Gutenberg Open Science (Univ. Mainz)
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Diagnostic performance of optical spectral transmission compared to magnetic resonance imaging in patients with inflammatory arthritis
No full textBackground
Optical spectral transmission (OST) is a modern diagnostic method capable of quantifying inflammation in the finger and wrist joints of arthritis patients by assessing the blood-specific absorption of light transmitted through a tissue. The diagnostic performance of this modality has not been adequately examined and data regarding OST associations with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are limited. Aim of this study was therefore to investigate the performance of OST in assessing joint inflammation as compared to MRI in patients with inflammatory arthritis (IA).
Methods
Data from patients who underwent MRI and OST for suspected IA were analyzed. For comparison, a historical healthy control (HC) group with OST was also accounted. MRI findings were quantified using the Rheumatoid Arthritis MRI Score (RAMRIS). Diagnostic accuracy of OST was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC), while correlation analyses were conducted to explore relationships between OST and MRI, as well as disease activity markers.
Results
Overall, 71 patients with known rheumatic diseases (n = 1,542 wrist and finger joints) and 114 HC (n = 2,508 joints) subjects were included. 51 patients showed inflammatory signs on MRI (MRI+). These also showed significantly higher OST scores (16.41 ± 5.53) than subjects without MRI inflammation (MRI-) (11.52 ± 5.03) or HC (10.78 ± 4.19) (all; p < 0.001). OST showed significant correlations with RAMRIS-synovitis and tenosynovitis scores in the MRI + group (rho = 0.541, p < 0.001; rho = 0.341, p = 0.01, respectively). Significant correlations were observed between OST and clinical parameters for disease activity. Using MRI as a reference, the best diagnostic value of OST was observed at the wrist level in the MRI + group, by an AUC of 0.833 (95%CI 0.700-0.966).
Conclusion
OST showed an excellent performance compared to MRI and correlated significantly with RAMRIS scores and clinical parameters in IA patients, also differentiating IA from HC
Thermally activated and nonactivated excited state decay of [Cr(dgpy)2]3+
No full textPhotoactive and luminescent chromium(III) complexes are typically coordinated by aromatic N-heterocyclic chelate ligands such as polypyridines. Photoluminescence quantum yields and lifetimes can achieve up to 30% and several milliseconds, respectively. The effect of aliphatic N-donor ligands (guanidines) on the nonradiative decay of emissive doublet states remained, however, underexplored. Here, we describe the preparation, structure, redox chemistry, gas phase stability, and photophysical properties of the complex [Cr(dgpy)2][PF6]3 with pyridine and guanidine donors (dgpy = 2,6-diguanidylpyridine). Variable-temperature luminescence spectroscopy, near-infrared overtone spectroscopy as well as quantum chemical calculations identified the major thermally activated and nonactivated decay pathways and inform on future design criteria for photoactive chromium(III) complexes
Psychometric properties and norm values of a short screening version of the profile of mood states POMS from the German general population
No full textThe current study aimed to provide further evidence of the structural validity of the 16-item-short version of the Profile of Mood States (POMS), a widely-used tool for assessing an individual’s emotional state. This is significant for various research inquiries in clinical and social psychology. In order to cross-validate previous findings, an additional evaluation of the factorial structure and the psychometric properties is necessary in a newly collected dataset. A representative sample for age and gender of N = 2503 with 1329 (53%) female, 1173 (47%) male, and 1 (< 1%) diverse, with a mean age of M = 46 (SD = 18) was collected. The model fit for the four-factor model was acceptable, with good reliability for all factors. We found evidence for (partial) strict invariance between gender and age groups. There were small to moderate group differences for the Anger and Vigor subscales regarding age. We report normative percentile ranks. Our findings suggest that the POMS-16 is a dependable and structurally valid gauge of mood states. Especially in situations where a brief and cost-effective assessment is preferred, the POMS-16 should be a considered option
Acute appendicitis in patients suffering from Immunocompromising hematologic malignancies or chemotherapy-related leukopenia : a cohort study
No full textBackground
Acute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency, but its diagnosis can be challenging in patients with hematologic malignancies or chemotherapy-induced leukopenia due to an impaired inflammatory response. The clinical presentation of acute appendicitis in these patients is often atypical, leading to delayed or misdiagnosis. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of appendectomy in patients with hematologic malignancies or chemotherapy-induced leukopenia and assess the applicability of clinical scoring systems for the diagnosis of an acute appendicitis.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with hematologic malignancies or chemotherapy-related leukopenia who underwent appendectomy for suspected acute appendicitis between 2007 and 2023. Clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and imaging results were reviewed. The accuracy and relevance of clinical scoring systems for diagnosing acute appendicitis in these patients were also evaluated.
