Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca - Università degli Studi della Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli"
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Optimizing polyphenol bioaccessibility: the impact of freeze-drying on chlorogenic acid stability in vitelotte potatoes
No full textChlorogenic acids (CGAs) are widely recognized for their antioxidant and metabolic-modulating properties; however, their stability during digestion largely depends on the food matrix and processing conditions. In this study, a freeze-dried matrix of Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Vitelotte was utilized to assess the impact of lyophilization on CGA retention and controlled release. A standardized in vitro digestion model was combined with multi-analytical techniques (HPLC-UV-DAD, UHPLC-HRMS, UV-Vis spectroscopy) to evaluate the fate of CGAs during gastrointestinal transit. The results demonstrate that lyophilization significantly enhances CGA stability by minimizing oxidative degradation and modulating their bioaccessibility through interactions with potato starch. Compared to fresh matrices, freeze-drying preserved the structural integrity of three major caffeoylquinic acid isomers, which remained chemically stable up to the intestinal phase. The protective effect of starch–polyphenol interactions likely contributed to a more controlled bioaccessibility, preventing abrupt losses in phenolic content. Unlike CGAs, anthocyanins exhibited lower bioaccessibility, confirming their pH-dependent instability. These findings underscore the importance of sample preparation methods in polyphenol bioaccessibility studies and highlight the potential of lyophilization as a strategy to optimize the nutritional value of CGA-rich functional foods
Vulnerabilità e giustizia intergenerazionale: alle radici dell’etica, della politica e del diritto
No full textUnsteady RANS simulations of the interaction between a water droplet and a traveling shock front
No full textL’artefatto come materia in-formata. I contesti multiculturali come risorsa per la definizione di strategie design-oriented.
No full textL’articolo descrive il progetto Formamadre. Cross-cultural bread-making, nato dalla trasposizione di fonti e risorse in un oggetto manifesto. Le fonti sono state individuate attraverso l’osservazione critica del territorio con l’obiettivo di valorizzare e trasmettere le pratiche locali e il know-how, favorendo l’aggregazione socio-culturale. Le risorse attingono alla pluralità culturale, alle tradizioni e alle manifatture locali, rappresentando il focus dell’esperienza progettuale orientata all’utilizzo del pane come medium di relazioni e significati condivisi.
L’oggetto manifesto integra le valenze culturali e identitarie delle diverse comunità presenti nel quartiere di Porta Capuana (NA) e individua nella ritualità, legata alla condivisione del pane, una fonte di integrazione sociale attraverso la preparazione e il consumo collettivo.
La co-partecipazione e l’approccio community-centered adottati nel processo progettuale evidenziano come l’osservazione e il coinvolgimento attivo della comunità possa generare nuove pratiche di coesione, rafforzando il senso di appartenenza e identità condivisa
TECHNO-UTOPIAS AND TECHNO-PHOBIAS – THE MYTH-MAKING OF THE TECHNOCRATIC IDEAL IN MODERN SOCIO-POLITICAL THOUGHT
No full textStarting from the beginning of XVI century, political utopias managed to structure models of escape/redesign
of social arrangements by proposing a new interweaving of freedom of knowledge and scientific implementation
of power in which the technocratic element was declined in contradictory ways, sometimes as emancipation
from particularisms, sometimes as a censurable stigma of control. The result is an imaginal production
that will develop, over the last four centuries – through both a literary and visual narratives – into a worthexploring,
intertwined nature-technology relationship, running along a dual and fascinating line, in limine between
perfection and dystopia, hope and catastrophe, praxis and ideology
Immune checkpoint inhibitors and metabolic events: results from a European safety analysis.
No full textBackground: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) include programmed death-1 receptor (PD1) inhibitors, programmed death-ligand 1 (PDL1) inhibitors, and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors. The use of ICIs has been associated with multiple endocrine immune-related adverse events. This study aims to describe Individual Case Safety Reports (ICSRs) of metabolic events reported in the European database (Eudravigilance, EV) and to compare the reporting frequency of metabolic effects between ICIs.
Methods: A retrospective, European, pharmacovigilance study was conducted to evaluate ICSRs reporting metabolic events with ICIs between 2018 and 2022.
