21838 research outputs found
Sort by
How should South Africa enhance its whistleblower legislation to safeguard and incentivise whistleblowers while combating corruption?
Get PDFMercantile La
Medico-legal issues relating to pharmacogenomics and the development of personalised medicine in the context of HIV and AIDS in South Africa
No full textThe principle of pharmacogenetics and pharmacogenomics (PGx) in health research is not new. However, pursuance thereof has regained momentum in the 21st century. Despite the apparent demand to respond to adverse drug reactions (ADRs), both the national and international medico-legal frameworks have struggled to determine the place of PGx within the scientific and medical arena. It is against such a background that the study sought to explore the medico-legal issues relating to pharmacogenomics and the development of personalised medicine in the context of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in South Africa. The methodology employed in this thesis involves a critical and comparative examination of the international instruments and their monopolistic influences on the multinational pharmaceutical conglomerates (also known as “Big-Pharma”) regarding the manufacturing of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs). PGx, which relies on genetic variability, facilitates the development of personalised medicine where adverse drug reactions (ADRs) may be minimised. Currently, PGx in the South African context, and, in respect to people living with HIV, is approached in a fragmented manner. The South African approach to genomic research is caught between the provisions of section 27 of the Constitution’s debate concerning the availability of health resources, the protection of individuals and communities, as well as competing human rights issues. Biobanks, necessary for PGx to develop, are increasingly required to store large genetic information for purposes of interpretation and evaluation of ADRs associated with the ARVs. Since genes are personal identifiers, data privacy has started to dominate the international genomic research arena and therefore, invokes added complexities relating to informed consent. Drawing on the English and the Canadian approaches to PGx, the thesis identifies some useful principles and practices for the South African genomic research context. With the need for the implementation of PGx becoming critical, the South African legislator should waste no further time to regulate PGx in a manner to allow the development of personalised medicine so that clinicians are able to make an expeditious clinical decision before the prescription of medication and treatment, most urgently so in the context of HIV and AIDS.LL. D.Private La
Using enterprise resource planning systems to manage property processes
No full textBACKGROUND: The various organisations that are involved in property transfer transactions tend to work as autonomous units within the end-to-end property supply chain. This compartmentalisation of activities and tasks creates inefficiencies and a lack of transparency
OBJECTIVES: There is a need to review the current paper-based processes by evaluating the end-to-end processes in their entirety.
METHOD: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with prominent role-players involved in the property transfer process in South Africa. The general systems view was used as the theoretical underpinning of the research, whereby property processes across the property supply chain should be viewed as a single system.
RESULTS: Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems may assist in integrating workflow processes to enhance productivity and collaboration, and improve overall property processes. The participants confirmed the need for a centralised platform with integrated workflows.
CONCLUSION: Participants who were interviewed concurred that a centralised system would produce numerous benefits and enhanced efficiencies through a streamlined and more transparent process. Therefore, the researcher recommends that an ERP system be introduced across the property supply chain. A centralised ERP management system would enable all parties to a particular property transaction to have sight of the progress of the transaction and reduce capturing errors across various systems.