Results
Our study included 12 patients with hematologic malignancies or chemotherapy-induced leukopenia who underwent appendectomy. Atypical clinical presentations were common, with a lower frequency of fever, elevated leukocytes, and other typical inflammatory markers. Only one patient developed postoperative complications (acute kidney failure), and none of the patients died due to appendicitis. Clinical scoring systems demonstrated limited applicability in this patient population, often underestimating the likelihood of appendicitis.
Conclusion
Diagnosing acute appendicitis in patients with hematologic malignancies or chemotherapy-induced leukopenia poses significant challenges, as standard scoring systems prove unreliable. The presence of abdominal pain coupled with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels should prompt a multidisciplinary evaluation and timely imaging. Surgical therapies, particularly laparoscopic approaches, appear safe and feasible in these patients. Ongoing research is essential to refine surgical strategies for the growing population of immunocompromised individuals
Between commodification and autonomy : the impact of audience analytics on editorial production processes and implications for media organizations and society
No full textThis dissertation explores commodification tendencies in journalism through the lens of audience analytics use. Its aim is to provide a detailed understanding of these data-driven evaluation practices and their impact on editorial routines, journalistic role conceptions, and strategic media management. Drawing on five interlinked sub-projects that employ multiple theoretical and methodological approaches, it examines how audience analytics are used, what drives their adoption, and what implications they hold across various levels of journalistic production, from individual attitudes to organizational legitimacy practices.
The findings indicate that while audience analytics are widely integrated into newsroom workflows, their influence remains context-dependent. Market orientation emerges as a dominant but often unreflected paradigm, often subtly shaping editorial priorities. At the same time, traditional journalistic values and professional autonomy persist, coexisting in hybrid role configurations. Audience analytics also contribute to the emergence of an audit culture, enabling new forms of managerial control and strategic legitimation both internally and externally. The dissertation highlights reflection as a critical yet underutilized counterbalance to the instrumental use of performance metrics. It proposes proprietary, value-based measurement systems as a promising but challenging alternative to commercially defined success criteria. Rather than rejecting quantification outright, the dissertation argues for a more deliberate integration of normative, democratic considerations into the evaluation of journalistic performance.
In sum, the work advocates for a heightened awareness among journalists, media managers, and policymakers of the normative foundations of journalism as a democratic institution. Commodification is not inherently problematic—but becomes so when it silently reshapes professional practices without critical reflection. Measuring the quality of journalism should not be reduced to audience metrics alone; instead, it must account for the broader societal role journalism plays in informing the public and strengthening democracy.Diese Dissertation untersucht Kommerzialisierungstendenzen im Journalismus am Beispiel der Nutzung von Audience Analytics. Ziel ist es, ein differenziertes Verständnis dieser datenbasierten Bewertungspraktiken sowie ihrer Auswirkungen auf redaktionelle Routinen, journalistische Rollenbilder und das strategische Medienmanagement zu entwickeln. Auf der Grundlage von fünf miteinander verknüpften Teilprojekten, die unterschiedliche theoretische und methodische Ansätze kombinieren, wird analysiert, wie Audience Analytics verwendet werden, welche Faktoren ihre Nutzung begünstigen und welche Implikationen sich auf verschiedenen Ebenen journalistischer Produktion – von individuellen Einstellungen bis hin zu organisationalen Legitimationspraktiken – ergeben.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Audience Analytics in redaktionelle Arbeitsabläufe weitgehend integriert sind, ihr Einfluss jedoch kontextabhängig bleibt. Eine marktorientierte Logik zeigt sich als dominantes, jedoch häufig unreflektiertes Paradigma, das redaktionelle Entscheidungen oftmals implizit beeinflusst. Gleichzeitig bestehen klassische journalistische Wertvorstellungen und professionelle Autonomie fort, die sich in hybriden Rollenkonfigurationen mit datengetriebenen Orientierungen überlagern. Darüber hinaus leisten Audience Analytics einen Beitrag zur Etablierung einer Evaluations-Kultur, die neue Formen der Steuerung und Legitimation innerhalb und außerhalb von Redaktionen ermöglicht.
Die Arbeit hebt die Bedeutung von Reflexion als zentrales, bislang jedoch unzureichend genutztes Korrektiv zur instrumentellen Nutzung von Performanzkennzahlen hervor. Proprietäre, wertebasierte Messsysteme werden als vielversprechende – wenn auch herausfordernde – Alternative zu kommerziell geprägten Erfolgsmetriken diskutiert. Anstatt Quantifizierung grundsätzlich abzulehnen, plädiert die Dissertation für eine bewusste und normative Einbettung demokratischer Werte in die Bewertung journalistischer Leistung.IX, 272 Seiten ; Diagramm
From fragmented data to linked history : developing the FAIR Epigraphic vocabularies
No full textThe digital study of ancient inscriptions has undergone rapid growth. However, much of the data remains scattered across separate databases with varying levels of interoperability, presenting opportunities for improved integration that would facilitate large-scale analysis and enable researchers to draw broader connections. The FAIR Epigraphy project aims to overcome these challenges by developing a shared, community-driven framework of standardised vocabularies, terms and concepts for epigraphic data based on documented community needs. Following in the footsteps of the EAGLE Europeana Project and aligned with international authorities such as the Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus and major epigraphic databases, the project provides stable, linked open data designed for interoperability across the semantic web.
