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Cavitation modelling and ML integration in the DT prediction of extreme pressure heads
No full text[EN] This research presents a hybrid approach exemplifying the convergence of deterministic modelling and datadriven prediction to enhance simulation fidelity in complex hydraulic systems. It integrates experimental testing, numerical modelling, and Machine Learning (ML) to analyse hydraulic transients and cavitation. Laboratory water hammer tests validated simulations using a developed Cavitation Model (CM) and an adapted Bentley's Hammer, both based on the 1D Method of Characteristics (MOC) with discrete cavity representation when vapour pressure is reached. Comparisons between experimental data and CM outputs provided insights into Digital Twin (DT) applications. Air valve behaviour was also highlighted, as improper integration can destabilise transient flows in slightly sloped profiles. In parallel, an ML framework was developed to predict maximum (Hmax) and minimum (Hmin) pressure heads from flow rates (25-950 l/h) and pipe diameters (0.005-0.06 m). Using 5-fold cross-validation with 35 % of data reserved for testing, a three-layer neural network achieved R2 values of 0.86 (Hmax) and 0.94 (Hmin) in validation, and 0.46 (Hmax) and 0.91 (Hmin) in testing. The strong alignment between predicted and simulated/measured values, particularly demonstrates the integrated model's value in identifying cavitation risks and enabling proactive system management and design optimisation without reliance on complex hydraulic simulations.Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Politecnica de Valencia. This work was supported by FCT, UID/6438/2025 CERIS, in the
Hydraulic Laboratory, for experiments on pumped storage performance,
and the project HY4RES (Hybrid Solutions for Renewable Energy Systems) EAPA_0001/2022 from the INTERREG ATLANTIC AREA
PROGRAMME.Coronado-Hernández, OE.;Paternina-Verona, DA.;Pérez-Sánchez, Modesto;Covas, DIC.;Ramos, HM. (2026). Cavitation modelling and ML integration in the DT prediction of extreme pressure heads. Measurement. 265:1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2025.120269S11526
Influence of annealing atmosphere on photoelectrochemical response of TiO2 nanotubes anodized under controlled hydrodynamic conditions
No full textThe influence of three annealing atmospheres (air, nitrogen and argon) and the use of controlled hydrodynamic conditions (from 0 to 5000 rpm) on morphological, structural, chemical and photoelectrochemical properties of TiO2 nanotubes have been evaluated. For this purpose, different characterization techniques have been used: Raman Confocal Laser Spectroscopy, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Mott-Schottky analysis and photoelectrochemical water splitting tests. According to the results, it can be concluded that both hydrodynamic conditions and annealing in non-oxidizing atmospheres improve the photoelectrochemical response of the TiO2 nanotubes. This fact has been attributed to the oxygen vacancies formed after annealing in argon and nitrogen atmospheres and also to the presence of nitrogen into the TiO2 lattice due to the thermal treatment in the nitrogen atmosphere.Garcia-Anton, Jose;Blasco-Tamarit, E.;Solsona Espriu, BE.;Sánchez Tobar, R.;García García, DM.;Fernández Domene, RM.;García García, DM. (2026). Photoelectrochemical response of TiO2/ZnO2 nanotubes annealed under diferent atmospheres [Dataset]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Dataset/10251/23255
Optimization of protein requirements and feed restriction in Penaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) biofloc culture
No full textThis is the dataset linked to the scientific paper tittled: "Optimization of protein requirements and feed restriction in Penaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) biofloc culture". Consult the original manuscript for further information.[EN] The production of Penaeus vannamei faces multiple challenges, from environmental constraints and disease outbreaks to the need for sustainable and improved farming practices, essential for responsible production. Biofloc technology offers a sustainable approach by enhancing water quality and serving as a complementary nutritional source. However, protein requirements in biofloc-based shrimp culture systems remain insufficiently defined despite their economic relevance. This study aimed to optimize dietary protein levels and feeding regimes for P. vannamei cultured under biofloc technology, while assessing the nutritional contribution of bioflocs through stable isotope analysis. A two-phase factorial experiment was conducted. In the juvenile stage, five diets containing 30–46% crude protein (CP) were tested under three feeding regimes (70, 85, and 100% of average daily ration). Shrimp fed 38% CP at 70% feeding achieved growth comparable to higher CP and feeding levels, indicating this combination as optimal for juveniles. In the grow-out phase, shrimp were fed 34–42% CP diets at a fixed 70% feeding rate. Growth performance, nutrient composition, and isotopic signatures (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) were evaluated to estimate carbon and nitrogen assimilation from feed and biofloc sources. Growth was maintained even at 34% CP, suggesting lower protein requirements for larger shrimp. Stable isotope analysis confirmed that biofloc contributed significantly to nitrogen and carbon assimilation, especially under reduced dietary protein. Results also demonstrate that a permanent 70% feeding strategy sustained shrimp performance under biofloc conditions. This outcome underscores the role of biofloc as a nutritional supplement, contributing to a more sustainable and cost-effective shrimp farming.This work was supported by I + D + i Research Project: “Optimizing shrimp feeding and nutrition in biofloc system (BioFlango)” (PID2020-114574RB-C21), and the Research Personnel Training Grant (PRE2021-098367); supported by MCIN/AEI/https://doi.org/10.13039/501100011033/. Additionally, J. Gómez-Aguilera contract was supported by European Union Next Generation-Plan of Conselleria d’innovació, Universitats, Ciència i Societat Digital of Generalitat Valenciana (INVEST/2022/434). Funding for open access charge: Universitat Politècnica de València.Ferrando-Juan, Sara;Gómez-Aguilera, J.;Martínez-Llorens, Silvia;Tomas-Vidal, A.;Rodilla, M;Jover Cerda, Miguel;Moyano López, FJ.... (2026). Protein requirements and feed restriction in Peaneus vannamei under biofloc techonology [Dataset]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Dataset/10251/23127
