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Sodium butyrate attenuates experimental neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis by suppressing TLR4-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome-dependent pyroptosis.
Get PDFpeer reviewedNecrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a fatal intestinal disease in premature infants, and is characterized by intestinal inflammation and disruption of the intestinal barrier. The protective effects of sodium butyrate (NaB) against NEC have been documented, however, the underlying fundamental processes remain unknown. To address this deficit, we used the NEC neonatal rat model to confirm the intestinal protective effect of NaB. We then used network pharmacology and confirmed a role for NaB in the attenuation of NEC and this was associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome and the NF-κB signaling pathway. These results were verified by proteome analysis in vivo, and molecular docking analysis was used to explore the potential underlying mechanisms, revealing a suppressive function of NaB on NEC, which may be caused by its interaction with the TLR4-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway. An in vitro cell model (LPS-stimulated IEC-6 cells) was then established to confirm the docking results. Results using assays involving the NLRP3 (MCC950) and TLR4 (TAK-242) inhibitors suggested that NaB protected intestinal cells from inflammatory injuries during NEC by suppressing the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB/NLRP3/cleaved caspase-1/GSDMD inflammasome pathway. These findings indicated that NaB can be used as a potential modulatory and therapeutic candidate for the treatment of NEC
Des référents épistémologiques et didactiques pour un apprentissage de l'algébrisation de la géométrie à la transition entre le degré inférieur et le degré supérieur de l'enseignement secondaire.
Get PDFLe titre en quelques mots Méthodologie de recherche et cadre théorique Vigilance épistémologique et phénomène de transposition Premières investigations Perspective
Greenhouse crops & solar power in Belgium, multisite and pluriannual study
Get PDFeditorial reviewedThe Grewfarm project is a photovoltaic greenhouse development initiative in the Walloon Region, supported by three competitiveness clusters (Wagralim, MecaTech, GreenWin) and led by a consortium bringing together academic research institutions (UMons, ULiège, HEPH Condorcet) and private companies (Green Energy 4 Seasons, DHK).
The main objectives are: (i) to develop an innovative range of photovoltaic greenhouses, (ii) to design production auxiliaries controlled by new software, and (iii) to develop services for the study and implementation of agrivoltaic projects.
ULiege and HEPH Condorcet are responsible for assessing the agronomic performance of these greenhouses based on the shading rate generated by the installation of solar panels on the roof. The production of a variety of vegetable crops - both summer and winter, as well as mid-season crops - will be monitored over two years at two sites: Ath (BE-7800) and Gembloux (BE-5030). A pilot photovoltaic greenhouse has been installed at each site, with two levels of solar panel coverage: 30% (moderate coverage) and 50% (high coverage). Additionally, the Gembloux site includes an open-field plot, while the Ath site has a conventional tunnel greenhouse.
Results from the first year of monitoring indicate a reduction in photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), measured as daily light integral (DLI), of approximately 30%, 50%, and 60% under the conventional tunnel greenhouse, and the zones with moderate and high solar panel coverage, respectively, compared to an open-field plot.
For the summer crops tested in 2024, average production decreases of approximately 23% were observed between the zone with moderate and high solar panel coverage. More specifically, for certain crops (cucumbers, tomatoes, peppers, strawberries), yield reductions compared to a reference tunnel greenhouse averaged 28.5% and 44.4% in the photovoltaic greenhouse under moderate and high coverage conditions, respectively.
Those observation need to be continued in 2025. In the long term, the collected data on crop production will be compared with the solar energy production of the photovoltaic greenhouse to determine the optimal solar panel coverage rates that enable vegetable production and energy generation within the same space.Grew Far
First JWST spectrum of distant activity in long-period comet C/2024 E1 (Wierzchos)
Get PDFpeer reviewedWe observed the new long-period comet C/2024 E1 (Wierzchos), inbound at 7 au from the Sun, using the Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) integral field unit on JWST. The spectrum shows absorption features due to water ice in the coma and evidence for CO2 driven activity, with a production rate of Q(CO2) = 2.546 +- 0.019 10^25 molecules/s, and no emission features of water or CO. The latter is surprising, given that CO is more volatile than CO2, and suggests that this comet may have lost its near-surface CO during its early evolution, before implantation in the Oort cloud
Scalable machine learning framework for predicting critical links in urban networks
Get PDFpeer reviewedEfficient identification of critical links in urban road networks is essential for optimizing traffic management, infrastructure planning, and resource allocation. Existing methods, such as simulation-based approaches, are computationally expensive and often impractical for large-scale networks. This study proposes a scalable machine learning framework capable of training on a subset of network links (20%) and predicting the criticality of remaining links with approximately 7% percentage mean error. The framework integrates structural, functional, and newly proposed features, offering a comprehensive representation of road network dynamics. Validated on two diverse datasets, namely, Luxembourg (LuST) and Monaco (MoST), the framework achieves high precision (
72% and
73% in single-city scenarios) and robust cross-city performance (
70% for LuST
MoST and
66% for MoST
LuST). Random Forest and Gradient Boosting emerged as the top-performing models, consistently delivering the best precisions and lowest number of errors. The inclusion of dynamic traffic metrics and advanced preprocessing techniques further enhanced predictive accuracy and generalization capabilities. This study highlights the potential of machine learning for scalable critical link evaluation, demonstrating its applicability to large-scale networks with limited data. The findings provide actionable insights for urban traffic management and open pathways for future research, including domain adaptation, temporal modeling, and integration with real-time systems
La désobéissance muette. Quelles stratégies éditoriales pour contrer la censure au XVIe siècle ?
Get PDFWhy and How to Bridge Roman Law and Public International Law?
No full textFace à une carence en droit international, la pratique étatique et jurisprudentielle montre une tendance à aller puiser dans des concepts de droit privé pour y trouver des solutions. Il s’agit des analogies de droit privé en droit international. Peu connu, il importe de faire la lumière sur cet outil. Cette communication a ainsi pour vocation de l’analyser par le biais de celui qui a su le théoriser, soit le professeur et jurisconsulte Hersch Lauterpacht, dans sa thèse de doctorat intitulée ‘Private Law Sources and Analogies of International Law’. Ce faisant et dans la mesure où ces concepts de droit privé trouvent leurs racines dans le droit romain, cette présentation a également vocation à répondre à la question du pourquoi et du comment faire le pont entre le droit romain et le droit international public
Les jeunes face à l'extrémisme
No full textes discours extrémistes circulent massivement via les réseaux sociaux. Les idées, les propos, les symboles et les images ne sont plus filtrés par les codes imposés des médias classiques. Les jeunes, utilisateurs de ces outils de communication et d’information sont confrontés de plus en plus tôt à ces contenus. Dès lors, plusieurs questions se posent : Arrivent-ils à les identifier ? Comment se positionnent-ils par rapport à ces discours ? Comment réagissent-ils ? Quelle suite leur donnent-ils
Éducation aux médias et citoyenneté active
Get PDFAvec le Web 2.0, nous sommes à la fois les producteur.rice.s et les consommateur.rice.s de l’information. La capacité à discerner le vrai du faux, à vérifier les sources et à interpréter les contenus devient une compétence essentielle, devant être inculquée dès le plus jeune âge