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Search for a new Z′ gauge boson in 4μ events with the ATLAS experiment
No full textAbstract
This paper presents a search for a new Z′ vector gauge boson with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider using pp collision data collected at
s
= 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb−1. The new gauge boson Z′ is predicted by Lμ − Lτ models to address observed phenomena that can not be explained by the Standard Model. The search examines the four-muon (4μ) final state, using a deep learning neural network classifier to separate the Z′ signal from the Standard Model background events. The di-muon invariant masses in the 4μ events are used to extract the Z′ resonance signature. No significant excess of events is observed over the predicted background. Upper limits at a 95% confidence level on the Z′ production cross-section times the decay branching fraction of pp → Z′μμ → 4μ are set from 0.31 to 4.3 fb for the Z′ mass ranging from 5 to 81 GeV. The corresponding common coupling strengths, gZ′, of the Z′ boson to the second and third generation leptons above 0.003 – 0.2 have been excluded
The legal position regarding the best interests of the child in gender reassignment decisions in South Africa
No full textAbstracts in English, Sesotho and ZuluAlthough the recent concepts ‘gender dysphoria’ (according to the fifth edition of the
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 2022) and ‘gender
incongruence’ (as defined in the World Health Organization’s 2022 International
Classification of Diseases, ICD-11) may seem to refer to recent phenomena, research
has shown that gender diversity has affected individuals since the earliest times.
Recent years have seen a rapid increase in the number of adolescents and children
diagnosed with gender dysphoria. The prevalence of gender dysphoria is also
reflected in growing public attention and fierce debates regarding gender
reassignment procedures. Despite opposition to the procedures, an increased
acceptance of gender diversity in some parts of the world has been noted,
accompanied by the emergence of adolescent gender affirming health care and the
establishment of gender responsive health services. Not all adolescents affected by
gender dysphoria are able to express their gender incongruence from an early stage,
often leading to feelings of social alienation, anxiety and depression. Past medical
practices, as this thesis shows, have created unintended barriers to care for genderdiverse
adolescents. Adolescents and children were initially not incorporated in clinical
practice guidelines and standards of care issued by the World Professional
Association for Transgender Health (WPATH), an international body that sets the
standards of care for transgender medicine. In recent years, WPATH has
recommended medical interventions for adolescents and children with gender
incongruence. This is because delaying or minimising such medical interventions may
prolong the manifestation of gender dysphoria in adolescents and children. Early
intervention has been found to have a positive effect on the psychological well-being
and social functioning of these children, as well as establishing an external physical
appearance more closely aligned with their gender identity. Despite the
recommendation of early medical intervention, the optimal age of introducing genderaffirming
therapies remains a contested issue in this sensitive field of medicine and
law.
The thesis identifies several legal challenges obstructing adolescents’ access to
gender affirming health care in South Africa. Drawing on a comparative legal overview
of both proactive and restrictive approaches regarding the provision of gender
affirming care in Australia, the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Canada and Denmark, the thesis postulates that the current South African legal framework governing gender
affirming health care fails to meet the bests interests of children and adolescents
suffering from gender dysphoria. In order to address this, the thesis first explores,
through the lens of the best interests of children, different perspectives regarding
children and adolescents’ informed consent to gender affirming health care. Secondly,
the thesis concludes with sound recommendations informed by the legal comparative
analysis, which provides a firm foundation for the consideration of children and
adolescents’ access to gender affirming health care. This foundation will promote
ongoing civil discourse and deliberative dialogue toward better shared decisionmaking
in adolescent gender affirming health care and beyond. In the final instance,
the thesis demonstrates how access to gender affirming health care services must be
grounded in a human rights discourse, strengthened by the application of the yardstick
of the best interests of the child.Dikgopolotaba tsa moraorao e leng ‘masisapelo a tliswang ke bong ba tlhaho le bong
bo fapaneng le bong ba motho ba boitsebiso’ (ho ya ka 5th Edition of the Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 2022) le ‘bong ba tlhaho bo sa
dumellaneng le bong ba motho ba boitsebiso’ (jwalo ka ha ho hlaloswa ke World
Health Organisation’s 2022 International Classification of Diseases, ICD-11) eka di
bua ka diketsahalo tsa matsatsing a jwale, feela diphuputso di bontsha ha phapano
ya bong e le tlhobaboroko ho batho ho tloha sethathong. Sesosa sa bokudi, e leng
masisapelo a tliswang ke bong ba tlhaho le bong bo fapaneng ba motho ba boitsebiso,
se atile ka sekgahla dilemong tsa jwale dipalong tsa bana le batjha. Ketsahalo ena e
hlalositsweng ka hodimo e iponahatsa ka tsela eo setjhaba se tsepamisitseng maikutlo
le dingangisano tse matla mabapi le oporeishene tse fetolang bong. Ho hlokometswe
ho eketseha ha mafatshe a amohelang bong bo fapaneng, mme ho tsamaya mmoho
le ho ropoha ha ditshebeletso tsa bophelo tse tshehetsang batjha le ho thehwa hwa
ditshebeletso tsa bophelo tse arabelang bong ba motho, le ha ba bang ba le
kgahlanong le tsona. Ha se batjha bohle ba anngwang ke masisapelo a tliswang ke
bong ba tlhaho le bong bo fapaneng ba motho ba boitsebiso, ba kgonang ho hlalosa
bong ba tlhaho bo sa dumellaneng le bong ba motho ba boitsebiso ba sa le banyane,
mme sena se lebisa ho maikutlo a ho kgetholleha setjhabeng, ngongoreho le kgatello
ya maikutlo. Ditlwaelo tsa bophelo tsa kgale, jwalo ka ha thesese ena e bontsha, di
bakile dithibella tsa tlhokomelo tseo e seng tsa ka boomo ho hlokomeleng batjha ba
bong bo fapaneng. Ho tloha sethatong, batjha le bana ba ne ba sa kenyelletswa
ditataisong tsa ditshebeletso tsa bongaka le boemong ba tlhokomelo bo nehelanweng
ke World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH), e leng mokgatlo
wa matjhabatjhaba o thehang boemo ba tlhokomelo bitsong la meriana ho ba fetolang
bong. WPATH e kgothalleditse bonamodi ba bongaka bitsong la batjha le bana ba
nang le bong ba tlhaho bo sa dumellaneng le bong ba motho ba boitsebiso dilemong
tsa jwale. Lebaka ke hore tiehiso kapa ho nyenyefatsa ha bonamodi bona ba bongaka
bo ka atolosa boiponahatso ba bong ba tlhaho bo sa dumellaneng le bong ba motho
ba boitsebiso ho batjha le bana. Ho ile ha fumaneha hore bonamodi bo nakong bo na
le ditlamorao tse ntle maemong a bana bana a kelello le tshebetsong ya phedisano,
le hona ho thehweng ha tjhebeho e kantle ya sebopeho sa mmele e tshwanang le
bong ba bona ba boitsebiso. Ntle le dikgothalletso tsa bonamodi ba bongaka bo etswang nako e sa le teng, dilemo tse dumellesehang tsa ho kenya tshebetsong
theraphi e tshehetsang bong e ntse e le taba e lwanelwang maemong ana lekaleng la
bongaka le molao.
