safety recommendations made after that accident. In order to avoid such and similiar collisions, airports should use certain preventive measures that are specific for that airport. In this way, the presence and number of birds in the area around the airport is reduced
Architecture of 5G networks and their applicability
No full textSuvremena komunikacija i tehnologija nezamislive su bez mobilnih mreža. S porastom pametnih uređaja, potreba za bržim i pouzdanijim mrežama postala je ključna. U tom kontekstu, 5G mreža, kao nova generacija mobilnih mreža, donosi izvanredne performanse, uključujući visoke brzine prijenosa podataka, ultra nisku latenciju i sposobnost povezivanja velikog broja uređaja. U radu se istražuju karakteristike mobilnih mreža, definiraju se tehnički aspekti i prati se razvoj mobilnih mreža od prve do pete generacije. Također detaljno se analiziraju elementi arhitekture 5G mreže i istražuju tehničke karakteristike njezina rada. Opisane su tehnologije i usluge koje se primjenjuju u 5G mreži, uključujući virtualnu stvarnost, proširenu stvarnost, masivan prijenos sadržaja, Internet stvari i umjetnu inteligenciju. U rad se također istražuju primjene 5G mreže u industriji i prometu kroz primjere pametnih industrijskih pogona i modernih prometnih sustava povezanih na 5G mrežu.Contemporary communication and technology are inconceivable without mobile networks. With the proliferation of smart devices, the need for faster and more reliable networks has become paramount. In this context, the 5G network, as the new generation of mobile networks, delivers outstanding performance, including high data transfer speeds, ultra-low latency, and the capability to connect a large number of devices. The paper explores the characteristics of mobile networks, defines technical aspects, and traces the development of mobile networks from the first to the fifth generation. Furthermore, it thoroughly analyzes the elements of the 5G network architecture and investigates the technical features of its operation. Technologies and services applied in the 5G network are described, encompassing virtual reality, augmented reality, massive content transmission, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence. The paper also explores the applications of the 5G network in industry and transportation through examples of smart industrial operations and modern transportation systems connected to the 5G network
Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Distribution of Parcels
No full textPandemija COVID-19 značajno je utjecala na distribuciju paketnih pošiljaka. Ograničenja putovanja, zatvaranje granica i povećana potražnja za e-trgovinom doveli su do značajnih promjena kod paketne distribucije. Većina industrija u svijetu je bilo u vrlo izazovnom periodu, što je utjecalo negativno na globalno gospodarstvo. Međutim paketna distribucija je vrlo brzo postigla pozitivan ekonomski rast, zbog rasta etrgovine koja je nadmašila sva predviđanja. Davatelji poštanskih usluga morali su se prilagoditi novim izazovima, a to su učinili primjenom zdravstveno-higijenskih mjera, novim zaposlenjima radi povećane potražnje i implementacijom tehnoloških inovacija. Uz to davatelji su morali održati kvalitetu usluge i zadovoljstvo korisnika. Prema istraživanju provedenom za potrebe rada vidljivo je kako korisnici u Republici Hrvatskoj u globalu smatraju da je kvaliteta usluge za vrijeme pandemije bila na zadovoljavajućoj razini.The COVID-19 pandemic significantly influenced the distribution of parcels and shipments. Travel restrictions, closed borders and increased demand for e-commerce have led to substantial changes in the distribution of packages. Most industries all over the world have endured a very challenging period, which negatively influenced the global economy. However the distribution of packages quickly achieved a positive economic growth thanks to the growth of online shopping which surpassed all forecasts. Mail service providers had to adapt to new challenges, which they did by applying all the health and hygiene measures, new employments to battle the increase in demand, and implementation of technological innovations. Alongside everything else the providers had to maintain the quality of the service and the satisfaction of the customers. According to research conducted for the purpose of this paper it is apparent that customers in the Republic of Croatia feel that the quality of the service provided during the epidemic was at a satisfactory level
Analysis of Motorized Traffic in the City of Velika Gorica
