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South African consumers' knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of intermittent fasting and their perceptions on factors that influence weight loss : a qualitative study
No full textAbstracts in English, Afrikaans and SepediObesity is a global epidemic and a risk factor for non-communicable diseases. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), South Africa’s obesity ranking was 24th highest in the world in 2015 with South African females ranking 23rd compared to South African males who ranked 110th. These statistics alone are reason for concern. Research has suggested that intermittent fasting together with a reduction in caloric intake may assist with weight loss and reduce risks associated with non-communicable diseases. Because obesity rates and associated health problems among South Africans continue to rise, there is a need to conduct advocacy, communication and social mobilization (ACSM) activities to address the problem. To assist in this regard the WHO suggested obtaining data of countries’ health issues, particularly those requiring ACSM, by assessing knowledge (K), attitude (A) and perception (P), as part of the KAP model.
The researcher made use of an exploratory qualitative research design to determine South African consumer’s knowledge, attitude and perception regarding intermittent fasting as a weight-loss regimen as well as factors contributing towards or hindering the success of intermittent fasting. Non-probability sampling was employed to recruit a total of 20 participants, both male and female. Primary data collection took place using electronic, semi-structured interviews. The researcher used Microsoft Teams to conduct the interviews and the resulting data were coded manually and reflexive thematic analysis was used to explain the data.
Regarding subjective knowledge, study participants indicated that IF requires specified periods of fasting and periods of eating and that various benefits when practicing IF included improved energy levels, reduced blood glucose levels, reduced blood pressure, improved cholesterol health and alleviation of symptoms associated with arthritis, eczema and autoimmune diseases. Most participants had a relatively poor objective knowledge regarding IF, illustrated by their lack of knowledge on the effect of IF on lipid metabolism (n=17) and hormone activation (n=15), respectively. However, most (n=14) participants believed that an increase in knowledge would improve their chances of weight loss with IF. The majority (n=17) of the participants had a positive attitude towards IF and admitted that their primary goal with IF was weight loss (n=15) and they mentioned the health benefits of IF. The attitude of most participants (n=13) was not negatively affected by failure to lose weight with IF. Most participants did not feel pressurised by society to lose weight but over a half (n=12) of the participants admitted that they had a poor self-image due to excess body weight, while the remainder (n=8) of the participants felt they had a good self-image, though they could benefit from losing some weight. Most participants felt that IF was an easy, flexible program to follow with definite benefits for weight loss and overall health. The majority of the participants believed that they would experience increased happiness (n=15) and improved quality of life (n=11) if they were successful in losing weight with IF. Most (n=14) participants were mindful of what they consumed during their eating window, while a half (n=10) also indicated that they became more interested in the nutritional contents of food since starting IF. Most participants (n=14) exercised in conjunction with the IF program and felt it aided their weight loss. Some (n=5) participants received social support from their friends and family, although others (n=6) felt that their IF weight loss journey was a personal matter. Some participants (n=8) experienced positive feelings when they successfully lost weight with IF but most (n=7) of these admitted that they felt motivated by the health benefits associated with IF or by feeling better in general (n=4). A participant mentioned that she was consuming fewer calories overall during IF, while some participants mentioned that they steered clear of carbohydrates during their eating window to assist weight loss. A number of the participants (n=9) actively practiced the 16:8 IF protocol.
Overall, this study provided data as to the knowledge, attitude and perception of South African consumers with regard to intermittent fasting as a weight loss regimen. Most study participants were aware of the principles of intermittent fasting and practiced the 16:8 regimen. Few participants had knowledge of the effects of intermittent fasting on hormones or lipid metabolism. Most participants had a positive attitude towards intermittent fasting as they found it easy to adopt, they had lost weight using the regimen, and they felt better. As participants felt that they could return to intermittent fasting and it was a logistically easy regimen, they would recommend intermittent fasting to others. In addition, most study participants felt that they would be happier from successfully losing weight and experiencing an associated quality of life from improving their nutrient intake. The study results can effectively be used by healthcare professionals to educate patients and themselves on the principles and benefits of IF to initiate behaviour change conducive to weight loss.Vetsug is 'n wêreldwye epidemie en 'n risikofaktor vir nie-oordraagbare siektes. Volgens die Wêreldgesondheidsorganisasie (WGO) was Suid-Afrika se vetsug-ranglys in 2015 die 24ste hoogste ter wêreld met Suid-Afrikaanse vroue wat 23ste was vergeleke met Suid-Afrikaanse mans wat 110ste was. Hierdie statistieke alleen is rede tot kommer. Navorsing het voorgestel dat intermitterende vas tesame met 'n vermindering in kalorie-inname kan help met gewigsverlies en risiko's wat verband hou met nie-oordraagbare siektes verminder. Omdat vetsugsyfers en gepaardgaande gesondheidsprobleme onder Suid-Afrikaners aanhou styg, is daar 'n behoefte om voorspraak-, kommunikasie- en sosiale mobiliseringsaktiwiteite (ACSM) te doen om die probleem aan te spreek. Om in hierdie verband te help, het die WGO voorgestel dat data van lande se gesondheidskwessies, veral dié wat ACSM vereis, verkry word deur kennis (K), houding (A) en persepsie (P), as deel van die KAP-model te assesseer.
