National Kaohsiung First University of Science and Technology
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Bioleaching of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soil by Fungi
No full text[[abstract]]近年來工業發展迅速，使得土壤污染問題日益嚴重。文獻指出，真菌於代謝過程中會有機酸，而這些有機酸能有效地將礦物以及土壤中的重金屬溶出。本研究將探討真菌生物溶出技術應用於重?屬污染土壤之可行性，並找到固體物濃度、土壤顆粒大小、基質濃度、初始pH值以及操作模式等最佳參數。真菌於生物溶出的過程中，會產生有機酸同時影響pH值以及重金屬溶出率。無論是以純種菌(Aspergillusniger)或是以土壤原生菌對土壤中重金屬進行生物溶出，原生菌的效果皆高於純菌，且原生菌產酸能力比純菌好。當固體物濃度越低、蔗糖濃度越高、土壤顆粒越小時，有機酸產生量較佳且金屬溶出效率亦較高。在固體物濃度試驗中，錳於第6天即可達到100%溶出(TS=1%)；而當固體物濃度為15%及以上時，其產酸之能力受到了抑制。而在培養基蔗糖濃度由50g/L增加至100g/L時，土壤中鋅、鉛、鎳、錳、鉻及銅之溶出效率約分別可由52%、14%、38%、72%、12%與18%提升至67%、21%、45%、89%、14%及23%。在初始pH值影響實驗中發現，當初始pH>5時，重金屬鎳、銅、鉻、鉛的溶出率明顯降低；而當初始pH<5時，鉻、鉛的溶出效率亦下降。操作模式探討實驗中發現，使用間接溶出法進行生物溶出可以提高鉛、錳、鉻、銅等金屬的溶出效率，因為在生物溶出過程中，溶出的鉛、鉻、銅離子可能會再吸附於菌絲上，而間接溶出法中反應槽內並沒有菌種存在，因此間接溶出法中鉛、錳、鉻、銅溶出效率較高。[[abstract]]Recently,thesoilpollutionbecomesincreasinglyserousduetotherapidindustrialzation.Somefungihavetheabilitytoexcreteabundantamountsoforganicacids,suchascitricacid,oxalicacidandgluconicacidwhicharewell-knownlixiviantsforthemetalbioleachingfrommetal-contaminatedsoils.Therefore,theobjectiveofthisstudyaretoinvestigatethatbioleachingofheavymetalsfromcontaminatedsoilbyfungi,andtoenhancetheapplicationfeasibilityofthisbiotechnologyintheremediationofcontaminatedsoilinfuture.TheresultsshowedthattherateofpHreductiondecreasedwithdecreasingsoilsoildcontentandincreasingsucroseconcentrationthefungalbioleachingprocess.Theorganicacidproductionandthemetalsolubilizationefficiencywerehigherwhenthefungalbioleachngprocesswithlowersolidconcentrationorhighersucroseconcentration.Thehighestleachingefficiencyofheavymetalswereachievedat1%soilsoildcontentatthefirst7dayinthefungalbioleachingprocess.Whenthesolidsolidcontentincreasedto15%(w/v),theproductionoforganicacidsandmetalleachingwereinhibited.TheremovalefficiencyofZn,Pb,Ni,Mn,CrandCuincreasedto67%,21%,45%,89%,14%and23%from52%,14%,38%,72%,12%and18%,respectively,whenthesucroseconcentrationaddedinthefungalbioleachingprocessincreasedfrom50g/Lto100g/L.ThesuitableinitialpHvalueofthefungalbioeachingprocesswasfoundtobebelow5.0.Ontheotherhand,theremovalefficiencyofheavymetalsfromthesoilwashigherinthebioleachingprocessbyusingspentmediumthanthoseintheone-andtwo-stepbioleachingprocesses.Thisisbecausetheleachedheavymetalswillbeadsorbedbythefungusagainduringthebioleachingprocess.Generally,therearenobiomassinthebioleachingprocesswithspentmediumandthisbiosorptionofheavymetalswillnotoccur
Study of cold Ironing Aluminum Hollow tubes by Finite Element Analysis