Semi-Monolithic Detectors for TOFDOI Brain PET: Optimization of Time, Energy, and Positioning Resolutions with Varying Surface Treatments
No full text[EN] Semi-monolithic detectors, a hybrid configuration combining the benefits of pixelated arrays and monolithic blocks, present a compelling and cost-effective solution for positron emission tomography (PET) scanners with both time-of-flight (TOF) and depth-of-interaction (DOI) capabilities. In this work, we evaluate four LYSO-based semi-monolithic arrays with various surface treatments, read out with the PETsys TOFPET2 ASIC, to identify the optimal configuration for a novel brain PET scanner. The chosen array, featuring ESR on all surfaces except for the black-painted lateral pixelated ones, achieved 15.9 +/- 0.6 % energy resolution and 253 +/- 15 ps detector time resolution (DTR). neural network with multilayer perceptron architectures were used to estimate the annihilation photon impact position, yielding average accuracies of 3.7 +/- 1.1 mm and 2.6 +/- 0.7 mm (FWHM) along the DOI and monolithic directions, respectively. The comparative analysis of the four arrays also prompted an investigation into light sharing in semi-monolithic detectors, supported by a GATE-based simulation framework which was designed to complement the experimental results and confirm the observed trends in time resolution. By refining the detector design based on semi-monolithic geometry and optimized surface crystal treatment to enhance positioning accuracy, this study contributes to the development of a next-generation brain PET scanner, with competitive performance but at a moderate cost.This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) under Award 1R01CA275942-01A1. The work of Francis Loignon-Houle was supported by the Generalitat Valenciana under Postdoctoral Grant CIAPOS/2023/133.Pagano, F.;Loignon-Houle, Francis;Sanchez-Gonzalo, David;Karakatsanis, NA.;Alamo, J.;Nehmeh, SA.;González Martínez, Antonio Javier (2026). Semi-Monolithic Detectors for TOFDOI Brain PET: Optimization of Time, Energy, and Positioning Resolutions with Varying Surface Treatments. IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences. 10(2):276-287. https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3594103S276287102van Sluis, J., de Jong, J., Schaar, J., Noordzij, W., van Snick, P., Dierckx, R., Borra, R., Willemsen, A., & Boellaard, R. (2019). Performance Characteristics of the Digital Biograph Vision PET/CT System. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 60(7), 1031-1036. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.118.215418Pantel, A. R., Viswanath, V., & Karp, J. S. (2021). Update on the PennPET Explorer. PET Clinics, 16(1), 15-23. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpet.2020.09.002González-Montoro, A., Sánchez, F., Martí, R., Hernández, L., Aguilar, A., Barberá, J., Catret, J. V., Cañizares, G., Conde, P., Lamprou, E., Martos, F., Sánchez, S., Vidal, L. F., Benlloch, J. M., & González, A. J. (2018). Detector block performance based on a monolithic LYSO crystal using a novel signal multiplexing method. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 912, 372-377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2017.10.098Li, H., Badawi, R. D., Cherry, S. R., Fontaine, K., He, L., Henry, S., Hillmer, A. T., Hu, L., Khattar, N., Leung, E. K., Li, T., Li, Y., Liu, C., Liu, P., Lu, Z., Majewski, S., Matuskey, D., Morris, E. D., Mulnix, T., … Carson, R. E. (2024). Performance Characteristics of the NeuroEXPLORER, a Next-Generation Human Brain PET/CT Imager. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 65(8), 1320-1326. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.124.267767Cabrera-Martín, M. N., González-Pavón, G., Sanchís Hernández, M., Morera-Ballester, C., Matías-Guiu, J. A., & Carreras Delgado, J. L. (2021). Validation technique and improvements introduced in a new dedicated brain positron emission tomograph (CareMiBrain). Revista Española de Medicina Nuclear e Imagen Molecular (English Edition), 40(4), 239-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.remnie.2021.05.001Akamatsu, G., Takahashi, M., Tashima, H., Iwao, Y., Yoshida, E., Wakizaka, H., Kumagai, M., Yamashita, T., & Yamaya, T. (2022). Performance evaluation of VRAIN: a brain-dedicated PET with a hemispherical detector arrangement. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 67(22), 225011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ac9e87Conti, M. (2011). Focus on time-of-flight PET: the benefits of improved time resolution. European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 38(6), 1147-1157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-010-1711-yPizzichemi, M., Polesel, A., Stringhini, G., Gundacker, S., Lecoq, P., Tavernier, S., Paganoni, M., & Auffray, E. (2019). On light sharing TOF-PET modules with depth of interaction and 157 ps FWHM coincidence time resolution. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 64(15), 155008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ab2cb0Barrio, J., Cucarella, N., Freire, M., Lamprou, E., Aguilar, S., Valladares, C., Ilisie, V., Benlloch, J. M., & Gonzalez, A. J. (2020). PET Detector based on a Semi-Monolithic Crystal with DOI and TOF Capabilities. 2020 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1109/nss/mic42677.2020.9508047Gonzalez-Montoro, A., Barbera, J., Sanchez, D., Mondejar, A., Freire, M., Diaz, K., Lucero, A., Jimenez-Serrano, S., Alamo, J., Morera-Ballester, C., Barrio, J., Cucarella, N., Ilisie, V., Moliner, L., Valladares, C., Gonzalez, A. J., Prior, J., & Benlloch, J. M. (2022). A new brain dedicated PET scanner with 4D detector information. Bio-Algorithms and Med-Systems, 18(1), 107-119. https://doi.org/10.2478/bioal-2022-0083Mueller, F., Naunheim, S., Kuhl, Y., Schug, D., Solf, T., & Schulz, V. (2022). A semi‐monolithic detector providing intrinsic DOI‐encoding and sub‐200 ps CRT TOF‐capabilities for clinical PET applications. Medical Physics, 49(12), 7469-7488. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.16015Nadig, V., Gundacker, S., Schug, D., Herweg, K., Weindel, K., Radermacher, H., Mueller, F., Weissler, B., & Schulz, V. (2024). Scalable, Time-of-Flight and Depth-of-Interaction Detector Units for High-Resolution PET Systems. IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences, 8(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1109/trpms.2023.3324197Maas, M. C., Schaart, D. R., van der Laan, D. J. (Jan), Bruyndonckx, P., Lemaître, C., Beekman, F. J., & van Eijk, C. W. E. (2009). Monolithic scintillator PET detectors with intrinsic depth-of-interaction correction. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 54(7), 1893-1908. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/54/7/003Xie, L., Zhao, J., Li, Y., & Bai, J. (2024). PET brain imaging in neurological disorders. Physics of Life Reviews, 49, 100-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plrev.2024.03.007Jong, H. W. A. M. de, Velden, F. H. P. van, Kloet, R. W., Buijs, F. L., Boellaard, R., & Lammertsma, A. A. (2007). Performance evaluation of the ECAT HRRT: an LSO-LYSO double layer high resolution, high sensitivity scanner. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 52(5), 1505-1526. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/52/5/019Catana, C. (2019). Development of Dedicated Brain PET Imaging Devices: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. Journal of Nuclear Medicine, 60(8), 1044-1052. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.118.217901Cao, X., Labella, A., Zeng, X., Zhao, W., & Goldan, A. H. (2022). Depth of Interaction and Coincidence Time Resolution Characterization of Ultrahigh Resolution Time-of-Flight Prism-PET Modules. IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences, 6(5), 529-536. https://doi.org/10.1109/trpms.2021.3110902Zeng, X., Wang, Z., Tan, W., Petersen, E., Cao, X., LaBella, A., Boccia, A., Franceschi, D., de Leon, M., Chiang, G. C., Qi, J., Biegon, A., Zhao, W., & Goldan, A. H. (2023). A conformal TOF–DOI Prism‐PET prototype scanner for high‐resolution quantitative neuroimaging. Medical Physics, 50(6), 3401-3417. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.16223Loignon-Houle, F., Toussaint, M., Beaudoin, J.-F., Gaudreault, M., Doyon, V., Leroux, J.-D., Auger, E., Thibaudeau, C., Arpin, L., Croteau, E., Espinosa-Bentancourt, E., Samson, A., Bouchard, J., Espagnet, R., Viscogliosi, N., Pepin, C. M., Labrecque, V., Paulin, C., Marin, T., … Lecomte, R. (2023). Imaging Performance of the Fully Assembled Ultra-High Resolution (UHR) Brain PET scanner. 2023 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Medical Imaging Conference and International Symposium on Room-Temperature Semiconductor Detectors (NSS MIC RTSD), 1-1. https://doi.org/10.1109/nssmicrtsd49126.2023.10338146Doyon. (2023). First PET investigation of the human brain at 2 μL resolution with the ultra-high-resolution (UHR) scanner. J. Nucl. Med. 64(S1).Chung, Y. H., Lee, S.-J., Baek, C.-H., & Choi, Y. (2008). New design of a quasi-monolithic detector module with DOI capability for small animal pet. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 593(3), 588-591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2008.05.059Zhang, X., Wang, X., Ren, N., Kuang, Z., Deng, X., Fu, X., Wu, S., Sang, Z., Hu, Z., Liang, D., Liu, X., Zheng, H., & Yang, Y. (2017). Performance of a SiPM based semi-monolithic scintillator PET detector. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 62(19), 7889-7904. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/aa898aHunter, W., Dolinsky, S., Kinahan, P., & Miyaoka, R. (2023). Timing, Energy, and 3-D Spatial Resolution of the BING PET Detector Module. IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences, 7(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1109/trpms.2022.3187955Zhang, C., Wang, X., Sun, M., Kuang, Z., Zhang, X., Ren, N., Wu, S., Sang, Z., Sun, T., Hu, Z., Yang, Y., & Liu, Z. (2021). A thick semi-monolithic scintillator detector for clinical PET scanners. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 66(6), 065023. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/abe761Kuhl, Y., Mueller, F., Naunheim, S., Bovelett, M., Lambertus, J., Schug, D., Weissler, B., Gegenmantel, E., Gebhardt, P., & Schulz, V. (2024). A finely segmented semi‐monolithic detector tailored for high‐resolution PET. Medical Physics, 51(5), 3421-3436. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.16928Gonzalez-Montoro, A., Jiménez-Serrano, S., Álamo, J., Barberá, J., Lucero, A., Cucarella, N., Díaz, K., Freire, M., Gonzalez, A. J., Moliner, L., Mondejar, Á., Morera-Ballester, C., Prior, J., Sánchez, D., & Benlloch, J. M. (2024). First Results of the 4D-PET Brain System. IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences, 8(7), 839-849. https://doi.org/10.1109/trpms.2024.3412798Cañizares, G., Jiménez-Serrano, S., Lucero, A., Morera-Ballester, C., Muñoz, E., Benlloch, J. M., & González, A. J. (2024). Simulation Study of Clinical PET Scanners With Different Geometries, Including TOF and DOI Capabilities. IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences, 8(6), 690-699. https://doi.org/10.1109/trpms.2024.3365911He, W., Zhao, Y., Zeng, H., Huang, W., Yang, H., Zhao, X., Wang, Q., Wang, L., Niu, M., Zhang, L., Ren, Q., & Gu, Z. (2024). Design and characterization of a hybrid PET detector with DOI capability. Medical Physics, 51(10), 7140-7152. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.17313Sanchez, D., Gonzalez-Montoro, A., Barbera, J., Diaz, K., Vidal, K., Benlloch, J. M., & Gonzalez, A. J. (2022). Design and Evaluation of a High-Performance Readout for Total-Body PET. 2022 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC), 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1109/nss/mic44845.2022.10399027Miyaoka, R. S., Li, X., Hunter, W. C. J., & Lewellen, T. K. (2011). A trapezoidal slat crystal (TSC) PET detector. 2011 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, 3665-3668. https://doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2011.6153691Bugalho, R., Francesco, A. D., Ferramacho, L., Leong, C., Niknejad, T., Oliveira, L., Rolo, M., Silva, J. C., Silva, R., Silveira, M., Tavernier, S., & Varela, J. (2019). Experimental characterization of the TOFPET2 ASIC. Journal of Instrumentation, 14(03), P03029-P03029. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/14/03/p03029Frisch, B. (2013). Combining endoscopic ultrasound with Time-Of-Flight PET: The EndoTOFPET-US Project. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 732, 577-580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2013.05.027Cucciati, G., Auffray, E., Bugalho, R., Cao, L., Vara, N. D., Farina, F., Felix, N., Frisch, B., Ghezzi, A., Juhan, V., Jun, D., Lasaygues, P., Lecoq, P., Mensah, S., Mundler, O., Neves, J., Paganoni, M., Peter, J., Pizzichemi, M., … Varela, J. (2014). Development of ClearPEM-Sonic, a multimodal mammography system for PET and Ultrasound. Journal of Instrumentation, 9(03), C03008-C03008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/9/03/c03008Cucarella, N., Barrio, J., Lamprou, E., Valladares, C., Benlloch, J. M., & Gonzalez, A. J. (2021). Timing evaluation of a PET detector block based on semi‐monolithic LYSO crystals. Medical Physics, 48(12), 8010-8023. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/mp.15318Nadig. (2024). Time resolution limits on the way towards a positron emission tomography detector block with a time-of-flight resolution of 100 ps and depth-of-interaction encoding for 511 keV photons.Nadig, V., Yusopova, M., Radermacher, H., Schug, D., Weissler, B., Schulz, V., & Gundacker, S. (2022). A Comprehensive Study on the Timing Limits of the TOFPET2 ASIC and on Approaches for Improvements. IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences, 6(8), 893-903. https://doi.org/10.1109/trpms.2022.3158704Barrio, J., Cucarella, N., Freire, M., Valladares, C., Benlloch, J. M., & Gonzalez, A. J. (2023). Time and Energy Characterization of Semi-Monolithic Detectors With Different Treatments and SiPMs Suitable for Clinical Imaging. IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences, 7(8), 785-793. https://doi.org/10.1109/trpms.2023.3300747Freire, M., Barrio, J., Cucarella, N., Valladares, C., Gonzalez-Montoro, A., de Alfonso, C., Benlloch, J. M., & Gonzalez, A. J. (2022). Position estimation using neural networks in semi-monolithic PET detectors. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 67(24), 245011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/aca389Landi, G. (2002). Properties of the center of gravity as an algorithm for position measurements. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 485(3), 698-719. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0168-9002(01)02071-xPani, R., Vittorini, F., Cinti, M. N., Bennati, P., Pellegrini, R., Ridolfi, S., Scafè, R., Lo Meo, S., Mattioli, M., Navarria, F. L., Moschini, G., Fabbri, A., D’Abramo, E., Orsolini Cencelli, V., & Sacco, D. (2009). Revisited position arithmetics for LaBr3:Ce continuous crystals. Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements, 197(1), 383-386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysbps.2009.10.109Pani, R., Bettiol, M., Preziosi, E., Cinti, M. N., Borrazzo, C., Pellegrini, R., Castro, E. D., & Fabbri, A. (2016). Position algorithm for monolithic scintillation crystals based on charge projection readout. Journal of Instrumentation, 11(01), C01061-C01061. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/11/01/c01061Pani, R., Nourbakhsh, S., Pani, P., Bennati, P., Lo Meo, S., Cinti, M. N., Pellegrini, R., Cassano, B., Bettiol, M., & Scafe, R. (2011). Continuous DoI determination by gaussian modelling of linear and non-linear scintillation light distributions. 2011 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, 3386-3389. https://doi.org/10.1109/nssmic.2011.6152614Ling, T., Lewellen, T. K., & Miyaoka, R. S. (2007). Depth of interaction decoding of a continuous crystal detector module. Physics in Medicine and Biology, 52(8), 2213-2228. https://doi.org/10.1088/0031-9155/52/8/012Carra, P., Giuseppina Bisogni, M., Ciarrocchi, E., Morrocchi, M., Sportelli, G., Rosso, V., & Belcari, N. (2022). A neural network-based algorithm for simultaneous event positioning and timestamping in monolithic scintillators. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 67(13), 135001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ac72f2Sarrut, D., Arbor, N., Baudier, T., Borys, D., Etxebeste, A., Fuchs, H., Gajewski, J., Grevillot, L., Jan, S., Kagadis, G. C., Kang, H. G., Kirov, A., Kochebina, O., Krzemien, W., Lomax, A., Papadimitroulas, P., Pommranz, C., Roncali, E., Rucinski, A., … Maigne, L. (2022). The OpenGATE ecosystem for Monte Carlo simulation in medical physics. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 67(18), 184001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ac8c83Loignon-Houle, F., Gundacker, S., Toussaint, M., Camirand Lemyre, F., Auffray, E., Fontaine, R., Charlebois, S. A., Lecoq, P., & Lecomte, R. (2021). DOI estimation through signal arrival time distribution: a theoretical description including proof of concept measurements. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 66(9), 095015. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/abf604Pagano, F., Kratochwil, N., Salomoni, M., Pizzichemi, M., Paganoni, M., & Auffray, E. (2022). Advances in heterostructured scintillators: toward a new generation of detectors for TOF-PET. Physics in Medicine & Biology, 67(13), 135010. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/ac72eeLoignon-Houle, F., Pagano, F., Freire, M., & Gonzalez, A. J. (2024). Exploring Various Neural Networks for Interaction Localization in Semi-Monolithic Scintillators. 2024 IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium (NSS), Medical Imaging Conference (MIC) and Room Temperature Semiconductor Detector Conference (RTSD), 1-1. https://doi.org/10.1109/nss/mic/rtsd57108.2024.1065850
Maternal microbiota in relation to mortality, culling, and offspring survival in rabbits
No full text[EN] Mortality and culling in rabbits, particularly among breeding does and their offspring, present significant challenges by reducing longevity, productivity, and profitability. This study investigates whether fecal microbiota composition varies depending on whether the female will experience death, culling, or remain healthy and how it correlates with the proximity of the event. Additionally, it examines whether disruptions in the maternal microbiota, transferred naturally to offspring, is associated with their survival. To do so, does were categorized based on their fate: death (D, deceased naturally during productive lifespan), culled for reproductive reasons (CR), or healthy controls (C). Soft fecal samples were collected for V3-V4 16S rRNA sequencing to assess microbial diversity and composition. The results revealed that does approaching death or reproductive culling exhibited lower microbial richness, particularly near the event, with significantly higher values observed in the control group compared to the CR and D groups. Classification models using metataxonomic ASVs data accurately classified fate outcomes, with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.99 when samples were collected close to the event (similar to 50 d). The deceased group had the highest recall rates (0.80-0.99), suggesting that their microbiota profiles are the most distinct, potentially because of dysbiosis. However, performance decreased as time to the event increased. Concerning offspring survival, first, we found that maternal fate significantly impacted kit survival, with offspring from deceased does showing a 9% lower survival rate at weaning and those from reproductive culls showing a 5% reduction. Additionally, maternal microbiota composition has accounted for a significant portion of the variability in kit survival. Different taxa were found to influence both maternal fate and kit survival, such as Clostridia UCG-014, Ruminococcus, Christensenellaceae R-7 group, and uncultured Eubacteriaceae. These findings highlight the potential of microbiota-based biomarkers for predicting mortality and reproductive culling risks in rabbits, improving management practices, and enhancing offspring survival. Furthermore, the results emphasize the critical link between maternal health, microbiota composition, and offspring survival, underscoring the importance of maintaining maternal microbiota stability for improving both welfare and productivity.; Mortality and early removal of breeding female rabbits reduce farm productivity and animal welfare. We tracked the fecal microbiota in does, comparing healthy females with those that later died or were culled for infertility. We also followed how a mother's mortality/culling and microbiota might affect the survival of her kits. Microbiota information was obtained from soft feces samples and analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Females that were close to death or culling showed a drop in microbial richness. Using microbial information, we could classify a female's future fate with up to 99% accuracy (Area Under the Curve), especially when samples were collected within two months of the event (death or culling). Maternal health mattered to the next generation: kits from does that later died had 9% lower survival at weaning than healthy ones, and much of this difference can be explained by the mother's microbiota profile. These findings position the rabbit fecal microbiota as a non-invasive biomarker to flag high-risk does early and to guide management that improves longevity and litter survival.; Analyzing the microbiome of breeding rabbits allowed us to apply classification models that describe associations between microbiota profiles and the risk of death or culling and revealed that these profiles could be associated with differences in kit survival at birth and weaning.This research was supported by MEC (PID2020-115558GB-C21) and Generalitat Valenciana (CIAICO/2022/016).Biada, Iliyass;Santacreu, María-Antonia;Ibáñez-Escriche, Noelia (2026). Maternal microbiota in relation to mortality, culling, and offspring survival in rabbits. Journal of Animal Science. 104. https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skaf432S10