The FAIR Epigraphy framework supports the integration of domain-specific controlled vocabularies with Wikidata to create richer, more accessible knowledge networks. Established vocabularies, such as those for inscription types and bilingualism, are already available as RDF Turtle files with stable URIs, with continuous expansion planned throughout 2025. The controlled vocabularies support consistent terminology across projects and allow researchers to query across databases and connect inscriptions to wider cultural heritage resources. By enabling more coherent and data-rich research, FAIR Epigraphy is opening new pathways for collaborative and computational approaches to studying the ancient world
Nonreciprocity in magnon mediated charge-spin-orbital current interconversion
Get PDFIn magnetic systems, angular momentum is carried by spin and orbital degrees of freedom. Nonlocal devices, comprising heavy-metal nanowires on magnetic insulators like yttrium iron garnet (YIG), enable angular momentum transport via magnons. These magnons are polarized by spin accumulation at the interface through the spin Hall effect (SHE) and detected via the inverse SHE (iSHE). The processes are generally reciprocal, as demonstrated by comparable efficiencies when reversing injector and detector roles. However, introducing Ru, which enables the orbital Hall effect (OHE), disrupts this reciprocity. In our system, magnons polarized through combined SHE and OHE and detected via iSHE are 35% more efficient than the reverse process. We attribute this nonreciprocity to nonzero spin vorticity, resulting from varying electron drift velocities across the Pt/Ru interface. This study highlights the potential of orbital transport mechanisms in influencing angular momentum transport and efficiency in nonlocal spintronic devices
In situ formation of an active oxygen evolution catalyst via photodegradation of [Ru(bpy)3]2+
Get PDF[Ru(bpy)3]2+ is a widely used molecular photosensitizer (PS) for light-driven reactions in combination with separate catalysts, although the PS alone is known to promote water oxidation under aqueous conditions as well. In contrast, this behavior has not been reported for organic and aqueous solvent mixtures before. Here, we provide mechanistic insights into the role of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ as PS and oxygen evolution catalyst precursor in organic media.
Graphical abstract: In situ formation of an active oxygen evolution catalyst via photodegradation of [Ru(bpy)3]2
Die Entwicklung psychischer Parameter von Patienten mit Psoriasis-Arthritis von der frühen Erstdiagnostik bis zum Follow-up nach einem Jahr im Rahmen der Rheuma-VOR Früherkennungsstudie
Get PDFxvii, 166 Seiten ; Diagramm
Einfluss von kaltem Atmosphärendruck-Plasma auf die Benetzbarkeit verschiedener Dentalwerkstoffe bei unterschiedlichen Expositionszeiten
Get PDFIn dieser Arbeit wurde der Einfluss von kaltem Atmosphärendruck-Plasma (CAP) auf die Benetzbarkeit verschiedener Dentalwerkstoffe (Titan, Zirkoniumdioxid, Lithiumdisilikat und Hybridkeramik) untersucht. Da die Adhäsion zwischen Restaurationsmaterialien und Zahnhartsubstanz bzw. Implantatkomponenten eine zentrale Voraussetzung für die Langlebigkeit und den klinischen Erfolg zahnmedizinischer Versorgungen darstellt, war Ziel dieser Studie, durch Plasmabehandlung die Oberflächenenergie zu erhöhen und somit die Grundlage für einen stabileren Haftverbund zu schaffen.
Hierzu wurden standardisierte Proben hergestellt und unterschiedlichen Expositionszeiten (0, 5, 10, 20 und 30 Sekunden) mit CAP ausgesetzt. Die Oberflächenrauheit wurde bestimmt und die Benetzbarkeit mittels Kontaktwinkelmessung analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigten eine signifikante Reduktion der Kontaktwinkel aller untersuchten Materialien, was auf eine verbesserte Benetzbarkeit hindeutet. Besonders deutliche Effekte traten bereits nach 5 bis 10 Sekunden Exposition auf; längere Einwirkzeiten führten nur zu marginalen Veränderungen. Die Rauheit blieb unbeeinflusst, sodass die Wirkung primär auf chemischen Veränderungen der Oberflächen beruht.
Die Studie verdeutlicht, dass CAP eine effiziente und schonende Methode zur Verbesserung der Adhäsion darstellen kann und somit das Potenzial besitzt, etablierte mechanische oder chemische Konditionierungsverfahren in der Zahnmedizin sinnvoll zu ergänzen oder zu ersetzen.88 Seiten ; Illustratione