Die navorser het van 'n verkennende kwalitatiewe navorsingsontwerp gebruik gemaak om Suid-Afrikaanse verbruiker se kennis, houding en persepsie te bepaal rakende intermitterende vas as 'n gewigsverlies-regime, asook faktore wat bydra tot of die sukses van intermitterende vas belemmer. Nie-waarskynlikheidsteekproefneming is gebruik om 'n totaal van 20 deelnemers, beide manlik en vroulik, te werf. Primêre data-insameling het plaasgevind deur gebruik te maak van elektroniese, semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude. Die navorser het Microsoft Teams gebruik om die onderhoude te voer en die resulterende kwalitatiewe data is met die hand gekodeer en refleksiewe tematiese analise is gebruik om die data te verduidelik.
Wat subjektiewe kennis betref, het studiedeelnemers aangedui dat IF spesifieke periodes van vas en eetperiodes vereis en dat verskeie voordele by die beoefening van IF verbeterde energievlakke, verlaagde bloedglukosevlakke, verlaagde bloeddruk, verbeterde cholesterolgesondheid en verligting van simptome wat met artritis geassosieer word, insluit. ekseem en outo-immuun siektes. Die meeste deelnemers het 'n relatief swak objektiewe kennis ten opsigte van IF gehad, geïllustreer deur hul gebrek aan kennis oor die effek van IF op lipiedmetabolisme (n=17) en hormoonaktivering (n=15), onderskeidelik. Die meeste (n=14) deelnemers het egter geglo dat 'n toename in kennis hul kanse op gewigsverlies met IF sou verbeter. Die meerderheid (n=17) van die deelnemers het 'n positiewe houding teenoor IF gehad en erken dat hul primêre doelwit met IF gewigsverlies was (n=15) en hulle het die gesondheidsvoordele van IF genoem. Die houding van die meeste deelnemers (n=13) is nie negatief beïnvloed deur versuim om gewig te verloor met IF nie. Die meeste deelnemers het nie deur die samelewing onder druk gevoel om gewig te verloor nie, maar meer as 'n helfte (n=12) van die deelnemers het erken dat hulle 'n swak selfbeeld het as gevolg van oortollige liggaamsgewig, terwyl die res (n=8) van die deelnemers gevoel het. hulle het 'n goeie selfbeeld gehad, hoewel hulle daarby kon baat om 'n bietjie gewig te verloor. Die meeste deelnemers het gevoel dat IF 'n maklike, buigsame program is om te volg met besliste voordele vir gewigsverlies en algemene gesondheid. Die meerderheid van die deelnemers het geglo dat hulle verhoogde geluk (n=15) en verbeterde lewenskwaliteit (n=11) sou ervaar as hulle suksesvol sou wees om gewig te verloor met IF. Die meeste (n=14) deelnemers was bedag op wat hulle tydens hul eetvenster verbruik het, terwyl 'n halwe (n=10) deelnemers ook aangedui het dat hulle meer geïnteresseerd geraak het in die voedingsinhoud van voedsel sedert hulle met IF begin het. Die meeste deelnemers (n=14) het saam met die IF-program geoefen en gevoel dat dit hul gewigsverlies aangehelp het. Sommige (n=5) deelnemers het sosiale ondersteuning van hul vriende en familie ontvang, hoewel ander (n=6) gevoel het dat hul IF gewigsverliesreis 'n persoonlike saak was. Sommige deelnemers (n=8) het positiewe gevoelens ervaar toe hulle suksesvol gewig verloor het met IF, maar die meeste (n=7) hiervan het erken dat hulle gemotiveer gevoel het deur die gesondheidsvoordele verbonde aan IF of deur beter te voel in die algemeen (n=4). 'n Deelnemer het genoem dat sy in die algemeen minder kalorieë tydens IF verbruik het, terwyl sommige deelnemers genoem het dat hulle tydens hul eetvenster wegbly van koolhidrate om gewig te verloor. 'n Aantal van die deelnemers (n=9) het die 16:8 IF-protokol aktief beoefen.
Oor die algemeen het hierdie studie data verskaf oor die kennis, houding en persepsie van Suid-Afrikaanse verbruikers met betrekking tot intermitterende vas as 'n gewigsverliesregime. Die meeste studiedeelnemers was bewus van die beginsels van intermitterende vas en het die 16:8-regime toegepas. Min deelnemers het kennis gehad van die uitwerking van intermitterende vas op hormone of lipiedmetabolisme. Die meeste deelnemers het 'n positiewe houding teenoor intermitterende vas gehad, aangesien hulle dit maklik gevind het om aan te neem, hulle het gewig verloor deur die regimen te gebruik, en hulle het beter gevoel. Aangesien deelnemers gevoel het dat hulle na intermitterende vas kan terugkeer en dit 'n logisties maklike regime was, sou hulle intermitterende vas aan ander aanbeveel. Daarbenewens het die meeste studiedeelnemers gevoel dat hulle gelukkiger sou wees om suksesvol gewig en gewig te verloor en 'n gepaardgaande lewenskwaliteit te ervaar deur hul voedingstofinname te verbeter. Daarbenewens kan die studieresultate effektief deur gesondheidswerkers gebruik word om pasiënte en hulself op te voed oor die beginsels en voordele van IF om gedragsverandering te inisieer wat bevorderlik is vir gewigsverlies.Go nona kudu ke leuba la lefase ka bophara le selo seo se bakago kotsi bakeng sa malwetsi ao a sa fetelago. Go ya ka Mokgatlo wa Maphelo wa Lefase (WHO), maemo a go nona kudu a Afrika Borwa a bile maemong a bo 24 godimo lefaseng ka 2015 ka basadi ba Afrika Borwa ba maemong a bo 23 ge ba bapetswa le banna ba Afrika Borwa bao ba bego ba le maemong a bo 110. Dipalo-palo tse di nnosi ke lebaka la go tshwenyega. Dinyakisiso di sisinya gore go ikona dijo ka dinako tse dingwe gotee le go fokotsa go ja di- kilojoule go ka thusa go fokotsa boima bja mmele le go fokotsa dikotsi tseo di sepedisanago le malwetsi ao a sa fetelago. Ka lebaka la gore ditekanyo tsa go nona kudu le mathata a maphelo ao a sepedisanago le ona gare ga maAfrika Borwa a tswela pele go hlatloga, go na le tlhokego ya go dira mediro ya bobueletsi, kgokagano le go kgoboketsa leago (ACSM) go rarolla bothata bjo. Go thusa ka se WHO e sisinya go hwetsa datha ya ditaba tsa maphelo tsa dinaga, kudukudu tseo di nyakago ACSM, ka go sekaseka tsebo (K), maikutlo (A) le temogo (P), bjalo ka karolo ya mohlala wa KAP.
