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Advancing Proactive Therapeutic Drug Monitoring with Model-Informed Precision Dosing in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease
No full textTuning the low-energy band structure in twisted bilayer WSe<sub>2</sub>
No full textTuning the electronic structures of two-dimensional (2D) material-based heterostructures is of crucial importance for their use in functional next-generation electronics. Here, through angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with nanoscale spatial resolution (nano-ARPES), we systematically track the evolution of the near-Fermi-level electronic structure of bilayer WSe2 over a large range of twist angle. While the momentum positioning of the valence-band maxima (VBM) is independent of twist angle, we find that the energetic separation between the hole bands at the K point of the Brillouin zone and the higher binding-energy hole band at Γ can be varied in excess of 100 meV.We explore the mechanisms underpinning this evolution and discuss the implications for tuning both the size of the band gaps, and the efficiency of the spin-dependent electron-phonon coupling channels in homobilayer transition-metal dichalcogenide devices.</p
On Reporting Likelihood Ratio’s of Exhaustive and Non-Exhaustive Hypotheses about Rare Events in Criminal Cases
No full textDistributionally Robust and Risk-Averse Model Predictive Control for Motion Planning and Control:Reformulations and Computational Issues
No full textIn this chapter, we focus on a risk-constrained optimal control problem and explore a model predictive control scheme with distributionally robust risk constraints as a solution strategy. The primary objective of such a control problem is to encode a motion planning and control task for an autonomous agent. Considering conditional value-at-risk as the risk metric with ambiguity sets based on the Wasserstein metric and total variation distance, we present various reformulations of the distributionally robust constraints, where the constraint function encodes a collision avoidance condition. We comment on the computational effort in deriving controllers using our schemes and prescribe various approximations. </p
STING signals to NF-κB from late endolysosomal compartments using IRF3 as an adaptor
No full textNF-κB is central for activation of immune responses. Cytosolic DNA activates the cGAS–STING pathway to induce type I interferons (IFNs) and signaling through NF-κB, thus instigating host defenses and pathological inflammation. However, the mechanism underlying STING-induced NF-κB activation is unknown. Here we report that STING activates NF-κB in a delayed manner, following exit from the Golgi to endolysosomal compartments. Activation of NF-κB is dependent on the IFN-inducing transcription factor IRF3 but is independent of type I IFN signaling. This activation pattern is evolutionarily conserved in tetrapods. Mechanistically, the monomer IRF3 is recruited to STING pS358, with delayed kinetics relative to IRF3 recruitment to STING pS366, which promotes type I IFN responses. IRF3 engagement with STING pS358 induces trafficking to late endolysosomal compartments, supporting recruitment of TRAF6 and activation of NF-κB. We identify a TRAF6 binding motif in IRF3 that facilitates recruitment of TRAF6. This work defines a signaling surface on STING and a function for IRF3 as an adaptor in immune signaling. These findings indicate that STING signaling to NF-κB is enabled only within a short time window between exit from the Golgi and lysosomal degradation, possibly limiting inflammation under homeostatic and danger-sensing conditions.</p
Nobelprijs economie biedt Europa kritische spiegel
No full textIn oktober kregen Joel Mokyr, Philippe Aghion en Peter Howitt de Prijs van de Zweedse Rijksbank voor Economische Wetenschappen ter nagedachtenis aan Alfred Nobel – kortweg de Nobelprijs voor de Economie. Wat heeft het trio voor de wetenschap en de wereld betekend? En wat kan Europa daarvan leren
Data-driven control against false data injection attacks
No full textThe rise of cyber-security concerns has brought significant attention to the analysis and design of cyber–physical systems (CPSs). Among the various types of cyberattacks, denial-of-service (DoS) attacks and false data injection (FDI) attacks can be easily launched and have become prominent threats. While resilient control against DoS attacks has received substantial research efforts, countermeasures developed against FDI attacks have been relatively limited, particularly when explicit system models are not available. To address this gap, the present paper focuses on the design of data-driven controllers for unknown linear systems subject to FDI attacks on the actuators, utilizing input-state data. To this end, a general FDI attack model is presented, which imposes minimally constraints on the switching frequency of attack channels and the magnitude of attack matrices. A dynamic state feedback control law is designed based on offline and online input-state data, which adapts to the channel switching of FDI attacks. This is achieved by solving two data-based semi-definite programs (SDPs) on-the-fly to yield a tight approximation of the set of subsystems consistent with both offline clean data and online attack-corrupted data. It is shown that under mild conditions on the attack, the proposed SDPs are recursively feasible and controller achieves exponential stability. Numerical examples showcase its effectiveness in mitigating the impact of FDI attacks.</p