No full text[[abstract]]摘要：本研究採用鋁合金AA7050引縮成形的滑動桿作為研究標的，先以Deform軟體針對中空管引縮成形模具的眼模半角、面積縮減率作模擬成形分析，確認製程範圍與可行性，配合使用的胚料管來決定成形道次同時進行模具設計、製作與驗證，再參考載具「登山車避震前叉」的檢驗規範EN14766進行動態疲勞測試。模擬結果顯示單一道次的面積縮減率超過45%將會有成形斷裂以及變形不均的潛在風險，由於使用的胚料管均已超過該面積縮減率為前提下，所以採取二道次引縮成形，眼模半角則分析出低於5?角的製程穩定範圍，再結合眼模高度的限制條件下設計確定眼模半角固定為3?角進行模具製作與成形加工，經過動態疲勞測試後發現：第一道次面積縮減率41.7%配合第二道次面積縮減率13.64%的滑動桿經過動態疲勞壽命平均可達到25.5萬次，優於第一道次面積縮減率20.9%配合第二道次面積縮減率13.64%（疲勞壽命平均僅為8.6萬次）及21.8%（疲勞壽命平均為15.7萬次），順利達成穩定量產平均超過20萬次的目標。關鍵詞：登山車避震前叉、冷間引縮成形、眼模半角、面積縮減率[[abstract]]ABSTRACTThearticlewasinvestigatedofthealuminumalloy7050slidertubemadebycoldIroning,andfirsttothehollowtubeIroningmoldwithsemi-angleandreductionratemakesthesimulationforminganalysisbytheDEFORM,confirmedthesystemregulationscopeandthefeasibility.Followingtheunformedtubedecidedtheformedwhilegoingalongsimultaneouslycarriesonthemolddesign,themanufactureandtheconfirmation,thenreferstothevehicle“MountainBicyclessuspensionfork“examinationstandardEN14766tocarryonthedynamicfatiguetest.TheanalogueresultwillshowthesingletimeIroningofreductionrateover45%willbebreaktheformingprocessandthedeformationofthepotentialrisks,Associatedwiththeuseoftheunformedtubearealreadyoverthereductionrate,thereforewilladopttwotimesIroningtopushthesystemforming;Thesemi-angleanalyzesislowerthan5?anglesthesystemregulationstablescopes,plusthemoldhighlimitingfactorthatdetermineeyemoldsemi-angleisfixedat3?andcarriesonthemoldmanufactureandtheformedprocessing.Afterpassesthroughthedynamicfatiguetesttodiscover:firstmeetingreductionratewith41.7%ofthesecondmeetingofthe13.64%slidertubeisdynamicfatiguelifeaverageof255thousandtimes,betterthanthefirsttimereductionrate20.9%inconjunctionwiththesecondmeetingreductionrate13.64%(fatiguelifeaverageofonly86thousand)and21.8%(fatiguelifeaverageof157thousand),achievestabilityinvolumeproductionaveragedover200thousandtarget.Keywords:MountainBicyclessuspensionfork、coldIroning、eyemoldsemi-angle、reductionrat
Marketing Capability, Philanthropy Responsibility, Crisis Management Capability and Organizational Performance
No full text[[abstract]]企業卓越的績效，以及有價值、難以模仿、無法被取代的競爭優勢，多來自於行銷能力；此外，社會大眾越來越重視企業社會責任(CSR)，所以許多企業在公司官網上會特別增設一個網頁介紹公司的CSR，而內容多半都是描述公司的慈善活動，或是慈善捐款，並非整體CSR，而是CSR金字塔頂層的慈善責任。而近年來，許多企業重視慈善責任的同時，食品安全事件卻也層出不窮，因此，本研究欲探討在食品產業中(分成食品製造與食品服務)，影響組織績效的前因，以及企業執行之慈善責任，和面對外在負面事件下之危機管理能力，兩者對行銷能力與組織績效之交互影響關係。本研究採用問卷調查法收集研究樣本，以企業之主管階層員工為實證對象，共取得140份的有效樣本，並以結構方程模式(SEM)來驗證研究假設。研究結果發現：1.行銷能力正向影響組織績效2.慈善責任正向影響組織績效3.危機管理能力正向影響組織績效4.慈善責任對行銷能力與組織績效並未有交互影響之關係5.危機管理能力對行銷能力與組織績效並未有交互影響之關係[[abstract]]Mostmarketingcapabilitybringsbusinessexcellentperformance,valuable,hardmimicryandirreplaceablecompetitivestrengths.Inaddition,manycompaniesinthecompany'sofficialwebsitewillbeaspecialadditiontoawebsitetointroducethecompany'sCSR,duetotheincreasingemphasisoncorporatesocialresponsibility(CSR).Mostofthecontentistodescribethecompany'scharityactivitiesorcharitabledonations,nottheoverallCSR,butthephilanthropyresponsibilityofthetopoftheCSRpyramid.Inrecentyears,manycompaniestakeseriousofcharitableresponsibility;inthemeanwhile,foodsafetyincidentsareendless.Therefore,ourresearchaimstodiscussthefoodindustry(dividedintofoodmanufacturingandfoodservices)andfindcauseswhichimpactorganizationalperformance.Aswellasthephilanthropyresponsibilityoftheimplementation,andthefaceofexternalnegativeeventsunderthecrisismanagementcapabilities,bothonmarketingandorganizationalperformanceoftheinteractionrelationship.Inthisstudy,questionnairewasusedtocollectthestudysamplesandwefocusontheexecutivedirectoroftheenterpriseasanempiricalobject.Thereare140validsampleswereobtainedandStructuralequationmodel(SEM)wasusedfortestingthehypothesisrelations.Theresearchfindingsareasfollowing:1.MarketingCapabilityhaspositiveimpactonOrganizationalPerformance2.PhilanthropyResponsibilityhaspositiveimpactonOrganizationalPerformance3.CrisisManagementCapabilityhaspositiveimpactonOrganizationalPerformance4.MarketingCapabilitydoesnothavepositiveimpactonOrganizationalPerformancetowardPhilanthropyResponsibility5.MarketingCapabilitydoesnothavepositiveimpactonOrganizationalPerformancetowardCrisisManagementCapabilit
The Influence of Involvement on Continuous Usage Intention of Purchase Apps
No full text[[abstract]]近年來資訊科技越來越發達，人們對行動裝置依賴程度越來越高，消費行為從過去習慣在實體店鋪消費，到近年來使用線上網站進行購物，而最近消費者使用行動裝置進行購物的比例逐漸提高，資策會預估在2020年行動購物規模可達線上購物比例15%，本研究以科技接受模式(TechnologyAcceptanceModel,TAM)與期望確認理論(ExpectationConfirmationTheory)來探討自助式服務科技的涉入程度是否會影響購物APP持續使用意圖。本研究以便利抽樣法發放問卷，共取得464份有效問卷，以結構方程模式(SEM)與單因子變異數分析(ANOVA)驗證研究假說。研究結果如下：(1)自助式服務科技的涉入程度對服務品質有正向影響。(2)服務品質對信任有正向影響。(3)信任對認知有用性有正向影響。(4)服務品質對滿意度有正向影響。(5)認知有用性對購物APP持續使用意圖有正向影響。(6)滿意度對購物APP的持續使用意圖有正向影響。(7)自助式服務科技的涉入程度高低在購物APP持續使用意圖上有顯著差異。最後本研究依據上述結果，提出實務意涵，提供未來研究與業界應用。關鍵字：自助式服務科技、科技接受模式、期望理論、持續使用意圖[[abstract]]Inrecentyears,informationtechnologyhasdevelopedincreasinglyandpeopleincreasinglyrelyonmobiledevices.Inthepast,People’sbuyingbehaviorusedtoconsumeinthephysicalstore.Inrecentyears,peopleareaccustomedtopurchaseonline.Therefore,theproportionofconsumersusingmobiledevicestopurchaseisincreasedrecently.MarketIntelligence&ConsultingInstitute(MIC)estimatesthatthesizeofmobileshoppingwillaccountforfifteenpercentofonlineshoppingin2020.ThisstudyadoptedTechnologyAcceptanceModel(TAM)andExpectationConfirmationTheory(ETC)toexplorewhetherthedegreeofself-servicetechnology’se-involvementwillaffectthecontinuoususageintentionofpurchaseapplication.Thisstudyadoptedconveniencesamplingtocollectdataandwereceivedtotal464effectivesamples.Itappliedstructuralequationmodel(SEM)andanalysisofvariance(ANOVA)toexamineallthefactors,theanalyticalresultsshowed:(1)Thedegreeofself-serviceservicetechnology’sinvolvementispositivelyrelatedtoservicequality.；(2)Servicequalityispositivelyrelatedtotrust.