Monyakisisi o somisitse tlhamo ya nyakisiso ya boleng ya go nyakisisa go laetsa tsebo, maikutlo le temogo ya moreki wa Afrika Borwa mabapi le go ikona dijo ka go kgaotsa bjalo ka mokgwa wa go fokotsa boima bja mmele gammogo le mabaka ao a tsenyago letsogo go goba a sitisago katlego ya go ikona dijo ka go kgaotsa. Go ile gwa thwala go tsea mehlala yeo e sego ya kgonagalo go thwala palomoka ya batswasehlabelo ba 20, bobedi banna le basadi. Kgoboketso ya datha ya mathomo e diregile ka go somisa dipoledisano tsa elektroniki, tseo di sa rulaganywago ka botlalo. Monyakisisi o somisitse Dihlopha tsa Microsoft go dira dipoledisano gomme datha ya boleng yeo e tsweletsego e ile ya ngwalwa ka dikhoutu ka seatla gomme tshekatsheko ya morero ya go naganisisa e somisitswe go hlalosa datha.
Mabapi le tsebo ya go itseela godimo, batswasehlabelo ba nyakisiso ba bontshitse gore IF e nyaka dinako tse di laeditswego tsa go ikona dijo le dinako tsa go ja le gore mehola ye e fapanego ge e itlwaetsa IF e be e akaretsa maemo a kaonefaditswego a maatla, go fokotsega ga maemo a glucose mading, go fokotsega ga kgatelelo ya madi, maphelo a kaonefaditswego a kholesterole le go fokotsa dika tseo di sepedisanago le ramatiki, . eczema le mafu a autoimmune. Bontsi bja batswasehlabelo ba be ba na le tsebo ye e fokolago ya maikemisetso mabapi le IF, yeo e bontshitswego ke go hloka tsebo ga bona ka ga mafelelo a IF go metabolism ya lipid (n = 17) le go tsenywa tirisong ga dihomoune (n = 15), ka go latelelana. Le ge go le bjalo, bontsi (n=14) batswasehlabelo ba be ba dumela gore koketsego ya tsebo e tla kaonafatsa dibaka tsa bona tsa go fokotsa boima bja mmele ka IF. Bontsi (n = 17) bja batswasehlabelo ba be ba na le maikutlo a mabotse ka IF gomme ba dumetse gore pakane ya bona ya mathomo ka IF e be e le go fokotsa boima bja mmele (n = 15) gomme ba boletse ka mehola ya maphelo ya IF. Boemo bja kgopolo bja bontsi bja batswasehlabelo (n = 13) ga se bja amega gampe ke go palelwa ke go fokotsa boima bja mmele ka IF. Bontsi bja batswasehlabelo ga se ba ikwa ba gateletswe ke setshaba go fokotsa boima bja mmele eupsa ka godimo ga seripa (n=12) sa batswasehlabelo ba dumetse gore ba be ba na le seswantsho se se fokolago sa go ipona ka lebaka la boima bjo bo feteletsego bja mmele, mola ba bangwe ka moka (n=8) ba batswasehlabelo ba ile ba ikwa ba be ba ipona gabotse, gaesita le ge ba be ba ka holwa ke go fokotsa boima bja mmele bjo itsego. Bontsi bja batswasehlabelo ba ile ba ikwa gore IF e be e le lenaneo le bonolo, le le feto-fetogago leo le swanetsego go latelwa ka mehola e tiilego bakeng sa go fokotsa boima bja mmele le bophelo bjo bobotse ka kakaretso. Bontsi bja batswasehlabelo ba be ba dumela gore ba tla itemogela lethabo le le oketsegilego (n=15) le boleng bjo bo kaonafetsego bja bophelo (n=11) ge ba ka atlega go fokotsa boima bja mmele ka IF. Bontsi (n = 14) batswasehlabelo ba be ba ela hloko seo ba se jago nakong ya lefasetere la bona la go ja, mola batswasehlabelo ba seripa (n = 10) le bona ba laeditse gore ba thomile go kgahlegela kudu dikagare tsa phepo tsa dijo ga e sa le ba thoma IF. Bontsi bja batswasehlabelo (n = 14) ba ile ba itshidulla ka kopanelo le lenaneo la IF gomme ba ikwa le thusa go fokotsa ga bona boima bja mmele. Batseakarolo ba bangwe (n=5) ba amogetse thekgo ya leago go tswa go bagwera ba bona le ba lapa, le ge e le gore ba bangwe (n=6) ba ile ba ikwa gore leeto la bona la go fokotsa boima bja mmele bja IF e be e le taba ya motho ka nosi. Batseakarolo ba bangwe (n=8) ba ile ba itemogela maikutlo a mabotse ge ba fokotsa boima bja mmele ka katlego ka IF eupsa bontsi (n=7) bja ba ba dumetse gore ba ile ba ikwa ba hlohleletswa ke mehola ya maphelo yeo e amanago le IF goba ka go ikwa ba le kaone ka kakaretso (n=4). Motseakarolo o boletse gore o be a ja di- kilojoule tse sego kae ka kakaretso nakong ya IF, mola batswasehlabelo ba bangwe ba boletse gore ba be ba tshaba dikhapohaedreite nakong ya lefasetere la bona la go ja go thusa go fokotsa boima bja mmele. Palo ya batswasehlabelo (n = 9) e ile ya itlwaetsa ka mafolofolo protocol ya 16:8 IF.
