21838 research outputs found
Sort by
Determinants of challenges of smallholder and emerging sheep and goat farmers in Thabo Mofutsanyana district municipality, Free State Province
Get PDFText in EnglishDeveloping countries rely heavily on smallholder and emerging farmers to ensure food security but despite this, farmers face many challenges that hinder them from producing efficiently, forcing them to focus on home consumption over market-driven farming, to ensure a sustainable and self-reliant farming practice. Smallholder farmers remain with challenges in securing capital to purchase agricultural inputs, pay for transport to sell agricultural outputs, and to invest in agricultural machinery. Sometimes farmers find themselves in difficult situations where they are forced to get credit from illegal moneylenders, at high interest rates or sell their produce at a reduced price to receive cash, and they still need to cover their expenditure for survival. Amongst others, farming resources, land as well as comprehensive agricultural support restrict smallholder and emerging farmers' access to valuable markets. The aim of this study was to identify and analyse the determinants of challenges of smallholder and emerging sheep and goat farmers in the study area by highlighting key factors in order to create an enabling environment for the farmers to improve livestock management, production, income and valuable markets. A stratified random sampling technique was used to select 145 participants from a pool sampling frame of 251 participants. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the data by interviewing 145 selected smallholder farmers. The Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS), version 28.0, was used to analyse the data. Descriptive statistics and the probit regression model were used to analyse the determinants of the managerial, production, marketing and financial challenges for smallholder and emerging sheep and goat farmers. The results of the study show that only 19% of the participants had business plans and the absence of business plans impacted on farm and livestock management negatively. The probit results indicated that the age of the respondents, off-farm activities and access to market information had a positive and significant association with managerial challenges. This implies that the older a farm owner gets the more they will likely experience managerial challenges. It is recommended that youth and women must be encouraged to engage in sheep and goat farming for better management and that farmers must focus their attention on livestock farming instead of off-farm income-generating activities. The Department of Agriculture and municipalities should initiate extension programme that focus on farm and livestock management as well as access to market information. Furthermore, the results indicate that 89% of farmers aspire to increase production, however challenges such as size of land (29%), distance to the market (21%) and no access to the market (17%) are some of the factors that hinder farmers from achieving their goal of increasing scale of production. The results also indicate that 42% of farmers do not receive veterinary services while about 63.4% do not access feed in times of drought. Additionally, the results indicate that age, size of household, level of education, role of respondent, farm management records, cost per trip to the market, total number of sheep sold in 2019 have a positive and significant association with production challenges, with all other factors held constant. This implies that the older a farm owner gets the more likely they will experience production challenges. To manage production challenges, farmers need the support of younger people i.e., youth in the farm and must hire farm managers and utilise farm management records effectively. The more a farmer spends on trips to the market, they are more likely they will experience marketing challenges. An increasing size of household negatively impacts on farmers’ finances and time as a farmer will dedicate the two to the family instead of on farm production. Farmer must not sell sheep in high numbers so that they do not compromise the breeding herd.
The study’s results indicate that only 28% of participants have received financial support from the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (DARD), while 17.12% of participants applied for loans and about 8% of loan applications were rejected. The results revealed that access to financial support impacts negatively on the farm and livestock business. Furthermore, the probit results indicated that gender, age, level of education, engage in off-farm income generating activity, have farm business plan, access to agricultural information, size of land, cost per single trip to the market, total number of sheep sold have a positive and significant association with financial challenges. It is therefore recommended that farmers be encouraged to have business plan, sell more sheep, and focus on the farm instead of off-farm income generating activities for better financial management. DARD and municipalities should initiate funding programmes that focus on farm, sheep, and goat livestock as well as production. The results also show that 59% of respondents indicated that there are other markets closer to the farm than where they are currently selling livestock and 63% of farmers have access to market information. Distance to the market, being unable to supply required quantities and not having contracts with markets are amongst the reasons for farmers not being able to supply other markets closer to their farm. The results indicate that from the challenges experienced, of respondents have a challenge with the size of land (15%), lack of transport (12%) and lack of finance (3%). Therefore, the results suggests that amongst others, farmers who are involved in day-to-day operations of the farm and have access to market information have a negative and significant association with marketing challenges, with all other factors held constant. The results indicate that the respondents have identified markets that are closer to their farms than where they are currently selling; however, majority of the respondents are selling their produce at the local market and around the community to avoid spending a lot of money per trip to the market. The findings also show that access to market information can improve farmers’ marketing challenge if used effectively.M. Sc. (Agriculture)College of Agriculture and Environmental Science
Evaluation of microextraction methods followed by inductively coupled plasma optical-emission spectroscopy for the quantitave determination of mercury from selective fossil fuels and their derivatives
Get PDFMicroextraction sample preparation methods are miniaturized formats which contributes to green approaches in Analytical Chemistry. They are mainly characterized by the minimum use of organic solvents.
The aim of this research work was to develop environmentally friendly sample preparation methods followed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy for the determination of mercury in fossil fuels and their selected derivatives. Three different sample preparation methods were developed and applied for this purpose. These three different sample preparation methods were microwave-assisted hydrogen peroxide digestion, vortex assisted deep eutectic solvent based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and ultrasound-assisted magnetic dispersive solid phase microextraction.