No full textGrad Velika Gorica, osim što predstavlja svakodnevnu atrakciju putovanja lokalnog stanovništva u samom gradu, predstavlja i veliki tranzitni pravac južnog dijela središnje Hrvatske poput gradova Sisak, Petrinja, općina Lekenik i dr., prema glavnom gradu Republike Hrvatske, Zagrebu. Takva visoka županijska, međužupanijska i lokalna svakodnevna mobilnost stanovništva središnjeg dijela Republike Hrvatske, zbog sve većeg korištenja osobnih automobila pri svakodnevnim putovanjima, predstavlja probleme kao što su prometna preopterećenja prometne infrastrukture, povećanja dužine i vremena trajanja putovanja, povećanja emisija štetnih stakleničkih plinova, lošije kvaliteta zraka, veće razine buke i slično. Upravo zbog toga ima i veliki potencijal za unapređenje trenutnog prometnog sustava i mobilnosti stanovništva. Kako bi se analizirao motorizirani promet u Velikoj Gorici, potrebno je utvrditi postojeće stanje prometne infrastrukture, procijeniti prometnu potražnju takvim oblikom prometovanja te ponuditi smjernice za rješavanje utvrđenih nedostataka u prometnom sustavu. Kvalitetnim i realnim prijedlozima rješenja, grad bi se približio svojim strateškim ciljevima, a to su: osiguranje preduvjeta za daljnji razvoj gospodarstva, poboljšanje kvalitete života i pozitivan rast u razvoj zajednice i društvenih djelatnosti.The city of Velika Gorica, in addition to being a daily attraction for travel of the local population in the city itself, is also a major transit direction of the southern part of central Croatia such as the cities of Sisak, Petrinja, the municipality of Lekenik and others, towards the capital of the Republic of Croatia, Zagreb. Such high county, inter-county and local daily mobility of the population of the central part of the Republic of Croatia, due to the increasing use of passenger cars in daily travel, presents problems such as traffic congestion of the transport infrastructure, increase in the length and duration of travel, increase in emissions of harmful greenhouse gases, poorer air quality, higher noise levels and the like. This is why it has great potential to improve the current transport system and the mobility of the population. In order to analyse motorised transport in Velika Gorica, it is necessary to establish the existing state of the transport infrastructure, to assess the transport demand for such a form of transport and to offer guidelines for addressing the identified deficiencies in the transport system. By proposing quality and realistic solutions, the city would move closer to its strategic objectives, which are: to ensure the prerequisites for further economic development, to improve the quality of life and to achieve positive growth in community development and social activities
Road Safety Analysis of County Roads in Croatia
No full textSigurnost cestovnog prometa bitna je odrednica svake države. Prometne nesreće negativno utječu na društvo i okolinu pa je potrebno poduzeti određene mjere kako bi se one spriječile. Jedna od mjera povećanja sigurnosti prometa je i identifikacija opasnih mjesta i dionica. Ovaj rad bazira se na analizi sigurnosti na županijskim cestama u Republici Hrvatskoj. Analiza će se provesti koristeći Rate Quality Control metodu i podatke o prometnim nesrećama u razdoblju od 2019. do 2021. godine. Nakon provedene analize županijske ceste rangirat će se po stupnju opasnosti i dodatno analizirati prema određenim kriterijma.Road traffic safety is an important determinant of every country. Traffic accidents have a negative impact on society and the environment, so it is necessary to take certain measures to prevent them. One measure to increase traffic safety is the identification of dangerous locations and road sections. This paper is based on the analysis of safety on county roads in the Republic of Croatia. The analysis will be conducted using the Rate Quality Control method and data on traffic accidents from 2019 to 2021. After the analysis is completed, the county roads will be ranked according to their level of danger and further analyzed based on certain criteria
Maintainance of Mil Mi 171SH helicopter power plant by monitoring the working parameters