Thesese e hlwaya dikgwehlo tse mmalwa tse thibellang batjha ho fumana tlhokomelo
ya bophelo e netefatsang bong Aforika Borwa. Thesese e sisinya hore motheo wa
semolao wa Aforika Borwa wa jwale o laolang tlhokomelo ya bophelo e netefatsang
bong e hloleha ho ananela dikgahlehelo tse bohlokwa tsa bana le batjha ba nang le
bong ba tlhaho bo sa dumellaneng le bong ba motho ba boitsebiso, ka ho bapisa
tjhebeho tsa Australia, United Kingdom, New Zealand, Canada le Denmark, tsa
semolao tsa katamelo e nang le dipehelo le e se nang dipehelo sepheong sa
tshebeletso e netefatsang bong. Ho phenyekolleng sena, thesese e lekotse
dikgahlehelo le tumello e nang le tsebo ya tshebeletso ya bophelo e netefatsang bong
ba bana le batjha pele, Bobeding, thesese e phethela ka dikgothalletso tse tsepameng
ho manollo le papiso ya semolao eo e leng motheo wa tshekatsheko ho ananelweng
hwa bana le batjha ho fihlelleng ditshebeletso tsa bophelo. Motheo ona o tla
kgothalletsa dipuisano setjhabeng le dingangisano tsa maikemisetso tse tswellang
pele e le ho nka diqeto tse kopanetsweng ditabeng tsa ditshebeletso tsa bophelo tse
netefatsang bong ba batjha ho ya ho ile. Qetellong, thesese e bontsha hore ho fihlella
ditshebeletso tsa bophelo tse netefatsang bong di tshwanetse ho thehwa dipuisanong
tsa ditokelo tsa botho mme di tshehetswe ka ho sebedisa dikgahlehelo tse bohlokwa
tsa ngwana.Nakuba kunezimvo ezahlukene ngenxa yengcindezi yokwehluka kwemizwa nobulili
(njengokwethula kwesishicilelo sesi-5 Somqulu Wamanani Okuxilongwa Kwezifo
Zengqondo sezi-2022) kanye nempicabadala ngobulili (njengokuchaza
Kwenhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba ohlelweni lwesifo lomhlaba onyakeni wezi-2022,
i-ICD-11) okubukeka kuqondiswe esimweni sakamuva socwaningo esiveza ukuthi
ukwehluka kobulili sekubalimaze kanjani abantu ngabodwana kulesi sikhathi. Kule
minyaka esanda kudlula kube nokunyuka okukhulu kubantwana abasemabangeni
okukhula abaxilongwe batholakala bekule mpicabadala yobulili. Ukukhula kwale
mpicabadala ibonakala emiphakathini nasezingxoxweni ezivutha uphondo mayelana
nobulili nengqubo ehambisana nabo. Noma kukhona ukungaboni ngasolinye kulezi
zingqubo, ukukhula kwabemukelayo ukwehluka kwabantu ngezinhlobo
zokuzikhethela ubulili kuyaqapheleka emhlabeni jikelele, kuhambisana nokuvumbuka
kwabantu abaqinisekisa nanezempilo ezeseka ukwamukelwa kwezinhlobo zobulili
ezahlukene emkhakheni wezempilo. Akubona bonke abantwana abasebangeni
lokukhula abathintekayo kule mpicabadala yobulili, abanye basheshe babonakale
besebancane ukuthi bayiluphi uhlobo lobulili, nokuthi imizwa yabo ingakuluphi
uhlangothi, noma bazibona bengena ngaphansi kwamaphi amaqembu emphakathini,
okumbandakanya ukukhathazeka nokucindezeleka. Ezokwelapha zesikhathi esidlule
nemiqulu yocwaningo esibhalilwe isiveze imingcele edinga ukuqashelwa
ngokwehluka kwezinhlobo zobulili kubantwana abasebangeni lokukhula. Abantwana
abasebangeni lokukhula nabantwana nje bonke bebengafakiwe ezinhlelweni
zokwelapha ezinemihlahlandlela nezimiso zokunakekela ezikhishwe Inhlangano
Yezemikhakha Yomhlaba Yokuguqulwa Kobulili Yezempilo (i-WPATH), lena
inhlangano yomhlaba ebeka izimiso zokunakekeleka nezokwelashwa kokuguqulwa
kobulili. Eminyakeni esanda kudlula i-WPATH ilethe iziphakamiso zokungenelela
kwezokwelasha kubantwana abasebangeni lokukhula nabantwana basebancane
abanobulili obunesidingo sokuqondiswa. Lokhu kunonembe lokuhamba ngonyawo
lonwabu noma ukuba mbalwa kwamathuba okwelashwa okwenza impicabadala
yobulili iqhubekele phambili kubantwana abasebangeni lokukhula nasebantwaneni
abasebancane. Ukungenelela kusesemabangeni aphansi okukhula kutholakale
kunomphumela omuhle ekwelekeleleni umqondo nobuyena umntwana,
nokwamukeleka kwakhe emphakathini kanjalo nokwakhekha kwezicubu zomzimba ezihambelana nobulili abuncamelayo nazizwa eyiyona umntwana. Ngaphandle
kwezincomo zokungenelela kwabezokwelapha umntwana esemncane, kunebanga
umntwana okufanele uma esefike kulona akwazi ukuzibona emukeleka ebulilini
obuthize ngokwenziwa kwezinhlelo ezelekelelayo okugcine kuwudaba olusabhungwa
futhi olubucayi emikhakheni yezomthetho neyezempilo.
Lo mqulu wocwaningo uhlonze izinselelo ezimbalwa zezomthetho ezigqashula
izibopho zokufinyelela kubantwana abasebangeni lokukhula abadinga ukwelekelelwa
ukuze baqiniseke ubulili babo ngokwezempilo eNingizimu Afrikha. Ukuhogela
imikhondo ekuqhathanisweni kwesendlalelo somthetho nalokho kokubili,
ukulungiselela kusenesikhathi nezimiso ezinqabayo mayelana nokuhlelelwa
kokuqinisekisa ubulili ngokuqaphela e- Australia, eNgilandi, e-New Zealand, e-
Canada naseDenmark, lo mqulu wocwaningo unikeza imibandela yezivumelwano
zokuthi ezomthetho zaseNingizimu Afrikha zibe nesisekelo esilawula ukuqinisekisa
kobulili ngokwezokwelashwa nokunakekela okuhambisana nezifiso zabantwana
abasebangeni lokukhula abanenselelo yale mpicabadala yobulili. Ukuze kuzanywe
isixazululo, lo mqulu wocwaningo uqala ngokuhlola usebenzisa izinjulakuhlola
ezihambisana nezifiso zabasemabangeni okukhula, ubheka nezimvume
nokwelashwa nokunakekelwa. Okunye lo mqulu wocwaningo uphetha ngokwethula
iziphakamiso eziya emkhakheni wezomthetho oqhathanisa ukuhlaziya okuyikona
okunikeza isisekelo esinzulu ngokulandelwa kwendlela yokufinyelela kubantwana
abasebangeni lokukhula ukufinyelela ekwelashweni okumayelana nokuqinisekisa
kobulili nokwelashwa. Lesi sisekelo sizophumelelisa izingxoxo ezinohlonze nemibono
eqhubezela phambili ukwabelana ngezimvo nokuthatha izinqumo ngabantwana
abasemabangeni okukhula ukufinyelela ekwelashweni okumayelana nokuqinisekisa
ubulili, ukwelashwa nokuqhubekela phambili. Ngasekuphethweni lo mqulu wethula
ukuthi kungafinyelelwa kanjani ekwelashweni okumayelana nokuqinisekiswa kobulili
nokwelashwa okuhambisana nezinsizakusebenza okumele zesekwe ngamalungelo
abantu, kuqiniswe nangokwethulwa kwenkombandlela ebeka izidingo zabantwana
phambili.LL. D.Jurisprudenc
Support for women with alcohol addicted relatives in the parish : an investigation in the Lutheran Church of Kurhessen-Waldeck
Get PDFAbstracts in German, English and SothoDie zentrale Problematik der Studie setzt bei den schädigenden Wirkungen des Alkohol-konsums an. In den letzten Jahren lag bei den Menschen in Deutschland ein gesundheitlich riskanter Alkoholkonsum vor, was u. a. zu sozialen Schwierigkeiten führt und auch die christlichen Kirchen betrifft. Die Thesis erforscht die Frage im eingegrenzten Forschungsgebiet von Frauen mit alkoholabhängigen Angehörigen innerhalb der Evangelische Landeskirche Kurhessen-Waldeck (EKKW). Der empirische Ansatz umfasst eine quantitative Online-Forschung mit Pfarrern und qualitativen Experteninterviews mit Suchtberatern und Kirchenvorstehern.
