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Distribution of Terms Across Genres in the Annotated Lithuanian Cybersecurity Corpus
Get PDFCC BYThe paper provides results of the frequential distribution analysis of cybersecurity terms used in the
Lithuanian cybersecurity corpus composed of texts of different genres. The research focuses on the following
aspects: overall distribution of cybersecurity terms (their density and diversity) across genres, distribution of
English and English-Lithuanian terms and their usage patterns in Lithuanian sentences, and, finally, the most
frequent cybersecurity terms and their thematic groups in each genre. The research was performed in several
stages: compilation of a cybersecurity corpus and its subdivision into genre-specific subcorpora, manual
annotation of cybersecurity terms, automatic lemmatisation of annotated terms and, finally, quantitative analysis
of the distribution of the terms across the subcorpora. The results reveal the similarities and differences of the use of cybersecurity terminology across genres which are important to consider to get a complete picture of
terminology usage trends in this domain
Social Transformations in Contemporary Society 2022 : The 10th International Scientific Conference for Young Researchers : Abtract book
No full textCC BY-NC 4.
Prerequisites for ensuring the objectivity of the use of special knowledge in the investigation of financial crimes in Lithuania, from the aspect of ensuring the right to defence
Get PDFThe Code of Criminal Procedure of the Republic of Lithuania does not
directly determine the necessary places for conducting expert investigations
during pre-trial investigations and court hearings, nor does it name specific
research facilities where such investigations should be conducted.
The non-regulation by the law of the investigation function of the Financial
Crimes Investigation Service (hereinafter – the Service) as objects that
require special knowledge, as well as the factual situation that has arisen, when
the drawing up of a specialist’s conclusion is regulated by a by-law act, there
is reason to believe that it contradicts the provisions of the Forensic Expertise
Law of the Republic of Lithuania, raises reasonable doubts regarding the
impartiality of the conclusions drawn up by the service specialist and the objectivity
and validity of the specialist’s conclusion. The so-called cooperation
of the specialist of the relevant unit of the Service conducting the investigation,
with the officer directly conducting the pre-trial investigation, both by
obtaining additional information necessary for conducting the investigation,
and by providing the specialist with new data revealed during the pre-trial
investigation about the circumstances related to the investigation conducted
by the specialist, and by the latter directly participating in the interviews of
the participants in the process, although it is usually identified by officials as
fully complying with the principles of speed and economy of the process, but
their mutual official subordination and hierarchy of positions, instructions of
superiors, etc. determines the subjectivity of the process and the collection of
only incriminating data. In this way, forming a biased, and sometimes even
not corresponding to the context of the circumstances that happened in reality,
research direction in advance
The Evaluation of Business Tools for Encouraging Social Responsibility in Older Consumers
Get PDFCC BYBeing close to consumers, retail chains have a considerable influence on the formation
of social responsibility in society. By applying various means of encouragement, these entities try
to draw the attention of consumers to problems in the society and encourage them to contribute
to socially responsible activities. The aim of this research was to evaluate whether the means of
promoting social responsibility applied in the biggest retail chains of Lithuania selling alimentary
products have an influence on a consumer and encourage them to contribute to the promotion of
the idea of social responsibility. Analyses of scientific literature, qualitative approaches based on 482
in-depth interviews, analyses of data obtained during the survey, mathematical–statistical analyses
and comparative analyses were applied in this research. This article represents the results of the
obtained research and emphasizes the main factors promoting and limiting the social responsibility of
consumers. It was identified that the social responsibility of consumers in the field of environmental
protection is formed by information provided by business entities, company images and other people
surrounding the consumer. Social responsibility in the field of charity and support was influenced
by information provided by business entities and other people’s opinions. Furthermore, the article
concludes with the development of models showing which elements business entities should orient
towards in order to promote the social responsibility of consumers in the field of environmental
protection or charity and support. The compiled model can be used by all business subjects acting in