CONTRIBUTION: The article will be useful within the immovable property industry, as well as to the buyers, sellers, and academia. Future studies could focus on how an ERP system could be integrated into the property supply chain.Colleges of Economic and Management Science
Urban tourism demand modelling : a City of Tshwane investigation
No full textAbstracts in English, Tswana and ZuluPrevious studies on urban tourism in South Africa have mostly focused on the supply side. However, for there to be supply there has to be demand, so it is important that the demand side of urban tourism be understood. The Behavioural Intention Model was used to explain the behavioural intention of tourists in relation to their demand for the CoT as a tourism destination. The research intended to develop a Model of Factors Influencing Urban Tourism Demand by investigating if Affective Tourist Demand (affect) mediated the relationship between Cognitive Tourist Demand (cognition) and Conative Tourist Demand (conation). Through the application of a probability sampling technique, the current study used a cross-sectional survey to generate data. A questionnaire consisting of 7-point Likert scale statements was used to collect data. Statistical analysis was done using the International Business Machine Statistical Package for the Social Sciences V28 software. Structural equation modelling was used to produce a complete mediation model, where it was found that Affective Tourist Demand (mediator variable) had a mediation effect on the relationship between Cognitive Tourist Demand (endogenous variable) and Conative Tourist Demand (exogenous variable) in a Model of Factors Influencing Urban Tourism Demand. The developed model outlined what the CoT authorities should consider if they plan to attract visitors to the city for urban tourism. The study’s findings could be used when developing marketing strategies for the city as a tourism destination.Dithutopatlisiso tsa mo nakong e e fetileng tse di ka ga bojanala mo ditoropong tse dikgolo mo Aforikaborwa di ne di tsepamisa ka bontsi mo letlhakoreng la go tlamela tirelo. Le fa go ntse jalo, gore go nne le tlamelo ya tirelo go tshwanetse ga nna le tlhokego ya tirelo ya go nna jalo, ka ga jalo go botlhokwa go tlhaloganya letlhakore la tlhokego ya bojanala jwa mo ditoropong tse dikgolo. Go dirisitswe Sekao sa Mabaka a a Tlhotlheletsang Maitsholo a a rileng go tlhalosa mabaka a a tlhotlheleditseng maitsholo a bajanala a go batla gore City of Tshwane e nne lefeloboyo la bojanala. Maitlhomo le maikemisetso a tlhotlhomiso ke go tlhama Sekao sa Mabaka a a Tlhotlheletsang Ditlhoko tsa Bojanala Mo Toropong e Kgolo ka go batlisisa gore a mme Keletso e e Dirwang ke gore o ikutlwa jang ka Lefelo la Bojanala (maikutlo) e rarabolotse bothata jwa kamano fa gare ga Keletso e e Dirwang ke se o se itseng ka Lefelo la Bojanala (kakanyo) le Go atlanegisa Lefelo la Bojanala (tiragatso). Ka tiriso ya mokgwa wa go tsaya disampole o o dirwang kwa ntle ga thulaganyo e e rileng, thutopatlisiso ya ga jaana e dirisitse patlisiso e go sekasekiwang data e e tswang mo bathong ba le bantsi ba ba farologaneng ka nako e le nngwe. Go kgobokanya data, go dirisitswe lenaneopotsolotso le le nang le maitlhophelo a le 7 a a tlhalosang gore o dumalana kgotsa o ganetsana go le kana kang le polelopotso. Go dirilwe tshekatsheko ya dipalopalo ka go dirisa software ya v28 ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Tshekatsheko ya Dipalopalo tsa Kgwebo ya Disaense tsa Dikamano tsa Batho. Go dirisitswe sekao se se sekasekang kamano ya sebako le sebakwa go dira sekao se se feletseng sa tharabololo, moo go fitlhetsweng gore Keletso e e Dirwang ke gore o ikutlwa jang ka Lefelo la Bojanala (pharologantsho e e tlhalosang sebako le sebakwa) e nnile le tharabololo mo kamanong ya fa gare ga Keletso e e Dirwang ke se o se itseng ka Lefelo la Bojanala (pharologantsho e e tlhotlhelediwang go tswa mo teng) le Keletso ya Bojanala e e Tlhotlhelediwang ke Boikaelelo jwa Go ja Nala gape le Go atlanegisa Lefelo la Bojanala (pharologantsho e e tlhotlhelediwang go tswa kwa ntle) mo Sekaong sa Mabaka a a Tlhotlheletsang Bojanala jwa mo Ditoropong tse Dikgolo. Sekao se se tlhamilweng se tlhalositse se bothati jwa CoT bo tshwanetseng go se akanyetsa fa ba loga maano a go ngokela bajanala mo toropokgolong. Go ka dirisiwa diphitlhelelo tsa thutopatlisiso mo tlhamong ya ditogamaano tsa go bapatsa toropokgolo jaaka lefeloboyo la bojanala.Izifundo zangaphambilini zezokuvakasha zasemadolobheni eNingizimu Afrika ziye zagxila kakhulu ohlangothini lokuhlinzeka. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kube nokuhlinzekwa kufanele kube nesidingo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi uhlangothi lwesidingo sezokuvakasha zasemadolobheni luqondwe kahle. IModeli Yezinhloso Zokuziphatha isetshenziselwe ukuchaza inhloso yokuziphatha yezivakashi maqondana nesidingo sazo eDolobheni LaseTshwane njengendawo yokuvakasha. Ucwaningo luhlose ukusungula iModeli Yezici Ezinethonya Esidingweni Sezokuvakasha Zasemadolobheni ngokuphenya ukuthi ingabe iSidingo Sezivakashi Esinomthelela (ukuba nomthelela) sibuchazile ubudlelwano phakathi kweSidingo Sezivakashi Sokuqonda (ukuqonda) kanye neSidingo Sezivakashi Esihlosiwe (okuhlosiwe). Ngokusetshenziswa kwendlela yokusampula ngokubheka amathuba akhona, ucwaningo lwamanje lusebenzise inhlolovo ebheka izingxenye eziningi ukuze kukhiqizwe imininingo. Kusetshenziswe iphephamibuzo elinezitatimende eziyizinhlangothi eziyisi-7 zesilinganiso sikaLikert. Kuhlaziywe izibalo kusetshenziswa uhlelo olusetshenziswa kukhompuyutha olwaziwa ngokuthi yi-International Business Machine Statistical Package for the Social Sciences V28. Kusetshenziswe izindlela zokulinganisa nokuhlaziya ubudlelwano ukukhiqiza imodeli ephelele echaza ubudlelwano, nalapho kutholakala khona ukuthi iSidingo Sezivakashi Esinomthelela (umehluko ebudlelwaneni) saba nomthelela ekuchazweni kobudlelwano phakathi kweSidingo Sezivakashi Sokuqonda (umehluko wokungaphakathi) kanye neSidingo Sezivakashi Esihlosiwe (umehluko wokungaphandle) kumaModeli Ezici Ezinethonya Esidingweni Sezokuvakasha Zasemadolobheni. Imodeli esunguliwe yaveza lokho abaphathi beDolobha LaseTshwane okumele bacabange ngakho uma behlela ukuheha izivakashi edolobheni maqondana nezokuvakasha zasedolobheni. Okutholakele ocwaningweni kungasetshenziswa uma kusungulwa amasu okumaketha idolobha njengendawo yokuvakasha.M. Com. (Tourism Management)Colleges of Economic and Management Science
Leadership styles within the South African Police Service : a case of national head office divisions and components
Get PDFThe research problem for this study is that certain leadership styles negatively affect performance management and the organisational culture at the National Divisions and Components of the South African Police Service (SAPS). To achieve the overall aim of the study namely, to investigate leadership styles and ethical leadership in the public sector and the ways in which leadership influences performance management and the organisational culture at the National Divisions of the SAPS, online interviews were conducted with Major Generals and Brigadiers of the Operational and Support Divisions at national level. Commanders of the Strategic Management Office were requested to complete an online questionnaire.
The participants within the National Divisions and Components of the SAPS confirmed that there is a relationship between leadership styles and performance management and organisational culture. Based on the responses, it was deduced that the laissez-faire or delegative leadership style is the dominant leadership style practiced at the National Divisions and Components of the SAPS.
Within the Operational and Support Divisions, the managers do discuss with the management team in specific terms who is responsible for achieving specific performance targets. However, there seems to be a gap in the alignment of goals across the various levels of the SAPS. Despite having a strategic plan, the majority of the participants indicated that the individual performance of employees does not support organisational performance.