Ka kakaretso, nyakisiso ye e file datha mabapi le tsebo, maikutlo le temogo ya bareki ba Afrika Borwa mabapi le go ikona dijo ka go kgaotsa bjalo ka mokgwa wa go fokotsa boima bja mmele. Bontsi bja batsea-karolo thutong ba be ba tseba melao ya motheo ya go ikona dijo ka dinako tse dingwe gomme ba itlwaetsa mokgwa wa 16:8. Ke batsea-karolo ba sego kae bao ba bego ba e-na le tsebo ya ditla-morago tsa go ikona dijo ka dinako tse dingwe dihomoune goba metabolism ya lipid. Bontsi bja batswasehlabelo ba be ba na le maikutlo a mabotse mabapi le go ikona dijo ka go kgaotsa ka ge ba hweditse go le bonolo go e amogela, ba fokotsegile boima bja mmele ka go somisa mokgwa wo, gomme ba be ba ikwa ba le kaone. Bjalo ka ge batswasehlabelo ba be ba ikwa gore ba ka boela go ikona dijo ka dinako tse dingwe gomme e be e le mokgwa wo bonolo wa dithulaganyo, ba be ba tla kgothaletsa go ikona dijo ka dinako tse dingwe go ba bangwe. Go tlaleletsa, bontsi bja batswasehlabelo ba nyakisiso ba ile ba ikwa gore ba tla thaba kudu go tswa go go fokotsa boima bja mmele ka katlego, le boima bja mmele le go itemogela boleng bja bophelo bjo bo sepedisanago le bjona go tswa go kaonafatsa go ja ga bona phepo. Go tlaleletsa,Dipoelo tsa nyakisiso di ka somiswa ka mo go atlegilego ke ditsebi tsa tlhokomelo ya maphelo go ruta balwetsi le bona ka melawana le mehola ya IF go thoma phetogo ya boitshwaro yeo e loketsego go fokotsa boima bja mmeleM.A. (Consumer Science)Life and Consumer Science
Student support strategies to improve the throughput rate of Chartered accountant students
No full textText in English with summaries in Afrikaans and TswanaDistance learning delivered online, which differs from face-to-face learning, benefits disadvantaged students. There has been an increase in the number of Black South
African (SAn) students in distance education institutions who have enrolled to qualify as Chartered Accountants (CAs) through the South African Institute of Chartered
Accountants (SAICA). There have been, however, low throughput rates that have contributed to fewer Black South African chartered accountants. The research in this
mini-dissertation explored student support strategies to improve the throughput rates at SAICA of students studying accounting science in a distance education institution. A qualitative research approach and a case study research design were used. Purposive sampling was employed first, and thereafter, convenient sampling was employed. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data. The ethical aspects and trustworthiness of the study were taken into consideration. The findings revealed that
there needs to be more interaction between academics and students at undergraduate levels with contextualised learning to prepare those students for SAICA examinations. Student support seems to be central and critical in distance education. The results cannot be generalised as the sample was small, and therefore, future studies on student support should be conducted with a larger sample using a different sampling
technique.Thuto e e bulegileng ya go ithuta o le kgakala e e neelwang ka inthanete, e e farologaneng le thuto ya sefatlhego ka sefatlhego, e solegela baithuti ba ba dikobo dikhutshwane molemo. Go nnile le koketsego ya palo ya baithuti ba Bantsho ba Aforikaborwa (SAn) mo ditheong tsa thuto e kgolwane e e bulegileng ba ba
ikwadisitseng le setheo sa Aforikaborwa sa boithutedi jwa tsa matlotlo (South African Institute of Chartered Accountants - SAICA) go ithutela le go tshwanelega jaaka babalamatlotlo ba ba kwadisitsweng (Chartered Accountant - di-CA). Go nnile le dikelo tse di kwa tlase thata tsa go dira tiro tse di nnileng le seabe mo go nneng le babalamatlotlo ba ba kwadisitsweng ba Bantsho ba Aforikaborwa ba le mmalwa. Patlisiso e e mo pegong eno e ne ya sekaseka ditogamaano tsa go ema baithuti nokeng go tokafatsa dikelo tsa go dira sentle kwa SAICA tsa baithuti ba ba ithutang saense ya bobalamatlotlo kwa ditheong tsa thuto e e kgolwane e e bulegileng ya go ithuta o le kgakala. Go dirisitswe mokgwa wa patlisiso ya khwalitatifi le moakanyetso
wa patlisiso ya thutopatlisiso. Sa ntlha, go ne ga dirisiwa go tsaya ditshupo ka boikaelelo, mme morago ga moo, go ne ga dirisiwa go tsaya ditshupo go go siametseng mme di sa tlatse mmatlisisi le naga. Tshekatsheko ya meono e ne ya dirisiwa go tsharolola dinewane. Go ne ga akanyediwa dintlha tsa boiphapho le go ikanyega ga patlisiso eno. Diphitlhelelo di senotse gore go tlhokega kgokagano le tirisano e e tseneletseng fa gare ga barutegi le baithuti ba maemo a bosenadikerii ka go ithuta go go ikaegileng ka bokao go baakanyetsa baithuti bao ditlhatlhobo tsa SAICA. Tshegetso ya baithuti e lebega e le botlhokwa thata mo thutong e e bulegileng ya go ithuta o le kgakala. Dipholo di ka se akarediwe ka ntlha ya fa tshupo e e dirisitsweng e ne e le nnye, mme ka jalo, go rotloediwa dipatlisiso tsa mothale o, mo isagong tse di lebelelang tshegetso ya baithuti mme dipatlisiso tseo di tshwanetse go dirwa ka tiriso ya mekgwa e e farologaneng ya ditshupo tse di gona tsa go kokoanya dinewane.Afstandsonderrig wat aanlyn aangebied word, wat verskil van aangesig-tot-aangesig leer, bevoordeel benadeelde studente. Daar is 'n toename in die aantal Swart Suid Afrikaanse (SA) studente in afstandsonderriginstellings wat ingeskryf het om as Geoktrooieerde Rekenmeesters (GRs) te kwalifiseer deur die Suid-Afrikaanse Instituut van Geoktrooieerde Rekenmeesters (SAIGR). Daar is egter lae