Zu den markanten Einzelergebnissen der Thesis zählt die Tatsache, dass Alkohol-abhängigkeit und Co-Abhängigkeit sowohl in der Gesellschaft als auch in den Ortsgemeinden der EKKW bei den geistlichen Verantwortungsträgern als Tabu-Themen gelten und nicht genügend wahrgenommen werden. In Bezug auf die spezielle Angehörigenproblematik von Frauen liegt nachweislich ein Desiderat vor, was sowohl für die Lehrbücher der Praktischen Theologie als auch auf der Handlungsebene in der Poimenik und Diakoniewissenschaft gilt.
Der Beitrag der Thesis weist sowohl auf die erarbeitete Grundlagenforschung der poimenischen und psychologischen Theorie- und Therapiekonzepte als auch auf die sozial-diakonischen Erkenntnisse und den empirischen Befund zurück. Die Bedeutung der gewonnenen Einsichten für die universitären Pfarrerausbildung mit ihrem Curriculum der Praktischen Theologie wird auf der Handlungsebene in den seelsorgerlich-diakonischen Disziplinen nachgewiesen. Außerdem liegt es im Zuge des Reformprozesses der EKD jetzt nahe, die Exklusion von Frauen mit alkoholabhängigen Angehörigen im sozial-missionarischen Kontext der lokalen wie regionalen strukturell-organisierten Landeskirchen, vor allem durch ein neues Kirchenverständnis zu überwinden. Die Erschließung neuer Erfahrungsräume im Problemhorizont der vorliegenden Thesis ist in Bezug zu Jesus Christus und seiner Werte über das bisher vertraute Terrain hinaus notwendig.The central problem of this study deals with the harmful effects of alcohol consumption. In recent years, people in Germany have been consuming alcohol in a way that is risky to their health, which among other things leads to social difficulties and affects people in Christian churches. The thesis explores the topic in the limited research area of women with alcohol- dependent relatives within the Protestant Church of Kurhessen-Waldeck. The empirical approach includes quantitative online research with pastors as well as qualitative expert interviews with addiction counsellors and church leaders.
One of the striking individual results of the thesis is the fact that alcohol addiction and co-dependency are considered taboo topics and are not sufficiently perceived – neither in society nor in the local congregations of the Protestant Church of Kurhessen-Waldeck among the spiritual leaders. With regard to the specific problem of women's relatives, there is a demonstrable lack of research in the textbooks on practical theology as well as on the level of action in poimenics and diaconal studies.
The contribution of this thesis points back to the elaborated basic research of the poimenical and psychological theory and therapy concepts as well as to the social-diaconal insights and the empirical findings. The value thereof for the pastoral training at universities with its curriculum of Practical Theology is proven on the operational level in the pastoral-diaconal disciplines. In addition, in the course of the reform process of the Protestant Church of Germany, it is now self-evident that the exclusion of women with alcohol-dependent relatives must be overcome in the social-missionary context of the local as well as the structurally organised regional churches, especially through a new understanding of the church. In light of the problem areas presented in this thesis it is necessary to open up new experiential spaces beyond the familiar terrain in relation to Jesus Christ and his values.Bothatabogolo bja dinyakišišo tše ke go ahlaahla diabe tše kotsi tša go nwa bjala. Mo mengwageng ye e sa tšwago go feta, batho ka Germany ba be ba enwa bjala ka tsela yeo e lego kotsi go maphelo a bona, gomme se gareng ga tše dingwe se feletša ka mathata a tša leago le go ama batho ka dikerekeng tša Sekhriste. Thesese ye e lekodišiša hlogotaba ye ka lekaleng le lennyane la dinyakišišo la basadi bao ba nago le ba leloko bao e lego makgoba a bjala ka gare ga Kereke ya Protestante ya Kurhessen-Waldeck. Mokgwa wa dinyakišišo tša tiragalo o akaretša dinyakišišo tša bontši tša inthaneteng le baruti gammogo le dipoledišano le ditsebi tša dinyakišišo tša boleng le baeletši ba makgoba a bjala le baetapele ba dikereke.
Ye nngwe ya dipoelo tšeo di gogilego šedi tša thesese ye ke ntlha ya gore bokgoba bja bjala le go bota bjala di bonwa bjalo ka dihlogotaba tša bohlola ebile ga di nyakišišwe ka fao go lekanego – e sego ka setšhabeng goba le ka diphuthegong tša kgauswi tša Kereke ya Protestante ya Kurhessen-Waldeck gareng ga baetapele ba sedumedi. Mabapi le bothata bjo itšego bja ba leloko la basadi, go na le tlhokego ye e bonagalago ya tlhokego ya dinyakišišo ka go dipuku tša go bala mabapi le theolotši ya tiragatšo gammogo le go maemo a kgato ye e tšewago ka go dinyakišišo tša phethagatšo ya theolotši le tša boruti.
Seabe sa thesese ye se šupa morago go dinyakišišo tša motheo tšeo di laeditšwego tša teori ya phethagatšo ya theolotši le ya menagano gotee le dikgopolo tša kalafo ya menagano gammogo le go tsebo ya setšhaba ka ga tša boruti le dikutollo tša dinyakišišo. Boleng ka fao bja tlhahlo ya tša boruti ka diyunibesithing ka lenaneothuto la yona la Phethagatšo ya Theolotši bo bonagala maemong a tiragatšo ka go dithuto tša thuto ya sedumedi le ya boruti. Godimo ga fao, ka nakong ya tshepedišo ya phetogo ya Kereke ya Protestante ya Majeremane, bjale go molaleng gore go se akaretše basadi bao ba nago le ba leloko bao e lego makgoba a bjala go swanetše go fedišwa ka seemong sa thuto ya sedumedi go setšhaba sa kgauswi gammogo le ka go dikereke tša dilete tšeo di beakantšwego go ya ka sebopego sa tšona, kudukudu ka go diriša kwešišo ye mpsha ya kereke. Ge go lebeletšwe makala ao a nago le bothata ao a hlagišitšwego ka mo gare ga thesese ye go a hlokagala gore re bule dikgoba tše diswa tša maitemogelo go feta maemo ao re a tlwaetšego mabapi le Jesu Khriste le ditlhologelo tša gagwe.D. Phil. (Practical Theology)Practical Theolog
Importance of gender equity management strategy on performance of female managers : a case of EBMTC
Get PDFGender equality has been a topic of discussion for several decades, and has, in recent
years, gained even more prominence due to increased attention from various
authorities such women empowerment. This study explored the importance of gender
equity management strategy on performance of female managers and suggests some
recommendations on how EBMTC can achieve gender equality in leadership
positions. Currently, women represent 35% of the leadership positions at EBMTC
which is below the industry norm of at least 42% and South African population of 68
million people. The study adopted a qualitative research approach where semistructured
interviews were used for data collection from a sample of n=8 participants
using the purposive sampling technique. The research was conducted in October 2023
amongst The elicited inferences were analysed thematically in line with inductive
reasoning. The findings reveal significant challenges that relate to gender biases,
stereotypes, and unequal access to opportunities, hindering decision-making, project
assignments, and career advancement. Some of these challenges are grounded on
societal norms and culture while others are steeped on corporate environment, e.g.