Multivariate optimization tools were employed for the optimization of the most influential parameters for the three different sample preparation methods. For microwave-assisted hydrogen peroxide digestion, the optimized parameters were sample mass, digestion time, temperature, hydrogen peroxide concentration and methionine concentration. The vortex-assisted deep eutectic solvent based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction optimized parameters were sample pH, extraction time, extractant volume, disperser solvent volume and centrifugation time. Finally for ultrasound-assisted magnetic dispersive solid phase microextraction, the optimized conditions were adsorbent mass, sonication time, pH, eluent concentration and elution time. The analyses were conducted using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy.
The three methods were validated by analyzing NIST SRM 2778 with certified mercury concentration levels of 38.98 μg/kg ±1.10 μg/kg. The recoveries obtained were 93-107 %, 99.9 % and 105 % for microwave-assisted hydrogen peroxide digestion, vortex-assisted deep eutectic solvent based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and ultrasound-assisted magnetic dispersive solid phase microextraction, respectively. The limits of detection and limits of quantification obtained were 0.25 μg/L and 0.80 μg/L for microwave-assisted hydrogen peroxide digestion respectively. For vortex-assisted deep
ix
eutectic solvent based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction, they were 0.025 μg/L and 0.083 μg/L and for ultrasound-assisted magnetic dispersive solid phase microextraction were 0.035 μg/L and 0.119 μg/L, respectively. A good precision of less than 5 % was achieved for all the three different sample preparation methods.
The validated sample preparation methods were applied in real fossil fuels which were coal and crude oil. The methods were also applied in real crude oil derivatives which were gasoline, diesel oil and kerosene. Coal samples were obtained in triplicates from a coal mine in Mpumalanga, South Africa, while crude oil samples were obtained in triplicates from a petrochemical company in Johannesburg, South Africa. Crude oil derivatives were obtained from three local filling stations around Johannesburg, South Africa. The concentrations obtained were 0.876±0.023-0.975±0.025 μg/g in coal samples, 0.383±0.043-0.510±0.09 μg/g for crude oil samples, 0.306±0.010-0.390±0.035 μg/g for gasoline samples, 0.360±0.003-0.434±0.050 μg/g for diesel oil samples and 0.09±0.09-0.098±0.02 μg/g for kerosene samples.
The three different microextraction sample preparation methods were successfully developed and applied in fossil fuels and their selected derivatives prior to quantification of mercury using inductively coupled-plasma optical emission spectroscopy.M. (Chemistry)Chemistr
Search for new particles in events with a hadronically decaying W or Z boson and large missing transverse momentum at s = 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector
No full textAbstract A search is presented for new particles produced in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV that result in final states comprising a massive vector (W or Z) boson that decays hadronically and large missing transverse momentum. The data sample was collected with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider from 2015 to 2018 and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1. No significant excess over the Standard Model expectation is observed. Model-independent 95% confidence-level limits on the visible cross-section that range from 0.3 fb to 79.5 fb are obtained for non-Standard-Model processes. Exclusion limits are also presented for models with axion-like particles, for two-Higgs-doublet models with a pseudo-scalar mediator between the Standard Model and the dark sector, for the invisible decay of the Higgs boson and for pair-produced weakly interacting dark matter candidates
Exploring teachers’ perceptions of a teaching portfolio as a transformative approach to realising an academic legacy
No full textAbstract in English, Afrikaans and SepediThis study explores teachers’ perceptions, within a South African context, of a teaching portfolio as a tool to realise a transformed teaching approach that will inspire an academic legacy. A teaching portfolio is known to record a journey of growth and development. What seems to be the trend is that it is not fully understood, thus indicating a missed opportunity for optimal development for both teaching and learning. Understanding the exact value of a teaching portfolio as a transformational tool in professional development, is of key importance to this study.
This study has a qualitative research approach and is a phenomenological case study. The sample of twelve is representative of teaching at a large, independent tertiary institution and selected by convenience, purposeful and by snowball sampling method. All participants were experienced in using a teaching portfolio for professional development. The rich data were collected through individual one-to-one interviews, with a focus group as well as textual document analysis. Data analysis was done using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), coding and themes.
Findings of this study indicate that with understanding, support and a high standard of valuable initial training, a teaching portfolio can become an essential tool to inspire a heutagogical experience of immense value in transforming one’s teaching approach, through continuous professional development across a lifetime. Perceptions garnered reported evidence of teaching of the highest calibre and on a standard of excellence as well as expertise, being experienced in a self-actualising way. A high standard of success was witnessed and reported on by the participants for their learners, for the learner’s careers and for their life achievements as well as for the greater teaching, training and the learning community. It is seen to influence teachers and learners in a deep way for the rest of their lives. This is a constructive finding for professional and personal development, for a professional teaching approach, as well as an academic legacy of the highest standard, being realised by means of a teaching portfolio.Hierdie studie ondersoek die persepsies van onderwysers, binne 'n Suid -Afrikaanse konteks, van 'n onderrigportefeulje as 'n instrument om 'n getransformeerde onderrigbenadering te verwesenlik wat 'n akademiese nalatenskap sal inspireer. Dit is bekend dat 'n onderrigportefeulje 'n reis van groei en ontwikkeling aanteken. Wat die neiging blyk te wees, is dat dit nie ten volle verstaan word nie, wat 'n gemiste geleentheid vir optimale ontwikkeling vir beide onderrig en leer aandui. Dit is van kardinale belang vir hierdie studie om die presiese waarde van 'n onderrigportefeulje as 'n transformasionele instrument in professionele ontwikkeling te verstaan.
