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The use of open distance e-learning (ODeL) to support life sciences teachers in the use of visual models to teach genetics
No full textCovid-19 has brought in a lot of innovative changes in people’s lives, especially in the teaching
and learning of Life Sciences. Visual models have helped to improve effective teaching and
learning of Life Sciences, particularly during the Covid-19 pandemic era. The world is trying
its best to adjust and use modern means of teaching and learning, and South Africa is no
exception.
South Africa, as a developing country is currently adopting teaching methods that integrate
information technology such as the use of visual models in teaching genetics in Life Sciences.
The primary purpose of the present research was to investigate the use of Open Distance e-
Learning (ODeL) to support Life Sciences teachers in the use of visual models to teach
genetics. This research adopted qualitative approach in five high schools in the Oliver Reginald
Tambo Coastal District of the Eastern Cape in South Africa involving Grade 12 Life Sciences teachers. Employing purposively sampling technique, the study revealed that, content
understanding and methods improve under the ODeL but with some limitations. Hence, the
study recommend that e-learning infrastructure and visual models are needed for a successful
utilisation of the ODeL especially teaching new topics like genetics.M. Ed. (Natural Science Education)Science and Technology Educatio
Application of timed artificial insemination in synchronized dairy and beef cows using sexed and non-sexed semen
No full textIn beef and dairy cattle, using sexed semen improves genetic progress and increases the proportion of desired gender calves following artificial insemination (AI). Oestrus detection is a limiting factor for maximum reproductive efficiency in dairy and beef cows. Many intrinsic and extrinsic factors, however, can hinder oestrous synchronization. Advanced sperm analyses in cattle provide accurate results on sperm quality. The best measure of sperm quality, according to the computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) system, is the highest sperm motility or velocity. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the application of timed artificial insemination (TAI) in synchronized dairy and beef cows using sexed semen in emerging farmer’s cattle herds of Gauteng province. A total of two hundred and thirty three cows (dairy; n = 136 and beef; n = 97) were selected from the emerging cattle herds. All cows were selected based on; age (3 to ≥ 7 years), body condition score (BCS) of ≤ 2.5, 3 and ≥ 3.5 (1 to 5 scale), not pregnant (excluding heifers), parity (1 to ≥ 5th), negative to contagious abortion, 90 days postpartum and lactation status (lactating or dry) and assigned to a 9-day Ovsynch + controlled intravaginal drug release (CIDR) and TAI protocol. In brief, on any given day throughout the oestrous cycle (Day 0) the cows received an insertion of CIDR device into the vagina, with intramuscular (i.m.) administration of Estradiol benzoate® (EB). On Day 8, i.m. administration of prostaglandin (PGF2α), with adhesive tail-head heat mount detectors (HMD) and CIDR was removed. On Day 9, i.m. administration of EB. The TAI was performed by the same inseminator 55 hours following CIDR removal using frozen-thawed X-sexed or non-sexed semen from 8 bulls (4 Holstein Friesian and 4 Angus), 2 sexed and 2 non-sexed sperm from each cattle type (dairy and beef) were supplied by American breeders service (ABS) Global, South Africa. At AI, oestrus behaviour was assessed by activation of the HMD colour either as are red (oestrus/activated patch) or white (no oestrus/ not activated patch). The GameteTek Cryo-Mobile laboratory truck was used during thawing of semen straws and sperm quality parameters (sperm motility, velocity, morphology and membrane integrity) were immediately assessed before AI. Pregnancy diagnosis was performed on Days 35, 65 and 95 following TAI with the aid of a transrectal ultrasound scanner and transrectal palpation. The calving date and calf sex were recorded at calving. All data were analyzed by general linear model (GLM) procedure of Statistical Analysis System (SAS, 9.3.3). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was tested to compare treatment means for semen quality (sexed vs non-sexed semen), bull (n = 8) and treatment × bull as a fixed effect. Chi-square test was used to determine significant differences for equal proportions. Differences between the variables were considered to be statistically significant at P 0.05). The average sperm membrane integrity percentage was recorded among dairy (sexed; 51.0% and non-sexed; 64.1%) and beef (sexed; 52.3% and non-sexed; 71.2%) bulls. The proportion of pregnancy was high in dairy (sexed; 41.4% and non-sexed; 48.5%) compared with beef (sexed; 38.0% and non-sexed; 37.0 %) cows (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the acceptable oestrus synchronization expression and conception rates of dairy and beef cows were achieved. It is recommended that sexed semen can be successfully utilized through advanced reproductive biotechnologies in an organized emerging cattle farming system.M. Sc. (Agriculture)Agriculture and Animal Healt
Moving towards a carbon pricing strategy to leverage the decarbonisation of mining operations in South Africa
No full textAbstract in English with SeTswana and SePedi translationsThe aim of this study was to develop a carbon pricing strategy to accelerate decarbonisation in the mining sector. A qualitative study was conducted to draw policy lessons from comparative analysis of the carbon tax policy regimes of the European Union, Switzerland, Canada and the United Kingdom (UK) in order to establish the carbon pricing strategies that will induce South African miners to invest in renewable energy technologies. A review of South Africa’s carbon tax regime highlights that the policy shortcomings may be attributable to low carbon prices, excessive free emission allowances and continued subsidy support of fossil fuels. The comparative benchmarking exercise indicates that significant decarbonisation occurs when there is a cap of emissions for energy-intensive industries, followed by an emissions trade or a penalty system. Furthermore, the carbon price needs to exceed cost of abatement so as to encourage investment in decarbonisation measures. A net present value simulation determines that a carbon price of ZAR 668.62 per tonne of CO2 would need to be levied in order to incentivise mining entities to invest in solar PV. The current study advances knowledge on carbon pricing within the theoretical underpinnings of Pigou theory of corrective taxes. The study recommends that a fixed CO2 emissions cap that declines yearly ought to be integrated into the South African carbon pricing regime. The carbon emission cap should further be supported by higher carbon prices for emissions exceeding the threshold so as to ensure that the national emission reduction pledges are successfully achieved.Maikemisetso a thutopatlisiso eno e ne e le go tlhama togamaano ya peotlhotlhwa ya khabone go itlhaganedisa phokotso ya selekano se se ntshediwang mo tikologong sa khabonedaeokosaete mo lephateng la meepo. Go dirilwe thutopatlisiso e e tlhalosang maitemogelo le dikakanyo tsa batsayakarolo go bona thuto mo pholising, go tswa mo tshekatshekong e e neng e bapisa mekgwatsamaiso ya pholisi ya lekgetho la khabone ya European Union, Switzerland, Canada le United Kingdom (UK) ka maikaelelo a go tlhoma ditogamaano tsa peotlhotlhwa ya khabone tse di tlaa tlhotlheletsang baepi ba Aforika Borwa go beeletsa mo dithekenolojing tsa metswedi e e ka ntšhwafadiwang ya maatla. Tshekatsheko ya mokgwatsamaiso wa lekgetho la khabone wa Aforika Borwa e gatelela ntlha ya gore ditlhaelo tsa pholisi di ka tswa di bakilwe ke ditlhotlhwa tse di kwa tlase tsa khabone, ditetlelelo tse di sa duelelweng tsa selekano se se feteletseng sa khabone e e ntshiwang le tshegetso e e tsweletseng ya ketleetso ya metswedi e e ka se kgoneng go ntšhwafadiwa ya maatla. Tiragatso ya go lekanyetsa ka go bapisa e kaya gore go nna le phokotso e e bonalang ya