the proverbial glass ceiling and “boys’ club” culture at work. Despite existing gender
equality strategies, such as equal pay policies and flexible work arrangements,
persistent gaps persist. The study emphasizes the urgent need for tailored
interventions, particularly Leadership Development Programs, mentorship, and
sponsorship initiatives, to address these challenges and foster a more inclusive workplace at EBMTC.M.B.A.Graduate School of Business Leadershi
A framework for agricultural extension practices among farmers with disabilities in Ghana
Get PDFThe main aim of this study was to develop a comprehensive framework for improving agricultural extension practices among farmers with disabilities (FWDs) in Ghana. To achieve this, specific objectives were set to analyse: demographic and socio-economic determinants of extension service contacts of FWDs, challenges faced by FWDs with key associated factors, determinants of farm income of FWDs, and agricultural extension mediations that could enhance agricultural practices among FWDs. The study is organised into six chapters, covering topics from introduction to conclusions and recommendations. Data were collected in 2022 from all 16 regions of Ghana using a questionnaire administered to a randomly selected sample of 386 FWDs and 62 Agricultural Extension Officers (AEOs) who work directly with FWDs, and analysed using statistical software such as SPSS, STATA, and Excel. Analyses included descriptive statistics and inferential/regression analyses. The Fractional Outcome Regression Model analysed the determinants of FWDs’ access to agricultural extension services per year. A Multiple Linear Regression Model assessed the influence of agricultural extension practices/services and other socio-economic/demographic factors on the farm income of FWDs. Factors associated with the six essential challenges faced by FWDs were assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Key findings indicated that most FWDs were male (68.7%), 43% had no formal education, and varied types of disabilities were present, with physical disability being the most predominant. Several challenges were identified, including discrimination, feelings of inferiority, and lack of tailored programs for FWDs. The Fractional Outcome Model identified major determinants influencing FWDs’ access to extension services as age, participation in Farmer-Based Organizations (FBOs), and years of farming experience. The Multiple Linear Regression analysis found that participation in non-farm activities, land size, the proportion of inputs purchased, and the proportion of products sold were crucial determinants of FWDs' annual farm income. Correlation analyses showed significant associations between various challenges faced by FWDs and several factors. For instance, poor building design was correlated with factors such as the source of disability and number of household dependents, while discrimination against FWDs correlated with gender and household headship, among others. The study identified several effective agricultural extension mediations, including home visits, provision of tools, and supply of farm inputs, which were positively perceived by FWDs. A cohesive and actionable framework was developed for FWDs in Ghana, emphasizing social inclusion, economic empowerment, and personalized interventions. This framework advocates for inclusive policies addressing anti-discrimination and equitable resource access, informed by demographic variables such as age, FBO membership, and farming experience. It underscores the need for capacity building of AEAs, focusing on disability awareness and gender-sensitive communication, and recommends community engagement programs to reduce stigma and foster cooperation among FWDs, AEAs, and local communities. The study also calls for investment in adaptive farming technologies and the implementation of a robust monitoring and evaluation system to continuously refine these interventions. International collaboration is encouraged to facilitate knowledge exchange and best practices, while establishing sustainable funding mechanisms, including grants and microfinance, tailored to FWDs' needs. These multifaceted recommendations aim to integrate FWDs into the national agricultural development strategy, enhancing the sector's inclusivity, effectiveness, and resilience.Agriculture and Animal Healt
A strategic framework for managing substance abuse amongst adolescent learners in girls schools
No full textAbstracts in English, Afrikaans and ZuluThis study investigated the management of substance abuse at a girls school. The researcher
used a qualitative approach and designed the research as a single case study. Multiple data
collection methods such as literature study, in-depth interviews, focus groups and qualitative
questionnaires were used. This allowed triangulation, which ensured the validity and reliability
of the research. To ensure the sampling of information-rich participants, criterion-based
purposive sampling was used. The research findings on current management practices, factors
that contribute to substance abuse, reasons for and effects of substance abuse and a strategic
framework for managing substance abuse were based on an analysis of legal prescripts and
information extracted through interviews, focus group discussions, and questionnaires. From
the literature, it is evident that current trends in substance abuse management strategies in
schools include the use of generic prevention approaches such as information dissemination,
affective education and alternatives programming. Common intervention measures currently
employed by schools include SBIRT, CRAFFT screening tool, the Student assistant
programme, Project CHOICE, Curriculum in a box and school-based health centres. Involving
school counsellors and educators was identified as essential to ensure effective regressionprevention.
The fieldwork further brought to the fore that substance abuse was on the rise at
School A. Participants indicated that they do not have knowledge of the relevant legal prescripts
regarding the management of substance abuse. Factors that hamper learners at School A’s
regression-prevention include individual variables such as psychiatric comorbidity, a lack of
family interest, continued influence of substance-using peers and poor coping skills. It was further found that there were insufficient affordable, easily accessible rehabilitation facilities,
school counsellors and psychologists to provide expert help to learners involved in substance
abuse. Learner participants emphasized in particular the need for their parents to play a more
active role in their lives and to work with the school. The findings were used to inform the
development of a strategic framework for managing substance abuse amongst adolescent
learners in schools for girls. The constituting elements of this strategic framework covered
prevention, intervention, and regression-prevention strategies. The strategy was not only
informed by the empirical findings, but also by the law and policy framework in which
substance abuse should be managed as well as the theories on the causes of substance abuse
and on substance abuse prevention, intervention, and regression-prevention. The law and policy
framework focuses on substance abuse as a human rights, school safety, school health, and school discipline issue. The theoretical framework focuses on generic and specific strategies
for prevention, intervention, and regression-prevention.Hierdie studie ondersoek die bestuur van substansiemisbruik by 'n meisieskool. Die navorser
het 'n kwalitatiewe benadering gebruik en die navorsing as 'n enkele gevallestudie ontwerp.
Veelvuldige dataversamelingsmetodes soos literatuurstudie, diepgaande onderhoude,
fokusgroepe en kwalitatiewe vraelyste is gebruik. Dit het triangulasie moontlik gemaak wat die
geldigheid en betroubaarheid van die navorsing verseker het. Om die steekproefneming van
inligtingryke deelnemers te verseker, is kriteriagebaseerde doelgemaakte steekproefneming
gebruik. Die navorsingsbevinding oor huidige bestuurspraktyke, faktore wat tot
substansiemisbruik bygedra het, redes vir en uitwerking van substansiemisbruik en 'n
strategiese raamwerk vir die bestuur van substansiemisbruik is gegrond op 'n ontleding van
wettige voorskrifte en inligting wat uit onderhoude, fokusgroepe en vraelyste verkry. Uit die
literatuur is dit duidelik dat huidige neigings in bestuurstrategieë vir substansiemisbruik in skole
die gebruik van generiese voorkomingsbenaderings soos verspreiding van inligting,
doeltreffende onderrig en alternatiewe programme insluit. Algemene intervensiemaatreëls wat
tans by skole gebruik word, sluit SBIRT, CRAFFT-siftingshulpmiddel, die studenteassistentprogramprojek
CHOICE, kurrikulum-in-'n-boks en skoolgebaseerde
gesondheidsentrums in. Deur skoolberaders te betrek, is opvoeders as noodsaaklik
geïdentifiseer om doeltreffende regressievoorkoming te verseker. Die veldwerk het verder
aangedui dat substansiemisbruik by Skool A toegeneem het. Deelnemers het aangedui dat hulle
nie kennis van die relevante wettige voorskrifte vir die bestuur van substansiemisbruik het nie.