The study concluded that the command and control leadership style is part of the culture of the SAPS and, as such, determines the behaviours of its leaders, managers and members, but hinders creativity. The majority of the participants felt that the culture of the SAPS makes it difficult for the organisation to adjust to internal and external changes.
Recommendations were made to the SAPS to enhance ethical leadership to improve performance management and the organisational culture.M.A. (Public Administration)Public Administration and Managemen
The Role of Organized Psychology in Inspiring Hope and Preventing Hate Victimization: Recommendations from a South African Hate and Bias Monitoring Initiative
Get PDFPsychology must have as its primary focus the well-being of humans, communities, and societies and cannot be detached from – or even neutral about – our social or political systems. For those who are impacted by hate, the focus on their well-being has never mattered more. In South Africa, which is the focal point of our research, and the world, hate victimization targeting people based on identity factors like race, nationality, religion, and sexual orientation is becoming more prevalent. Given the menacing intensification of hate, how is psychology as a profession, science, and discipline keeping the pulse of society at large? The South African Hate Crimes Working Group (HCWG) conducted a five-year longitudinal research study to assess the impact and nature of hate in South Africa. It is also the first study of this nature conducted in Africa. The Psychological Society of South Africa served as research lead for the HCWG, a multi-sectoral network of civil society organizations, utilizing the customized HCWG Monitoring Form as a research instrument. A total of N = 945 cases were quantitatively analyzed providing descriptive information. Key results inform the role of scientific and professional organizations representing psychology in preventing hate. Not only is there the need for policy and legislative changes to effectively address hate victimization, but most importantly the significance of attending to the impact of hate, including hopelessness, distrust, and dignity lost, is indicated. Based on the findings, recommendations underscore the ways in which global and nationally representative psychological associations may contribute to improved measures of prevention, add their voice to disrupting intolerance and condemn the ubiquitous rhetoric of bigotry that elicits hate-based victimization. And, in doing so, inspire hope for humanity.Psycholog
Environmental implications of sewage water overflow : a case study of Cosmo City, Johannesburg, South Africa
Get PDFCosmo City, situated in Johannesburg, Gauteng, has been experiencing SWO in previous years which poses a significant threat to the environment and water bodies such as wetlands, rivers, and streams. This raises concerns about the water quality of Zandspruit river as well as human health risks potentially posed by the level of pollution to the surrounding water bodies. The study aimed to investigate the impacts of sewage water overflows into the Zandspruit river, and the perceptions of the community towards SWO. Water samples were collected from Prestine Spruit stream a tributary of Zandspruit river for 12 months from 3 sampling sites of the stream for analysis. Water quality parameters such as pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solids were measured in the field using a water quality multimeter, while other parameters such as turbidity, metals, nitrates, phosphate, COD, and E. coli were analysed at SANAS accredited laboratories. The results were compared to the South African water quality guidelines and other set standards. Most of the water quality parameters were found to be within the permissible standard limits with COD, E. coli and turbidity being the only parameters found to be above the permissible set standards. The detection of COD, E. coli and turbidity above set standards, is an indication that the river water is highly polluted. Perceptions of the community towards SWO was studied using a survey, through the distribution of questionnaires to community members. The purpose of the questionnaire was to assess community’s perceptions towards SWO. The survey was carried for a period of 3 months. On the survey results, the community perceived that the main causes of sewage water overflows were population growth, blockage, and broken sewers. The community also perceived that sewage water overflows are negatively impacting the environment, human health, river water quality, and the economy. The survey results are in conformity with experimental results. The overall results of this study revealed that sewage water overflows surrounding Cosmo City are negatively impacting the river water quality and poses health risk concerns. Therefore, there is a need to monitor and manage sewage water overflows in Cosmo City to mitigate any negative impacts that arise because of sewage water overflows.M.Sc. (Life Sciences)School of Agriculture and Life Science
A phenomenological study on the experiences of parents of substance users from resource-constrained contexts in the Western Cape, South Africa
