PubliCatt
Not a member yet
128119 research outputs found
Sort by
On the subalgebras of the Griess algebra with alternating Miyamoto group
No full textWe use Majorana representations to study the subalgebras of the Griess algebra that have shape (2B,3A,5A) and whose associated Miyamoto groups are isomorphic to An. We prove that these subalgebras exist only if n ∈ {5,6,8}. The case n = 5 was already treated by Ivanov, Seress, McInroy, and Shpectorov. In case n = 6 we prove that these algebras are all isomorphic and provide their precise description. In case n = 8 we prove that these algebras do not arise from standard Majorana representations
Sex differences in pain in 2 large and diverse US databases
Full text linkIntroduction: Sex differences have been recognized as significant influences on disease suceptibility and progression. Objectives: This study aimed to assess sex differences in pain prevalence using 2 large and diverse US data sources, All of Us and Epic Cosmos. Methods: Pain concepts, labels used to describe type, chronicity, and body locations in electronic health records, were identified from 254,639 individuals in All of Us and 292,549,808 in Epic Cosmos data. Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals comparing the prevalence between females and males were computed to determine sex differences in each pain concept, in each data set. Ratios >1 and <1 denoted higher prevalence among females and males, respectively. Results: The search yielded 195 pain concepts available in both All of Us and Epic Cosmos. Of these, 72.9% in All of Us and 82.6% in Epic Cosmos showed higher prevalence among females. Higher prevalence among men was observed in 8.9% (All of Us) and 13.3% (Epic Cosmos) of pain concepts, mainly involving the chest, lower limbs, and inguinal region. Between 4.1% and 18.2% of the concepts did not show evidence of differences in prevalence by sex. Only one conditions displayed opposing direction in PRs, possibly due to differences in sample composition and/or variation in clinical assignment criteria for pain concepts. Conclusion: Higher pain prevalence among females in the United States was observed for most pain concepts in 2 large and diverse databases. These results underscore the importance of pain research, prevention, and management approaches stratified by sex
Non-home biased individuals’ investment choices: the role of the birthplace of investors
Full text linkThis paper investigates the determinants of non-home biased investment behaviour among individual investors, focusing on birthplace as an explanatory factor. Using microdata from the 2022 wave of the Bank of Italy’s Household Income and Wealth Survey, which distinguishes Italian citizens born in Italy from those born abroad but living in Italy, a two-stage Heckman selection model is implemented to explore both the likelihood of investing in foreign assets and
the extent of such investments. The results show that individuals born outside Italy are significantly more likely to invest in foreign securities, underscoring the role of birthplace in reducing home bias. Furthermore, non-home bias is positively associated with higher education levels, greater financial wealth, and higher risk tolerance, while age has a slight negative effect on the proportion of investment made abroad. Interestingly, the analysis reveals a negative relationship between income class and share of foreign investments, suggesting that wealthier individuals may allocate a smaller portion of their portfolios to foreign assets, despite higher participation rates.
The analysis contributes to the literature by identifying birthplace as a significant factor shaping investment decisions and extends the understanding of behavioural finance beyond traditional home bias studies. These findings have practical implications for financial advisors and regulators, helping them tailor portfolio recommendations and evaluate investor suitability based on socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics
Wash-out duration and lymphocyte count in switching from fingolimod to ofatumumab: A case report and literature review
No full textTransitioning from sphingosine-1-phosphate modulators, such as fingolimod, to anti-CD20 therapies is common in patients with multiple sclerosis due to suboptimal disease control, progression, or family planning. However, the optimal washout period remains unclear, and cases of disease activity rebound following discontinuation of fingolimod have been documented. We present the case of a 43-year-old woman who developed severe rebound disease activity after transitioning from fingolimod to ofatumumab, despite a washout period of 28 days. The patient experienced a new lesion and neuropsychological impairment, which improved after treatment with high-dose methylprednisolone. Literature review highlights the complexity of factors influencing rebound, including washout duration, lymphocyte count, and disease control during fingolimod therapy. Evidence suggests that initiating ofatumumab treatment without a prolonged washout period may mitigate rebound risk
Chronic Styrene Exposure Causes Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Hippocampal Memory Dysfunction via NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation
Full text linkSeveral studies focused on the molecular mechanisms linking oxidative stress and inflammation, due to their crucial role in different pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we studied the link between redox unbalance and neuroinflammation in a model of styrene-induced toxicity in the hippocampus. We used a rat model of chronic styrene exposure to assess its impact on hippocampal function. Behavioral tests were performed to evaluate recognition and spatial memory. Molecular and histological analyses were carried out to measure ROS production, inflammatory markers (COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β), and immunoreactivity for IBA-1 and GFAP. Synaptic alterations, activation of pro-apoptotic pathways, and NLRP3 inflammasome levels were also evaluated. We found that toxic exposure to styrene can affect both recognition and spatial memory by causing functional, morphological, and molecular alterations in the hippocampus. Indeed, we observed increased ROS production and elevated levels of inflammatory markers, as well as increased IBA-1 and GFAP immunoreactivity, suggesting an activation of the immune system with the involvement of microglia and astrocytes in the hippocampus of styrene-treated animals. These findings were associated with molecular and structural synaptic alterations and activation of pro-apoptotic pathways. Moreover, we pointed out the possible involvement of inflammasome activation in mediating oxidative-inflammatory damage, and we documented an increased level of NLRP3 inflammasome after styrene exposure. Our data provide novel experimental evidence of styrene-induced memory dysfunctions, demonstrating that exposure to this toxic compound can impinge on the hippocampus through a mechanism involving the ROS-driven inflammation, activating the NLRP3 inflammasome axis. From a translation point of view, our results indicate that styrene exposure can be a high-risk factor for developing cognitive deficits and suggest considering the ROS/NLRP3 pathway as a target to prevent/attenuate neurotoxicity