Faktore wat leerders by Skool A se regressievoorkoming verhinder het, sluit individuele
veranderlike soos psigiatriese komorbiditeite, gebrek aan gesinsbelange, volgehoue invloed van
portuur wat substansies gebruik en swak hanteringsvaardighede in. Daar is verder bevind dat
daar onvoldoende bekostigbare, toeganklike rehabilitasiefasiliteite, skoolberaders en
sielkundiges is om kundige hulp te bied aan leerders wat by substansiemisbruik betrokke is. Deelnemende leerders het spesifiek die behoefte beklemtoon dat hul ouers 'n meer aktiewe rol
in hul lewens moet speel en saam met die skool moet werk. Die bevinding is gebruik om 'n
strategiese raamwerk oor substansiemisbruik onder tiener leerders in meisieskole te ontwikkel.
Die elemente van hierdie strategiese raamwerk sluit voorkoming-, intervensie- en
regressievoorkomingstrategieë in. Die strategie is nie net deur die empiriese bevindings
beïnvloed nie, maar ook deur die wet en beleidraamwerk waarin substansiemisbruik bestuur
moet word asook die teorieë oor die oorsaak van substansiemisbruik en oor voorkoming,
intervensie en regressievoorkoming van substansiemisbruik. Die wet en beleidraamwerk fokus op substansiemisbruik as 'n menseregte-, skoolveiligheids-, skoolgesondheids- en
skooldissiplinekwessie. Die teoretiese raamwerk fokus op die generiese en spesifieke strategieë
vir voorkoming, intervensie en regressievoorkomingLolu cwaningo luphenye ngokuphathwa kwezidakamizwa esikoleni esinamantombazane
kuphela. Umcwaningi usebenzise indlela yekhwalithethivu noma yesimo wabe eseklama
ucwaningo lwakhe njengocwaningo lwesigameko. Kusetshenziswe izindlela eziningi zokuqoqa
idatha noma imininingwane njengocwaningo lwezincwadi, izingxoxo ezijulile eziyi-inthavyu,
amaqembu okugxilwe kuwo kanye nohlu lwemibuzo olusezingeni eliphezulu. Lokhu
kwavumela ukuqinisekisa ulwazi ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, okuqinisekisa ukufaneleka
nokwethembeka kocwaningo. Ukuqinisekisa amasampula anolwazi olucebile
lwababambiqhaza, kusetshenziswe amasampula okuhloswe ngawo okusekelwe kumbandela.
Okutholwe ocwaningweni ngezinqubo zokuphatha zamanje, izizathu nemiphumela
enomthelela ekusebenziseni kabi izidakamizwa, kanye nohlaka lwesu lokulawula
ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa kusekelwe ekuhlaziyweni kwemiyalelo yezomthetho
nolwazi olukhishwe kuma-inthavyu, izingxoxo zamaqembu okugxilwe kuwo, kanye nohlu
lwemibuzo. Kusukela emibhalweni, kuyabonakala ukuthi izitayela zamanje zamasu okulawula
ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa ezikoleni zihlanganisa ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela
zokuvimbela ezijwayelekile ezifana nokusatshalaliswa kolwazi, imfundo eyimpumelelo
nezinye izinhlelo. Izindlela zokungenelela ezivamile ezisetshenziswa izikole njengamanje
zifaka i-SBIRT, ithuluzi lokuhlola i-CRAFFT, Uhlelo Lokusiza Lwabafundi, UKUKHETHA
Iprojekthi, Ikharikhulamu esebhokisini kanye nezikhungo zezempilo ezisekelwe ezikoleni.
Kubandakanya abeluleki bezikole, kuye kwahlonzwa othisha njengababalulekile ababalulekile
ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugwema uhlelo lokuzisola okuphumelelayo. Umsebenzi waphinde
waveza ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa kuyanda eSikoleni A.. Ababambiqhaza
babonise ukuthi abanalo ulwazi lwemithetho efanelekile ephathelene nokulawulwa
kokusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa. Izinto ezithikameza ukugwema uhlelo lokuzisola
kwabafundi eSikoleni A zihlanganisa okuguquguqukayo okufana nokugula ngengqondo, ukuntula uthando noma intshisekelo yomndeni, umthelela oqhubekayo kontanga abasebenzisa
izidakamizwa kanye namakhono angemahle okubhekana nezinkinga. Kuphinde kwatholakala
ukuthi izinsiza ezifinyelelekayo ngokwezimali ezanele, izinsiza zokuhlunyeleliswa kwezimilo
noma ukuziphatha azifinyeleleki kalula, abeluleki bezikole kanye nongoti bezengqondo ukuze
banikeze usizo lochwepheshe kubafundi ababandakanyeka ekusebenziseni kabi izidakamizwa
abatholakali kalula. Abafundi ababambe iqhaza bagcizelele ikakhulukazi isidingo sokuthi
abazali babo babambe iqhaza elibonakalayo ezimpilweni zabo futhi basebenze nesikole.
Imiphumela yasetshenziswa ukwazisa ukwakhiwa kohlaka lwesu lokulawula ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa phakathi kwabafundi abasakhula ezikoleni zamantombazane kuphela.
Izingxenye ezakha lolu hlaka lwesu zihlanganisa ukuvimbela, ukungenelela, namasu
okuvimbela uhlelo lokuzisola. Lelisu alizange lenziwe nje kuphela ngalokho okutholwe
ngokoqobo, kodwa ngomthetho kanye nohlaka lwenqubomgomo okufanele kulawulwe ngalo
ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa kanye nemibono ngezimbangela zokusebenzisa kabi
izidakamizwa kanye nokuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kabi kwezidakamizwa, ukungenelela,
kanye nokuvimbela uhlelo lokuzisola. Umthetho kanye nohlaka lwenqubomgomo lugxile
ekusebenziseni kabi izidakamizwa njengamalungelo abantu, ukuphepha kwesikole, impilo
yesikole, kanye nodaba lokuziphatha esikoleni. Uhlaka lwethiyori lugxile kumasu ajwayelekile
kanye naqondile okuvimbela, ukungenelela, nokuvimbela ukuzisola.Ph. D. (Education Management)Educational Leadership and Managemen
An evaluation of the role of waste pickers in municipality solid waste management at greater Letaba Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa
Get PDFText in English with abstract in Sepedi and TsongaWaste pickers are underappreciated despite playing a significant part in reducing the amount of solid waste dumped in landfills and generating value from the rubbish produced by others. Many people from underprivileged and low-income communities work as rubbish collectors and sorters, selling recovered items to the recycling sector. The purpose of this study was to assess waste pickers' contribution to the management of municipal solid waste in South Africa's Limpopo Province's Greater Letaba Municipality (GLM). Waste generated from GLM is disposed at Tzaneen Landfill Site at cost, due to a lack of an operational landfill site in the area. GLM Landfill Site at Maphalle was still under development at the time of the study. Observation was used in the qualitative approach, and records from weighbridges and recycling facilities and a questionnaire with closed questions were used in the quantitative approach. Fifty waste pickers participated in the study. The data was analysed using SPSS.