No full textAdolescent substance use continues to remain a significant problem, especially in low-income communities in South Africa. This phenomenon not only affects individuals and society, but also the parents of the user. Parents within low-income contexts may feel disregarded or ‘unseen’ in planning and service delivery initiatives, which may lead to a lack of appropriate knowledge and resources when confronted with a child who uses substances. The situation may also be amplified by challenges within resource-constrained environments. The aim of this paper is to explore the subjective experiences of parents of substance users and their access to available treatment resources in low-income settings. The study, embedded in the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, employed a phenomenological research design. Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents/guardians of substance users from various resource-constrained communities in the Western Cape, South Africa. Using an interpretative phenomenological analysis technique, major themes emerging from the analysis included: 1) the experiences and perceptions of a parent with a child who uses substances, and 2) access to treatment: “just make it easy”. Study findings highlight the multifaceted nature of this journey and how the experience of gaining access to treatment resources may facilitate or hinder coping, particularly in low-income contexts, which may aid in addressing structural barriers that prevent access to resources and ultimately, increase support structures that are rich in quality and accessible across various socio-economic contexts.Institute for Social and Health Studies (ISHS
Knowledge Sharing Practices Among Nurses During COVID-19: A Case Study of Makhanda in the Eastern Cape Province of South
Get PDFThe importance of knowledge in this fast-changing world cannot be overstated. Knowledge is urrently considered a crucial organisational resource that transcends other resources, such as land and capital. It plays a vital role in ensuring that organisations maintain a competitive edge. The purpose of this study is to examine knowledge sharing practices among public nursing practitioners during the COVID-19 pandemic in the city of Makhanda, in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. The study aims to gain insight into the level of knowledge sharing practices among nurses working in eight public health facilities in Makhanda. The study was supported by the positivist paradigm, which is based on the hypothetical-deductive technique used to validate a priori quantitative statements that best meet the needs and objectives of the study. Based on the study's purpose, objectives, and data requirements, a quantitative approach was used, employing a survey design. A questionnaire containing mostly closed ended and a few open-ended questions was distributed to all 56 registered nurses working in eight public health institutions in Makhanda. Of the 56 questionnaires distributed, 47 were returned, yielding an 84% response rate. The collected data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 26, and the results were exported to Microsoft Excel for visualisation and reporting of the findings.
The findings indicate that the respondents understand what knowledge sharing practice is;
however, their understanding of this practice among themselves differed from their actual
practice of sharing knowledge. The majority of the respondents did not engage in knowledge sharing practice despite being aware of its benefits and importance. Most respondents indicated that knowledge sharing practice is essential to service delivery. The study recommends that knowledge which is relevant to the work the nurses perform should be acquired by them. The study also recommends identifying the nurses responsible for, and their responsibilities in, knowledge sharing practice across various departments, the promotion of a knowledge sharing culture, the use of information and communication technology to support knowledge sharing practice and using communities of practice (CoPs) to share knowledge.M.A. (Information Science)Information Scienc
Only Study Guide for LIN1501: Grammatical Patterns and Principles.
No full textThis OER delves into the fascinating world of orthography and writing systems, exploring the fundamental concepts and principles that underlie the written communication systems used by various languages around the world. Orthography refers to the set of conventions and rules governing the representation of spoken language through written symbols, while writing systems encompass the diverse methods and scripts used to express these symbols. Through an exploration of historical and cultural contexts, the resource examines the evolution of writing systems from their earliest origins to the complex systems encountered in modern times. From ancient pictographs and hieroglyphs to modern alphabets and syllabaries, the author uncovers the diverse range of writing systems that have emerged across different civilizations and regions. The resource also delves into the intricacies of orthographic systems, discussing the various components that comprise them, such as letters, characters, and graphemes. The concepts of phonetic and logographic writing are explored, along with the challenges associated with representing sounds and meaning through written symbols.Linguistics and Modern Language