No full textProces održavanja zrakoplova je ključan faktor eksploatacije i održavanja sigurnosti i plovidbenosti. Koncepti održavanja su se groz godine mjenjali, te je prvotni oblik održavanja bio tzv. 'Hard Time ' oblik. Taj način podrazumjeva zamjenu komponenti u fiksnim intervalima vremena koje određuje proizvođać zrakoplova, definiranim u satima leta ili satima rada ili ciklusima rada. Kroz godine razvitka zrakoplovstva razvijen je koncept praćenja radnih parametara. Taj koncept omogučava smanjenja troškova održavanja i povečanja resursa zrakoplova i njegovih komponenti. Primarno je primjenjen u civilnom zrakoplovstvu, a počeo se primjenjivati i u vojnom zrakoplovstvu zapadnih zemalja. Hrvatsko ratno zrakoplovstvo raspolaže helikopetrima Mil Mi171sh, koji se održavaju po 'Hard Time' principu. U ovom radu istržuju se mogučnosti primjene tog pristupa na dani helikopter.The process of aircraft maintenance is one of key factors in maintaining aircaft airworthiness, safety in its lifetime of exploitation. The concepts of aircraft maintenance have evolved during the years, the first f whom has been the 'Hard Time' concept. This concept estimates the time of replacement of individual components in a time interval determined by the aircraft manufacturer, defined in: aircraft flight hours, aircraft cycles, and hours of operation. As the years passed, a new concept was designed, maintenance by monitoring of the working parameters. This concept enables the reduction of the cost of maintenance and improves aircraft reliability. It is primarily used in civil aviation, and is being introduced by western air forces. The Croatian Air Force operates the Mil Mi171sh helicopter, maintained by the 'Hard Time' method. This thesis investigates the possibility of maintaining this helicopter whit the Trend monitoring concept
Bell 206B Helicopter Noise Measurement and Analysis
No full textBuka je značajan faktor koji može utjecati na sposobnost pilota da obavlja svoj posao. Prekomjerna razina buke u kokpitu ili na pisti mogu pilotima otežati komunikaciju s kontrolom zračnog prometa i osobljem na zemlji, povećavajući rizik od pogrešne komunikacije i nesreća, stoga je bitno proučiti karakteristike buke i posljedice na zdravlje prekomjerne razine buke kojom su izloženi pilot zrakoplova. Prvih par poglavlja opisuje karakteristike buke i zvuka te opisuje posljedice na sluh i zdravlje osoba izloženim velikim razinama buke. Preostali dio rada opisuje helikopter kao izvor buke i tehničko eksplotacijske karakteristike helikoptera Bell 206B te metodu i postupak mjerenja s analizom dobivenih rezultata. Cilj ovog rada je izmjeriti i analizirati razinu kabinske buke helikoptera Bell 206B i procijeniti jesu li postojeće metode zaštite sluha dovoljne.Noise is a significant factor that can affect a pilot's ability to perform his job. Excessive noise levels in the cockpit or on the runway can make it difficult for pilots to communicate with air traffic control and ground personnel, increasing the risk of miscommunication and accidents, therefore it is essential to study the characteristics of noise and the health consequences of excessive noise levels to which aircraft pilots are exposed. The first couple of chapters describe the characteristics of noise and sound and describe the consequences for the hearing and health of people exposed to high levels of noise. The remaining part of the paper describes the helicopter as a source of noise and the technical operating characteristics of the Bell 206B helicopter, as well as the measurement method and procedure with an analysis of the obtained results. The aim of this thesis is to measure and analyze the cabin noise level of the Bell 206B helicopter and evaluate whether the existing hearing protection methods are sufficient
Optimization of Existing Traffic Flows at the M17 and M17.3 Intersection in the City of Mostar
No full textU ovom diplomskom radu dati su prijedlozi rješenja u svrhu optimizacije postojećeg stanja raskrižja u naselju Buna, u gradu Mostaru. Na osnovu provedene analize postojećeg stanja, odnosno analize prometnih tokova, brojanja prometa i analize sigurnosti, utvrđeni su nedostaci, odnosno razlozi zbog kojih dolazi do repova čekanja, prometnih nesreća, te samim time do smanjenja sigurnosti svih sudionika u prometu. Uvidom u stvarno stanje raskrižja dati su prijedlozi rješenja u skladu s prometnih zahtjevima za postojeće stanje kao i za prognozirano razdoblje za budućih 20 godina. Predložena rješenja izrađena su u programskom alatu AutoCad. Na samom kraju, u svrhu utvrđivanja učinkovitosti predloženih rješenja, pomoću programskog alata PTV Vissim provedena je evaluacija predloženih rješenja, te komparacija izlaznih rezultata simulacijskog modela. Na osnovu komparacije izlaznih rezultata predlaže se rješenje koje odgovara prometnim zahtjevima raskrižja na osnovu razine usluge, repa čekanja, maksimalnog repa čekanja i vremena kašnjenja.In this master's thesis, proposals for solutions were provided with the aim of optimizing the existing condition of the intersection in the Buna neighborhood, located in the city of Mostar. Based on the analysis of the current situation, including the analysis of traffic flows, traffic counting, and safety assessment, deficiencies and reasons for traffic congestion, accidents, and consequently reduced safety for all road users were