the retail trade and trying to encourage users to become involved in socially responsible activities
Problematic aspects of investigation of strategic planning of law enforcement agencies by optimization of crime investigation
No full textThe purpose of this article is to draw the attention of researchers and law enforcement officials to certain problematic issues related to the strategic planning of law enforcement
agencies by optimizing the investigation of criminal offenses
and to stimulate discussion on this issue. In Lithuania, strategic planning in law enforcement institutions and in the public
sector in general has been examined quite recently and mostly
only by analyzing general provisions. Strategic planning itself
is enshrined in laws and regulations, but there is no research
on the effectiveness of strategic planning by law enforcement
agencies in investigating criminal offenses. Taking this into
account, this work analyzes the provisions of the strategic plans of Lithuanian law enforcement institutions, as well as
offers suggestions on how to increase the investigation rates
of criminal offenses and the effectiveness of strategic plans
in the fight against crime. The aim of the master’s thesis was
to evaluate the strategic plans of Lithuanian law enforcement
institutions in the context of criminal investigations and to
make suggestions for their improvement. Some of the problematic issues of the above-mentioned master’s thesis are
presented in this publication in accordance with the requirements for scientific articles
A socio-cultural approach to the importance of community spirit for the elderly in Lithuania
Get PDFCC BY-SA 4.0Aim. Social care institutions in Lithuania meet the major physical needs of elderly people
in Lithuania; however, the psychological, social, and emotional aspects can often get neglected. The aim of the article is to find a theoretical solution to the problem of satisfying
the community needs of the Elderly at long-term inpatient care institutions.
Methods. The article uses theoretical methods of reviewing, analyzing and summarizing
the scientific literature to reveal the following problematic issues: What is the meaning of
community spirit for the elderly in social care institutions? How Socio-cultural activities
can strengthen the sense of community in care homes for seniors?
Results. The results of the study revealed that a sense of community and safe emotional
bonds in care institutions are especially important for psychosocial health and strong social
ties for elderly. Socio-cultural work in communities is not only concerned with people’s
social well-being and their most basic needs. It also involves interpersonal interaction
between seniors of the community, helping with their self-realization, sharing common
spiritual values - trust, gratitude, and respect - for a full sense of life.
Conclusion. Community spirit can be strengthened by the socio-cultural traditions at the
institution, the opportunities for self-expression stem from artistic activities, participation in self-education, and cultural events. The role of social workers is important, especially
in motivating and involving people with greater health constraints to participate more actively in community life, ensuring equal opportunities for a full, high quality, and dignified
old age
Socialinis Kazachstano Respublikos valstybinės aukštojo mokslo sistemos efektyvumas
No full textCC BY-NC-ND 4.0This article considers the role and importance of public administration in the higher
education system in the Republic of Kazakhstan as the main factor in socio-economic progress necessary to support a competitive research base on a global scale and to disseminate knowledge for the
benefit of society. Education and science play an increasingly important role in the development of
modern Kazakhstan. The number of years people spend on education is growing steadily, and this
phenomenon is associated with the development of a knowledge-based economy. This article discusses
development indicators and satisfaction with the public administration system of higher education
based on sociological diagnostics. In many aspects, a paradoxical situation has developed regarding
the attitudes of Kazakhstan society towards the state of the education system, which is reflected in the
desire to provide children (or grandchildren) with a high level of education combined with the very
low level of assessment of this education. In this paper, the measurement of indicators of the development of science and education is conducted based on the level of satisfaction, which is considered as
an indicator of social quality based on sociological diagnostics. As a result of sociological diagnostics,
problematic issues of the development of the higher education system in Kazakhstan are identified
Anti-Avoidance Rules Applicable for Corporate Income Taxation of Company Groups and Their Holding Companies In Lithuania vs the Principle of Legal Certainty: Challenges of Systematic Regulation
No full textThe author of the doctoral thesis „Anti-Avoidance Rules Applicable for Corporate