The results were obtained from the data records at Tzaneen Landfill Site. The records of waste bought and sold by a buyback centre at Tzaneen Landfill Site indicate that 4 455 tonnes of recyclables were reclaimed between July 2019 and June 2020, and 3 656 tonnes from July 2020 to June 2021. This is a total of 8 121 tonnes of recyclable materials that were reclaimed over the 24-month period. Due to access restrictions to the Tzaneen Landfill Site in 2020 because of COVID-19 regulations, it is anticipated that kerb-side reclamation and reclamation of waste from other areas may have had a larger contribution to the quantities of waste reclaimed during 2020. The waste at the buyback centre in Tzaneen Landfill Site comes from different areas. The results from the survey/questionnaire for the waste pickers included demographic information. The results show that more males were inspired to practise recycling than females. Due to unemployment and the need for an income for their families, they were looking for a source of income to support their families. The types of waste collected and sorted by waste pickers, according to the volumes, are as follows: Cans at 36%, bottles at 22%, boxes at 20% and plastics at 18%. The survey indicates that waste collected annually ranged from 1–10 tonnes in 2023, which is the lowest, to 501–900 tonnes in 2023 and more.This shows that waste pickers are reclaiming solid waste collected from different areas, such as central business districts, households, industries and other areas. A significant contribution was made in terms of diverting recyclable waste from the landfill site.Ke ka sewelo fao batopi ba ditlakala ba fiwago tlhompho ka lebaka la karolo ye bohlokwa yeo ba e bapalago mo go direng gore go dirwe tše di botse ka ditlakala tšeo di tšweleditšwego ke ba bangwe le go ba le seabe phokotšong ya ditlakala tše di tiilego mafelong a bolahladitlakala. Palo ye kgolo ya batho go tšwa ditšhabeng tšeo di hwetšago megolo ya fase le tšeo di hlokago e iphediša ka go kgoboketša le go hlopha ditlakala gomme ka morago tša rekišetšwa intaseteri ya go risaekela ditlakala tšeo di kgobokeditšwego. Nyakišišo ye e sekaseka karolo yeo e kgathwago ke batopi ba ditlakala ka go taolo ya mmasepala ya ditlakala tše di tiilego ka Mmasepaleng wa Greater Letaba (GLM) ka Profenseng ya Limpopo, Afrika Borwa. Ditlakala tšeo di tšwago go GLM di lahlelwa Bolahladitlakala bja Tzaneen ka ditshenyagalelo, ka lebaka la go hloka bolahladitlakala bjoo bo šomago ka lefelong leo. Bolahladitlakala bja GLM kua motseng wa Maphalle bo be bo sa ntše bo mpshafatšwa nakong ya nyakišišo. Mokgwa wa go lebelela o šomišitšwe go mokgwa wa khwalithethifi, gomme direkhoto tša go tšwa maporogong a keloboima le mafelong a borisaekelelo le lenaneopotšišo leo le nago le dipotšišo tše di tswaletšwego di šomišitšwe go mokgwa wa khwalithethifi. Batopi ba ditlakala ba masomehlano ba kgathile tema mo nyakišišong ye. Datha e sekasekilwe ka go šomiša SPSS.
Dipoelo di hweditšwe go tšwa direkhotong tša datha ka Bolahladitlakaleng bja Tzaneen. Direkhoto tša ditlakala tšeo di rekilwego le go rekišwa ke lefelo la go reka gape Bolahladitlakaleng bja Tzaneen di laetša gore ditone tše 4 455 tša dilo tšeo di kago risaekelega di kgobokeditšwe gare ga Julae 2019 le June 2020, le ditone tše 3 656 go tloga ka Julae 2020 go fihla ka June 2021. Ye ke palomoka ya ditone tše 8 121 ya ditlakala tšeo di ka risaekelegago tšeo di kgobokeditšwego mo lebakeng la dikgwedi tše 24. Ka lebaka la COVID-19, go bonala eka kgoboketšo ya ditlakala ka thoko ga tsela le kgoboketšo ya ditlakala go tšwa mafelong a mangwe e bile le seabe se segolo go bontši bja ditlakala tšeo di kgobokeditšwego ka 2020. Ditlakala tša lefelong la go reka gape ka Bolahladitlakaleng bja Tzaneen di tšwa mafelong a go fapana. Dipoelo tša sabeyi/lenaneopotšišo la batopi ba ditlakala di akareditše tshedimošo ya palo ya batho. Dipoelo di laetša gore ke banna ba bantši bao ba hlohleleditšwego go risaekela go feta basadi. Ka lebaka la tlhokego ya mešomo le tlhokego ya letseno la malapa a bona, ba be ba nyaka mothopo wa letseno go fepa malapa a bona. Mehuta ya ditlakala tšeo di kgoboketšwago le go hlopša ke batopi ba ditlakala, go ya ka dibolumo, ke ye e latelago: Dithini ka 36%, mabotlelo ka 22%, mapokisi ka 20% le dipolasitiki ka 18%. Disabeyi di laetša gore ditlakala tšeo di kgoboketšwago ngwaga ka ngwaga di tlogile go ditone tše 1–10 ka 2023, yeo e lego fase kudu, go ya go ditone tše 501–900 ka 2023 le go feta. Se se laetša gore batopi ba ditlakala ba kgoboketša ditlakala tše di tiilego tšeo di kgobokeditšwego go tšwa mafelong a go fapana, go swana le dileteng tša kgwebo tša bogare, malapeng, diintastering le mafelong a mangwe. Go bile le seabe se segolo mabapi le go fapoša ditlakala tšeo di ka risaekelegago go tšwa bolahladitlakala.Varhwalelathyaka a va tekeriwi enhlokweni naswitsanana eka xiave xa nkoka lexi a va xi tlangaka eka ku tumbuluxa nkoka kusuka eka thyaka leri endliwaka hi van'wana na le ka ku hoxa xandla eka ku hunguta thyaka ro tiya etindhawini ta matala. Tinhlayo letikulu ta vanhu kusuka eka miganga ya malinghena ya le hansi na leyi pfumatiweke ti hanya hi ku rhwalela na ku ava thyaka kutani endzhakukaswona ti xavisa timatheriyali leti kumekeke hi vuntshwa eka indhasitiri yo vuyelerisa. Ndzavisiso lowu a wu lava ku kambela xiave xa varhwalelathyaka eka malawulelo ya thyaka ro tiya ya masipala eka Masipala wa Greater Letaba (GLM) lowu kumekaka eka xifundzakulu xa Limpopo, Afrika-Dzonga. Thyaka leri endliweke kusuka eka GLM ri cukumetiwa eka Ndhawu ya Tala ya Tzaneen hi ku hakela mali, hikwalaho ka mpfumaleko wa ndhawu ya tala endhawini leyi. Ndhawu ya Tala ya GLM eka Maphalle a ya ha ri eku tumbuluxiweni hi nkarhi wa ndzavisiso lowu. Nxiyaxiyo wu tirhisiwile eka endlelo ra risima, naswona tirhekodo kusuka eka mabiloho yo pima na miako yo vuyelerisa na khwexinere leswi nga na swivutiso swo pfaleka swi tirhisiwile eka endlelo ra mpimo. Makumentlhanu wa varhwalelathyaka va teke xiave eka ndzavisiso lowu. Switiviwa swi xopaxopiwile hi ku tirhisa SPSS.