selekano se se ntshiwang sa khabonedaeokosaete fa go na le tekanyetso ya selekano se se ka ntshiwang mo madirelong a a dirisang maatla a mantsi thata, mme e latelwa ke thotloetso ya go fokotsa selekano sa dikgotledi kgotsa tiriso ya kotlhao. Mo godimo ga moo, tlhotlhwa ya khabone e tlhoka go feta tlhotlhwa ya phokotso go rotloetsa peeletso mo mekgwatirisong ya go fokotsa selekano se se ntshiwang sa khabonedaeokosaete. Phopholetso ya bolengpalo jwa lotseno le dipoelo tsa ga jaana e tlhomamisa gore tlhotlhwa ya khabone ya ZAR 668.62 ka tono nngwe le nngwe ya CO2 e tlaa tlhoka go duedisiwa lekgetho go rotloetsa ditheo tsa meepo go beeletsa mo tirisong ya sediriswa se se fetolelang lesedi la letsatsi ka tlhamalalo go nna motlakase. Thutopatlisiso ya ga jaana e bona kitso ka ga peotlhotlhwa ya khabone mo metheong e e tshegetsang tiori ya ga Pigou ya makgethotshiamiso. Thutopatlisiso e atlanegisa gore tekanyetso ya selekano se se tlhomameng sa CO2 se se welang tlase ngwaga le ngwaga e tshwanetse go tsenyelediwa mo mokgwatsamaisong wa Aforika Borwa wa peotlhotlhwa ya khabone. Tekanyetso ya selekano sa khabonedaeokosaete e e ntshiwang e tshwanetse go tshegediwa go ya pele ka ditlhotlhwa tse di kwa godingwana tsa dilekano tsa khabone tse di ntshiwang mme di feta seelo se se beilweng go netefatsa gore go fitlhelelwa ka katlego ditsholofetso tsa bosetšhaba tsa phokotso ya selekano se se ntshiwang.Maikemišetšo a nyakišišo ye e be e le go godiša mokgwa wa tekanyo ya khapone go potlakiša phokotšo goba phedišo ya khapontaoksaete mo lekaleng la meepo. Go šomišitšwe mokgwa wa nyakišišo wa boleng go hlaola dithutwana tša pholisi go tloga go tshekatsheko ya go bapetša ya molao wa pholisi ya motšhelo wa khapone wa Kopano ya Yuropa, Switzerland, Canada le United Kingdom (UK) go utolla mekgwa ya tekanyo ya khapone yeo e tla huetšago baepi ba Afrika Borwa go beeletša go ditheknolotši tša mohlagase wa go šomiša moya goba letšatši. Tshekatsheko ya molao wa motšhelo wa khapone wa Afrika Borwa o tšweletša gore mafokodi a pholisi a ka ba a hlotšwe ke ditheko tša khapone ya fase, ditumelelo tša tokollo ya go lokologa ye kgolo le go tšwela pele ka thekgo ya ditšhelete ya go thekga dibešwa tša malahla le gase. Mošomo wo wa go bapetša katlego o laetša gore phokotšo goba phedišo ya khapontaoksaete ye bohlokwa e direga ge go na le kaonafalo ya tokollo ya diintasteri tša mohlagase wa go tsenelela, wa latelwa ke phetogo ya ditokollo goba lenaneo la dikotlo. Se sengwe gape, theko ya khapone e hloka go feta tefo ye e fokoditšwego gore go hlohleletšwe peeletšo go ditekanyo tša phokotšo goba phedišo ya khapontaoksaete. Mohlwaela wa tšhelete o laodiša gore theko ya khapone ya R668.62 ka tone ya CO2 e tla swanela go lefelwa motšhelo go hlohleletša makala a meepo go beeletša go PV ya sola. Nyakišišo ya gonabjale e godiša tsebo ka ga theko ya khapone ka go motheo wa kakaretšo ya teori ya Pigou ya metšhelo ya mohola. Nyakišišo e šišinya gore ditokollo tša go se fetoge tša CO2 tšeo di fokotšegago ngwaga le ngwaga di swanelwa go kopanywa ka go molao wa theko ya khapone wa Afrika Borwa. Tokollo ya khapone e swanetšwe go thekgwa gape ke tefo ya godimo ya khapone ya ditokollo tša go feta mathomong go kgonthiša gore ditshepišo tša phokotšego ya tokollo ya bosetšhaba di fihlelelwa ka katlego.M. (Accounting Sciences)College of Accounting Science
Re-framing (South) African youth ministry: Cutting the colonial umbilical cord of Western Hegemony
No full textYouth ministry, as understood in an African context, is predominantly informed, and guided by a West/Euro philosophy and hegemony. African youth ministry, it seems, is struggling to break away from the hegemony of the developed world, one that is not always compatible or even deals with the developing world like Africa. There has been a renewed energy from the youths on the African continent calling for a decolonial conversation, which ideally, should also include theology and youth ministry. The #feesmustfall and #rhodesmustfall campaigns in South Africa have proven that youth in the developing world remains a dominant voice for justice and transformation in