Thermodynamic model and infrared thermography monitoring system for convective drying of goldenberry (Physalis peruviana)
No full text[EN] The goldenberry (Physalis peruviana) is a highly perishable Andean fruit with valuable nutritional and functional properties. Its preservation poses a challenge due to its high moisture content. This study presents an integrated method combining infrared thermography (IR) and irreversible thermodynamics to characterize the convective drying process of goldenberry.Samples were dried at 60 degrees C and 1.0 m/s air velocity. Weight loss, surface temperature, and water activity were recorded over 13 h using thermocouples, precision balances, and IR imaging. An irreversible thermodynamic model was applied to estimate water flux, free energy changes, and chemical potential gradients, including mechanical energy effects. The phenomenological coefficient from Onsager's relation was correlated with water flux to describe internal water migration. IR thermography enabled real-time, non-invasive monitoring of temperature and emissivity, correlating with morphological changes during drying. Sorption isotherms were fitted using the GAB model, and thermodynamic analysis allowed separation of physical and mechanical contributions to water potential. This approach provides a deeper understanding of moisture transport during drying and demonstrates the usefulness of combining IR monitoring with thermodynamic modeling. It offers a promising tool for optimizing drying protocols in high-moisture tropical fruits like goldenberry.Funding for open access charge: Universitat Politecnica de ValenciaChuquizuta, T.;Castro, W.;Castro Giraldez, Marta;Fito, Pedro J. (2026). Thermodynamic model and infrared thermography monitoring system for convective drying of goldenberry (Physalis peruviana). Journal of Food Engineering. 404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2025.112773S40
Chaotic skew-products of operators on Fréchet spaces
No full text[EN] In this work, we present some results regarding the dynamics of skew-products involving (linear and continuous) operators defined on Fréchet spaces. We provide a criterion for the density of periodic points, as well as criteria for topological transitivity and mixing. As applications, we show that skew-products of convolution operators defined on the space of entire functions and skew-products of adjoint multiplier operators defined on the Hardy space, are topologically transitive, mixing, and even Devaney chaotic under several weak) assumptions on the function defining the skew-product.Project PID2022-139449NB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE, and Project PROMETEU/2021/070, funded by Generalitat Valenciana, supported this work. We thank the referee for suggestions that improved the final presentation of the article. Funding for open access charge: CRUE-Universitat Politecnica de Valencia.Martínez Jiménez, Félix;Méndez-Gómez, H.;Peris Manguillot, Alfredo;Ródenas Escribá, Francisco De Asís (2026). Chaotic skew-products of operators on Fréchet spaces. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications. 553(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmaa.2025.129949S5532BALIBREA, F., CARABALLO, T., KLOEDEN, P. E., & VALERO, J. (2010). RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS: THREE PERSPECTIVES. International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos, 20(09), 2591-2636. https://doi.org/10.1142/s0218127410027246Bayart. (2009). Dynamics of Linear Operators. vol. 179.BAYART, F., COSTAKIS, G., & HADJILOUCAS, D. (2009). Topologically transitive skew-products of operators. Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems, 30(1), 33-49. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0143385708001065Bès, J., Menet, Q., Peris, A., & Puig, Y. (2019). Strong transitivity properties for operators. Journal of Differential Equations, 266(2-3), 1313-1337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2018.07.076Costakis, G., & Hadjiloucas, D. (2007). Topologically transitive skew-products of backward shift operators and hypercyclicity. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society, 136(3), 937-946. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9939-07-09001-6Devaney. (1989). An Introduction to Chaotic Dynamical Systems.Glasner, E. (2004). Classifying dynamical systems by their recurrence properties. Topological Methods in Nonlinear Analysis, 24(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.12775/tmna.2004.018Godefroy, G., & Shapiro, J. H. (1991). Operators with dense, invariant, cyclic vector manifolds. Journal of Functional Analysis, 98(2), 229-269. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1236(91)90078-jGrosse-Erdmann, K.-G., & Peris Manguillot, A. (2011). Linear Chaos. En Universitext. Springer London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-2170-
Avaluació de dades agrometeorològiques de reanàlisi per a l'ús sostenible de l'aigua en l'agricultura de la Comunitat Valenciana
No full text[ES] La estimación precisa de la evapotranspiración de referencia (ETo) constituye un pilar fundamental para la planificación hidrológica y la sostenibilidad del regadío. Ante la imposibilidad de contar con estaciones meteorológicas físicas en cada parcela de cultivo, los modelos de reanálisis satelital surgen como una solución potencial para cubrir estos vacíos de información. En el presente estudio, se evalúa la capacidad del modelo
