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Kako napisati esej iz hrvatskoga jezika na državnoj maturi
Get PDFŠkolski esej jest analitički, neliterarni učenički rad u kojemu se iznose spoznaje dobivene proučavanjem neke teme, razmišljanja i stavovi o temi iz kojega nastavnog područja ili o kojoj pojavi u društvenoj stvarnosti. Spoznaje dobivene proučavanjem, iznesena razmišljanja i osobne stavove potrebno je što bolje obrazložiti i argumentirati te jasno i skladno organizirati u uvodni dio teksta, razradu teme i zaključni dio. Razlikujemo interpretativni školski esej, usporedno-raščlambeni i raspravljački školski esej. Ispit iz hrvatskoga jezika ispituje temeljna znanja i jezične vještine koje su učenici stekli tijekom svog obrazovanja. Na nacionalnom ispitu iz hrvatskoga jezika kroz vještinu pismenoga izražavanja i vještinu čitanja s razumijevanjem provjerava se: upotreba hrvatskoga jezika, književnoteorijsko znanje i književnopovijesno znanje. Esejom se provjerava pismeno izražavanje, a posebno vještina oblikovanja teksta. Interpretativni školski esej ponudit će pjesmu, ulomak proznoga, dramskoga ili esejističkoga književnoga djela ili likovni prilog koji prati tekst. Interpretativni esej se koristi kako bismo provjerili znanje i dali osobno mišljenje, a budući da se oslanja na neki predložak (ulomak teksta, pjesmu i sl.) potrebno je znati interpretirati taj predložak. Usporedno-raščlambeni esej nudi najmanje dva teksta koje povezuje neko obilježje: tematika, glavni motiv, književna vrsta, stilska epoha. U raspravljačkom školskom eseju predložene teme se odnose na društvenu stvarnost. Predložene teme nisu nikada strogo književne, no mogu se i ticati čitanja i pristupnikova odnosa prema književnosti i umjetnosti uopće
Exploring the impact of Al-based electrolytes on the charge storage behavior of vine shoots derived carbon
Get PDFA new concept for affordable supercapacitors based on Al aqueous electrolytes was proposed recently. This study provides a deeper insight into the cyclic performance of vine shoots-derived activated carbon using three different 1 M aqueous electrolytes: Al2(SO4)3, Al(NO3)3 and AlCl3. Cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic cycling and impedance measurements have shown that the type of anion causes the differences in the rate capability and long-term cyclability. Although CV deviation is provoked by aggravated sulphate penetration into pores upon switching at higher currents, Al2(SO4)3 emerged as the most promising electrolyte solution due to the best cycling stability of the 1.5 V full cell over 15,000 cycles. Intensive oxidation of the positive electrode during initial cycling, induced by nitrates reduction, is the main reason for the fastest capacitance drop observed in Al(NO3)3. Therefore, the capacitance values of the carbon cell measured after 5,000 cycles in Al(NO3)3 (75 F g-1) are two times lower than the corresponding values in Al2(SO4)3 and AlCl3 (131 and 127 F g-1, respectively). The oxidation becomes more pronounced only after 10,000 cycles in AlCl3, thus causing a notable capacitance drop, which is not evidenced in Al2(SO4)3. Al2(SO4)3-based cell can withstand 15,000 with good specific capacitance/energy retention
Flexural behaviour of pre-damaged RC beams retrofitted using CFRP laminates
No full textThis study entailed an investigation on retrofitting methods, aimed at enhancing the strength of reinforced concrete (RC) beams by applying carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates and CFRP fabrics in the flexural and shear zones of damaged RC beams. The experimental examination involved the casting and subsequent strengthening of six rectangular RC beams, via external bonding techniques utilizing both CFRP laminates and fabrics. The research design included five distinct systems of strengthening of pre-damaged RC beams up to the ultimate load level and 90 % of the ultimate load level. All RC beams were cast using M20-grade concrete and uniform reinforcement detailing. The results revealed a significant enhancement in the load-bearing capacity of the RC beams externally strengthened u CFRP laminates. Particularly, the beams retrofitted with U-shaped wrapping exhibited a substantial improvement in both crack and ultimate loads. These findings underscore the efficacy of the CFRP retrofitting approach, demonstrating a positive impact on the overall structural performance of pre-damaged RC beams. This study indicates that incorporating CFRP laminates and fabrics in the shear and flexural zones of pre-damaged beams up to the ultimate load level can enhance the ultimate load-carrying capacity by up to 13 %. The proposed approach offers a cost-effective strategy to enhance strength and maintain ductility without compromising the overall structural integrity
