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Proportion of women with stress incontinence who have seen a physiotherapist in primary care
No full textBakgrund: Urininkontinens är ett vanligt förekommande problem, som påverkar individens livskvalitet negativt och leder till stora kostnader för sjukvården. I detta arbete fokuseras på ansträngningsinkontinens hos kvinnor. Detta utreds i primärvården och grundbehandling är framför allt bäckenbottenträning, vilken bör vägledas av fysioterapeut. Syfte: I detta arbete kartlades andelen kvinnor med ansträngningsinkontinens som erhållit fysioterapibaserad vård inom primärvården under 2023 och 2024. Metod: Statistiska data inhämtades från sex primärvårdsenheter i västra Skåne, gällande antalet vårdkontakter där diagnoserna “Stressinkontinens” eller “Blandinkontinens” angivits, fördelat per enhet, åldersgrupp och yrkeskategori. Resultat: I populationen på drygt 13 000 personer hade 199 vårdkontakter ägt rum, varav 99 (49,7 %) hos fysioterapeut. Flest vårdkontakter totalt sett fanns i den äldsta åldersgruppen (65 år och uppåt) och en knapp tredjedel (28,8 %) av dessa var hos fysioterapeut. Det var vanligare att kvinnor i de yngre åldersgrupperna (18–34 och 35–44 år) hade träffat fysioterapeut (76,5 % respektive 72 %). Slutsats: Resultaten tyder på ett relativt väl utnyttjande av fysioterapeuter som resurs i aktuell population, framför allt i de yngre åldersgrupperna. Framtida studier behövs för att klargöra om siffrorna i aktuell studie är representativa för en större primärvårdspopulation regionalt eller nationellt.Background: Urinary incontinence is a common problem, which affects the individual's quality of life, and leads to great economic health care costs. This study focuses on stress urinary incontinence in women. This is investigated and treated in primary care. Basic treatment is pelvic floor exercises, which is recommended to be guided by physiotherapist. Objective: This study investigated the proportion of women with stress urinary incontinence who had physiotherapy in primary care during 2023 och 2024. Methods: Statistical data was gathered from six primary care units in the west of Skåne regarding numbers of care contacts where the diagnoses “Stress incontinence” or “Mixed incontinence” were used, distributed by care unit, age group, and profession. Results: In the population of roughly 13 000 persons, 199 care contacts had taken place, of which 99 (49,7 %) with a physiotherapist. The most care contacts in total were seen in the oldest age group (65 years and above) and almost a third (28,8 %) of these were with a physiotherapist. It was more common that women in the younger age groups (18–34 and 35–44 years) had met with a physiotherapist (76,5 % and 72 % respectively). Conclusions: The results indicate that physiotherapists are a relatively well used resource in this population, especially in the younger age groups (18-44 years). Future studies are needed to investigate if the results in this study can be generalized to a bigger population in primary care, regionally or nationally
More is not always merrier: does leader-team perceptual distance on context influence leadership training transfer?
No full textAlthough the organizational context has been identified as an important factor contributing to the success or failure of leadership training initiatives, exploration of the interaction between differing contextual perceptions in relation to the transfer of leadership training is lacking. Building on Oc’s framework on context and leadership, we examine how the degree of perceptual alignment of leader and teams on two contextual factors, formalization and employee orientation, were related to followers’ ratings of transformational leadership after a leadership training in the forest industry (n = 37 leaders). Polynomial regression with response surface analysis revealed that agreement between leaders and their teams on formalization and employee orientation predicted improvements in transformational leadership but only up to a certain point. At high levels of formalization agreement negatively impacted leaders’ development of transformational leadership, and at high levels of employee orientation the positive impact of agreement flattened out. Leaders who rated formalization and employee orientation higher than their teams increased their transformational leadership to a lesser extent as rated by their followers. Our findings extend the framework developed by Oc and offer a new perspective on the complex interplay between leader, follower, and contextual factors that all matter for successful leadership training transfer.Full text license: CC BY;Funder: AFA Försäkring (160070)</p
Deformation rate dependence on fracture characteristics of third generation Advanced High Strength Steel
No full textThe gradually more stringent environmental and safety regulations in the transport sector have made third generation Advanced High Strength Steel (3rd-gen AHSS) grades excellent alternatives to lower strength steel grades and have continuously been adopted by the automotive industry for body-in-white parts and energy absorbing safety components. Recently, essential work of fracture (EWF) has emerged as a viable material characterisation method to rationalise edge crack resistance and crashworthiness. However, much of the published data is still based on quasi-static conditions, which do not reflect the conditions during crash situations typically involving high deformation rates. This paper presents an experimental study on the deformation rate-dependence of fracture characteristics of three 3rd-gen AHSS grades. The results show that the fracture toughness, measured using the EWF method, increases significantly with the loading rate, although the differences in conventional tensile properties are modest. The increase is due to a combination of rate-dependent hardening combined with a much more ductile failure at a higher loading rate.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-04-10 (u2);Full text: CC BY license;Funder: European Commission, Research Fund for Coal and Steel programme, Grant Agreement 800693 - Crash&Tough - RFCS-2017;This article has previously appeared as a manuscript in a thesis.</p