Earnings Dynamics, Inequality, and Firm Heterogeneity
No full textStudies of individual earnings dynamics typically overlook firm heterogeneity, while worker and firm decompositions of earnings inequality often neglect the life cycle. We study firm effects in individual earnings dynamics for the Italian private sector population, using the covariance structure of co‐worker earnings for identification. We allow for dynamics of both worker and firm effects, as well as worker‐firm sorting and worker segregation. When workers are young, firm and worker heterogeneity explain similar shares of earnings inequality; however, over the life cycle, workers account for most of the inequality. Worker sorting across firms is substantial, especially among younger workers. Segregation accounts for most of the earnings inequality between firms
Interleukin 1β receptor and synaptic dysfunction in recurrent brain infection with Herpes simplex virus type-1
Full text linkSeveral experimental evidence suggests a link between brain Herpes simplex virus type-1 infection and the occurrence of Alzheimer's disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association are not completely understood. Among the molecular mediators of synaptic and cognitive dysfunction occurring after Herpes simplex virus type-1 infection and reactivation in the brain neuroinflammatory cytokines seem to occupy a central role. Here, we specifically reviewed literature reports dealing with the impact of neuroinflammation on synaptic dysfunction observed after recurrent Herpes simplex virus type-1 reactivation in the brain, highlighting the role of interleukins and, in particular, interleukin 1 beta as a possible target against Herpes simplex virus type-1-induced neuronal dysfunctions
La competenza: sfida pedagogica e ponte tra professione e volontariato
No full textLa competenza dovrebbe riguadagnare il proprio status trascendente rispetto al sapere e al saper fare: chi è competente, lo è non in virtù del possesso di conoscenze, bensì in quanto utilizza la conoscenza e organizza risorse per rispondere a una chiamata sociale con responsabilità e generatività. Feconda nel mondo delle professioni, la nozione proposta si attaglia anche al volontariato, e pone un problema formativo: la competenza non si insegna e non si trasmette; piuttosto, si creano le condizioni per il suo esercizio e consolidamento.Competence transcends knowledge and know-how: in fact, a competent person is such not by virtue of knowledge, but rather because they use knowledge and organize resources to responsibly and generatively meet a social call. Fruitful in the world of professions, the proposed notion is also suitable for volunteering and poses a pedagogical problem: whereas competence cannot be taught or transmitted, it can be exercised and consolidated under suitable conditions
Effect of a nutritional immunomodulator in dry cows heat stressed with an electric blanket model
Full text linkHeat stress in the dry period reduces yield and health in the next lactation. Previous work indicates that feeding OmniGen AF (OMN; Phibro Animal Health) mitigates the detrimental effects of heat stress. Electric blankets (EB) can induce heat stress in lactating cows, but EB have not been used with dry cows. The objectives of this study were to explore efficacy of the EB on cows during the dry period, as well as to examine the effect of feeding OMN to heat-stressed cows. We hypothesized that EB would increase body temperature in dry cows and OMN would ameliorate the effects of heat stress. Fifty Holstein cows were housed individually in a tie-stall barn upon dry-off ∼48 d before expected calving (223.7 ± 5 d carried calf) and cows were fitted with EB or no blanket (NB). Within EB and NB, cows were fed OMN (OMN; 56 g/d) or did not receive OMN (CON), which resulted in a 2 × 2 factorial of 4 treatments: NB-CON, EB-CON, NB-OMN, and EB-OMN. Throughout the dry period, DMI, water intake, and respiration rate (breaths/min) were measured daily, and rectal temperature was measured twice daily. After calving, all the cows were cooled and managed identically, and milk yield and composition were measured at each milking. Use of EB increased rectal temperature and respiration rate relative to NB regardless of diet; OMN treatment did not affect rectal temperature or respiration rate. Dry matter intake was reduced by over 1 kg/d with EB, and OMN feeding reversed this effect. Water intake increased with EB relative to NB, but OMN was without effect. Treatment did not affect gestation length. In early lactation, EB cows produced 6 kg/d less ECM relative to NB, and OMN reversed the effect on milk yield in EB cows. These data support the hypotheses that EB induce heat stress in dry cows and that OMN effectively mitigates the detrimental effects of heat stress in the dry period
Severe ICANS after CAR T-cell therapy and assessment of prevention with levetiracetam for seizure prophylaxis following CAR T-cell for DLBCL & PMBCL in Europe: a survey on behalf of the Cellular Therapy & Immunobiology Working Party (CTIWP) of the EBMT
No full textChimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells have ushered in a new era of adoptive cell immunotherapies and caused a paradigm shift in the treatment of relapsed and refractory B-cell lymphomas [1]. As of 2024, the European Medicine Agency (EMA) has approved four CAR T-cell products for the treatment of B-cell lymphomas, either diffuse (DLBCL), high-grade (HGBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), primary mediastinal (PMBCL) or mantle cell lymphoma (MCL): tisagenlecleucel (tisa-cel), axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi-cel), lisocabtagene maraleucel (liso-cel) and brexucabtagene autoleucel (brexu-cel) [2,3,4,5]. Although reference centers are building an increasingly robust experience concerning CAR T-cell administration, acute inflammatory complications, namely cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune-effector cell associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), still pose considerable threats to recipients, restricting access to treatment over fear of unacceptable toxicity or jeopardizing outcomes due to the need for intensive care measur