deurvloeikoerse wat bygedra het tot minder Swart Suid-Afrikaanse geoktrooieerde rekenmeesters. Die navorsing in hierdie mini-verhandeling het studentesteunstrategieë ondersoek om die deurvloeikoerse by SAIGR van studente wat rekeningkunde studeer in 'n afstandsonderriginstelling te verbeter. ’n Kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering en ’n gevallestudie-ontwerp is gebruik. Doelgerigte steekproefneming is eers gebruik, en daarna is gerieflikheidsteekproefneming toegepas. Tematiese analise is gebruik om die data te ontleed. Die etiese aspekte en betroubaarheid van die studie is in ag geneem. Die bevindinge het getoon dat daar meer interaksie tussen akademici en studente op
voorgraadse vlakke met gekontekstualiseerde leer moet wees om daardie studente voor te berei vir SAIGR-eksamens. Studentesteun blyk sentraal en krities in
afstandsonderrig te wees. Die resultate kan nie veralgemeen word nie, aangesien die steekproef klein was, en daarom moet toekomstige studies oor studentesteun met 'n groter steekproef en ’n ander steekproefnemingstegniek gedoen word.M. Ed. (Open Distance Learning)College of Educatio
A performance measurement framework integrating the balanced scorecard and artificial intelligence in selected companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange
No full textSouth African listed companies using the balanced scorecard (BSC) have invested in
emerging artificial intelligence which re-purposed workflows and changed entire systems of
management. However, measuring the performance of these companies presents significant
challenges due to the absence of established artificial intelligence-related benchmarks and
performance measures where the BSC, combined with artificial intelligence, an intangible
asset, focused on robotic process automation (RPA) and expert systems (ESs). A literature
review highlights a notable gap in performance measurement frameworks for companies that
integrate the BSC with artificial intelligence, an intangible asset. Hence, the aim of this study
was to formulate, using the lens of intangible assets, a performance measurement framework
integrating artificial intelligence (RPA/ESs) into the BSC for selected companies listed on the
Johannesburg Stock Exchange.
A qualitative research method, grounded in the interpretivist paradigm, was employed using
a three-phase design-based research model. In Phases 1 and 3, semi-structured interviews
were conducted with 17 and eight senior managers, respectively, from companies across
various sectors. In Phases 1–2, interviews explored the problem and then designed a draft
performance measurement framework which was endorsed and refined in Phase 3. The
integration of intangible assets and intellectual technology, specifically artificial intelligence
(RPA and ESs), into the BSC framework forms a novel insight and finding for this study.
Drawing on the findings and theoretical assertion of navigating performance measurement
through intellectual technology and human adaptation, the novel finding was the development
of a performance measurement framework, being the human-intellectual technology
acumen-balanced scorecard (HITA-BSC). The findings suggest that the use of the HITA-BSC
presents a performance measurement framework that will enhance a company’s
performance and performance measurement for people and intangible assets, such as
artificial intelligence. The study contributes to theory through providing the bespoke
framework which consolidates the theoretical position while also guiding future practical
applications of a performance measurement framework integrating the BSC and artificial
intelligence (RPA and ESs). Further exploration is needed to ascertain the long-term impact
of embedding human-intellectual technology acumen within the BSC framework as a
performance measurement framework.Ph. D. (Accounting Sciences)Management Accountin
Grade 2 rural teachers’ pedagogical reasoning and actions during lessons on number and geometric patterns in Acornhoek, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
No full textText in EnglishThis study explored the pedagogical reasoning and actions of rural Grade 2 teachers in teaching number and geometric patterns in Acornhoek, South Africa. Employing a qualitative research approach within the interpretive paradigm, the research involved five purposefully selected teachers from three schools. Data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews, unstructured classroom observations, and video-stimulated recall interviews, framed by Shulman's Pedagogical Reasoning and Actions framework. The analysis utilised content analysis and Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis to analyse and interpret the data from the three methods I employed.