How advocacy coalitions in Sweden explain the policy gap between Swedish and EU eel fishery policies
No full textOur study explores governing of European eel in Sweden. The paper aims to analyze and tentatively explain the degree of policy coherence between different political levels and discuss implications for management. The study focuses on the Advocacy Coalition Framework and a qualitative methodology. Results show that EU and Swedish eel fishery policies are based on partly different beliefs about prioritized groups, problem descriptions, and policy preferences. Swedish policy is more considerate of fishery, attentive to the problems of hydropower, and hesitant toward fishery closures, than is the EU. These differences can be understood by the positions and power of the two advocacy coalitions competing for influence at the national level. National decisions align more with the coalition that includes fishery organizations, the Swedish Board of Agriculture, and coastal municipalities than with the beliefs of the coalition involving environmental-and sport fishing organizations and the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-04-10 (u5);Full text license: CC BY 4.0;A correction is available for this publication, please see: Nilsson, J., Sandström, A. Publisher Correction: How advocacy coalitions in Sweden explain the policy gap between Swedish and EU eel fishery policies. Ambio 54, 912 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-025-02130-y</p
Utveckling av loggfunktion till UGV
No full textThis project is a collaboration with FMV (Swedish Defence Materiel Administration), specifically Vidsel Test Range, aimed to develop ability to collect and store sensor data of their unmanned ground vehicle for post-test analysis. The development process was modelled from Ulrich & Eppinger’s method for product development and included planning, analysis of need, concept generation and finally construction and testing of product which are presented in the thesis below. The solution came in a form of microcontroller combined with an SD-card module and OBD-2 dongle. The method of visualizing the collected data was built through a Python-based graphical user interface (GUI). This GUI is able though modification described in the user guide able to model any additional data parameters. Future work includes integrating GPS functionality, implementing long-distance data transmission, and enhancing hardware protection. The project establishes a foundation for how vehicle data can be collected when driving remotely controlled target-vehicles/UGVs at the Vidsel test site.Detta projekt är ett samarbete med FMV (Försvarets materielverk), specifikt provplats Vidsel, som har för avsikt att utveckla förmågan att samla in och lagra sensordata från deras obemannade markfordon för analys efter test. Utvecklingsprocessen modellerades utifrån Ulrich-Eppinger metoden för produktutveckling och inkluderade planering, analys av behov, konceptgenerering och slutligen konstruktion och testning av produkten som presenteras i avhandlingen nedan. Lösningen kom i form av mikrokontroller i kombination med en SD-korts modul och OBD-2 dongel. Metoden för att visualisera den insamlade data byggdes genom ett Python-baserat gränssnitt, s.k. GUI (Graphical User Interface). Detta GUI kan, genom modifiering som beskrivs i användarhandboken, visualisera eventuella ytterligare dataparametrar. Framtida arbete inkluderar att integrera GPS-funktionalitet, implementera dataöverföring över långa avstånd och förbättra hårdvaruskyddet. Projektet etablerar en grund för hur fordonsdata kan samlas in vid körning av fjärrstyrda målfordon/UGV på provplats Vidsel
An investigation of film formation and pressure-viscosity relationship of water-based lubricants in elastohydrodynamic contacts
No full textUnderstanding elastohydrodynamic (EHL) film formation and the pressure-viscosity response of lubricants is necessary for designing rolling/sliding tribological contacts. This article investigates the EHL behaviour of four formulated water-based lubricants (glycerol-water, glycol-water, and ionic liquid-water) and one reference oil under moderately high pressures, typical in gears and bearings applications. A ball-on-disc tribometer with optical interferometry was employed to measure the film thickness of the water-based lubricants. The results highlight the sensitivity of film formation to entrainment speed, slide-to-roll ratio (SRR), temperature, and lubricant composition. Water loss due to evaporation significantly impacts film formation at high temperatures. Additionally, an unusual increase in film thickness was observed for the glycol-water solution, likely due to complex tribological conditions. The limitations of the classical Hamrock-Dowson film thickness equation for water-based lubricants are also discussed. Furthermore, pressure-viscosity coefficients of the water-based lubricants were estimated using both optical interferometry and high-pressure viscometer methods. The effect of water content on the pressure-viscosity coefficient was also examined, revealing that higher water content leads to reduced pressure and temperature dependence of viscosity.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-04-07 (u5);Full text license: CC BY 4.0;Funder: Swedish Automotive Research Initiative (FFI);</p