spheres controlled by the adult community, those who are traditionally in power, and who hold a philosophy that is often vastly different from the youths and the world that they inhabit. In a sense, one can argue that the actions in the calling for justice and transformation of the youth are indeed prophetic. This article will argue that the youth from emerging nations, such as Africa, has the agency to make a profound difference in (public) areas where there is injustice, thus offering a message of hope. This means of agency amongst the youth in the public domain is an expression of how youth ministry should not restrict itself to only the clerical and ecclesial domains but also ought to act in the public domain as public practical theology. Furthermore, this article will argue, as a public practical theology, that there is a need to build a theological theory, which is local and distinct from the West/Euro context to further the prophetic actions of the youth. The twofold aim of this article will be achieved through a theoretical approach with reflections on contemporary actions of, particularly South African youth.Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theolog
An information security framework for reducing information security costs and sustaining information security culture
Get PDFAs the velocity and volume of data breaches increases, information security is a
cornerstone to the sustainability of business functionality in organisations. The
focus of traditional information security has been to address concerns through
the implementation of technology. Nonetheless, the profound catalyst behind
data breaches often stems from the influence of individuals on information
security, necessitating human involvement to bolster the intricate array of
information security technologies. Elevating the information security culture
among staff members should stand as a pivotal impetus in tandem with the
enhancement of information security technology. This leads to a greater need to
focus on sociological solutions with lesser emphasis on technological solutions.
This research aims to concentrate on mitigating the risks associated with
information security breaches through the enhancement of information security
culture, while decreasing the overall expenses tied to managing information security within organisations. The study was conducted using Design Science
Research Methodology (DSRM), wherein artefacts, including three models, a
framework and a supporting evaluation tool were developed. Through the
DSRM process, these artefacts were evaluated, tested and iteratively improved.
The results obtained from the assessments of the framework and tool
demonstrated their efficacy in enabling organisations to derive value by
assessing their security posture, prioritising cost-reduction endeavours, and
formulating strategies to enhance information security culture. The practical
significance of this research lies in the fact that the developed framework and
tool offer a streamlined and comprehensive approach to appraising an
organisation's information security status, particularly emphasising nontechnical
aspects for improvement. What sets these artefacts apart is their unique integration of elements that emphasise the human impact on information
security, aligning with both cost-reduction goals and the enhancement of
security assessment within an organisation. Through testing, second iterations of
the framework and tool were designed along with a web-based application for using the framework. Information was also gathered to be able to determine a
roadmap to further improve the framework and tool over time.Ph. D. (Information Systems)School of Computin
The attitudes of the Xhosa community towards indigenously uncircumcised men in Bizana
No full textThe purpose of the study: Was to explore and describe the cultural values related
to the indigenous circumcision that leads to attitudes towards indigenously
uncircumcised men in the AmaXhosa community. To explore and describe why are
the uncircumcised men are being discriminated and stigmatised amongst AmaXhosa
community.