Hierdie studie het 'n kwalitatiewe navorsingsbenadering en is 'n fenomenologiese gevallestudie. Die steekproef van twaalf is verteenwoordigend van onderrig by 'n groot, onafhanklike tersiêre instelling en gekies deur gemak, doelgerig en volgens sneeubalmonsterneming. Al die deelnemers was ervaar in die gebruik van 'n onderrigportefeulje vir professionele ontwikkeling. Die ryk data is versamel deur individuele een-tot-een-onderhoude, met 'n fokusgroep sowel as tekstuele dokumentanalise. Data-analise is gedoen met behulp van interpretatiewe fenomenologiese analise (IPA), kodering en temas.
Bevindinge van hierdie studie dui aan dat 'n onderrigportefeulje met begrip, ondersteuning en 'n hoë standaard van waardevolle aanvanklike opleiding 'n noodsaaklike instrument kan word om 'n heutagogiese ervaring van geweldige waarde te inspireer om 'n mens se onderrigbenadering te transformeer, deur voortdurende professionele ontwikkeling oor 'n leeftyd. Persepsies het berig dat daar bewyse is van die onderrig van die hoogste kaliber en op 'n standaard van uitnemendheid sowel as kundigheid, wat op 'n selfaktualiserende manier ervaar word. 'n Hoë standaard van sukses is deur die deelnemers vir hul leerders, vir die leerder se loopbane en vir hul lewensprestasies sowel as vir die groter onderrig, opleiding en die leergemeenskap aangemeld. Dit word gesien dat hulle onderwysers en leerders op 'n diep manier beïnvloed vir die res van hul lewens. Dit is 'n konstruktiewe bevinding vir professionele en persoonlike ontwikkeling, vir 'n professionele onderrigbenadering, sowel as 'n akademiese nalatenskap van die hoogste standaard, wat deur middel van 'n onderrigportefeulje gerealiseer word.Thuto ye e hlahloba temogo ya barutiši, ka gare ga seemo sa Afrika Borwa, ya potefolio ya go ruta bjalo ka sedirišwa sa go lemoga mokgwa wa go ruta wo o fetotšwego wo o tlago hlohleletša bohwa bja thuto. Potefolio ya go ruta e tsebja go ngwala leeto la kgolo le tlhabollo. Seo se bonagalago e le tshekamelo ke gore ga e kwešišwe ka botlalo, ka go realo e laetša sebaka seo se fetilwego sa tlhabollo ye e loketšego bobedi go ruta le go ithuta. Go kwešiša boleng bjo bo nepagetšego bja potefolio ya go ruta bjalo ka sedirišwa sa phetogo tlhabollong ya profešene, go na le bohlokwa bjo bogolo go nyakišišo ye.
Thuto ye e na le mokgwa wa nyakišišo ya boleng gomme ke nyakišišo ya mohlala ya phenomenological. Sampole ya lesomepedi ke moemedi wa go ruta setheong se segolo, se se ikemetšego sa thuto ya godimo gomme se kgethilwego ka go ba bonolo, se se nago le morero le ka mokgwa wa go tšea mehlala ya kgwele ya lehlwa. Batšeakarolo ka moka ba ile ba ba le maitemogelo a go šomiša potefolio ya go ruta bakeng sa tlhabollo ya profešene. Datha ye e humilego e kgobokeditšwe ka dipoledišano tša motho ka o tee ka o tee tša motho ka o tee ka o tee, ka sehlopha sa nepo gammogo le tshekatsheko ya ditokomane tša sengwalwa. Tshekatsheko ya datha e dirilwe ka go šomiša tshekatsheko ya phenomenological ya tlhathollo (IPA), go ngwala dikhoutu le dihlohlo.
Dikutollo tša nyakišišo ye di laetša gore ka kwešišo, thekgo le maemo a godimo a tlhahlo ya bohlokwa ya mathomo, potefolio ya go ruta e ka ba sedirišwa sa bohlokwa go hlohleletša maitemogelo a heutagogical a boleng bjo bogolo go fetošeng mokgwa wa go ruta wa motho, ka tlhabollo ya profešene ye e tšwelago pele go ralala le bophelo ka moka. Ditemogo di ile tša kgoboketša bohlatse bja go ruta bja maemo a godimodimo le ka maemo a bokgoni gammogo le bokgoni, go ba le maitemogelo ka tsela ya go itirela selo. Maemo a godimo a katlego a ile a bonwa le go begwa ke batšwasehlabelo bakeng sa barutwana ba bona, bakeng sa mešomo ya moithuti le bakeng sa diphihlelelo tša bona tša bophelo gammogo le bakeng sa go ruta mo gogolo, tlwaetšo le setšhaba sa go ithuta. E bonwa e tutuetša barutiši le baithuti ka tsela ye e tseneletšego bophelo bja bona ka moka.
Ye ke sephetho se se agago sa tlhabollo ya profešenale le ya motho ka noši, bakeng sa mokgwa wa go ruta wa profešenale, gammogo le bohwa bja thuto bja maemo a godimodimo, bjo bo lemogwago ka go diriša potefolio ya go ruta.PhD. (Adult Education)College of Educatio
Guidelines to improve access, utilization, and quality maternal health services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
No full textBackground: The access, utilization and quality of maternal health services are significant to mother and child survival. The high maternal deaths rate in Ethiopia and the insufficient maternal healthcare system necessitate a thorough assessment and understanding of the factors influencing these issues.
Purpose: The purpose of this research was to develop guidelines for the enhancement of maternal health services in Addis Ababa by assessing availability, utilization, and identifying factors influencing these aspects.