Findings: A total of 6,220 ICSRs reporting an ICI as a suspected drug and at least one metabolic event were identified. The most reported ICI was pembrolizumab (N = 2,466; 39.6%), followed by nivolumab (N = 1,823; 29·3%). The most reported glycemic alteration was type 1 diabetes mellitus (N = 1,001; 13·2%), followed by diabetic ketoacidosis (N = 563, 7·4%). The use of anti-PD1 was associated with a higher reporting of type 1 diabetes mellitus than anti-CTLA4 (ROR, 4·85; 95%CI, 1·56 - 15·09) and anti-PDL1 (ROR, 1·74; 95%CI, 1·41 - 2·13), while no difference was found between anti-PDL1 and anti-CTLA4 (Fig. 4A). Moreover, anti-PD1 was associated with a higher reporting of type 2 diabetes than anti-PDL1 (ROR, 2·06; 95%CI, 1·03-4·10). In addition, the reporting probability of type 1 diabetes mellitus was higher with age ≥ 65 years than < 65 years (ROR, 15·74; 95%CI, 10·44 - 23·73), while no significant difference was found for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Interpretation: In conclusion, the use of anti-PD1 has been associated with higher reporting of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Larger longitudinal studies are needed to interpret these reports and to advance hypotheses of pathogenetic mechanisms of this association
Trame Leopardiane. Narrazioni intrecciate, tra poesia e tessuto urbano
No full textIl concetto di “trama” rimanda ad un’idea trasversale che può essere interpretata in più accezioni, per esempio, come filone narrativo, come texture o come tessuto (talvolta tessuto urbano). Nel centro storico di Napoli sono molte le trame che si intessono, legando punti specifici della città a intricate storie e leggende. Il contributo offre uno sguardo inusuale sul quartiere dove visse i suoi ultimi anni Giacomo Leopardi: le trasformazioni infrastrutturali relative a quel brano di città, come la costruzione del Ponte della Sanità, hanno alterato profondamente l’accessibilità e la percezione di luoghi, influendo significativamente sull’identità visiva del quartiere e sulla fruizione di alcuni spazi significativi nell’antica configurazione, come la Chiesa di Sant’Agostino degli Scalzi (anch’essa in qualche modo coinvolta nelle vicende leopardiane). Attraverso una lettura ampia del quartiere Stella, il contributo rende manifesto l’intreccio di storia, architetture, trasformazioni e memoria collettiva, restituendo un ritratto stratificato e multilivello (come un collage)
Diagnostic yield of nitroglycerin-potentiated head-up tilt test in a pediatric population with suspected reflex syncope
No full textBackground: Syncope is a prevalent issue in pediatric patients. The nitroglycerin (NTG)-potentiated head-up tilt test (HUTT) is widely used in adults for diagnosing reflex syncope; however, few and contrasting data are available in pediatric populations. The aim of our study was to evaluate the positivity rate and types of responses to NTG-potentiated HUTT in pediatric patients with suspected reflex syncope. Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter analysis of 307 pediatric patients (mean age: 14.4 ± 2.8 years; 57.6% female) who underwent HUTT at two syncope units in Naples, Italy. A group of 16 healthy pediatric subjects (13 ± 3.2 years; 37.5% female) with no history of syncope was used as a control. We described the HUTT overall positivity rate and responses; moreover, the positivity rate, sensitivity, and specificity were evaluated. A multivariate analysis was performed to test the association of positive response to HUTT with a set of clinical covariates. Results: The overall HUTT positivity rate was 74.9%, ranging from 51.5% to 81.6% among pediatric patients with non-classical and classical presentation, respectively. The HUTT positivity rate among healthy control group was 18.7%; consequently the HUTT specificity was 81.3%. Younger age (OR: 0.84; p = 0.005) and female sex (OR: 2.3; p = 0.005) were independent predictors of HUTT positivity; in contrast, the non-classical presentation of syncope (OR: 0.23; p < 0.001) and situational syncope (OR: 0.2; p = 0.006) correlated negatively with HUTT positivity. Conclusions: NTG-potentiated HUTT showed a high positivity rate, good sensitivity, and specificity in pediatric patients with suspected reflex syncope. Some patients and syncope-related features independently correlated with HUTT positivity. Cardioinhibitory response was more prevalent in pediatric patients with a non-classical presentation of reflex syncope