Methodology: The study utilized the qualitative methodology whereby face-to-face
interviews as well as telephonic interviews were performed. The population of the
study was men and women who resides in Bizana where the study was conducted
and analysed following thematic data analysis.
Study population and sample: The target population for this research study was
the indigenous community that resides in Bizana and is familiar with indigenous male
circumcision. The study sample was purposively drawn from the Bizana community
among AmaXhosa that included both men and women who know indigenous male
circumcision to give detailed information.
Data collection and data analysis methods: Data were collected using semi structured interviews. The overall purpose of using semi-structured interviews for
data collection was to gather information from key informants who have personal
experiences, attitudes, perceptions, and beliefs related to the topic ‘the attitudes of
the Xhosa community towards indigenously uncircumcised men in Bizana’. Eleven
interviews were conducted and transcribed verbatim by the researcher.
Findings: Four themes emerged during data collection which are: respect,
language, regarded as a men and secrecy. It was found that indigenous male circumcision is highly respected amongst AmaXhosa tribe as it gives the status of
being a man irrespective of your age. It was also found that the secrecy of
indigenous male circumcision is well protected amongst AmaXhosa community.
Recommendations: It is recommended in the study that indigenous male
circumcision be practiced with respect that it commands from the community. In
addition, it is recommended that the male medical circumcision be promoted prior to
indigenous male circumcision as a rite of passage to manhood.M.P.H.Health Studie
Drawbacks of the partial implementation of procurement policies for a sustainable commuter bus industry: case of South Africa
Get PDFFor democratic countries like South Africa, public policies and regulations are critical, in addressing public problems. In such countries, policies are meant to create a favourable atmosphere for the provision of efficient public administration and development, whilst creating peace within the society. The commuter bus industry is no exception, and the implementation of its policies aims to provide transport services to the poor, plus socioeconomic objectives with the use of procurement. This is to open the industry to new entrants to the industry’s mainstream. According to the procurement policies these bus services should be procured through competitive tendering and negotiation. However, the key guiding procurement policies and regulations are partially implemented and that greatly affects the performance of the industry. This paper then seeks to highlight these policies and their impact to the stakeholders and the industry at large in South Africa. This paper adopted a qualitative single case study, using semi-structured interviews to explore the study objective.
Twenty-three interviews were held with the participants in the industry to solicit their views on the issue of study. The findings revealed that to a great extent the partial implementation of the key procurement policies and regulations has contributed to the challenges faced within the industry, including limitations in the rollout of bus subsidies, lack of flexibility on subsidised routes, interim contracts made permanent and poorly bus services, to mention a few. The paper concludes with recommendation that the government can employ to address the identified challenges in the industry.Applied Managemen
A framework for the management of nurse educator bullying in nursing education institutions
No full textBullying remains a hidden yet insidious issue within nursing education institutions (NEIs). This study aimed to create and validate a framework for managing bullying among nurse educators in these settings. Conducted in five Gauteng-based NEIs, the researcher employed a qualitative, descriptive phenomenological design. The first phase explored the lived experiences of nurse educators and key stakeholders, using purposive sampling and in-depth interviews. Colaizzi’s method guided the data analysis phase.
Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of practice informed the study. The findings from the first phase revealed that symbolic violence served as a concealed form of power, fostering a coercive atmosphere. This was exacerbated by the field’s doxa, a behavioural expression that highlighted the emotional toll of bullying, such as bitterness and anxiety. These elements shaped a specific habitus for bullies, marked by unprofessional behaviour and signs of inferiority. Despite these issues, there was agreement on the necessity for a safe, well-managed workplace.
A framework for the management of nurse educator bullying in NEIs was subsequently developed and validated. The study thus delivers a crucial framework for addressing workplace bullying in NEIs, engaging key stakeholders. The study also offers practical recommendations for enhancing work conditions and retaining qualified nurse educators.D. Phil. (Nursing (Health Sciences))Health Studie
Internal and external factors affecting the growth of small, medium and micro enterprises in overstrand local municipality, Western Cape Province
No full textText in EnglishBackground: Small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) play a vital economic role in South Africa, yet high failure rates persist. Removing obstacles to growth is key. This study explored internal and external factors, plus government support perceptions, affecting SMMEs in Overstrand Municipality.