Disparities in education between urban and rural areas have considerable implications for society at large. Insufficient infrastructure access constitutes a major obstacle to education in rural regions. Furthermore, inadequate road infrastructure hinders teachers' access to remote areas, while learners may be required to traverse considerable distances to attend school. Research in rural schools provides insights into how teachers handle the challenges of language in mathematics teaching. Shulman's (1987) model is employed to analyse how rural teachers approach the teaching of number and geometric patterns. This model highlights the importance of reflection in teaching.
Findings reveal that effective mathematics teaching hinges on several key components: active engagement and participation of learners, contextualisation of learning experiences, formative assessment and feedback, as well as scaffolding and differentiation strategies. The study highlights the importance of employing diverse teaching strategies that resonate with learners' everyday experiences, thereby fostering a deeper understanding of mathematical concepts. Furthermore, the findings highlight that formative assessment techniques are crucial for identifying learners’ misconceptions and providing timely feedback, while scaffolding practices ensure that all learners receive the necessary support to progress in their learning.
I advocate for further research to explore effective teaching practices in diverse contexts, ultimately aiming to enhance the quality of mathematics education in rural classrooms. This enhancement is vital for improving learner outcomes and fostering a positive attitude towards mathematics learning, which is essential for the educational advancement of rural communities.M. Ed. (Mathematics Education)Mathematics Educatio
School management teams’ perceptions on maintaining learner discipline in selected Johannesburg East Primary Schools
No full textAbstract in English, Tsonga and ZuluThe absence of learner discipline has emerged as a difficulty in many South African
schools after the discontinuation of corporal punishment. This research study aimed to
investigate the perspectives of School Management Teams in maintaining learner
discipline in selected Johannesburg East primary schools. The study adopted a
qualitative approach situated within the interpretivist paradigm. The study was
grounded in the theoretical framework of B.F. Skinner's behaviour ism theory. The
research methods employed in this study included semi-structured interviews with
twelve participants, document reviews and observations. According to the research,
there is a problem of learner ill-discipline in the majority of South African schools which
escalated after the abolishment of corporal punishment.
The study revealed that teachers and the School Management Team (SMT) face
several challenges when enforcing the code of conduct in schools. It was also revealed
that the teachers struggle to use the alternatives to corporal punishment effectively.
The study recommends that the SMT and teachers can use Skinner’s theory of
behaviourism to mould the learners’ behaviour. Teachers should be trained on how to
use the alternatives to corporal punishment effectively. SMT should be workshopped
on the role that they are supposed to play in order to maintain discipline in schools and
schools should invest in professional development for teachers to provide ongoing
training on effective classroom management strategies, addressing diverse learners’
needsKu pfumaleka ka ndzayo ya vadyondzi swi humelerile tanihi xiphiqo eka swikolo swo
tala swa Afrika-Dzonga endzhaku ka ku yimisiwa ka ku xupuriwa hi miri. Dyondzo leyi
ya ndzavisiso a yi kongomisiwile ku lavisisa mavonelo ya Swipano swa Vufambisi bya
Swikolo eku hlayiseni ka ndzayo ya vadyondzi eka Swikolo swa le Hansi swa le Joni
Vuxa leswi hlawuriweke. Dyondzo leyi yi amukerile endlelo ra xiyimo leri kumekaka
endzeni ka paradigm ya interpretivist. Dyondzo leyi yi sekeriwe eka rimba ra thiyori ra
dyondzo ya B.F. Skinner ya behaviour ism. Maendlelo ya ndzavisiso lama tirhisiweke
eka ndzavisiso lowu ya katsa mimbulavurisano leyi nga hlelekangiki ngopfu na
vatekaxiave va khume mbirhi, ku kamberiwa ka matsalwa, na ku langutisisa. Hi ku ya
hi ndzavisiso, ku na xiphiqo xa ku nga tshikeli ka vadyondzi eka vunyingi bya swikolo
swa Afrika-Dzonga leswi nga nyanya endzhaku ka ku herisiwa ka ku xupuriwa hi miri.