identified. After examining the actual state of the intersection, solutions were proposed in accordance with the traffic requirements for the current condition, as well as for the projected period of the next 20 years. The proposed solutions were developed using the AutoCAD software tool. In order to determine the effectiveness of the proposed solutions, an evaluation of the proposed solutions was conducted using the PTV Vissim software tool, along with a comparison of the output results of the simulation model. Based on the comparison of the output results, a solution is proposed that meets the traffic requirements of the intersection based on the level of service, queue length, maximum queue length, and delay time
Conceptual Solution Optimizing the Existing Traffic Flows at the Maršal Tito Street and M17 Intersection in the City of Mostar
No full textU ovom diplomskom radu predloženo je idejno rješenje u cilju optimizacije postojećih prometnih tokova predmetnog raskrižja. Naime, riječ je o jednom od najopterećenijih raskrižja u gradu Mostaru čiji se nedostatak očituje kroz duge repove čekanja, odnosno vremenima kašnjenja posebice na sporednom privozu u vršnim satima. Kako bi se utvrdio točan nedostatak raskrižja provedena je detaljna analiza postojećeg stanja, a nakon analize provedena je prognoza prometa za narednih 20 godina. Na temelju dobivenih zaključaka predloženo je idejno rješenje s ciljem optimizacije postojećih prometnih tokova koje je izrađeno pomoću programskog alata AutoCAD. Kako bi se utvrdila učinkovitost predloženog rješenja napravljena je evaluacija rezultata simulacije postojećeg stanja i idejnog rješenja koje su međusobno uspoređene i koje su izrađene pomoću mikrosimulacijskog alata PTV Vissim. Na samom kraju je obrazloženo u kojoj mjeri idejno rješenje udovoljava zahtjevima propusne moći i sigurnosti uzimajući u obzir prometnu potražnju u narednih 20 godina.In this graduate work, a conceptual solution was proposed in order to optimize the existing traffic flows of the subject intersection. Namely, it is one of the most congested intersections in the city of Mostar, the lack of which is manifested in long queues, i.e. delays, especially on the side access during peak hours. In order to determine the exact lack of an intersection, a detailed analysis of the current situation was carried out, and after the analysis, a traffic forecast for the next 20 years was carried out. Based on the obtained conclusions, a conceptual solution was proposed with the aim of optimizing existing traffic flows, which was created using the AutoCAD software tool. In order to determine the effectiveness of the proposed solution, an evaluation was made of the results of the simulation of the existing state and the conceptual solution, which were compared with each other and were created using the PTV Vissim microsimulation tool. At the very end, it is explained to what extent the conceptual solution meets the requirements of bandwidth and safety, taking into account traffic demand in the next 20 years
Effect of Vehicle Suspension on Road Safety
No full textU ovom radu prikazati će se važnost stabilnosti cestovnih vozila u pogledu upravljanja prednjih i stražnjih kotača kao i sama geometrija kotača i upravljački servosustavi vozila. Izvedba ovjesa podijeljena je u pet klasa (pasivni, adaptivni, niskoaktivni, aktivni, poluaktivni) gdje svaki od njih ima svoju namjenu. Veliku važnost ima ovjes prednjih i stražnjih kotača (MacPherson za prednji ovjes kotača, De Dionov most za stražnji ovjes kotača). Uz ovjes tu su opružni i prigušni elementi koji su usko vezani. Kotači i pneumatici predstavljaju vrlo bitan faktor sigurnosti i mogućnosti upravljanja vozilom. Suvremena tehnička rješenja ovješenja kod cestovnih vozila su primjer visoke sigurnosti i udobnosti vožnje bez obzira na način eksploatacije vozila.This paper will show the importance of the stability of road vehicles in terms of steering the front and rear wheels, as well as the geometry of the wheels and the steering servo systems of the vehicle. The performance of the suspension is divided into five classes (passive, adaptive, low-active, active, semi-active) where each of them has its own purpose. The suspension of the front and rear wheels is of great importance (MacPherson for the front wheel suspension, De Dion bridge for the rear wheel suspension). Along with the suspension there are spring and damping elements that are closely related. Wheels and pneumatics represent a very important factor in the safety and ability to drive the vehicle. Modern technical suspension solutions for road vehicles are an example of high safety and driving comfort, regardless of the way the vehicle is used