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Technical Exploitation Characteristics of Road Vehicles in Transport of General Cargo
No full textU radu su objašnjene opće značajke teretnog zračnog transporta, kao i tehničke i eksploatacijske značajke teretnih aviona, te analizirane iste na primjeru par različitih modela transportnih aviona od dva proizvođača koja slove kao najveći na tržištu. Izvedene karakteristike su kasnije uspoređene kako bi se vidjelo kako se ti avioni, u pogledu izvedenih tehničkih i eksploatacijskih karakteristika nose sa konkurentima na tržištu. U radu se uspoređuju modeli sa onima drugih linija istog proizvođača, kao i s onim srodnim modelima iz konkurentne tvrtke.The paper explains the general characteristics of cargo air transport, as well as technical and operational characteristics of cargo aircraft, and analyses them on the example of a couple of different models of transport aircraft from two manufacturers that are known as two the largest on the market. The derived characteristics were later compared to see how these aircraft, in terms of derived technical and operational characteristics, cope with competitors in the market. The paper compares the models with those of other lines of the same manufacturer, as well as with those related models from a competing company
Sustainable forms of energy in road traffic
No full textCestovni promet je najrazvijenija grana prometnog sustava. Svojim velikim prednostima olakšava prijevoz ljudi i robe. S druge strane troši najviše energije i time zagađuje okoliš i doprinosi klimatskih promjena. Cestovna vozila još u velikim količinama koriste fosilna goriva za svoj pogon čijim izgaranjem nastaju mnogobrojni ispušni plinovi. Takvim načinom funkcioniranja ne postiže se dobra energetska učinkovitost i smanjuju se inicijativa za ekološkim poboljšanjima. Kako bi se postigla što veća energetska i ekološka učinkovitost, potrebno je razvijati i unaprijediti održive oblike energije u cestovnom prometu što je i tema ovog završnog rada. Osim održivih oblika energije mogu se koristiti i alternativna goriva koja predstavljaju samo zamjenu za konvencionalna goriva i nemaju tako velik ekološki doprinos kao održiva energija. Održivi oblici energije sagledavaju se u energiji sunca, vjetra, vode, geotermalnoj energiji, energiji biomase i biogorivu te vodiku. Svaki održivi oblik ima svoje prednosti, kao i nedostatke. U ovom radu oni su detaljno analizirani te je istražen potencijal pojedinog oblika energije kao i mogućnost korištenja i primjene u cestovnom prometu.Road transport is the most developed branch of the transport system. With its great advantages, it facilitates the transport of people and goods. On the other hand, it consumes the most energy and thereby pollutes the environment and contributes to climate change. Road vehicles still use fossil fuels in large quantities for their propulsion, the combustion of which produces numerous exhaust gases. Such a way of functioning does not achieve good energy efficiency and reduces the initiative for environmental improvements. In order to achieve the greatest possible energy and environmental efficiency, it is necessary to develop and improve sustainable forms of energy in road transport, which is the topic of this final thesis. In addition to sustainable forms of energy, alternative fuels can also be used, which are only substitutes for conventional fuels and do not have as great an environmental contribution as sustainable energy. Sustainable forms of energy are seen in the energy of the sun, wind, water, geothermal energy, biomass energy and biofuel, and hydrogen. Each sustainable form has its advantages as well as disadvantages. In this paper, they are analyzed in detail and the potential of each form of energy is investigated, as well as the possibility of use and application in road traffic
Review and Analysis of the Free Zones in Republic of Croatia