Dyondzo yi paluxile leswaku vadyondzisi na SMT va langutana na mintlhontlho yo
hlaya loko va sindzisa milawu ya mahanyelo eswikolweni. Ku tlhele ku paluxiwa
leswaku vadyondzisi va lwela ku tirhisa tindlela tin’wana to xupula hi miri hi ndlela
leyinene. Dyondzo yi ringanyeta leswaku SMT na vadyondzisi va nga tirhisa thiyori ya
Skinner ya mahanyelo ku vumba mahanyelo ya vadyondzi. Vadyondzisi va fanele ku
leteriwa hi ndlela yo tirhisa tindlela tin’wana to xupula hi miri hi ndlela leyinene. SMT yi
fanele ku xaviwa hi ntirho eka xiave lexi va faneleke ku xi endla leswaku va ta hlayisa
ndzayo eswikolweni naswona swikolo swi fanele ku vekisa eka nhluvukiso wa
xiphurofexinali eka vadyondzisi ku nyika ndzetelo lowu yaka emahlweni eka tindlela
leti tirhaka ta vufambisi bya tlilasi, ku lulamisa swilaveko swo hambana swa vadyondzi.Ukungabikho kokuziphatha kwabafundi kuvele njengobunzima ezikoleni eziningi
zaseNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kokunqanyulwa kokushaywa. Lolu cwaningo luhlose
ukuphenya imibono yamaQembu Abaphathi Bezikole ekugcineni isimilo sabafundi
ezikoleni ezikhethiwe zase-Johannesburg East Primary. Ucwaningo lwamukele indlela
yocwaningo olusezingeni eliphezulu engaphakathi kwepharadigm ye-tolika. Izindlela
zocwaningo ezisetshenziswe kulolu cwaningo zihlanganisa izingxoxo ezingahleliwe
nabahlanganyeli abangu-12, ukuhlaziywa kwemibhalo, kanye nokubhekwa.
Ucwaningo lwalusekelwe kuhlaka lwetiyori yethiyori yokuziphatha ka-B.F. Skinner.
Ngokwalolu cwaningo kunenkinga yokungaziphathi kahle kwabafundi ezikoleni
eziningi zaseNingizimu Afrika eyadlondlobala ngemuva kokuqedwa kokushaywa.
Ucwaningo luveze ukuthi othisha kanye ne-SMT babhekana nezinselelo eziningi lapho
bephoqelela umthetho wokuziphatha ezikoleni. Kuphinde kwavela ukuthi othisha
bathwala kanzima ukusebenzisa izindlela ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni
sokushaywa ngokushaywa. Ucwaningo luncoma ukuthi i-SMT nothisha
bangasebenzisa ithiyori ka-Skinner yokuziphatha ukuze balolonge ukuziphatha
kwabafundi. Othisha kufanele baqeqeshwe ukuthi bangazisebenzisa kanjani ezinye
izindlela esikhundleni sokujezisa ngokushaya. I-SMT kufanele ixoxisane ngeqhaza
okufanele balibambe ukuze kugcinwe ukuziphatha kahle ezikoleni futhi izikole kufanele
zitshale imali ekuthuthukisweni kochwepheshe ukuze othisha banikeze ukuqeqeshwa
okuqhubekayo mayelana namasu okuphatha amakilasi aphumelelayo, ukubhekana
nezidingo zabafundi ezihlukahlukene.M. Ed. (Education Management)Educational Leadership and Managemen
A visual exploration of the poor white Afrikaner in apartheid South Africa from the 1930s to 1950s
No full textText in English with abstracts in Afrikaans and SepediThis study visually explored themes of cultural pre-eminence, identity construction and poverty-related shame within mid-twentieth-century Afrikaner society, focusing on the relationship between the middle class and poor white Afrikaners. The notion of an idealised Afrikaner identity was central to the investigation. Foucauldian theories were employed to contextualise the influence of prevailing thought and discourse on Afrikaner society. Concepts of power, knowledge, discipline, and biopower in particular, were applied to reveal how socio-economic inequality had led to the marginalisation and shaming of poor whites. Foucault’s theories on normalisation and power were utilised to examine how perceptions of subservience and second-ratedness had been constructed and legitimised within Afrikaner culture. The research investigated these premises in the artworks of Constance Stuard Larrabee, Karin Preller and Roger Ballen. In following a practice-led approach, theory was employed to inform the creation of artworks for the Voorkamer exhibition, and conversely, the process served to facilitate re-evaluation of existing knowledge, promoting new insights and knowledge.Hierdie studie het ’n visuele ondersoek gedoen na die temas van kulturele voorrang, identiteitskonstruksie en armoedeverwante skaamte in die Afrikaner-gemeenskap van die middel twintigste eeu. Die fokus van die studie was op die verhouding tussen middelklas en armblanke Afrikaners. Sentraal tot die ondersoek was die idee van ’n geïdealiseerde Afrikaner-identiteit. Foucault se teorieë is aangewend om die invloed van heersende denke en diskoers op die Afrikaner-gemeenskap te kontekstualiseer. Konsepte van mag, kennis, dissipline en veral van biomag is aangewend om te wys hoedat sosioekonomiese ongelykheid tot die marginalisering en vernedering van arm blankes aanleiding gegee het. Foucault se teorieë oor normalisering en mag is gebruik om ondersoek in te stel na hoedat persepsies van onderdanigheid en minderwaardigheid binne die Afrikanerkultuur gekonstrueer en gelegitimeer is. Die navorsing het die kunswerke van Constance Stuard Larrabee, Karin Preller en Roger Ballen gebruik om hierdie uitgangspunte te ondersoek. Deur die gebruik van ’n praktykgebaseerde benadering, is die teorie aangewend om die skep van kunswerke vir die Voorkamer-uitstalling te inspireer. Omgekeerd, het die proses gedien om die herevaluering van bestaande kennis te fasiliteer en so nuwe insigte en kennis bevorder.Nyakišišo ye e šomišitše dithalwabonwa go sekaseka dintlha tša bohlokwa bja setšo, boitšhupo le go gobošwa ga bahloki setšhabeng sa Maafrikanere ka bongwagakgolo ba masomepedi, ka go sekaseka kamano magareng ga sehlopha sa batho ba maemo a magareng le Maafrikanere ao a hlokago. Kgopolo ya boitšhupo bja Maafrikanere e bile ntlhakgolo go nyakišišo ye. Diteori tša Foucauldian di šomišitšwe go hlaloša ka moo mekgwa ya go nagana le go bolela e bopilego setšhaba sa Maafrikanere. Nyakišišo ye e šomišitše dikgopolo tša maatla, tsebo, thupišo, le biopower go laetša ka moo go se lekalekane ga maemo a leago le ekonomi go dirilego gore bahloki ba bašweu ba gobošwe. Nyakišišo e sekasekile ka moo diteori tša Foucault ka ga maatla le dilo tšeo di tšewago bjalo ka maitshwaro ao a amogelegilwego di šomišitšwego go kgetholla Maafrikanere go ya ka maemo. Nyakišišo e šomišitše mešomo ya bokgabo ya Constance Stuart Larrabee, Karin Preller, le Roger Ballen. Ka go šomiša mokgwa wa boitlhamelo bjo bo etilego pele, teori e šomišitše mošomo wa bokgabo wa Voorkamer go sekaseka diteori, le go utulla tsebo e mpsa.M.A. (Visual Arts)School of Art