Income Taxation of Groups of Companies and their Holding Companies in Lithuania vs
the Principle of Legal Certainty: Challenges of Systematic Regulation“ investigates the legal
regulation of the anti-avoidance rules for the corporate income taxation in Lithuania, focusing
on the peculiarities of general and special rules and their specific interrelationship,
as well as on legal regulation of the anti-avoidance rules (general anti-avoidance rule,
interest deduction limitation rule, controlled foreign entity income taxation rule, exit tax
rule and the rules for eliminating the consequences of the hybrid mismatches) which have
been amended or newly introduced in the Law on Corporate Income Tax of the Republic
of Lithuania as a result of transposition of the Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive into the Lithuanian
direct tax legislation. The relationship between the general and special, new and old anti-avoidance rules, as well as their relationship with the participation exemption
for the transfer of shares and with the tax-neutral reorganisations and disposals provided
for in the Law on Corporate Income Tax, is examined in the context of assessing the legal
regulation of the above-mentioned rules in the light of the imperative of systematic regulation
implied by the principle of legal certainty. The research identifies the challenges and
problems of the legal regulation and suggests relevant solutions
Bazinių poreikių patenkinimo ir frustracijos ypatumai skirtingose užimtumo statuso (studijuojančių/dirbančių) grupėse
No full textCC BY-NC-ND 4.0Although research on the benefits or constraints of working while studying
began several decades ago, the differences in employment (student/work) groups are still under-researched. This study is based on the presumption that student/work status creates different
possibilities for the satisfaction or frustration of the basic psychological needs of autonomy, competence, and relatedness. It aims to explore differences in basic needs, satisfaction, and frustration in different employment groups (whether a person is only working, only studying, working
and studying, or not working and not studying). It is hypothesized that the four student/work status
groups differ regarding the satisfaction and frustration of basic needs. The study sample included
286 participants from the youth age group, according to the World Health Organization’s 2015
updated age classification standards. Respondents were aged 18 to 44 years, with a mean age of
28.7 years (SD = 6.963); 52.1% of respondents (n = 149) were solely employed, 12.9% solely
studied (n = 37), 16.8% both worked and studied (n = 48), and 18.2% neither worked nor studied
(n = 52); 41.3% of respondents were male (n = 118) and 58.7% were female (n = 168). This study
applied a Lithuanian-translated version of The Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction & Frustration Scale (BPNSFS), which assesses the satisfaction and frustration of the needs of autonomy,
competence, and relatedness. This study partially confirmed the hypothesis that the satisfaction
and frustration of basic psychological needs differ depending on a person’s employment (student/
work) status. This research also demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the frustration of the need for autonomy between the respondents solely studying and solely working, and between those not working and not studying. Data on the satisfaction and frustration of relatedness
and competence did not differ significantly between the employment (student/work) status groups.
However, due to the limitations implied by the relatively small and non-representative sample size,
these findings should be regarded with concern and should be researched further. This study is important as it adds value to the knowledge of factors in students’ quality of life, which are important
for public policy related to higher education and employment
Lithuanian Translation of the Discourse Marker And in Social Media Texts
Get PDFPurpose: Discourse markers spark the attention of many linguists and researchers, so linguistics applies computer science in order to study and understand discourse
marker use. The problem with discourse markers is their possible ambiguity and polysemy, as the same discourse marker can perform distinctive functions and express different types of discourse interfaces (Sweetser, 2002; Aijmer, 2002; Zufferey & Degand,
2017). Therefore, this research exhibits that and is not only used solely for connecting
idea units, but also expresses conditional, causal, temporal, and other types of discourse
relations. The aim of the research is examine the translation of the discourse marker
and from English to Lithuanian language in TED-ELH parallel corpus. To achieve the
research aim, the following objectives are set: identify sentences with and in TED-ELH
parallel corpus; manually annotate sentences with and in English and in Lithuanian,
and indicate instances where they are used as a stand-alone marker or in a group of
multiple discourse markers; and analyze how discourse marker is used in the source
language and target language