No full textGlobalnim rastom trgovine i razvojem novih tehnologija koje su omogućile bržu i jednostavniju povezanost i umreženost svih sudionika u procesu stavljeni su veliki zahtjevi na državne vlade i poslovne subjekte koji čine opskrbni lanac. Slobodne zone predstavljaju specifična područja unutar državnih granica koja pružaju posebne pogodnosti i poticaje za privlačenje stranih investicija i poticanje trgovine. Rad je podijeljen u tri veća dijela u kojima se daje pregled i značaj slobodnih zona. U prvom dijelu prikazani su osnovni pojmovi i poslovi u obavljanju špediterske usluge. Zatim se analizira zakonodavni okvir i regulative vezane za carinski sustav u Republici Hrvatskoj koji je usko vezan za poslovanje slobodnih zona te se naposlijetku daje pregled slobodnih zona u zemlji. Navode se njihove lokacije, veličine, specifičnosti i vrste industrija koje su prisutne u tim zonama. Rad pruža cjelovit pregled slobodnih zona u Republici Hrvatskoj i doprinosi boljem razumijevanju njihove uloge u gospodarskom razvoju zemlje.With the global trade growth and development of the new technologies that have enabled faster and easier connections and networking among all participants in the process, significant demends have been placed on countries goverments and businesses that make up the supply chain. Free zones represent specific areas within national borders that provide special benefits and incentives to attract foreign investment and stimulate trades. The paper is divided into three main sections that provide an overview and significance of free zones. The first section presents the basic concepts and activities involved in freight forwarding services. Next, it analyzes the legislative framework and regulations related to the customs system in the Republic of Croatia, which is closely linked to the operation of free zones. Finally, an overview of the free zones in the country is provided, including their locations, sizes, specific characteristics, and types of industries present in these zones. The paper provides a comprehensive overview of free zones in the Republic of Croatia and contributes to a better understanding of their role in the country's economic development
Cargo Transport Organization by Using Transport Exchange
No full textDiplomski rad istražuje organizaciju prijevoza tereta korištenjem burze prijevoza kao inovativni pristup optimizaciji logističkih operacija. Burze prijevoza predstavljaju platforme koje povezuju tvrtke koje imaju teret (naručitelje) za prijevoz s prijevoznicima koji imaju raspoložive kapacitete. Ovakav model poslovanja omogućuje tvrtkama da poboljšaju iskorištenost svojih vozila, smanje troškove prijevoza te povećaju fleksibilnost i operativnu efikasnost. U diplomskom radu se analiziraju glavni čimbenici koji utječu na organizaciju prijevoza tereta u cestovnom i pomorskom prometu, uključujući dostupnost i raspoloživost prijevoznih kapaciteta, specifične zahtjeve tereta, udaljenosti i vremenske ograničenja. Prikazan je i način funkcioniranja burze prijevoza tereta HUBBIG, kao i prednosti i izazovi koji se pojavljuju prilikom korištenja.Master's thesis investigates the organization of cargo transportation using the transport exchange platforms as an innovative approach to the optimization of logistics operations. Transportation exchanges are platforms that connect companies that have cargo (customers) for transportation with carriers that have available capacity. This business model allows companies to improve the utilization of their vehicles, reduce transportation costs, and increase flexibility and operational efficiency. The thesis analyzes the main factors that influence the organization of cargo transportation in road and maritime transport, including the availability and availability of transportation capacities, specific cargo requirements, distances and time constraints. Additionally, it presents the functioning of the freight exchange platform HUBBIG, as well as the benefits and challenges associated with its utilization
Analysis and Role of System Information Elements in the Network Operator
No full textOvaj rad bavi se analizom i ulogom informacijskog sustava kod mrežnog operatora koja ima ključnu važnost u modernoj telekomunikacijskoj industriji. Informacijski sustav mrežnog operatora obuhvaća širok spektar komponenti, uključujući mrežnu infrastrukturu, softverske aplikacije, podatkovne baze i korisničko sučelje. Ova analiza istražuje kako svaki od tih elemenata doprinosi efikasnom upravljanju mrežom i pružanju usluga korisnicima. Mrežna infrastruktura omogućuje fizičku povezanost i komunikaciju u mreži, dok softverske aplikacije olakšavaju nadzor, upravljanje i kontrolu nad mrežom. Posebna pažnja posvećuje se i ulozi informacijskog sustava u prikupljanju, analizi i obradi podataka. Ovaj aspekt je od iznimne važnosti jer omogućuje mrežnom operatoru da donosi informirane odluke, identificira trendove i obrasce te optimizira svoje poslovne procese. Osim toga, informacijski sustav ima ključnu ulogu u sigurnosti i zaštiti mrežnog operatora. Sigurnost informacijskog sustava je vrlo bitna