；(3)Servicequalityispositivelyrelatedtosatisfaction.；(4)Trustispositivelyrelatedtoperceivedusefulness.；(5)Perceivedusefulnessispositivelyrelatedtocontinuoususageintention.；(6)Satisfactionispositivelyrelatedtocontinuoususageintention.；(7)Thedegreeofself-servicetechnology’sinvolvementhassignificantdifferenceoncontinuoususageintentionofpurchaseapplication.Finally,accordingtotheresearch,thesestudyresultsofpracticalimplications,andrecommendationsareforthefutureresearch.Keyword：Self-ServiceTechnology、TechnologyAcceptanceModel、ExpectationConfirmationTheory、ContinuousUsageIntentio
Exploring Influenced to the Usage Intention of Mobile Payment: An Analysis of Comparing Taiwan with Mainland China
No full text[[abstract]]近年來台灣大力發展行動支付產業，但相較於大陸來說，台灣的行動支付還是稍顯落後，在行動支付的使用意願和推廣擴散方面也不盡人意。本研究以TAM科技接受模型為基礎，結合創新擴散理論、UTAUT模型、網路外部理論及情境理論討論行動支付使用意願的影響因素，並比較台灣與大陸兩岸影響因素的差異性。本研究針對台灣與大陸兩岸擁有行動裝置的使用者進行便利抽樣，分別取得各250份有效問卷，並以結構方程模式（SEM）驗證研究之假設關係。研究發現如下：1.可試驗性、社會影響、網路外部性、使用情境皆會正向影響行動支付的感知有用性和感知易用性。2.可觀察性對行動支付的感知有用性和感知易用性產生負向影響。3.感知有用性和感知易用性會正向影響行動支付的使用意願。4.相較於大陸使用者來說，台灣使用者認為可觀察性、網路外部性對行動支付的感知易用性影響更大。5.相較於大陸使用者來說，台灣使用者認為網路外部性對行動支付的感知有用性影響更大。[[abstract]]Inrecentyears,TaiwanencouragesthedevelopmentofMobilePaymentindustry.ComparedtotheMobilePaymentindustryinMainlandChina,theindustry’sdevelopmentinTaiwanisslightlybehind.Theusageintentionandmarketingpromotionleavemuchtobedesired.ThisstudyistocombinetheTAMmodel,withtheInnovationDiffusionTheory,UTAUTmodel,NetworkExternalitiesTheory,SituationalTheoryinordertoexploreinfluenceoftheusageintentionofmobilepayment,andfurthermoretocompareTaiwanwithMainlandChina.Theconveniencesamplingmethodwasusedtocollectthedataneededforthisstudy.Atotalsampleincluding250from“Taiwan”and250from“MainlandChina”wascollectedfromconsumerswhohasmobiledevice.Hypothesesofthisstudywereexaminedbyusingastructuralequationmodel(SEM).Theresearchfindingsareasfollowing:1.Trialability,SocialInfluence,NetworkExternalities,UseContexthavepositiveimpactonPerceivedUsefulnessandPerceivedEaseofUse.2.ObservabilityhasnegativeimpactonPerceivedUsefulnessandPerceivedEaseofUse.3.PerceivedUsefulnessandPerceivedEaseofUsehavepositiveimpactonusageintention.4.ComparedtoMainlandChinarespondents,TaiwanrespondentsconsidertheObservabilityandNetworkExternalitieshavegreaterimpactonPerceivedEaseofUse.5.Similarly,TaiwanrespondentsconsidertheNetworkExternalitieshavegreaterimpactonPerceivedUsefulness
How the country image & store environment affect brand loyalty: The case of Starbucks