de reanálisis de datos meteorológicos Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources desarrollada por la National Aeronautics and Space Administration-NASA de Estados Unidos (POWER NASA), para estimar variables meteorológicas mensuales y la ETo en la Comunidad Valenciana, para el período comprendido entre 2000 y 2022, utilizando para ello como referencia los datos terrestres medidos por la red de estaciones meteorológicas
pertenecientes al Sistema de Información Agroclimática para el Regadío (SiAR) del Ministerio de Agricultura de España. La metodología se fundamentó en la generación de series mensuales de ETo mediante la ecuación FAO-56 Penman-Monteith, contrastando los registros observados en superficie con las variables extraídas del modelo de reanálisis de datos meteorológicos POWER NASA. Los resultados revelan que el error en la región
no depende de la distancia a la costa ni de la altitud, mostrando una notable homogeneidad espacial. Aunque POWER NASA replica con gran fidelidad la tendencia temporal de la demanda hídrica (IA ≈ 1,00), presenta una sobreestimación sistemática (MBE = 15,08 mm mes-1) gobernada principalmente por el sesgo en la velocidad del viento. Por el contrario, la estimación de la precipitación resultó menos robusta, evidenciando una sensibilidad clara al índice de continentalidad termopluviométrico, con mayores errores en el litoral debido a la dificultad del reanálisis para capturar la torrencialidad local. Se concluye que POWER NASA es una fuente válida para estudios de tendencias climáticas, pero su uso operativo para la programación del riego requiere la aplicación de coeficientes de corrección locales para el viento y la integración de pluviometría terrestre para evitar el riesgo de sobrerriego.[EN] Accurate estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) constitutes a fundamental pillar for hydrological planning and irrigation sustainability. Given the infeasibility of establishing physical weather stations in every cropped plot, satellite reanalysis models emerge as a potential solution to fill these information gaps. In this study, the capability of the meteorological data reanalysis model Prediction of Worldwide Energy Resources developed by the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (POWER-NASA) to estimate monthly meteorological variables and ETo in the Valencian
Community was evaluated for the period between 2000 and 2022, using as reference the ground-based data measured by the network of meteorological stations belonging to the Agroclimatic Information System for Irrigation (SiAR) of the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture. The methodology was based on the generation of monthly ETo series using the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation, contrasting the observed surface records with the variables extracted from the POWER NASA meteorological data reanalysis model. The results reveal that the error in the region does not depend on the distance to the coast nor on the elevation, showing a remarkable spatial homogeneity. Although POWER-NASA replicates the temporal trend of water demand with high fidelity (IA ≈ 1,00), it presents a systematic overestimation (MBE = 15,08 mm month-1 ) governed primarily by the bias in wind speed. Conversely, the precipitation estimation proved less robust, evidencing a clear sensitivity to the thermopluviometric continentality index, with larger errors in the coastal zone due to the reanalysis's difficulty in capturing local torrential events. It is concluded that POWERNASA is a valid source for climate trend studies; however, its operational use for irrigation scheduling requires the application of local wind correction coefficients and the integration
of ground-based rainfall data to avoid the risk of over-irrigation.Martínez Barrera, R. (2026). Evaluación de datos agrometeorológicos de reanálisis para el uso sostenible del agua en la agricultura de la Comunidad Valenciana. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/232990TFG
Proyecto de automatización de una instalación de mecanizado y almacenamiento de piezas mediante TIA Portal y Machines Simulator
No full text[CA] Aquest Treball Final de Màster consisteix en l automatització i control d una planta simulada destinada al mecanitzat, assemblatge, paletitzat i emmagatzematge de diferents tipus de peces. L automatització del sistema s implementarà mitjançant el software TIA Portal juntament amb un autòmat Siemens S7-1500, i el seu funcionament es validarà a través d un bessó digital creat en Machines Simulator 3.
La instal·lació virtual integra les distintes etapes del procés productiu, el qual es composa d una classificació de peces segons l altura, dos estacions de mecanitzat, una unitat d assemblatge amb detecció i diferenciació per color mitjançant visió artificial, una etapa de paletitzat i un sistema d emmagatzematge amb diferents modes operatius. A més, una de les estacions de mecanitzat incorpora la tècnica Software in the Loop per a reproduir el comportament d un motor elèctric, així com d un control PI per a la regulació de la seua velocitat.
Finalment, s ha dissenyat una interfície HMI de Siemens per a que l usuari siga capaç de monitoritzar, supervisar i controlar el procés en temps real, centralitzant la interacció amb el sistema.
El projecte s inclou dins de la tendència actual cap a la digitalització industrial, destacant la importància dels entorns de simulació i de l automatització com a pilars de la Indústria 4.0 per aconseguir processos més eficients, flexibles i fiables.[ES] Este Trabajo Final de Máster consiste en la automatización y control de una planta simulada destinada
al mecanizado, ensamblaje, paletizado y almacenamiento de diferentes tipos de piezas. La
automatización del sistema se implementa mediante el software TIA Portal junto con un autómata
Siemens S7-1500, y su funcionamiento se valida a través de un gemelo digital creado en Machines
Simulator 3.