Significance: Understanding growth barriers can inform policies assisting South African SMME advancement, economic participation and unemployment reduction.
Methodology: An interpretivism, qualitative approach using semi-structured interviews was employed to capture 12 owners' experiences. Purposive sampling ensured participants met National Small Business Act criteria for SMME classification. The thematic analysis examined perspectives on motivation, skills, infrastructure, finance access and government backing.
Results: Findings revealed constrained growth due to capability shortfalls around business expertise, exacerbated by infrastructure gaps and limited external funding. Despite national SMME promotion efforts, support was considered inadequate and mismatched from entrepreneur realities. Key internal obstacles were financial illiteracy and human capital deficits, only partially mitigated via training. Externally, infrastructure deficiencies regarding utilities, premises and transport fundamentally impeded optimal development. Market reach was also curtailed by locational disadvantages.
Conclusions: Targeted skills programs demonstrate formalisation benefits, indicating that adult education and vocational training investments can empower small business owners. However, external barriers around infrastructure and finance must be confronted through upgrades, commercial hubs and alternative funding models.
Recommendations: Proposed interventions include expanding entrepreneurship courses, constructing affordable shared services infrastructure, easing access to grants, creating a digital assistance portal and requiring regular public-private dialogues to enhance policy coordination and responsiveness. Additional suggestions comprise market access assistance via funded expo participation and paid internships.M.A. (Business Administration)Business Managemen
Relationship between entrepreneurial education, motivation, and entrepreneurial intention among Enactus students in South Africa
Get PDFText in English, abstract in English, Xhosa and ZuluDue to the high level of unemployment in South Africa, the number of people starting businesses is lagging behind the rate of other African continents. Compared to other African countries, South Africa has a low level of entrepreneurial intention. For a country's economy to grow, entrepreneurship is essential. Therefore, the participation of university students in entrepreneurship education programmes should be encouraged. Students will be exposed to entrepreneurial skills and be more inclined to start a business in the future. The study's objective was to investigate the relationship between entrepreneurial education, motivation and entrepreneurial intention of ENACTUS students at selected South African universities. It was revealed that many ENACTUS students have high intentions of starting a business in the future, and their entrepreneurial intentions are impacted by their ENACTUS involvement and experience gained.
A quantitative descriptive research design was used for the study. The target population comprised ENACTUS students between 18 and 34 years who were registered at universities in South Africa in 2021. A Google Form questionnaire was distributed to respondents by the ENACTUS South Africa office to seven sampled ENACTUS teams and which comprised of 200 students. A convenience sampling method was used. A total of 165 full completed questionnaires were returned to the researcher. Descriptive statistics was used for the biographical and background information of respondents, including