Underlying-event studies with strange hadrons in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Get PDFAbstract Properties of the underlying-event in pp interactions are investigated primarily via the strange hadrons K S 0 , Λ and Λ ¯ , as reconstructed using the ATLAS detector at the LHC in minimum-bias pp collision data at s = 13 TeV. The hadrons are reconstructed via the identification of the displaced two-particle vertices corresponding to the decay modes , Λ → π - p and Λ ¯ → π + p ¯ . These are used in the construction of underlying-event observables in azimuthal regions computed relative to the leading charged-particle jet in the event. None of the hadronisation and underlying-event physics models considered can describe the data over the full kinematic range considered. Events with a leading charged-particle jet in the range of 10 < p T ≤ 40 GeV are studied using the number of prompt charged particles in the transverse region. The ratio N ( Λ + Λ ¯ ) / N ( K S 0 ) as a function of the number of such charged particles varies only slightly over this range. This disagrees with the expectations of some of the considered Monte Carlo models
Using pile-up collisions as an abundant source of low-energy hadronic physics processes in ATLAS and an extraction of the jet energy resolution
No full textAbstract During the 2015–2018 data-taking period, the Large Hadron Collider delivered proton-proton bunch crossings at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV to the ATLAS experiment at a rate of roughly 30 MHz, where each bunch crossing contained an average of 34 independent inelastic proton-proton collisions. The ATLAS trigger system selected roughly 1 kHz of these bunch crossings to be recorded to disk. Offline algorithms then identify one of the recorded collisions as the collision of interest for subsequent data analysis, and the remaining collisions are referred to as pile-up. Pile-up collisions represent a trigger-unbiased dataset, which is evaluated to have an integrated luminosity of 1.33 pb−1 in 2015–2018. This is small compared with the normal trigger-based ATLAS dataset, but when combined with vertex-by-vertex jet reconstruction it provides up to 50 times more dijet events than the conventional single-jet-trigger-based approach, and does so without adding any additional cost or requirements on the trigger system, readout, or storage. The pile-up dataset is validated through comparisons with a special trigger-unbiased dataset recorded by ATLAS, and its utility is demonstrated by means of a measurement of the jet energy resolution in dijet events, where the statistical uncertainty is significantly reduced for jet transverse momenta below 65 GeV
Search for diphoton resonances in the 66 to 110 GeV mass range using pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
No full textAbstract A search is performed for light, spin-0 bosons decaying into two photons in the 66 to 110 GeV mass range, using 140 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV produced by the Large Hadron Collider and collected by the ATLAS detector. Multivariate analysis techniques are used to define event categories that improve the sensitivity to new resonances beyond the Standard Model. A model-independent search for a generic spin-0 particle and a model-dependent search for an additional low-mass Higgs boson are performed in the diphoton invariant mass spectrum. No significant excess is observed in either search. Mass-dependent upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set in the model-independent scenario on the fiducial cross-section times branching ratio into two photons in the range of 8 fb to 53 fb. Similarly, in the model-dependent scenario upper limits are set on the total cross-section times branching ratio into two photons as a function of the Higgs boson mass in the range of 19 fb to 102 fb
Encouraging creativity and innovation as part of the cybersecurity culture of the organisation for sustainable value and growth
Get PDFCreativity and innovation are vital to combat cybercrime and protect information and related systems of organisations. Organisations in which creativity and innovation are applied in the security function experience fewer cyber and information security breaches, manage cyber risk more easily, experience greater productivity and faster growth and can implement the latest technologies, knowing that the organisation and systems are protected. However, there is limited guidance for organisations on how to incorporate creativity and innovation as part of the cybersecurity culture. In this chapter, the determinants that positively influence creativity and innovation in organisations are outlined and applied to the context of a cybersecurity culture. A creativity and innovation framework for a cybersecurity culture is presented as a theoretical contribution, leveraging values and determinants derived from existing creativity and innovation models and frameworks. The creativity and innovation framework for a cybersecurity culture with a corresponding scorecard, as a practical contribution, can be utilised by the leadership in the security function to implement the determinants to encourage creativity and innovation as part of the cybersecurity culture in the organisation.College of Engineering, Science and Technolog