Methods: The study was carried out using a mixed-method study approach as well as a convergent mixed-methods design. Respondents were from five public hospitals and 10 health centres in Addis Ababa. The quantitative sample was drawn from women attending antenatal care, postnatal care and those who had recently delivered. Stratified and systematic random sampling was used to select the sample for the quantitative study. The population of the qualitative study was midwives working from the health facilities who were selected purposively. Data was collected using questionnaires from the facility checklists, women attended maternity care services, and interviews from the midwives. A record review of maternal records was also conducted. Descriptive and inferential statistics using IBM SPSS version 26, were used to analyse quantitative data. The qualitative data were analysed using ATLAS. ti version 23. Ethical approval was obtained from the University of South Africa College Of Human Sciences Ethics Review Board.
Result: The results of this study revealed 82.2% of maternal healthcare service availability and an overall utilization of maternal health services of 70.8%. The quality of maternal healthcare was rated at 61.3% of expected quality. The provided guidelines to
iii
improve maternal healthcare services include resource allocation, creating awareness, effective communication and use of technology, using national channels, providing training, evaluations of care, improving feedback and designating change management and monitoring officials for maternal health services.
Contributions to maternal health guidelines: This study contributes to maternal health guidelines in Ethiopia by linking both qualitative and quantitative findings to key areas for improvement. It highlights the importance of midwives with specialized training in managing complex cases and improving communication, recommending expanded midwifery support. The study also identifies gaps in emergency obstetric care and family planning services, urging targeted resource allocation to address these needs. Quantitative findings emphasize infrastructure deficiencies and unequal resource distribution, suggesting a focus on improving service accessibility. Additionally, the study advocates for enhanced data collection and healthcare provider training to strengthen the healthcare system and improve maternal and newborn health outcomes, guiding focused interventions by health authorities and practitioners.
Conclusion: This study highlights the essential role of midwives and the need for system-wide improvements in maternal healthcare in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. By integrating quantitative and qualitative data, it reveals that midwifery training, healthcare infrastructure, and socio-cultural factors are crucial for improving maternal health outcomes. The study identifies gaps in service availability, such as malaria prevention and family planning, and advocates for transforming the maternal healthcare system into a more holistic, integrated model. Effective collaboration between health facilities and the community, along with skilled care, particularly midwifery, is vital for the successful implementation of the guidelines, ensuring better access to high-quality maternal healthcare.D. Phil. (Public Health)Health Studie
An exploration of the role of South African Police Service forensic experts in cyber-crime investigations in Tshwane, Gauteng
No full textThe complexity of cybercrime investigations has brought about a challenge for investigators in applying traditional investigative techniques and methods in evidence collection and preservation. The rise of cybercrime in South Africa has highlighted the need for more specialised investigators in cybercrime investigations in South Africa. The aim of this research study is to highlight the importance of having a computer expert present during a cybercrime investigation for the purpose of collecting and preserving digital evidence.
The researcher adopted a qualitative approach for this study. The study included face to face interviews with cybercrime investigators within the SAPS and a literature review, which involved the review of books, journals, news articles, caselaw judgments, SAPS Cybercrime reports, research papers, and internet searches to gain a more in-depth understanding of the role of cybercrime forensic experts in cybercrime investigations.
Moreover, the study made the following findings:
• Identified statutory frameworks that empower the use of a forensic expert in cybercrime investigations.
• Requirements for the admissibility of digital evidence deposed by a forensic expert.
• Identified statutory requirements for search and seizure of digital evidence.
• Requirements for a person to be regarded as a cybercrime forensic expert.
Based on the findings of the study, the role of a cybercrime forensic expert in cybercrime investigations is guided by statutory frameworks through evidence collection and admissibility of digital evidence in court. The study makes a significant contribution to the practice of cybercrime investigations by emphasising the importance of having a computer forensic expert present during cybercrime investigations for the purpose of collecting and preserving digital evidence.M.A. (Criminal Justice)Police Practic
Exploring the multidimensional experiences of well-being among mature adults living in old-age residential care facilities in KwaZulu-Natal
No full textText in English, Southern Sotho and AfrikaansThis study aimed to explore the multidimensional experiences of well-being of mature
adults residing in old-age residential care facilities. There is a rapid increase of the
ageing population, which has become a global concern. The well-being of mature
adults extends beyond the aspects of physical well-being, and includes challenges
related to social, spiritual and mental well-being. Health care, support, autonomy, self actualisation, hope, optimism, a sense of belonging and having a purpose in life are
all relevant concerns of mature adults in old-age residential care settings. This
research was embedded in a phenomenological case study design within the
constructivist paradigm. I used questionnaires, semi-structured and open-ended
interviews, focus group discussions, document analysis and field notes to gather data.
Thematic content analysis was employed to analyse the data obtained from mature
adults and caregivers at the residential care facilities. I made use of purposive
sampling, and selected three old-age residential care facilities in Durban, KwaZulu Natal to conduct research. The study participants were purposively selected and
consisted of 20 participants from each residential care facility, 15 mature adults and 5
caregivers. Findings show that the mature adult participants experienced many health
challenges which impacted on their well-being. Chronic illnesses are inhibiting factors
which significantly affected their quality of life, causing physical decline and diminished
functionality. This study also found that the participants living in long-term facilities
suffered unpleasant repercussions from a lack of family support, which left them
vulnerable to the emergence of depressive symptoms, negative emotions, and frailty.