Victimological and Phenomenological Characteristics of Child Suicide: Educational Police Programs Based on Research Results
No full textNamjera istraživanja jest utvrditi obilježja samoubojstava i pokušaja samoubojstava djece, osoba u dobi do 18 godina, počinjenih na području Policijske uprave zagrebačke u razdoblju od 2010. do 2025. godine. Krajnja je svrha s pomoću utvrđenih obilježja, posebice čimbenika rizika, izraditi edukacijski program namijenjen policijskim službenicima na temelju kojeg bi se povećale njihove kompetencije i vještine u postupanjima prema djeci koja su u riziku od samoubojstva. Za ovo istraživanje kreiran je Upitnik s 34 varijable kojima su se ispitivala viktimološka i fenomenološka obilježja slučajeva samoubojstava i pokušaja samoubojstava djece počinjenih na području Policijske uprave zagrebačke, na temelju uvida u policijske predmete. U ovom radu prikazani su preliminarni rezultati istraživanja koje je još u tijeku jer se istraživačko razdoblje odnosi na 2010. – 2025. godinu. Objavom preliminarnih rezultata željelo se skrenuti pozornost na to kako opseg pojave samoubojstava kod djece te rezultati vezani uz viktimološka i fenomenološka obilježja zahtijevaju žurnu intervenciju stručnih službi u području edukacije stručnjaka i preveniranja te pojave. Rezultati cjelovitog istraživanja bit će objavljeni nakon završetka istraživanja.
Preliminarno analizirani pokazatelji koji se odnose na slučajeve koji su se dogodili od 2010. do 2019. upućuju na to da je u navedenom razdoblju na području Policijske uprave zagrebačke počinjeno 21 samoubojstvo i 53 pokušaja samoubojstva djece. S obzirom na spol, iz rezultata je vidljivo da samoubojstva čine gotovo jednako oba spola. Najčešći način izvršenja jest vješanje (57,1%), a samoubojstva se najčešće događaju u dobi od 16 do 18 godina (66,7%). Pokušaji samoubojstava zastupljeniji su među ženskom djecom (58,5%), koja to uglavnom čine trovanjem (47,2%) i rezanjem žila (22,6%), a pokušaji samoubojstava najčešće se događaju u dobi od 16 do 18 godina (52,8%).
Uz preliminarne rezultate istraživanja, u članku se daje pregled spoznaja vezanih uz etiološka i fenomenološka objašnjenja samoubojstava djece, rizične čimbenike, ulogu policije i važnost edukacije policijskih službenika.
viktimološka i fenomenološka obilježja, samoubojstva djece, edukacija policijskih službenika, rizični čimbeniciThe purpose of the research is to determine the suicides and suicide attempts of children and persons aged up to 18 committed in the area of the Zagreb Police Administration in the period from 2010 to 2025. The ultimate purpose is to use established characteristics, especially factors risks, to create an educational program for police officers that increases their competencies and skills in dealing with children who are at risk of suicide. A Questionnaire with 34 variables was created for this research on victimological and phenomenological characteristics of cases of suicide and suicide attempts of children committed in the area of the Zagreb Police Administration, based on the inspection of police records subjects. This paper presents the preliminary research results that are still ongoing because the research period refers to the years 2010-2025. By publishing the preliminary results, I wanted to show how the scope of the occurrence of suicide in children and the results related to victimological and phenomenological characteristics require the urgent intervention of professional services in the field of expert education and prevention of this phenomenon. The results of the complete research will be published upon completion. Preliminarily analysed indicators related to cases that occurred from 2010 to 2019 indicate that it is in the territory of the Police Administration. During the said period in Zagreb, there were 21 suicides and 53 attempted suicides by children. Considering the gender, the results show that suicides are committed almost equally by both sexes. The most common method of execution is hanging (57.1%), and suicides most often occur between the ages of 16 and 18 (66.7%). Suicide attempts are more prevalent among female children (58.5%), who mostly do so by poisoning (47.2%) and cutting veins (22.6%), and suicide attempts most often occur in those aged 16 to 18 (52.8%). Along with the preliminary results of the research, the article provides an overview of knowledge related to etiological and phenomenological explanations of child suicides, risk factors, the role of the police and the importance of education of police officers.