their level of agreement and opinions on aspects relating to intention to start a business, experience gained from ENACTUS, motivation towards entrepreneurship, ENACTUS involvement, and entrepreneurship education. The inferential statistics established the relationship between intention to start a business, experience gained from ENACTUS, motivation towards entrepreneurship, ENACTUS involvement, and entrepreneurship education. the inferential statistics included correlation analysis, regression analysis, factor analysis, exploratory factor analysis, as well as moderation analysis. The inferential statistics included correlation analysis, regression analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin-test as well as Bartlets Test of Sphericity. The results have shown that motivation towards entrepreneurship, entrepreneurship education, ENACTUS involvement and experience gained, are in a position to predict or influence the intention to start a business, which was the dependent variable. Sudents' interest in entrepreneurship helps to minimise unemployment and stimulate the economy by providing new prospects for long-term, sustainable entrepreneurial growth. Therefore, a government-driven policy should be in place to encourage entrepreneurship education in South Africa.Izinga eliphezulu lokunqaba kwemisebenzi eMzantsi Afrika likhokelela ekubeni babe mbalwa abantu abaziqalela amashishini xa kuthelekiswa namanye amazwe aseAfrika. Iinjongo zokuziqalela ishishini zisezantsi eMzantsi Afrika xa zithelekiswa nezamanye amazwe aseAfrika. Ukuze lukhule uqoqosho lwelizwe, ubuchule bokuqala ishishini buyimfuneko enkulu. Ngoko ke kufuneka kukhuthazwe ukuthatha inxaxheba kwabafundi beeyunivesithi kwizifundo ezimalunga nokuqala ishishini, Abafundi baza kutyhilelwa izakhono zokuqala ishishini ukuze babe nomdla ekuqaleni amashishini kwixa elizayo. Injongo yesi vihakath yayikukuphanda ulwalamano vihakathi kokufundiswa ngokuqala ishishin kunye neenjongo zokuqala ishishini kubafundi be-ENACTUS abakwiiyunivesithi ezikhethiweyo eMzantsi Afrika. Kwafumaniseka ukuba abafundi be-ENACTUS abaninzi baneenjongo eziphakamileyo zokuqala ishishini hatha inxaxheba nokuzuza amava kwiinkqubo ze-ENACTUS.
Kwesi sifundo kwasetyenziswa uyilo lophando olusekelwe kwinkcazo ngokobuninzi bamanani. Abathathi nxaxheba ekwakujoliswe kubo yayingabafundi be-ENACTUS abaphakathi kwe-18 nama-34 eminyaka ubudala, nababhaliswe kwiiyunivesithi zoMzantsi Afrika ngonyaka wama-2021. Kwasasazwa ifomu yeGoogle enemibuzo, isasazwa yiofisi ye-ENACTUS Mzantsi Afrika, isasazwa kubafundi abakumaqela asixhenxe awayeyisampulu ye-ENACTUS, apho iqela ngalinye lalinabafundi abagama-200. Indlela yokukhetha isampulu eyasetyenziswayo yeyokukhetha ngokufikeleleka nobulula. Iifomu zemibuzo ezaphendulwa ngokupheleleyo, zaza zabuyiselwa kumphandi zaba li-165.
Kwasetyenziswa ubalo oluchazayo ekuchazeni iinkcukacha zobomi nemvelaphi malunga nabathathi nxaxheba, kuqukwa neqondo lokuvumelana kunye nezimvo ngemiba emalunga neenjongo zokuqala ishishini, amava afumaneke kwiENACTUS, uthakazelelo lokuqala ishishini, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiENACTUS kunye nezifundo malunga nokuqala ishishini. Ezi zibalo zadulisa ulwalano vihakathi kwenjongo yokuqala ishishini, amava afumaneke kwiENACTUS, uthakazelelo lokuqala ishishini, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiENACTUS, kunye nezifundo malunga nokuqala ishishini. Ezi zibalo zaquka iindidi zohlalutyo ezahlukeneyo ezizezi: correlation analysis, regression analysis, factor analysis, Pearson correlation, the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin-test kunye novavanyo ekuthiwa yiBartlett’s Test of Sphericity. Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba uthakazelelo lokuqala ishishini, izifundo malunga nokuqala ishishini, ukuthatha inxaxheba kwiENACTUS, namava afumanekileyo yimiba enokukhekelela kuthelekelelo okanye ibe nefuthe kwinjongo yokuqala ishishini. Umdla wabafundi kubuchule bokuqala ishishini uyanceda ekucutheni intswela misebenzi kwaye ukhulisa uqoqosho ngokuvelisa amathemba okukhula kwamalinge azinzileyo nahlala ixesha elide. Ngoko ke, kufuneka kubekho umgaqo nkqubo oqhutywa ngurhulumente ukuze kukhuthazwe izifundo malunga nokuqala ishishini eMzantsi Afrika.Ngenxa yezinga eliphezulu lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi eNingizimu Afrika, isibalo sabantu abaqala amabhizinisi sisalele emuva ngezinga kunamanye amazwe ase-Afrika. Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amazwe ase-Afrika, iNingizimu Afrika inezinga eliphansi lenhloso yokuhweba. Ukuze umnotho wezwe ukhule, amabhizinisi abalulekile. Ngakho-ke, ukuzibandakanya kwabafundi basemanyuvesi ezinhlelweni zemfundo yezamabhizinisi kufanele kukhuthazwe. Abafundi bazokwaziswa ngamakhono ebhizinisi futhi bavuleleke kakhulu ekuqaleni amabhizinisi esikhathini esizayo. Inhloso yocwaningo bekuwukuphenya ubudlelwano phakathi kwemfundo yezamabhizinisi, ugqozi, kanye nenhloso yezamabhizinisi yabafundi be-ENACTUS emanyuvesi akhethiwe aseNingizimu Afrika. Kuvezwe ukuthi abafundi abaningi be-ENACTUS banezinhloso eziphezulu zokuqala amabhizinisi esikhathini esizayo, futhi izinhloso
Kusetshenziswe umklamo wocwaningo lokubala ocwaningweni. Isibalo sabantu sokuhlosiwe sasihlanganisa abafundi be-ENACTUS phakathi kweminyaka eyi-18 nengama-34 ababhaliswe emanyuvesi aseNingizimu Afrika ngonyaka wezi-2021. Uhlu lwemibuzo lwe-Google Form lasatshalaliswa yihhovisi le-ENACTUS eNingizimu Afrika kubaphenduli emaqenjini angamasampula ayisikhombisa e-ENACTUS ahlanganisa abafundi abangama-200. Kusetshenziswe indlela yokwenza isampula elula. Isamba semibuzo eyi-165 egcwaliswe ngokugcwele yabuyiselwa kumcwaningi. Izibalo ezichazayo zasetshenziswa olwazini lwempilo kanye nesizinda sabaphendulile, okuhlanganisa nezinga labo lesivumelwano nemibono ezicini eziphathelene nenhloso yokuqala ibhizinisi, ulwazi olutholwe ku-ENACTUS, ugqozi lokuya kwezamabhizinisi, ukuzibandakanya kwe-ENACTUS, kanye nemfundo yezamabhizinisi. Izibalo ezingasho lutho zakha ubudlelwano phakathi kwenhloso yokuqala ibhizinisi, ulwazi olutholwe kwa-ENACTUS, ugqozi lokuya kwezamabhizinisi, ukuzibandakanya kwe-ENACTUS, kanye nemfundo yezamabhizinisi. Izibalo ezingasho lutho zazihlanganisa ukuhlaziywa kokuhlobana, ukuhlaziywa kokuhlehla, ukuhlaziywa kwesici, ukuhlobana kwe-Pearson, ukuhlolwa kwe-Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin kanye ne-Bartlett's Test of Sphericity. Imiphumela ikhombisile ukuthi ukugqugquzeleka kwezamabhizinisi, imfundo yezamabhizinisi, ukuzibandakanya kwe-ENACTUS, nolwazi oluzuziwe, kusesimweni sokubikezela noma ukubandakanya phakathi inhloso yokuqala ibhizinisi, obekuyinto okuguquguqukayo. Intshisekelo yabafundi kwezamabhizinisi isiza ekunciphiseni ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi futhi ikhuthaze umnotho ngokuhlinzeka ngamathemba amasha okukhula kwebhizinisi okuzohlala isikhathi eside, nokusimeme. Ngakho-ke, kufanele kube nenqubomgomo eqhutshwa uhulumeni ukukhuthaza ukufundiswa kwezamabhizinisi eNingizimu Afrika.M.A. (Business Management)Business Management1 online resource (xix, 186 leaves) : illustrations (some color