However, social bonding and social engagement had a positive impact on the well being of the participants, increasing their social capital, and establishing significant
friendships. In residential care settings, the general well-being of the elderly depends
on the cooperative efforts of a multidisciplinary team made up of physicians, nurses,
carers, psychologists, and social workers. There is a need for more research to be
conducted in other regions of South Africa to make comparison with the findings of
this study. Future research should use both qualitative and quantitative methods to
study the well-being experiences of mature adults in old-age residential care facilities,
as this would provide comprehensive data on the factors that impact the well-being of
mature adults and elucidate the challenges facing the elderlyDipolatefomong tsa dijithale tsa mehleng ya sejwalejwale, mekgatlo ya lekala la
mmuso naheng ya Ghana e na le bothata ba ho ikopanya le setjhaba ka ditsela tse
bohlokwa tseo ho ngollanwang le ho fana lesedi ho tsona. Diwebsaete tse
sebediswang ke dikgwebo, tsa mekgatlo ya lekala la mmuso Ghana ke disebediswa
tsa bohlokwa tsa ho laola le ho fetisetsa lesedi setjhabeng (PR) ka ha di sebetsa e le
dipolatefomo tsa ho ngollana le ho fetisetsana lesedi le ho ba le dikamano le setjhaba
seo di se fang ditshebeletso. Le ha ho le jwalo, disebediswa tse ntjha tsa media
hangata di sebediswa ka ditsela tsa kgale tsa ho romellana lesedi, ha ditlwaelo tse sa
kgemeng le dinako tsa jwale di sebediswa kgafetsa dipolatefomong tse ntjha tsa
media. Ka lebaka leo, ka kutlwisiso ya theori ya ho kgothalletsa puisano pakeng tsa
mmui le momamedi, phuputso ena e sisinya dikarolo tsa moralo wa mohopolo oo ho
fuputswang ka oona wa websaete ya kgwebo jwalo ka ha e le sesebediswa sa PR sa
ho ntshetsa pele puisano ya mmui le momamedi inthaneteng, sa mekgatlo ya lekala
la mmuso ho theha dikamano le ditjhaba tseo e di fang ditshebeletso. Dikarolo tsena
di netefaditswe mekgatlong e mehlano ya lekala la mmuso naheng ya Ghana ho
sebediswa diinthaviu tsa dipotso tse hlophisitsweng le tse sa hlophiswang tse hlokang
dikarabo tse tswang botebong ba maikutlo, mehopolo le diketsahalo tseo motho a
fetileng ho tsona, moqoqo wa sehlopha sa batho ba mmalwa ba buang ka sehlooho
se itseng tlasa tataiso le tlhahlobo ya tlhaloso ya molaetsa o fetiswang ka dikarolo tse
bonahalang tsa diwebsaete tsa yona. Ho itshetlehilwe ka lesedi le fumanwang,
dikarolo tse sisintsweng tsa moralo wa mohopolo oo ho fuputswang ka oona di
hlakisitswe ho ba dipheo tsa boemo bo hodimo tse lebelletsweng ho fihlelwa ka nako
e telele le diketso le mehato e itseng ya nako e kgutshwane e nkwang ho fihlela dipheo
tseo, eo e leng karolo ya ho aha dikamano tse ntle pakeng tsa mekgatlo ya lekala la
mmuso wa Ghana le setjhaba sa yona ha se sebedisa diwebsaete tsa dikgwebo tsa
yona. Phuputso e hlahisa kutlwisiso e ntjha diwebsaeteng tsa kgwebo jwalo ka ha e
le sesebediswa sa PR sa ho ntshetsa pele puisano ya mmui le momamedi inthaneteng
ka ho fana ka bopaki bo tswang lekaleng la mmuso Ghana. Ho feta moo, dikarolo tse
boeleditsweng tsa moralo wa mohopolo oo ho fuputswang ka oona di na le seabo
tselatshebetsong ya ho theha dikamano tse tswelang mokgatlo le setjhaba molemo
lekaleng la mmuso ka ho fana ka tataiso ya kamoo websaete ya kgwebo e
sebediswang ka teng ka tsela e thusang ho atlehisa moralo le ho amana le mokgwa
o reretsweng ho fihlela sephetho ka bobedi, jwalo ka sesebediswa sa inthanete se kgothalletsang puisano pakeng tsa mmui le dihlopha tse itseng tsa batho ba nang le kgahleho dinthong tse etswang ke mokgatlo.Hierdie studie was daarop gemik om die multidimensionele welstandservarings van
ouer volwassenes in residensiële sorgfasiliteite vir bejaardes te verken. Die
verouderende bevolking neem vinnig toe en is ʼn wêreldwye bekommernis. Die
welstand van ouer volwassenes strek verder as die aspekte van fisiese welstand en
sluit in uitdagings wat verband hou met sosiale, geestelike en geesteswelstand.
Gesondheidsorg, ondersteuning, onafhanklikheid, selfaktualisering, hoop, optimisme,
ʼn gevoel van behoort en om ʼn lewensdoel te hê is relevante bekommernisse van ouer
volwassenes in residensiële sorgomgewings vir bejaardes. Hierdie navorsing was
ingebed in ʼn fenomenologiese gevallestudie-ontwerp binne die konstruktivistiese
paradigma. ʼn Doelgerigte streekproeftegniek was gebruik om drie residensiële
sorginstellings vir bejaardes in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, te selekteer. Die deelnemers
aan die studie was doelgerig gekies en daar was 20 deelnemers: 15 ouer volwassenes
en 5 versorgers. Die data was ingesamel met behulp van vraelyste, onderhoude,
fokusgroepbesprekings, dokumentanalise en veldnotas. Tematiese inhoudsanalise
was gebruik om die data te ontleed. Die bevindinge toon dat die ouer volwasse
deelnemers baie gesondheidsuitdagings ervaar het wat hulle welstand beïnvloed het.