No full text[[abstract]]在全球競爭激烈與快速變遷的市場裡，龍頭企業要如何在各個國家中穩居第一，並保有消費者的忠誠度一直以來為許多企業必須所思考的問題，也就是說，企業要在全球化的腳步中成功，勢必要先找出自己的核心競爭力，掌握企業本身的優勢，配合當地環境存在的機會。而過去行銷研究者對於消費者看待全球連鎖咖啡品牌及本土咖啡品牌上的認知並未特別研究，基於此缺口，本研究旨在調查影響品牌忠誠之因素，其包括國家形象、店內環境，導致如何影響品牌形象的中介變數(全球品牌&當地品牌)，以及結果變數(品牌忠誠)，並以實證方式檢驗此架構的有效性。此研究採發送問卷並調查一般消費者，且實證部分以問卷方式作為調查。受測對象有326位，完成有效問卷321份。統計分析結果顯示:(1)「國家形象」及「品牌形象」均顯著影響「品牌忠誠」。(2)美國國家形象的認知，歐洲樣本與台灣樣本並無顯著差異。(3)比起星巴克的店內環境，歐洲樣本較偏向自己的傳統咖啡廳。(4)品牌形象被證明為部分中介效果。本研究的結果能釐清形成品牌忠誠的重要因素及其相對重要性，應有助於企業或店家在運用「品牌忠誠」作為其行銷手段時能依據本研究的結果將行銷資源做適當的配置，以擬訂有效的「品牌忠誠」行為，以避免不切實際的浪費。本研究除了探討行銷意涵及研究限制，並對學術界及企業界提供若干建議與未來研究方向。[[abstract]]Inthehighlycompetitivemarket,howtomaintainbrandloyaltyhasbeenanissueformanyenterprises.Thatis,inordertosucceedinglobalmarkets,itisnecessaryfortheenterprisetofirstlyfindouttheircorecompetitivenessandtograsptheadvantagesofthelocalenvironmentopportunities.Inthepast,marketresearchershavenotstudiedtheperceptionofglobalcoffeebrandsandlocalcoffeebrands.Basedonthisresearchgap,theaimofthisstudyistoinvestigatethefactorsthatinfluencebrandloyalty,includingcountryimage,storeenvironment,andthebrandimageTheempiricalstudyisbasedonaquestionnairesurveydistributedtothegeneralpublic.326questionnaireswerecollected,321validquestionnaireswereretrieved.Theresultsshowthat:(1)Countryimageandbrandimagehaveasignificantimpactonbrandloyalty.(2)There’snosignificantdifferencebetweentheEuropeanandTaiwaneseconsumersontheperceptionofbrandimage.(3)ComparedtothestoreenvironmentofStarbucks,theEuropeanconsumersmorestronglyprefertheirowntraditionalcoffeeshopthanTaiwaneseconsumers.(4)Brandimageturnedouttobeapartialmediator.Theresultsofthisstudycanclarifytheimportantfactorsoftheformationofbrandloyalty,anditsrelativeimportancemayhelpenterprisesuse"brandloyalty"asitsmarketingmeansbasedontheresultsofthisstudy;forexample,howtoappropriatelyallocatemarketingresources,andformulateeffective"brandloyalty"inordertoavoidunrealisticwaste.Inadditiontoexploringthemarketingimplicationsandresearchlimitations,thisstudyprovidesanumberofsuggestionsandfutureresearchdirectionsforacademiaandthepracticefield
Study on enhancing performance of cholesteric liquid crystal laser using a reflector
No full text[[abstract]]本研究探討兩種以膽固醇液晶作為共振腔的雷射輸出特性，一種是分佈回饋式共振腔，另一種是Fabry-Perot共振腔，並比較分別在兩種共振腔一面玻璃基板黏貼反射鏡對雷射輸出效能的影響。膽固醇液晶具有週期性結構，可視為一維光子晶體，入射光在光子晶體中行進時，會因感受到折射率的週期性變化而產生破壞性干涉，使膽固醇液晶反射特定波段內和膽固醇液晶旋性相同的圓偏振光。在反射波段邊緣有較大的光子狀態密度，群速度幾乎為零，類似共振腔的效果，稱為分佈回饋式共振腔，當摻雜於膽固醇液晶中的螢光物質受激發時，可得到低能量閥值的雷射輸出。若將雷射增益介質夾於兩片膽固醇液晶之間形成三明治結構，膽固醇液晶相當於Fabry-Perot共振腔的反射鏡，螢光在兩反射鏡之間來回通過增益介質，藉由受激輻射將光放大，當增益克服損耗時，可得到雷射輸出。本研究製作單層膽固醇液晶及三明治結構的樣品，以P597當做雷射增益介質，於單層結構中是將P597摻雜於膽固醇液晶內，而三明治結構則是將摻雜P597的聚合物夾在兩片膽固醇液晶間，以Nd-YAG脈衝雷射激發樣品。無論單層或三明治結構的膽固醇液晶樣品，雷射都是從樣品兩面玻璃基板輸出，為使雷射集中，本研究並分別製作一面玻璃基板貼有反射鏡的單層和三明治結構的膽固醇液晶樣品，比較兩種結構的樣品在有黏貼反射鏡的情況下，其臨界能量大小、雷射輸出強度和偏振性的變化。