La instalación virtual integra las distintas etapas del proceso productivo, el cual se compone de una
clasificación de piezas según la altura, dos estaciones de mecanizado, una unidad de ensamblaje con
detección y diferenciación por color mediante visión artificial, una etapa de paletizado y un sistema de
almacenamiento con diferentes modos operativos. Además, una de las estaciones de mecanizado
incorpora la técnica "Software in the Loop" para reproducir el comportamiento de un motor eléctrico,
así como de un control PI para la regulación de su velocidad.
Finalmente, se ha diseñado una interfaz HMI de Siemens para que el usuario sea capaz de monitorizar,
supervisar y controlar el proceso en tiempo real, centralizando la interacción con el sistema.
El proyecto se incluye dentro de la tendencia actual hacia la digitalización industrial, destacando la
importancia de los entornos de simulación y de la automatización como pilares de la Industria 4.0 para
conseguir procesos más eficientes, flexibles y fiables.[EN] This Master's Final Project consists of the automation and control of a simulated plant for the
machining, assembly, palletizing and storage of different types of parts. The automation of the system
will be implemented using the TIA Portal software together with a Siemens S7-1500 automaton, and
its operation will be validated through a digital twin created in Machines Simulator 3.
The virtual installation integrates the different stages of the production process, which consists of a
classification of parts according to height, two machining stations, an assembly unit with color
detection and differentiation through artificial vision, a palletizing stage and a storage system with
different operating modes. In addition, one of the machining stations incorporates the "Software in the
Loop" technique to reproduce the behavior of an electric motor, as well as a PI control for the regulation
of its speed.
Finally, a Siemens HMI interface has been designed so that the user is able to monitor, supervise and
control the process in real time, centralizing the interaction with the system.
The project is part of the current trend towards industrial digitalization, highlighting the importance of
simulation environments and automation as pillars of Industry 4.0 to achieve more efficient, flexible
and reliable processes.Salinas Monzó, Á. (2026). Projecte d'automatització d'una instal·lació de mecanitzat i emmagatzematge de peces mitjançant TIA Portal i Machines Simulator. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/232682TFG
La cúpula de las Escuelas Pías de Valencia : causas de los daños e interpretación de las lesiones
No full text[ES] A principios de los años noventa, la iglesia de las Escuelas Pías, presentaba graves deficiencias en el revestimiento de tejas de su cubierta. Ello afectaba gravemente al ámbito interior, especialmente a su grandiosa cúpula, en la que acusaban manchas de humedad y algunos desconchados. Pero lo que más preocupaba eran diversas grietas que, siguiendo la trayectoria de los meridianos, desde el tambor hasta el tercio superior, rompían la cúpula. Alarmaba su estado y se abrían dudas acerca de su resistencia y estabilidad estructural. Para superar esta situación, se llevó a cabo un Plan Director que acometió unas puntuales intervenciones, de protección para las personas, debido al estado referido. En la primera fase se procedió al levantamiento arquitectónico, que definió con precisión las características geométricas y constructivas de la cúpula, que eran desconocidas. Se iniciaron los estudios estructurales acerca de la estabilidad, inicialmente la teoría del estado límite. Aplicando los polígonos funiculares, se comprobó su estabilidad, pero no justificó la existencia de las grietas. Para evaluar, además de las acciones gravitatorias, las acciones térmicas, se modelizó la cúpula descompuesta en elementos finitos y los resultados obtenidos permitieron avanzar que las grietas estaban ocasionadas por estas últimas, procediendo a instalar unos sensores, para el control de las deformaciones originadas por el gradiente térmico. El presenta INFORME recoge una síntesis pormenorizada de los anterior estudios y realiza una revisión crítica de los mismos. Respecto a cuestiones tales como: el estado límite, la evaluación de las acciones térmicas, o acerca de las tracciones y compresiones, que tensionan la cúpula. En la revisión el estudio de la estabilidad se extiende al conjunto de la cúpula y tambor y analiza los desniveles en los tres cuerpos del alzado de la rotonda del levantamiento previo. Se dedica un apartado a plantear los posibles tipos de acciones sobre la cúpula y su evaluación: pesos propios, acción del viento, térmicas, reológicas, sísmicas y asientos, giros, desplomes... A continuación se analizan las deformaciones y lesiones del estado actual del artefacto construido, por efecto de las acciones descritas para estudiar la sintomatología: las causas de las lesiones observadas.
El capítulo DISCUSIÓN plantea un debate abierto acerca de las causas y sobre el comportamiento mecánico estructural de la cúpula. El INFORME dedica un importante apartado a especificar las CONCLUSIONES, finalizando con unas Recomendaciones a considerar por la dirección facultativa respecto de: la calota estructural, el revestimiento de teja, la instrumentación de sensores, la inspección de tirantes y cadenas.Soler Verdú, R.;Benlloch Marco, Javier (2026). La cúpula de las Escuelas Pías de Valencia : causas de los daños e interpretación de las lesiones. https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/23280