Chroniese siektes was belemmerende faktore wat hulle lewensgehalte aansienlik
beïnvloed het en fisiese agteruitgang en verminderde funksionaliteit veroorsaak het.
Hierdie studie het ook getoon dat die deelnemers wat in langtermynfasiliteite gewoon
het onaangename gevolge beleef het weens ʼn gebrek aan gesinsondersteuning, wat
hulle kwesbaar gemaak het vir simptome van depressie, negatiewe gevoelens en
swakheid. In teenstelling daarmee het sosiale verbondenheid en betrokkenheid die
deelnemers se welstand positief beïnvloed, hulle sosiale kapitaal verhoog en
betekenisvolle vriendskappe gevorm. In residensiële sorginstellings hang bejaardes
se algemene welstand af van die samewerking van ʼn multidissiplinêre span van
geneeshere, verpleegsters, versorgers, sielkundiges en maatskaplike werkers.
Longitudinale studies in ander streke van Suid-Afrika word aanbeveel om dit met die bevindinge van hierdie studie te vergelykPhD. (Psychology)Psycholog
Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of staphylococcus species isolated from samples of dogs and humans submitted to diagnostic laboratories in South Africa, 2012 – 2017
No full textStaphylococcus is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria in the family Staphylococcaceae
from the order Bacillales. Under the microscope, they appear spherical, and form
grape-like clusters. Staphylococcus species are facultative anaerobic organisms. This
study investigates the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of
Staphylococcus species from dogs and humans in South Africa between 2012 and
2017, and to identify predictors of AMR and Multi-drug resistance (MDR)Ph.D. (Agriculture)Agriculture and Animal Healt
Isifanekiso sokubalula ngokuqasheka kwabantu abasha abalimele ekhanda ngokwezinga eliphakathi eMzansi Afrika
No full textAbstracts in English, Afrikaans and ZuluOrientation: Industrial and Organisational Psychologists (IOPs) need to assess the employability of persons that as children or adolescents have sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI) of moderate severity (MS). No questionnaire or model in South Africa could be found regarding the employability of young adults (YAs) with TBI of MS who subsequently have invisible impairments, specifically of the executive functions.
Research purpose: The primary aim was to develop a model for predicting the employability of YAs with TBI of MS in South Africa.
Research methodology: An interview protocol was developed based on theory regarding the executive functions of the brain. Twenty-four activity-related behaviours were identified and confirmed by the results of the qualitative study and were used to develop a questionnaire administered to all IOPs registered with the HPCSA as of April 2021, yielding a sample of 85. A model was developed by using the results of the exploratory factor analysis and the partial least squares equation modeling.
Main findings: The study resulted in a psychometrically sound questionnaire and a model for predicting the employability of YAs with TBI of MS in South Africa. Four empirically validated constructs were identified, namely problem solving and decision making, self-confidence, personal accountability, and social and emotional intelligence. These were tested empirically in the model by means of PLS-SEM. Self-confidence was found to be the driver construct with statistically significant direct and indirect effects on the other constructs. The results indicate that the explanatory power of the model is substantial, and that the model has medium predictive power.
Contribution/value-add: Key was the development of a valid and reliable questionnaire to determine the opinions of IOPs regarding the employability of YAs who sustained a TBI of MS, as well as the constructing and testing of a model for predicting the employability of such persons.
Lastly, the findings revealed that the opinions of IOPs working in the psycho-legal field differ significantly from those working in other fields.Oriëntasie: Bedryfs- en Organisasiesielkundiges moet die werkgeskiktheid van persone wie as kinders of adolessente matige traumatiese breinskade opgedoen het bepaal. Geen vraelys of model kon in Suid-Afrika gevind word wat deel met die werkgeskiktheid van jong volwassenes met matige traumatiese breinskade wie na aanleiding daarvan onsigbare inperkings, spesifiek van die uitvoerende funksies, het nie.
Doel van die navorsing: Die primêre doel was om ‘n model te ontwikkel wat die werkgeskiktheid van jong volwassenes met matige traumatiese breinskade in Suid-Afrika te voorspel.
Navorsingsmetodologie: ‘n Onderhoudprotokol was ontwikkel gebaseer op teorie ten opsigte van die uitvoerende funksies van die brein. Vier-en-twintig aktiwiteitsverwante gedrag was geïdentifiseer en bevestig deur die resultate van die kwalitatiewe studie en was gebruik om ‘n vraelys te ontwikkel wat aan al die Bedryfs- en Organisasiesielkundiges geregistreer by die Suid-Afrikaanse Raad vir Gesondheidsberoepe (HPCSA) soos in April 2021, wat ‘n steekproef van 85 opgelewer het. ‘n Model was ontwikkel op grond van die resultate van die verkennings-faktor-analise en die gedeeltelike-minste-vierkante-vergelyking-modellering .
Hoofbevindinge: Die studie het gelei tot ‘n grondige psigometriese vraelys en ‘n model om die werkgeskiktheid van jong volwassenes met matige traumatiese breinskade in Suid-Afrika te voorspel. Vier empiries-bevestigde konstrukte was geïdentifiseer, naamlik probleemoplossing en besluitneming, selfvertroue, persoonlike verantwoordelikheid, en sosiale en emosionele intelligensie, wat empiries getoets is in die model. Daar is bevind dat selfvertroue die drywerkonstruk is met statisties betekenisvolle direkte en indirekte effekte op die ander konstrukte. Die resultate toon dat die onderskeidingsvermoë van die model noemenswaardig is, en dat die model se voorspelbare vermoë middelmatig is.