[[abstract]]Inthisstudy,weinvestigatedthelasercharacteristicsoftwotypesofresonantcavitiesformedbycholestericliquidcrystal(CLC).Oneisdistributedfeedbackresonator,andtheotherisFabry-Perotresonator.Wecomparedthelasingefficienciesofthetwotypesofresonantcavitieswithandwithoutareflectoronaglasssubstrateofthecavities.CLCshaveperiodicstructureandcanberegardedasone-dimensionalphotoniccrystals.ElectromagneticwavesinacertainwavelengthrangeandwiththesamehandednessasthehelixcannotpropagateinCLCduetodestructiveinterferencebetweenwavesscatteredfromtheperiodicallymodulatedrefractiveindexstructure.ThedensityofphotonicstatesislargeandthegroupvelocityapproacheszeroattheedgesofthereflectionbandwhereCLCactsasaresonatorandprovidesadistributedfeedback.WhenfluorescentmaterialsdopedintheCLCwereexcited,lowthresholdlasingwasobtained.IfagainmediumwassandwichedbetweentwoCLCstoformasandwichstructure,theCLCsactedasreflectorsofaFabry-Perotresonator,inwhichlightpassedbackandforththroughthegainmedium.Whenthecavitygainovercomesalllosses,laseractiontakesplace.Inthisstudy,laserdyeP597wasusedasalasergainmedium,whichwasdopedinasinglelayerCLCandinapolymermatrixsandwichedbetweentwoCLCs,respectively.ApulsedNd-YAGlaserwasusedtoexcitethesamples.Thelaserbeamswereemittedfrombothsubstratesofeachsample.Inordertoamplifythelaserpower,areflectorwasattachedtoonesubstrateofeachtypeofresonator.Wecomparedthedifferencesinenergythreshold,lasingintensity,andthepolarizationstatesofthelaseroutputbetweenthesampleswithandwithoutareflector
Development of an Interactive App Material on Swimming Learning
No full text[[abstract]]台灣從事水上運動為國人所好，但溺水意外卻不斷發生，居然在世界衛生組織(WHO)會發佈「青少年游泳溺斃人數」調查，臺灣排名世界第一，教育部不斷推廣學生游泳及自救能力希望能根除悲劇，學會游泳並不是件困難的事，但常因為學習的流程不正確、學習者無法辨別錯誤的關鍵以及該如何自我加強練習等因素，導致許多的學習者在遭遇到瓶頸時束手無策不知該如何解決，最後選擇了放棄。本研究將利用SmartAPPCreator3.0互動式多媒體電子書編輯軟體建置一套游泳輔助學習互動APP教材(以下簡稱本教材)，教材內容參考教育部全國中、小學學生游泳與自救能力基本指標以及台北教育大學教育學系體育組（游泳專長）老師提供實際教學的程序、步驟及要領而編成。課程設計採由淺入深、循序漸進的方式安排，並在每階段實施驗證遊戲或動作檢視。讓學習者能透過行動裝置自行安排時間及地點參考練習，補強傳統學習上的不足。本教材將分為三大主軸，主要是為水上活動愛好者所設計的游泳相關常識、讓學習者能熟悉水性和自救基本能力的初學者，以及學習標準游泳四式的進階者。讓游泳程度不同的學習者能選擇適合自己的單元來學習，較不易產生挫折感，以提高學習興趣及成效。[[abstract]]WatersportsarealwayspopularinTaiwanbutatthesametime,wekeepseeingdrowningaccidentsoccur.Accordingtothe"juvenileswimmingdrowningcount"surveyissuedbyWHO,Taiwanhasthehighestdrowningrate.TheMinisterofEducationhasbeenencouragingstudentstolearnswimming,howeverithappensalotthatstudentsdon’tknoweitherthecorrectprocedures,norhowtheycanpracticebythemselveswhentheylearn,theyendupquittingwhendifficultieshitthem.ThisstudywilluseSmartAPPCreator3.0interactivemultimediae-bookeditingsoftwaretobuildasetofswimmingsupportlearninginteractiveteachingmaterials(hereinafterreferredtoasthetextbook),thetextbookreferencetotheMinistryofEducationnationalprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudentsswimmingandself-helpabilitybasicindicatorsandTaipeiEducationDepartmentofEducationDepartmentofSports(swimmingexpertise)teacherstoprovidepracticalteachingprocedures,stepsandessentialscompiled.Thecourseisdesignedinastep-by-stepmanner,andavalidationgameorself-viewisperformedateachstage.Sothatlearnerscanarrangetheirowntimeandplacereferenceexercisesthroughmobiledevicestoreinforcetraditionallearningdeficiencies.Thetextbookwillbedividedintothreemajorspindles:Forthewatersportsenthusiaststogetswimmingknowledge,forbeginnerstobefamiliarwiththebasicskillsofwaterandself-help,andforadvancedswimmerstolearnmedleyswim.Sothatlearnersofvariousdegreesofswimmingcanchoosetheirownunitstolearn,lesspronetofrustrationinordertoimprovelearninginterestandeffectiveness
A Traffic Speed Limit Signs Detection and Recognition System for iOS Devices
No full text[[abstract]]近年來，智慧型行動裝置(如智慧型手機或是平板電腦)在日常生活中已逐漸普及。行動裝置內建的各種感測器使得開發能感知環境並且(協助使用者)採取適當動作這樣的應用程式(Apps)變得可能且直接。尤其，有越來越多運行在行動裝置上的Apps具備了多媒體處理能力和人工智慧(例如：某些Apps被開發用於在相片中或現實世界中偵測與辨識感興趣的目標物)。將目標設定為透過App達成有智慧地提醒駕駛員該路段的限速，本篇論文提出了一個基於影像處理之交通限速號誌偵測與辨識系統。該系統主要包含兩個模組：限速號誌的偵測與限速號誌的辨識。第一個模組用於在具有複雜背景的影像中偵測限速號誌以標示為感興趣區域，當中採用了一連串的影像處理技術包含色彩空間轉換、顏色切割以及形狀偵測。對於偵測階段使用顏色和形狀作為特徵的偵測結果會比單獨使用顏色特徵或是形狀特徵的偵測結果較佳。第二個模組則將偵測到的感興趣區域做進一步的數字切割與數字分類處理以辨識限速資訊。本論文設計了實驗證明所提出的系統可得到不錯的結果。此外，所提的系統也以iOSApp的方式實現於行動裝置上，透過行動裝置內建的後置鏡頭持續地擷取車前景像作為所提系統的輸入。辨識得到的限速資訊則以App的UI介面呈現在畫面中並輔以語音提示駕駛員。[[abstract]]Mobiledevices,suchassmartphonesandtabletPCs,haverecentlybecomepopularinourdailylife.VariouskindsofsensorsembeddedinthemobiledevicesmakeitpossibleandstraightforwardtodevelopAppsthatcanperceivetheenvironmentand(helpusers)takeactionsappropriately.Specifically,moreandmoreAppsthatrunonmobiledevicesequipwithabilitiesofmultimediaprocessingandartificialintelligence(e.g.,someAppsaredevelopedfordetectingand/orrecognizingtargetsofinteresteitherinaphotoorintherealworld).AimingonintelligentlyremindingdriversthespeedlimitsoftheroadviaanApp,thispaperproposesatrafficspeedlimitsignsdetectionandrecognitionsystembasedonimageprocessing.Thesystemconsistsoftwomainmodules:trafficspeedlimitsignsdetectionandrecognition.Thefirstmodule,todetectthetrafficspeedlimitsignsasregionsofinterest(ROIs)inanimagewithcomplexbackground,cascadesseveralimageprocessingtechniquessuchascolorspaceconversion,colorsegmentationandshapedetection.Ithasbeenshownthatbothcolorspaceandshapefeaturesareadoptedcanachievebetterdetectionresultthanthatwithonlycolorspaceorshapefeature.Inthesecondmodule,thedetectedROIsarefurtherprocessedwithcharactersegmentationandclassificationtechniquestorecognizethespeedlimitinformation.Someexperimentalresultshavebeenobtainedtosupporttheefficacyoftheproposedsystem.Moreover,theproposedsystemhasalsobeenimplementedasaniOSAppwhichtakesimagescontinuouslyfromtheembeddedrearcameraasinputstotheproposedsystem.IntheAppimplementation,therecognizedspeedlimitinformationispresentedthroughbothUIandvoicemessagestoremindthedrivers
Generic Indoor Positioning Framework