victimological and phenomenological characteristics, child suicides, education police officers, risk factor
Microstructures of feldspar crystals from Pakra Creek valley granite (Papuk Mt., Croatia)
No full textOptical polarizing microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectroscopy have been used to study microstructures in feldspars from two structurally and texturally different granite types from Pakra Creek valley (Papuk Mt., Croatia). The porphyritic texture granite contains pink potassium feldspar megacrysts with cross-hatched extinction and tweed pattern, which proved to be intermediate microcline to orthoclase. These crystals have Or > 90% and An=0 composition, and coexist with low albite Or(1.2)Ab(98.8)An(0). The feldspars from the granite with homogenous finegrained microstructure are white in colour and proved to be mixture of lamellar and zoned plagioclase and intermediate microcline. The plagioclase has a Na:Ca ratio close to 3:1 and minor K content (72.2
Pyrazolone derivatives as corrosion inhibitors of copper in sulfuric acid solution
Get PDFThis study examines the corrosion inhibition of copper in aerated H2SO4 solution using 5-methyl, 5-phenyl, and 5-methyl-2-phenyl derivatives of 2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one (Py) through electrochemical techniques, gravimetric method, SEM, DFT and Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed that these compounds exhibited good inhibition efficiency, increasing in the order: Py II (84.9 %) < Py III (87.9 %) < Py I (90.1 %) at 10 mM. The pro¬tection efficiency improved with higher inhibitor concentration and decreased with rising temperature. Thermodynamic parameters for the inhibition process were calculated, with /delta)Hads0 values of -17.76±0.607, -15.8±0.101 and -16.24±0.118 kJ mol-1 for Py I, Py II and Py III, respectively, confirming the exothermic nature of adsorption. The adsorption fol¬lowed the Langmuir isotherm and occurred physically and spontaneously. Monte Carlo simulations indicated that PYs adsorbed in a parallel configuration, provide better coverage of the metal surface with high adsorption energy. SEM confirmed formation of a protective layer. Based on experimental and theoretical data, pyrazolone derivatives are recommended as corrosion inhibitors for copper in H2SO4 media
An application of an environmentally extended input-output model to the assessment of CO2 emissions of Croatian economic sectors
Get PDFThe adverse effects of pollution and the impacts of different productive sectors on the degradation of the environment have become important issues in economic development analysis. This study aims to estimate the overall carbon footprint of different economic sectors of the Croatian economy. Total CO2 emissions are decomposed by direct and indirect emissions of productive sectors and final demand by applying the environmentally extended input-output analysis (EEIO). EEIO approach enables the decomposition of the total CO2 emissions of specific sectors into emissions related to the production of final goods and services and the production of intermediate inputs delivered to other economic sectors. The highest level of direct emissions has been generated by sectors producing energy products and transportation. As the output of those sectors is required as intermediate inputs used by the other sectors, the EEIO model redistributes emissions to other sectors, delivering final products to domestic users and abroad. Besides transport and electricity, Croatia's highest level of total direct and indirect emissions is found in the construction sector, production of non-metallic mineral products and food industry
Design and Development of Educational Modular Mobile Robot Platform
Get PDFThis paper presents the design and experimental validation of a modular educational robot platform. The development of a novel modular unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) platform is based on open-source system architecture featuring carefully considered modules and is specifically tailored for application in STEM education. The proposed platform is comprehensive in terms of motion planning and modelling. Mathematical description of the non-holonomic and holonomic configuration of the robot is given, and a derived model is implemented in a software package in order to perform simulations and experiments. The design process resulted in a 3D printed novel brick-based robot chassis, offering advantages such as low manufacturing costs, easy repair and maintenance, and seamless expandability with additional modules. The proposed modular platform underwent validation across three robot configurations and three different control ecosystems
Safety Work as a Factor in Reducing the Number of Injuries of Tractor Operators
No full textModern agricultural production requires the use of agricultural machinery. Among all agricultural machines, the tractor is one of the most frequently used agricultural machines. In this paper, we perform a literature review and explore various safety hazards a tractor operator is exposed to. Next, we present the results of a work safety related survey we conducted in Osijek-Baranja and Vukovar-Srijem counties. We conclude the paper with a list of safety related observations we derived from our research