Bydrae/waardetoevoeging: Sleutel was die ontwikkeling van ‘n geldige en betroubare vraelys om die opinies van Bedryfs- en Organisasiesielkundiges oor die werkgeskiktheid van jong volwassenes met matige traumatiese breinskade te bepaal, sowel as die ontwikkeling en toetsing van ‘n model om die werkgeskiktheid van sodaniges te voorspel. Laastens het die bevindings onthul dat die opinies van Bedryfs- en Organisasiesielkundiges wie in die regs-mediese veld werk betekenisvol verskil van dié wie in ander velde werk.Isendlalelo: Ongoti bengqondo nokuziphatha yezimboni nezenhlangano (IOPs) badinga ukuhlolisisa ukuqasheka kwabantu abalimala ekhanda bebancane noma besakhula ngokwezinga eliphakathi. Asitholakalanga isifanekiso eMzansi Afrika maqondana nokuqasheka kwabantu abalimala ekhanda ngaloluhlobo, imvamisa ababa nokukhubazeka okungabonakali ikakhulukazi ukusebenza kwengqondo.
Inhloso yocwaningo: Inhloso enkulu yalolucwaningo ukwenza isifanekiso esiqagula kahle ukuqasheka kwabantu abasha abalimala ekhanda bebancane noma besakhula ngokwezinga eliphakathi lapha eMzansi Afrika.
Indlela yokwenza ucwaningo: Kwenziwe uhlaka lwenhlolokhono kusetshenziswa ulwazi olunzulu ngendlela ingqondo isebenza ngayo. Zingamashumi amabili nane izindlela zokuziphatha eziphawuliwe zaqinisekiswa ngemphumela yocwaningo zase zisetshenziswa ukwakha unhlolokhono enikezwe kubobonke ongoti bengqondo ababhalisiwe ohlwini lwe HPCSA kusukela ngo April 2021, okukhipha isibalo esingu 85. Isifanekiso senziwe kusetshenziswa imiphumela ye-Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) ne Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).
Okutholakele: Lolucwaningo lukhipe inhlolo ngokwengqondo ephusile nendlela ethembekile maqondana nokuqasheka kwabantu abasha abalimala ekhanda bebancane noma besakhula ngokwezinga eliphakathi eMzansi Afrika. Zine izakhiwo eziqinisekisiwe ngokwamandla zahlolisiswa, okungukuthi: Ukuxazulula izinkinga nokuthatha izinqumo, ukuzithemba, ukuziphendulela komuntu siqu, kanye nobuhlakani bokuphilisana nabantu nobomzwelo. Zone zihloliwe kabanzi kulesisi fanekiso. Ukuzithemba kuhambe phambili kuzozonke futhi kunomthelela kulezi ezinye kwesinye isikhati, osobala noma ofihlekile. Imiphumela iveza ukuthi ikhono lokuchaza lesifanekiso lihle kakhulu kanti sinokuqagula okusezingeni eluphakhathi nendawo.
Ukwenezela: Okubalulekile kwaba ukwakhiwa kohlu lwemibuzo olusebenzayo noluthembekile ukuze kunqunywe imibono yama-IOP mayelana nokuqasheka kwabantu abasha abalimala ekhanda bebancane noma besakhula ngokwezinga eliphakathi, kanye nokwakhiwa nokuhlolwa kwesifanekiso sokubalula kahle ukuqasheka kwabo. Okokugcina, okutholakele kuveze ukuthi imibono yama-IOP asebenza emkhakheni wezomthetho wengqondo yehluke kakhulu kuleyo esebenza kweminye imikhakha.Ph. D. (Psychology)Industrial and Organisational Psycholog
Exploring the role of digital technologies in creating sustainable value chains using circular economy principles for small-scale agripreneurship in South Africa
No full textAbstracts and key words in English, Xhosa and ZuluFood security is a critical global concern, specifically in Africa, where hunger is increasing. Food waste and spoilage are major problems throughout agricultural value chains. The agricultural sector plays a crucial role in dealing with the growing global food insecurity crisis. However, climate change is exacerbating extreme weather events such as droughts, floods and heat waves, which threaten crop and livestock yields in Africa and reduce productivity.
Given this context, the study aimed to explore innovative strategies, particularly through small-scale agripreneurship. It focused on integrating digital technologies and circular economy principles into these ventures to enhance productivity, sustainability and food accessibility. The study also examined the challenges posed by resource constraints, knowledge gaps and climate change on agricultural productivity, which collectively undermine the sector's effectiveness and growth.
The study employed a qualitative research methodology, specifically a phenomenological research design. Data was collected through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Content analysis was applied to the data from interviews and focus group discussions with small-scale agripreneurs, agro-processors and industry experts in South Africa. Through rigorous data analysis, patterns and themes were identified, highlighting the potential of digital technologies and circular economy principles to establish efficient and sustainable agricultural value chains. As a result, the study fills a significant knowledge gap by examining how digital technologies can alleviate food insecurity, reduce unemployment, and enhance socio-economic and environmental well-being. It highlights the transformative potential of digital technology and circular economy principles to improve small-scale agripreneurship in South Africa, despite challenges, such as limited financial and technical resources.