Recovery from eating disorders from an occupational therapy perspective : a literature review
No full textSyfte: Syftet med denna studie var att sammanställa betydelsefulla faktorer vid återhämtning från ätstörningar utifrån ett arbetsterapeutiskt perspektiv. Metod: Studien genomfördes somen litteraturstudie med en sammanställning av tidigare kvalitativ forskning och har sin grund i personers erfarenheter. Databaser som användes var PubMed och CINHAL via Luleå tekniska universitetet. De nio inkluderade artiklarna analyseras med inspiration av Friberg (2022) fem steg för analys, där den arbetsterapeutiska aktivitetsmodellen Model of Human Occupationscentrala begrepp: viljekraft, vanebildning, utförandekapacitet och miljö användes som ett raster för analys av artiklarnas innehåll och för att skapa teman för resultatet. Resultat: Resultatet visade betydelsefulla faktorer utifrån de olika förbestämda teman. I viljekraften upplevdes betydelsefulla faktorer för återhämtning från ätstörningar vara reflektioner över sjukdomen, tro på sin egen förmåga, livsavgörande situationer, relationer, sänka kraven på sig själv och att se tillbaka på tidigare intressen, arbete eller studier. I vanebildningen framkommer upplevelser att förändring av roller, identitet, vanor, rutiner, prioritering av tid för aktiviteter och vila och att lära sig fungerande strategier är betydelsefulla faktorer. I utförandekapaciteten upplevdes de mentala förmågorna som betydelsefulla faktorer för återhämtning från ätstörning. I den nära kontexten i den sociala miljön framkommer betydelsefulla faktorer som hur familjen kan vara ett stöd samt att behandlingspersonal utgjorde betydelsefulla faktorer för återhämtning om personalen hade ett öppet förhållningssätt och inte var dömande mot personen som blivit sjuk. I den nära kontexten i den fysiska miljön upplevdes betydelsefulla faktorer vara att förändra sitt hem efter personliga behov samt att eliminera föremål i hemmet som kunde påverka återhämtningen negativt. Slutsats: De faktorer som upplevdes betydelsefulla för återhämtning från ätstörningar skapade delaktighet i aktivitet
End-Users’ Perspectives on Digitalisation and Automation—Insights from the Swedish Mining Industry
No full textMining, like other industries, has progressed through a series of industrial revolutions, transitioning from disconnected, manually operated mines to operations dominated by safe, sustainable, semi-automated, and automated operations, driven by technological advancements such as digitalisation and automation. These changes have resulted in enhanced safety measures, cost reductions, and increased efciency, while simultaneously altering the nature of mining work. This paper presents a study to assess the impacts, challenges, and opportunities of automation and digitalisation in the mining industry from an end-user’s perspective. The study is based on the overall combined results from two previous studies, one surveying the opinions of LHD operators and the other the opinions of mining production workers, extracted through two workshops. The fndings indicate digitalisation and automation are predominantly perceived positively, but there are some negative attitudes. End-users have diverse opinions about the impact of digitalisation and automation on their work and the skill sets that will be required in the future, but they agree computer skills and understanding of the mining processes will continue to be crucial competencies in the future. Another common opinion is that machine maintenance is the most challenging aspect of the work to automate. The results highlight an increased need for further education enabling workers to manage new technologies as they are implemented.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-04-14 (u5);Full text: CC BY license;Funder: Boliden; Luossavaara-Kiirunavaara AB, (LKAB);</p
Teaching in Preschool Practices
No full textDet övergripande syftet med avhandlingen är att, inom ett praktiknära forskningsprojekt, utforska hur undervisning blir till i förskolans praktiker med utgångspunkt i framväxande lokala och situerade utvecklings- och forskningspraktiker. Genom att under närmare tre års tid arbeta i nära samverkan med förskollärare och barnskötare från tre olika förskolor har frågan om undervisning i förskolan kunnat undersökas på en mängd olika sätt, med utgångspunkt i förskolepraktikernas frågor. Med utgångspunkt i etisk-onto-epistemologiska (Barad, 2007; Haraway; 2016; Stengers; 2005) ställningstaganden och kritisk aktionsforskning (Carr & Kemmis, 1986: Kemmis et al., 2014a) har utvecklings- och forskningsprocesser kombinerats, med sikte på att producera kunskaper i och tillsammans med de förskolepraktiker som deltar. Teoretiska och metodologiska utgångspunkter hämtas från posthumanistisk teoribildning, främst via Barad (2003; 2007), Haraway (1988;2003;2008b;2016), Stengers (2005; 2010; 2018) samt Deleuze och Guattari (1980/2015). Tillsammans med en mångfald av aktörer så som förskollärare, barnskötare, barn, dokumentationer, styrdokument, lera och tidigare forskning har undervisningens tillblivelse i flera olika praktiker utforskats genom omtänkanden, kartograferanden, kollborativt samskrivande och