No full text[[abstract]]本論文研究通用室內定位框架，可以依據不同的場域應用，彈性替換無線通訊技術中的感測層裝置、網路傳輸層裝置、以及其中的微控制器(MCU)。現今室內定位系統結合無線通訊技術解決了GPS受到建築物遮蔽的限制，可以安裝於特殊的環境條件中，準確地針對特定人或物進行定位，是物聯網(InternetofThings,IoT)中非常重要的一環。然而，目前這些無線通訊技術並不容易依據情境與環境需求來實現，例如應用場域中感測距離的改變，來更換通訊模組或是微控制器，不同通訊模組之間也不容易進行整合，無法建構一個可以隨著場域應用變換的彈性系統。本論文定義一個室內定位系統框架，用以建立一個系統開發工具(SDK)的雛形，在環境與場域應用變更時，不需要全部重新撰寫程式，只需要在既有的框架下修改部分程式，就可以實現不同場域的室內定位應用。由於，目前看到的各種無線通訊模組，其與微控制器的介面主要以UART(UniversalAsynchronousReceiver/Transmitter)為主，所以在本框架中只要替換各家不同微控制器的UART設定或API就可以替換無線通訊模組。因此在本框架中，我們利用C語言的技巧把UART設定或者相關API定義在不同的標頭檔(HeaderFile)中，方便設計者更換模組與MCU。在定位系統本身的通訊協定相關的參數方面，本論文將它們分為可變與固定兩大類，也定義在標頭檔中，變更場域時，只要更新這些標頭檔內的參數，即可保有室內定位的定位效果及穩定性。本論文實驗中，可互相替換的無線通訊模組有Sub-GHzASK(315MHz、433.92MHz)、LoRa(915MHz)、Wi-Fi，可互相替換的微控制器有Microchip的微控制器晶片(PIC18F26K22)以及STC的微控制器晶片(STC15W204S)，證明所提出的室內定位框架的彈性及實用性。目前團隊開發的Sub-GHz結合Wi-Fi的室內定位系統，已於協力廠商的公司內部環境進行實驗測試，將應用於醫療照護及工業廠房等環境。[[abstract]]Westudythegenericindoorpositioningframeworkwheresensormodules,networkmodules,andmicrocontrollers(MCUs)areeasilyexchangeableaccordingtotherequirementsofdifferentapplicationareas.ModernindoorpositioningsystemsareabletolocatingspecificpeopleandfacilitiesregardlessofbuildingfloorplansandareessentialpartsoftheInternetofThings(IoT).However,theunderlyingwirelesscommunicationtechniquesaredifficulttoapplytodifferentscenarioswithvarietiesofenvironments.OneobviousexampleisthatvaryingsensingdistancerequireschangesofcommunicationmodulesandMCUswhiletheintegrationofdifferentcommunicationmodulesandMCUsischallenging.Therefore,weneedaflexiblesystemthatcanadapttorequirementsofapplicationareas.Wedefineaframeworkasthesystemdevelopmentkit(SDK)ofindoorpositioningsystems.Whenenvironmentoftheapplicationareaischanged,softwareprogramredesignarenotrequired.Basedontheframework,engineersareabletofigureoutthenecessarymodificationstoadapttodifferentindoorpositioningrequirements.DuetotheprimaryinterfacebetweenMCUandcommunicationmodulesistheUniversalAsynchronousReceiver/Transmitter(UART),intheproposedframework,oneneedsonlytomodifyUARTconfigurationsandrelatedAPIsofMCUsforreplacingthewirelesscommunicationmodules.WedefinetheUARTconfigurationsprovidedbyMCUvendorsintheClanguageheaderfilesforconvenienceofengineersinthereplacement.Fortheprotocol-relatedparameters,wedividedthemintovariablesandconstantswhicharealsodefinedintheheaderfile.Itiseasytopreservetheperformanceandstabilitywhenchangingapplicationareasbyonlyreconfiguringthevariableparameters.Intheexperiments,theexchangeablewirelesscommunicationinterfacesincludeSub-GHzASK(315MHzor433.92MHz),LoRa(915MHz),andWi-FiwhiletheexchangeableMCUsincludeMicrochipPIC18F26K22andSTCSTC15W204S.Weprovetheflexibilityandfeasibilityoftheproposedframeworkandtheteamworkedprototypesystemisundertestinginhealthcareandindustrialplants