kako bi se osigurala povjerljivost, integritet i dostupnost podataka. To uključuje zaštitu od neovlaštenog pristupa, napada i zlouporabe. Mrežni operator mora implementirati tehničke mjere poput firewalla, enkrpicije podata i autentikacije kako bi osigurao sigurnost svojih sustava. Također je važno imati procedure za upravljanje sigurnošću, uključujući obuku zaposlenika o sigurnosnim postupcima i reakcijama na incidente. Ovakav sveobuhvatan pristup sigurnosti pomaže zaštiti informacijskih sustava mrežnog operatora od potencijalnih prijetnji i ranjivosti. Ukupno gledano, informacijski sustav mrežnog operatora je temeljni dio njihovih operacija i ključan za pružanje visokokvalitetnih telekomunikacijskih usluga. Sigurnost i zaštita tih sustava su od najveće važnosti kako bi se očuvala pouzdanost i povjerenje korisnika.This paper deals with the analysis and role of the information system in the case of a network operator, which is of crucial importance in the modern telecommunications industry. The information system of a network operator encompasses a wide range of components, including network infrastructure, software applications, databases, and user interfaces. This analysis explores how each of these elements contributes to efficient network management and service provision to users. The network infrastructure enables the physical connectivity and communication within the network, while software applications facilitate monitoring, management, and control of the network. Special attention is also given to the role of the information system in data collection, analysis, and processing. This aspect is of paramount importance as it enables the network operator to make informed decisions, identify trends and patterns, and optimize its business processes. Furthermore, the information system plays a crucial role in the security and protection of the network operator. Information system security is vital to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. This includes protection against unauthorized access, attacks, and misuse. The network operator must implement technical measures such as firewalls, data encryption, and authentication to secure its systems. It is also important to have security management procedures in place, including employee training on security procedures and responses to incidents. Such a comprehensive approach to security helps protect the information systems of the network operator from potential threats and vulnerabilities. Overall, the information system of a network operator is a fundamental part of their operations and essential for providing high-quality telecommunications services. The security and protection of these systems are of utmost importance to preserve the reliability and trust of users
Effects of Intermodal Transport in Environmental Protection
No full textIntermodalni promet danas predstavlja veliku ulogu u zaštiti okoliša od negativnih utjecaja prometa i klimatskim promjenama. Zbog loše uporabe fosilnih goriva dolazi do temperaturnih promjena zato razvijanjem i ulaganjem u intermodalni promet pokušavaju se smanjiti emisije štetnih plinova pomoću raznih mjera za zaštitu okoliša. Svaka grana prometa ima svoje prednosti i nedostatke, a pri transportu robe pokušavaju se iskoristiti prednosti da bi utjecaj nedostataka na okoliš bio slabiji. Vrste transporta koje obuhvaća ovaj završni rad su cestovni, željeznički, zračni i vodni promet. Cestovni transport kao vodeći zagađivač okoliša predstavlja najveći problem koji je potrebno minimizirati, a moguće je to učiniti poticajem upotrebe intermodalnog transporta.Today, intermodal transport plays a major role in protecting the environment from the negative impacts of transport and climate change. Due to the poor use of fossil fuels, temperature changes occur, therefore, by developing and investing in intermodal transport, attempts are made to reduce emissions of harmful gases by means of various environmental protection measures. Each branch of transport has its advantages and disadvantages, and when transporting goods, they try to use the advantages in order to reduce the impact of the disadvantages on the environment. The types of transport covered by this thesis are road, rail, air and water transport. Road transport as a leading polluter of the environment represents the biggest problem that needs to be minimized, and it is possible to do this by encouraging the use of intermodal transport
Application of Newsvendor Model in Inventory Planning