Mivuyelo yi kumekile kusuka eka tirhekodo ta switiviwa eka Ndhawu ya Tala ya Tzaneen. Tirhekodo ta thyaka leri ri xaviweke na leri xavisiweke hi senthara yo xava hi vuntshwa eka Ndhawu ya Tala ya Tzaneen ti komba leswaku 4 455 wa tithani ta swivuyelerisiwa ti kumiwile hi vuntshwa exikarhi ka Mawuwana 2019 na Khotavuxika 2020, na 3 656 wa tithani kusuka hi Mawuwana 2020 kufika hi Khotavuxika 2021. Lowu i ntsengo wa 8 121 wa tithani ta timatheriyali leti vuyelerisiwaka leti ti kumiweke hi vuntshwa eka nkarhi wa 24 wa tin'hweti. Hikwalaho ka swipimelo swa mfikelelo eka Ndhawu ya Tala ya Tzaneen hi 2020 hikwalaho ka swinawana swa COVID-19, swi languteriwile leswaku ku kumeka hi vuntshwa eka tlhelo leri nga na rihika na ku kumeka hi vuntshwa ka thyaka kusuka eka ndhawu tin'wana swi nga ha va swi hoxile xandla swinene eka mitsengo ya thyaka leri kumekeke hi vuntshwa hi nkarhi wa 2020. Thyaka eka senthara yo xava hi vuntshwa eka Ndhawu ya Tala ya Tzaneen ri huma etindhawini to hambanahambana. Mivuyelo kusuka eka mbalango/khwexinere ya varhwalelathyaka yi katse vuxokoxoko bya xidemogirafiki. Mivuyelo yi komba leswaku vaxinuna vo tala va hlohlotelekile ku endla mbuyeleriso kutlula vaxisati. Hikwalaho ka mpfumaleko wa mitirho na xidingo xa malinghena emindyangwini ya vona, a va lava xihlovo xa malinghena ku tundzela mindyangu ya vona. Mixaka ya thyaka leri rhwaleriweke na ku aviwa hi varhwalelathyaka, hi ku ya hi tivholomu, yi hi ndlela leyi landzelaka: Swikotela eka 36%, mabodhlela eka 22%, mabokisi eka 20% na tipulasitiki eka 18%. Mbalango lowu wu komba leswaku thyaka leri hlengeletiweke lembe na lembe ri nava kusuka eka 1–10 ra tithani hi 2023, leti ti nga tona leti nga ehansihansi, kufika eka 501–900 wa tithani hi 2023 na kutlula. Leswi swi komba leswaku varhwalelathyaka va kuma thyaka ro tiya leri rhwaleriweke kusuka eka tindhawu to hambanahambana, to tanihi tindhawu ta le xivindzini xa doroba, miti, tiindhasitiri, na tindhawu tin'wana. Vuhoxaxandla byo tivikana byi endliwile hi ku ya hi ku hambukisa thyaka leri vuyelerisiwaka kusuka eka ndhawu ya tala.M. Sc. (Environmental Management)Environmental Science
Teacher preparedness to implement inclusive education in mainstream classrooms in a selected combined school in South Africa
Get PDFText in English with summaries and keywords in English, Mandarin Chinese and isiZuluThis study aimed to establish teachers’ preparedness to implement inclusive education in mainstream classrooms in a selected combined school in South Africa. It was significant in Foundation to Senior Phases in mainstream classrooms to ensure that the principles and guidelines of inclusive education were implemented to promote learners’ academic success, and thus decrease the failure rate. Although inclusive education policies have been visible for many years, their implementation has been gradual and mired in bureaucracy. A more streamlined approach to implementing inclusive education policies is needed. The appropriate educational theories and the Foundation Phase curriculum and assessment policies underpinned this qualitative study based on a single case study research design. The case identified was located in the ordinary quintile 5 public combined school in the Pinetown District. Data was gathered through a pre-planned questionnaire (containing open-ended questions), semi-structured interviews, and document analysis. Five school management team members and four Foundation Phase (Grades R – 3) teachers were individually interviewed or participated via online interviews. The participants were purposively selected by the researcher to provide insight regarding the implementation of an inclusive education framework at the combined school. Document analysis was conducted by perusing curricula (Mathematics, English Home Language, and Life Skills), assessment policies, EWP 6, SIAS, and lesson plans. Thematic analysis was applied to analyse the responses from the questionnaires and interviews. Bronfenbrenner's theory was considered to understand the reciprocal interconnectedness and relationship of teacher-preparedness and its impact on inclusive learners at a mainstream combined school in South Africa. The findings from the study revealed that both teachers and SMTs believed that they were neither adequately prepared to implement inclusive education in mainstream classrooms, nor skilfully trained to teach learners with varying challenges. Further, the SIAS policy was not fully utilised. While all teachers were encouraged and supported positively by the SMT to implement and promote inclusion, the support offered by the SBST and DBST was superficial. The reality of not having a visible and responsive SBST/DBST as a support structure becomes a barrier for both teachers and learners alike. The DBE efforts to train teachers to improve their practice, have been few and largely ineffective. One major challenge is the lack of resources which hinders learners with physical impairments to access classrooms, toilets, and sporting facilities. The study recommends that the DBE should urgently prioritise continuous professional development workshops, the provision of relevant teacher resources, and promoting hands-on methods to demonstrate to teachers’ strategies to assist learners experiencing barriers to learning. This is possible when all role-players collaborate to commit to an action plan to modify and upgrade existing infrastructure (among others) to fully accommodate inclusive learners. The findings of this study should guide efforts for tangible transformation. This will benefit teacher-efficacy, and accommodate all learners, especially those who are marginalised.本研究旨在确定教师在南非选定的一所综合学校的主流课堂中实施全纳教育的准备情况。 在主流课堂的基础到高中阶段，确保全纳教育的原则和指导方针得到实施，以促进学习者的学业成功，从而降低失败率，具有重要意义。
尽管全纳教育政策已经出台多年，但其实施却是渐进的，并深陷官僚主义的泥潭。 需要采取更简化的方法来实施全纳教育政策。 适当的教育理论以及基础阶段课程和评估政策支撑了这项基于单个案例研究设计的定性研究。 发现的病例位于派恩敦区的一所普通五分之一公立综合学校。通过预先计划的调查问卷（包含开放式问题）、半结构化访谈和文件分析收集数据。 五名学校管理团队 成员和四名基础阶段（R 至 3 年级）教师接受了单独访谈或通过在线访谈参与。 研究人员有目的地选择参与者，以提供有关合并学校实施全纳教育框架的见解。 通过仔细阅读课程（数学、英语母语和生活技能）、评估政策、EWP 6、SIAS 和课程计划来进行文档分析。
采用主题分析来分析问卷和访谈的答复。 Bronfenbrenner的理论被认为可以理解教师准备的相互关联性和关系及其对南非主流混合学校包容性学习者的影响。研究结果显示，教师和 SMT 都认为，他们既没有为在主流课堂上实施全纳教育做好充分准备，也没有接受过熟练的培训来教授面临不同挑战的学习者。 此外，SIAS 政策并未得到充分利用。 虽然 SMT 积极鼓励和支持所有教师实施和促进包容性，但 SBST 和 DBST 提供的支持却很肤浅。 没有可见且积极响应的 SBST/DBST 作为支持结构的现实成为教师和学习者的障碍。 DBE 为培训教师改进实践所做的努力很少，而且基本上没有效果。 一项主要挑战是缺乏资源，这阻碍了有身体障碍的学习者进入教室、厕所和体育设施。 该研究建议 DBE 应紧急优先考虑持续专业发展研讨会，提供相关教师资源，并推广实践方法，向教师展示帮助遇到学习障碍的学习者的策略。 当所有角色参与者合作致力于制定一项行动计划来修改和升级现有基础设施（等等）以充分适应包容性学习者时，这是可能的。
这Lolu cwaningo beluhlose ukusungula ukulungela kothisha ukusebenzisa imfundo ebandakanyayo emakilasini ajwayelekile esikoleni esikhethiwe esihlanganisiwe eNingizimu Afrika. Bekubalulekile ezigabeni eziyisisekelo kuya kweziphezulu emakilasini ajwayelekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imigomo nemihlahlandlela yemfundo ebandakanyayo iyasetshenziswa ukuze kuthuthukiswe impumelelo yabafundi ezifundweni zabo, ngaleyo ndlela kwehle izinga lokufeyila.