berättanden. Det empiriska materials som har producerats och analyserats består av minnesanteckningar, transkriberade ljudinspelningar, skriftliga reflektioner och olika former av kollektivt skapade dokumentationer. I avhandlingen framträder undervisning som en praktik vilken sträcker sig bortom en specifik händelse och omfattar både det förberedande planeringsarbetet, de efterföljande reflektionerna och den fortsatta processen. Rörelser, i olika riktningar och hastigheter, skapar gränser kring undervisningen, gränser som visar på föreställningar och traditioner om vad undervisning i förskolan ska vara. Dessa gränser utmanas när pedagogerna med sina frågor och handlingar provar att tänka och göra på andra sätt. På detta sätt om(för)handlas undervisningen när utforskandet blir en plats där olika praktiker möts. I avhandlingen framträder en mängd berättelser om, med och för undervisning i förskolans praktiker som tillsammans visar på vikten av att behålla komplexiteten i frågor som rör såväl syfte med som innehåll i förskolans utbildning och undervisning, för att inte begränsa barns möjligheter att lära sig, utvecklas och bli till. Vidare argumenteras för vikten av att förskollärare och barnskötare, vilka utifrån sina situerade kunskaper kan ses som förskolepraktikens kännare, fortsätter att vara med och förhandla undervisningens tillblivelser både i förskolans praktiker och i forskning.The overall aim of this thesis is to explore the becomings of teaching in preschool practices, based on local and situated research and development practices, within a practice-based research project. By working closely with preschool practitioners from three different preschools for nearly three years, the issue of teaching in preschool has been explored in various ways, based on questions from the practices. Ethico-onto-epistemological positions (Barad, 2007; Haraway, 2016) and critical action research (Carr & Kemmis, 1986; Kemmis et al., 2014a;) have been used to combine development and research processes with the aim of producing knowledge in and with the participating preschool practices. Theoretical and methodological foundations are drawn from posthumanist theory, mainly through Barad (2003; 2007), Haraway (1988; 2003; 2008b; 2016), Stengers (2005; 2010; 2018), and Deleuze and Guattari (1987). Together with a multitude of actors such as preschool practitioners, children, documentation, policy documents, clay, and previous research, the becomings of teaching in various practices have been explored through rethinkings, cartographies, collaborative writing, and storytelling. The empirical material produced and analyzed consists of memory notes, transcribed audio recordings, written reflections, and various forms of collectively created documentation. In the thesis, teaching becomes a practice that extends beyond a specific event, encompassing both preparatory planning, subsequent reflections, and the continued processes. Movements, in different directions and speeds, create boundaries around teaching, boundaries produced by the conceptions and traditions of what preschool teaching should be. These boundaries are challenged when preschool practitioners, with their questions and doings, think and act in other ways. Teaching is renegotiated when the exploring becomes a place where different practices meet. This thesis presents multiple stories about, with, and for teaching in preschool practices. Stories that collectively highlights the importance of maintaining the complexity in questions concerning both the purpose and content of preschool education and teaching to not limit children’s opportunities to learn, develop, and become. Furthermore, it is argued that preschool teachers and child minders, who can be seen as connoisseurs of preschool practices based on their situated knowledge, should continue to negotiate the becomings of teaching, both in preschool and research practices
Reducing plastic anisotropy through stress induced martensitic transformation in an additively manufactured metastable medium entropy alloy
No full textPowder bed fusion laser beam (PBF-LB) is particularly effective for fabricating compositionally complex alloys such as high-entropy alloys (HEAs) or medium-entropy alloys (MEAs). Fabricating non-equiatomic metastable MEAs using PBF-LB can lead to the formation of unique microstructures that enhance the mechanical performance of these alloys. Nevertheless, plastic anisotropy in materials prepared by additive manufacturing routes including PBF-LB remains to be a technical challenge. This work presents the fabrication of a metastable non-equiatomic Co45Cr25(FeNi)30 MEA using PBF-LB. As-printed samples exhibited the formation of nano-scaled ε-martensite (HCP) phase along with the FCC phase. The HCP phase exhibited Shoji-Nishiyama orientation relationship with the FCC phase. High energy synchrotron X-ray diffraction (HEXRD) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) in-situ tensile testing were employed to investigate the influence of the HCP phase on the alloy's deformation behavior. The presence of the HCP phase initiates stress-induced martensitic transformation well below the macroscopic yield strength. This transformation led to the non-linear stress and strain response for the FCC phase. Further straining resulted in significant load partitioning, with the HCP phase taking the majority of the load as it formed, significantly strain hardening the alloy and reducing the plastic anisotropy induced by texture in the as-printed material.Validerad;2025;Nivå 2;2025-04-22 (u5);Full text license: CC BY 4.0;</p