No full textUspješna tvrtka mora imati razrađeni sustav upravljanja zalihama te mora voditi računa o optimalnim količinama zaliha. Kako bi se ostvarila dobit i zadovoljili zahtjevi kupaca istovremeno, potrebno je imati kvalitetan model upravljanja zalihama robe. Optimalne zalihe osiguravaju kontinuirano funkcioniranje sustava uz najniže troškove nabave i skladištenja. Različiti modeli upravljanja zalihama imaju svoje prednosti i nedostatke, stoga je ključno unaprijed isplanirati koji model zadovoljava potrebe poslovanja. Dodatne izazove predstavlja roba s ograničenim vijekom trajanja (voće, novine, odjeća). Potrošači sve manje toleriraju nestašice zaliha te se bez oklijevanja obraćaju konkurenciji ako ne pronađu proizvod koji žele u savršenom stanju. Samim time, tvrtke koje prodaju robu s ograničenim vijekom trajanja moraju omogućiti dovoljnu razinu zaliha koja će pokriti potražnju kupaca, a da pritom imaju minimalni broj preostalih proizvoda na zalihama nakon prodajne sezone. Za tvrtke to znači da moraju dobro procijeniti optimalnu količinu zaliha za svoje proizvode. Jedan od modela pomoću kojeg se može odrediti optimalna razina zaliha za proizvode ograničenog vijeka trajanja jest Newsvendor model koji je jedan od najpopularnijih analitičkih modela u znanosti o odlučivanju i upravljanju operacijama.A successful trader must have a sophisticated inventory management system and be concerned about optimal stock levels. A quality inventory management model is necessary to make a profit while satisfying customer demand. Optimal inventory levels ensure the continuous functioning of the system with the lowest procurement and storage costs. Different inventory management models have their advantages and disadvantages, so it is crucial to plan in advance which model fits the company's needs. An additional challenge is posed by goods with a limited shelf life (fruit, newspapers, clothing). Consumers are increasingly less tolerant of shortages and will not hesitate to turn to the competition if they cannot find the desired product in perfect condition. Consequently, companies selling goods with a limited shelf life need to maintain sufficient stock to meet customer demand while keeping a minimum number of products in stock after the selling season. For companies, this means that they need to carefully estimate the optimal amount of inventory to hold for their products. One of the models that can be used to determine optimal inventory levels for products with limited shelf life is the newsvendor model, which is one of the most popular analytical models in decision science and operations management
Dominant Factors of Mobile Workers' Fatigue in Logistics Processes
No full textTijekom dugotrajnog upravljanja teretnim motornim vozilom kod mobilnih radnika pojavljuje se umor, pospanost, fluktuacija pažnje i budnosti koji povećavaju frekvenciju krivih reakcija, te potencijalno uzrokuju teške posljedice za sigurnost svih sudionika u logističkim procesima u segmentu transportne logistike. U radu su predočeni i detaljno opisani dominantni čimbenici umora, gdje čovjek koji u osnovnoj podjeli čimbenika prometnog sustava, vozačprometno sredstvo-prometni okoliš, čini najslabiju kariku i kao takav je podložan utjecaju raznih negativnih čimbenika koji mogu negativno utjecati na uspješnost izvedbe kod mobilnih radnika. Zadaci mobilnih radnika zahtijevaju kontinuiranu pozornost stoga moraju biti planirani tako da, osim radnih perioda, uključuju i periode odmora radi smanjenja rizika od nesreća, koji se inače povećava u funkciji povećavanja umora. U tom segmentu, važnost ispravnog organiziranja smjena i rasporeda vožnji od krucijalne je važnosti, kako za mobilne radnike, tako i za sve sudionike u prometu. Osim pomoću organizacije smjenskoga rada, predlaže se reduciranje pojave i/ili posljedica umora u logističkim procesima pomoću naprednih sustava za prevenciju i /ili detekciju umora ugrađenih u teretna vozila, odnosno višom razinom automatizacije voznoga parka, te pomoću više istovremenih zahvata u prometnom i radnom okolišu mobilnih radnika. Među navedenim, istražilo se kako se primjenom IRAP metodologije bitno može olakšati selekcija lokacija prometnih nesreća za koje umor može biti potencijalni uzrok, a sve u svrhu sprječavanja nastanaka prometnih nesreća, ali i smanjenja udjela čimbenika iz grupe „ljudskog faktora“.During the long-term control of the truck with the mobile workers, fatigue, drowsiness, attention and alertness fluctuations occur that increase the frequency of errors, and