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間質性肺炎合併肺癌に対する最新の治療戦略
No full textPatients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), especially those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, are at increased risk of developing lung cancer (LC). Pharmacotherapy for advanced LC has dramatically progressed in recent years ; however, management of LC with pre-existing ILD (LC-ILD) is challenging due to serious concerns about the risk of acute exacerbation of ILD (AE-ILD). As patients with LC-ILD have been excluded from most prospective clinical trials of advanced LC, optimal pharmacotherapy remains to be elucidated. Although the antitumor activity of first-line platinum-based cytotoxic chemotherapy appears to be similar in advanced LC patients with or without ILD, its impact on the survival of patients with LC-ILD is limited. Immune checkpoint inhibitors may hold promise for long-term survival, but many challenges remain, including safety and appropriate patient selection. Further understanding the predictive factors for AE-ILD after receiving pharmacotherapy in LC-ILD may lead to appropriate patient selection and lower treatment risk. The aim of this review was to summarize the current evidence related to pharmacotherapy for advanced LC-ILD and discuss emerging areas of research.journal articl
ブルガリア人研究者の徳島訪問からの洞察と示唆
Get PDF本稿は、ブルガリア人研究者が徳島大学と徳島県を訪問して得た知見と示唆を探求する。この訪問で、日本とブルガリアにおける日本語教育の教育法、構造、文化的な違いについての初期的なアイデアが浮き彫りになった。研究では、没入型環境や文化的統合、学習者のニーズに合わせた教育法が言語習得に与える影響を強調している。また、交換留学生と一般外国人居住者の学習目的の違いから、教育アプローチを多様な学習者のニーズに適応させる必要性がさらに示されている。さらに、ツールや国際交流プログラムを活用して、日本語教育のアクセシビリティや協力関係を向上させる機会についても検討している。これらの洞察をもとに、本稿では2つの共同研究プロジェクトを提案する。1つは日本とブルガリアの教育法を比較するもので、もう1つは徳島での地域密着型の言語と文化交流に焦点を当てるものだ。このプロジェクトは、教育フレームワークの発展や異文化理解の促進、徳島大学とブルガリアのヴェリコ・タルノヴォ大学間の学術的なつながりを強化することを目指している。本稿は、日本語教育や国際協力に関する議論を広げ、今後の研究やプログラム開発に向けた実行可能な提言を提供する。留学生の流動性は世界中の高等教育政策の重要な側面となっており、文化交流、経済成長、知識の共有に貢献しています。そこで、米国、ヨーロッパ、中国、日本の4つの主要地域における留学生政策の比較分析を実施した。留学生を引き付け、維持するためにこれらの地域がとっている多様なアプローチから、これら政策の戦略、課題、成果を考察した。departmental bulletin pape
Empirical analysis method for evaluating variable materials and scattering parameters and reduced Fermi energy of n-type bismuth telluride thermoelectric materials at room temperature
No full textThe variable materials parameter β, scattering parameter γ, and reduced Fermi energy η in n-type bismuth telluride produced by mechanical grinding followed by hot pressing were evaluated using the Fermi-Dirac statistics and a one-electron parabolic model at room temperature. The thermal conductivity κ was assumed to be a quadratic function of the electrical conductivity σ under a constant phonon thermal conductivity κph and temperature. The γ and η were estimated using L and the measured Seebeck coefficient α composed of γ and η. The variational trend of L with γ was similar to that of non-degenerate semiconductors. The analytical ZTβγη composed of β, γ, and η obtained based on the relationship between the dimensionless figure of merit ZT and η is consistent with the measured ZTασκ composed of α, σ, and κ. The obtained β, γ, and η indicate fundamental physical properties of thermoelectric materials alongside α, σ, and κ.journal articl
Rethinking Counseling and Support Approaches for International Students in Western Higher Education
Get PDFThis literature review aims to identify challenges faced by international students and evaluate the effectiveness of counseling and support strategies in Western higher education. Key findings highlight the importance of culturally sensitive approaches, peer mentorship programs, and institutional support systems in addressing cultural shock, acculturative stress, and financial insecurity. The findings have implications for Japan, where international students face similar barriers but within a distinct cultural and linguistic environment.本稿は、文献レビューを通じて、西洋の高等教育における留学生が直面する課題を特定し、カウンセリングの有効性を評価することを目的とする。主要な結果として、カルチャーショック、適応ストレス、経済的不安を解決するために、文化的に配慮されたアプローチ、ピアメンタープログラム、および制度的支援システムの重要性を強調する。これらの知見は、日本の高等教育にも示唆を与える。departmental bulletin pape
Pulsed and pulsed phase thermography inspection of near-rear-surface defects in CFRP plates with enhancing rear-surface heat transfer coefficient