Nakuba izinqubomgomo zemfundo ebandakanya wonke umuntu sezineminyaka eminingi zibonakala, ukuqaliswa kwazo bekulokhu kuhamba kancane futhi kucwile ezikhundleni zokuphatha. Kudingeka indlela ehleleke kakhudlwana yokuqaliswa kwezinqubomgomo zemfundo ebandakanya wonke umuntu. Amathiyori ezemfundo afanelekile kanye nekharikhulamu yeSigaba Sabokheko kanye nezinqubomgomo zokuhlola zisekele lolu cwaningo lwekhwalithi olusekelwe ekwakhiweni kocwaningo lwesibonelo esisodwa.
Icala elihlonziwe latholakala esikoleni esijwayelekile sika-quintile 5 esihlangene esifundeni sasePinetown. Idatha yaqoqwa ngohlu lwemibuzo oluhlelwe kusengaphambili (oluqukethe imibuzo evulekile), izingxoxo ezihlelwe kancane, nokuhlaziywa kwemibhalo. Amalungu amahlanu ethimba labaphathi bezikole kanye nothisha abane beSigaba Sabantu (Banga R – 3) baxoxwa ngabodwana noma babamba iqhaza ngezinhlolokhono ze-inthanethi. Abahlanganyeli bakhethwe ngenhloso umcwaningi ukuze anikeze ukuqonda mayelana nokuqaliswa kohlaka lwemfundo ebandakanya wonke umuntu esikoleni esihlanganisiwe. Ukuhlaziywa kwamadokhumenti kwenziwa ngokufunda ikharikhulamu (Izibalo, Ulimi Lwasekhaya LwesiNgisi, Namakhono Empilo), izinqubomgomo zokuhlola, i-EWP 6, i-SIAS, nezinhlelo zezifundo.
Kusetshenziswe ukuhlaziya isihloko ukuze kuhlaziywe izimpendulo ezivela kuhlu lwemibuzo nezingxoxo. Ithiyori kaBronfenbrenner yayibhekwa njengokuqonda ukuxhumana okuhambisanayo kanye nobudlelwano bokulungela uthisha kanye nomthelela wako kubafundi ababandakanya wonke umuntu esikoleni esihlangene esijwayelekile eNingizimu Afrika.
Okutholwe kulolu cwaningo kuveze ukuthi bobabili othisha kanye nama-SMT bakholelwa ukuthi bebengakulungele ngokwanele ukuqalisa imfundo ebandakanya wonke umuntu emakilasini ajwayelekile, noma baqeqeshwe ngamakhono ukuze bafundise abafundi abanezinselele ezahlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inqubomgomo ye-SIAS ayizange isetshenziswe ngokugcwele. Nakuba bonke othisha babekhuthazwa futhi besekelwa kahle i-SMT ukuze iqalise futhi ikhuthaze ukufakwa, ukusekelwa okunikezwa i-SBST ne-DBST kwakungagcini nje. Iqiniso lokungabi nayo i-SBST/DBST ebonakalayo nesabelayo njengesakhiwo sokusekela kuba isithiyo kubo bobabili othisha nabafundi ngokufanayo. Imizamo ye-DBE yokuqeqesha othisha ukuze bathuthukise ukusebenza kwabo, ibe mincane futhi ayiphumelelanga. Enye inselelo enkulu ukuntuleka kwezinsiza okuvimbela abafundi abakhubazekile ukuba bafinyelele emakilasini, izindlu zangasese kanye nezindawo zemidlalo.
Ucwaningo luncoma ukuthi i-DBE kufanele isheshe ibeke eqhulwini izinkundla zokucobelelana ngolwazi eziqhubekayo zokuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe, ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsiza zothisha ezifanele, kanye nokukhuthaza izindlela zokubonisana kothisha amasu okusiza abafundi abahlangabezana nezithiyo ekufundeni. Lokhu kungenzeka uma bonke ababambiqhaza besebenzisana ukuze bazibophezele ohlelweni lokusebenza lokushintsha nokuthuthukisa ingqalasizinda ekhona (phakathi kokunye) ukuze kuhlaliswe abafundi bonke. Okutholwe yilolu cwaningo kufanele kuqondise imizamo yoguquko olubambekayo. Lokhu kuzohlomulisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kothisha, futhi kuvumele bonke abafundi, ikakhulukazi labo ababukelwa phansi.Educational Studie
The Feasibility Of Securitization In Greening Bank Financial Statements
Get PDFDespite strong projections of imminent rising temperatures in the 21st century, a small fraction of banking assets flows towards green financing. The study aims to establish the feasibility of greening bank statements using the securitization technique. A document analysis was carried out on banks' statements of financial position. A purposive sampling of the top 40 banks by assets is employed. Commitments by the 40 largest banks by assets were obtained from their annual reports. The European securitization forum website provides the securitization issuance data. A green coverage model was formulated to determine the amount of climate-linked assets covered by the green commitments. A gap in coverage with a maximum of 40% was established.
Regression analysis of the relationship between asset sizes and green financing commitments displayed a weak, nonetheless positive link between the variables. The null hypothesis stipulating no relationship between the variables was tested and rejected. The data supported the hypothesis that the value of securitization issuances is inadequate to green the financial statements. However, the feasibility of banks achieving green financing targets by increasing green finance coverage or current commitments with a disproportionate increase in brown-backed securitized assets was evident
Determinants of successful trading of outbound oranges produced in the Limpopo province, South Africa
Get PDFSuccess in international trade of oranges for the Limpopo province’s citrus farmers remains a difficult task as phytosanitary constraints and other cultural practices continue to pose serious threats within the citrus supply chain. Based on the said backdrop, a pragmatic study was conducted from September 2020 to September 2021 to identify the determinants of successful trading of outbound oranges produced from the citrus farms in the Limpopo province of South Africa. The study used the mixed methods research design which includes both quantitative and qualitative methods. The first part of the study employed the positivism philosophy, deductive approach, quantitative methodological choice, the survey strategy with cross-sectional time horizon to collect data from the respondents. A standardized questionnaire was administered to 215 sample of citrus producers who were randomly selected from the four production regions (Groblersdal, Hoedspruit, Letsitele and Vhembe) in the study area. The qualitative aspect was in the form of a workshop for further inputs from farmers in developing the framework for increased outbound orange export. The software computer programme used to analyse the data of the study was the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (Version 28.0.). The descriptive statistics, the Multinomial Logistics Regression Model, the Poisson Regression Model, and the Tobit Regression Model were used for the statistical analyses of the study. The study employed Descriptive Statistics to identify the general (demographic and socio-economic) characteristics of farms/farmers. The Poisson Regression Model was used to assess the determinants of orange losses with respect to cultural practices, the multinomial logistic regression model was used to analyse the determinants of modes of disease control used by the citrus farmers, and the Tobit regression model was used to analyse the main factors associated with the successfully traded export oranges produced from citrus farms in the study area. The results of the descriptive statistics of the respondents showed that gender, age group, and education were the most influential factors in the study area. The results of the multinomial regression model indicated that factors such as age group, education, and transport modes were statistically significant. The Poisson Regression Model results indicated that factors such as storage mode, transport mode, farm age and the type of labour used by the respondents were statistically significant. The results of the Tobit regression model showed that factors such as age group, farm ownership, type of labour and transport mode were statistically significant. Overall, the results of this study disagree with the hypothesis that the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of citrus farms do not influence the level of losses of orange outputs with respect to cultural practices. The study results also disagree with the notion that the demographic and socio-economic characteristics of farmers/farms and cultural modes do not significantly influence successful traded outbound oranges from farms in the Limpopo province. Based on the outcome of this study, a framework for the successful trade of export oranges has been developed to serve as a guide to export orange producers in the Limpopo province and provide the basis for informed policy decisions by the government and relevant stakeholders. Overall, this study recommends that the Limpopo province citrus industry can trade successfully if they can consider using the developed framework of this study.Agriculture and Animal Healt