potentially cause severe consequences for the safety of all participants in logistics processes in the transport logistics segment. The paper presents and describes in detail the dominant factors of fatigue, where a man who in the basic division of factors of the transport system, a driver-traffic agenttraffic environment, makes the weakest link and as such is subject to the influence of various negative factors that can negatively affect performance in mobile workers. The tasks of mobile workers that require continuous attention must be planned so that, except for working periods, they include rest periods to reduce the risk of accidents, which otherwise increases in the function of increasing fatigue. In this segment, the importance of properly organizing shifts and driving schedules is crucial, both for mobile workers and for all road users. In addition to the organization of shift work, it is proposed to reduce the occurrence and / or consequences of fatigue in logistics processes using advanced prevention systems and /or the detection of fatigue installed in trucks, ie. higher level of fleet automation, and by means of more simultaneous interventions in the transport and work environment of mobile workers. Among these, it has been explored how, by applying the IRAP methodology, the selection of locations of traffic accident for which fatigue can be a potential cause can be significantly facilitated, and all for the purpose of preventing traffic accidents, but also to reduce the proportion of factors in the group „human factor “
Road Vehicle Damage Assessment Improvement Procedure Options
No full textMetodologija procjene štete na vozilima je proces kojim se utvrđuje postotak oštećenja vozila, te visina financijskog iznosa koji je potreban za popravak oštećenja. Procjenitelj mora posjedovati potrebna znanja o elementima i sklopovima vozila. Zbog lakšeg razumijevanja teme završnog rada ukratko su opisani elementi i sklopovi vozila. Prilikom procjene procjenitelj mora koristiti standardizirane smjernice za procjenu štete. Izuzev smjernica koriste se i pomoćni alati, kao što je program Audatex. Audatex sustav procjene štete koristi napredne algoritme i bazu podataka kako bi pružio brzu i preciznu procjenu štete na vozilima. Napredak tehnologije i razvitka umjetne inteligencije utjecao je na način procjene štete. U završnom radu opisane su tehnologije automatske procjene koje rade na principu umjetne inteligencije i računalnog vida.The vehicle damage assessment methodology is a process that determines the percentage of vehicle damage and the financial amount required to repair the damage. The appraiser must have the necessary knowledge of vehicle components and assemblies. For easier understanding of the topic of the final paper, the elements and assemblies of the vehicle are briefly described. During the assessment, the assessor must use standardized guidelines for damage assessment. In addition to the guidelines, auxiliary tools are also used, such as the Audatex program. The Audatex damage assessment system uses advanced algorithms and a database to provide a quick and accurate assessment of vehicle damage. The progress of technology and the development of artificial intelligence has influenced the way damage is assessed. The final paper describes automatic assessment technologies that work on the principle of artificial intelligence and computer vision
Design and Performance of the Snecma M88 Engine on the Dassault Rafale Aircraft
No full textU ovom završnom radu opisuju se konstrukcijske karakteristike i performanse mlaznih motora za borbene zrakoplove na primjeru turbo ventilatorskog motora sa naknadnim izgaranjem Snecma M88 koji je ugrađen na borbenom zrakoplovu Dassault Rafale. Prikazan je idealni Braytonov ciklus za mlazni motor i za mlazni motor sa naknadnim izgaranjem. Prikazan je matematički model za izračun potiska ove vrste mlaznih motora. Ovisnost potiska o eksploatacijskim parametrima prikazana je pomoću dijagrama.This thesis is created to describe structural characteristics and performance of jet engines constructed for fighter planes on an example of a jet engine with afterburner capability Snecma M88 engine which is installed and used on Dassault Rafale aircraft. Ideal Brayton cycle has been shown for turbojet engines and turbojet engines with afterburners. Mathematical model is presented for calculating the thrust on this type of engine. The dependence of thrust on the exploitation parameters which are shown using diagrams