No full textThis study investigates the non-destructive inspection of defects in carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) plates located near the rear (non-heated) surface by infrared pulsed thermography (PT). A method for enhancing the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) of the rear surface during PT inspection was examined to improve the detection capability of near-rear-surface defects. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed method, numerical calculations and experiments were conducted on CFRP specimens with rear surfaces in contact with water under natural and forced convection. The results showed that the detection of near-rear-surface defects was improved, particularly when the rear surfaces were in contact with forced-convection water. In addition, phase images were produced by applying a Fourier transform to the experimentally obtained temperature data (i.e., pulsed phase thermography (PPT)). Consequently, the combination of enhancing the rear-surface HTC and PPT was significantly effective in improving detection capability of near-rear-surface defects.journal articl
在宅で暮らす聴覚障害者の災害時の課題と対策に関する文献レビュー
Get PDF【Purpose】To investigate disaster preparedness for hearing-impaired individuals in Japan. 【Method】We analyzed domestic literature and prefectural guidelines to identify issues faced by hearing-impaired individuals during disasters. 【Results】The literature revealed communication challenges, information gaps, and inadequate preparation. Only 13 prefectures had relevant guidelines, and there was a lack of awareness regarding the impact of restrictions on lifelines. 【Discussion】Disaster prevention measures for supporting hearing-impaired people vary between regions, and it is desirable to create and disseminate guidelines that address the challenges they face.journal articl
生後２～３か月の児を育てる父親が日々の生活の中で悩んだ状況
No full textObjective : The aim of this study was to reveal the concerns in daily life of fathers of 2- to 3-month-old infants.
Methods : The participants in this study were husbands in households with 2- to 3-month-old infants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted by telephone using an interview guide and qualitative descriptive analysis was conducted.
Results : There were 14 participants. Three categories were revealed : (1) how to deal with the child who was changing day by day, (2) the relationship with the wife after childbirth, and (3) changed daily life after becoming a father.
Conclusions : The specific situations indicated by the results of this study regarding the concerns of fathers are expected to aid them in carrying out childcare while being mindful of their mental health, as well as contribute to the development of support programs for fathers who are struggling with parenting. Since mutual understanding and cooperation between the husband and wife are important in child-rearing, the results of this study revealed the situations in daily life for which a father of 2- to 3-month-old infants has concerns should be helpful for the wife to understand her husband’s feelings and should contribute to the achievement of harmony in the family in times of child-rearing when the husband and wife are busy.journal articl
多房性胸腺嚢胞の経過観察中に充実成分が出現し切除術を施行した胸腺癌の１例
No full textThymic carcinoma is a relatively rare malignant tumor, and it is often a solid tumor. Here, we report a case of thymic carcinoma that was presumed to have originated from the cyst wall of a multilocular thymic cyst (MTC) during follow-up observation. The patient was a 59-year-old male. A routine chest CT performed during an evaluation for another condition revealed a well-defined mass measuring 53×12 mm in the anterior mediastinum. MRI showed high signal intensity on T2-weighted images and septations within the mass, leading to a diagnosis of MTC. Surgery was recommended ; however, the patient opted for follow-up observation instead. During the observation period, the mass gradually increased in size, but the patient continued to decline surgery. Approximately 3.5 years later, CT revealed findings suggestive of solid components within the cyst, an MRI was performed, solid components were confirmed, showing high signal intensity on diffusion-weighted imaging. Contrast-enhanced CT also demonstrated enhancement of the mass, and a thymoma was suspected, so a median sternotomy was performed for tumor resection. The tumor was found to be inflammatorily adherent to the pericardium but showed no evidence of invasion. Histopathological examination revealed poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma classified as Masaoka’s clinical stage I. Postoperatively, the patient received adjuvant radiotherapy and is currently under follow-up observation. Cases of thymic carcinoma in which solid components appeared and then grew during follow-up of MTC and were subsequently resected are rare.journal articl