The study introduces an innovative framework that combines digital technologies with circular economy principles, based on the theoretical frameworks of Resource-Based View (RBV) and Natural Resource-Based View (NRBV). The framework aims to enhance the competitiveness of small-scale agripreneurs and address inefficiencies in the value chain, promoting sustainable agricultural practices. The proposed framework emphasises key elements for sustainable small-scale agripreneurship: government support, collaborations, infrastructure, digitalisation, and value chain creation. The findings highlight that government support is essential for developing policies that offer financial aid, training, and incentives for sustainable practices. Moreover, robust collaboration among agripreneurs, government entities, universities, and the private sector are essential for fostering a supportive ecosystem.
The study significantly contributes to the research on promoting sustainable food production systems in Africa, and offers practical recommendations for policymakers, industry practitioners and academia. Future research should focus on the potential of digital technologies for circular economy practices and assess the effectiveness of support programs and policies that promote theirUkhuseleko lokutya yinkxalabo ephezulu kakhulu kwihlabathi jikelele, ngakumbi eAfrika, apho indlala ihlala isanda khona. Ukumoshakala nokonakala kokutya yingxaki enkulu kuyo yonke imveliso yezolimo.
Icandelo lezolimo lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqubulisaneni nengxaki yokunqongophala kokutya kwihlabathi jikelele. Nangona kunjalo, ukutshintsha kwemozulu kwandisa iimeko zemozulu ezimbi kakhulu ezifana nembalela, izikhukhula kunye nobushushu obugqithisileyo, nto leyo ebeka emngciphekweni isivuno sezityalo nemfuyo kwaye inciphisa imveliso eAfrika.
Ngokwa le ntsusa, olu phando belujolise ekuphononongeni izicwangcisoqhinga eziveliswe ngokutsha, ngakumbi kushishino lwezolimo lwabakhasayo. Olu phando belukwajolise ekudibaniseni ubuchwepheshe bedijithali kunye nemigaqo yemveliso yezoqoqosho kwezolimo kula malinge ukuphucula imveliso, ukuzinza kunye nokufikelela ekutyeni. Olu phando lukwaphicothe imingeni ebangelwa kukunqongophala kwezibonelelo, umsantsa wokungabi nalwazi kunye nokutshintsha kwemozulu kwimveliso yezolimo, ethi ngokudibeneyo ijongele phantsi ukusebenza ngempumelelo nokukhula kweli candelo.
Olu phando lusebenzise isikhokelo sophando sophandontyilazwi, ngokukodwa uyilo ngokwamava oluntu kwezentlalo. Idatha iqokelelwe ngodliwanondlebe olunzulu kunye neengxoxo ezijolise kumaqela athile. Uhlalutyo lokuqulethiweyo lusetyenziswe kwidatha yodliwanondlebe nakwiingxoxo ezijolise kumaqela oosomashishini bezolimo abasakhasayo, abavelisi beemveliso zolimo kunye neengcaphephe kwicandelo lezolimo eMzantsi Afrika. Ngohlalutyo olucokisekileyo lwedatha, kuye kwachongwa iipatheni kunye nemixholo, egqamisa ukukwazi kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kunye nemigaqo yemveliso yezoqoqosho ukuseka iinkqubo zemveliso yezolimo ezisebenzayo nezizinzileyo. Ngenxa yoko, olu phando luvala umsantsa obonakalayo kulwazi ngokuphicotha ukuba ubuchwepheshe bedijithali bungakuphelisa njani ukungakhuseleki kokutya, bunciphise intswelangqesho, kunye nokuphucula intlalontle yezoqoqosho nokusingqongileyo. Olu phando lugqamisa ukukwazi kobuchwepheshe bedijithali kunye nemigaqo yemveliso yezoqoqosho ukuzisa utshintsho ekuphuculeni kushishino lwezolimo olusakhasayo eMzantsi Afrika, nangona kukho imingeni, efana nokunqongophala kwezibonelelo zemali nezobuchwepheshe. Olu phando lwazisa ngesikhokelo esitsha esidibanisa ubuchwephese bedijithali nemigaqo yemveliso yezoqoqosho, esisekelwe kwizikhokelo zethiyori zeNgcamango eSekelwe kwiMithombo (iRBV) kunye neNgcamango eSekelwe kwiMithombo yeNdalo (iNRBV). Esi sikhokelo sijolise ekuphuculeni ukukhuphisana koosomashishini bezolimo abasakhasayo kunye nokujongana nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemveliso yezolimo, ukukhuthaza iinkqubo ezizinzileyo kwezolimo. Esi sikhokelo siphakanyiswayo sigxininisa imiba engundoqo kumashishini ezolimo asakhasayo azinzileyo: inkxaso evela kurhulumente, intsebenziswano, iziseko ezingundoqo, idijithali, kunye nokudalwa kweenkqubo zemveliso. Ezi ziphumo zigqamisa ukuba inkxaso evela kurhulumente ibalulekile ekuqulunqeni imigaqonkqubo ebonelela ngenkxaso yemali, uqeqesho, kunye nokukhuthaza iinkqubo ezizinzileyo. Ngaphezu koko, intsebenziswano ebuqilima phakathi kwabasebenzi bezolimo, amaqumrhu karhulumente, iiyunivesithi, kwakunye necandelo labucala ibalulekile ekukhuthazeni inkxaso kwezendalo.
Olu phando lunegalelo elibonakalayo kuphando lokukhuthaza iinkqubo zemveliso yokutya ezizinzileyo eAfrika, kwaye lunikeza iingcebiso ezisebenzayo kubaqulunqi bemigaqonkqubo, iingcali kwezoshishino nakwizifundiswa. Kufuneka uphando lwexesha elizayo lugxininise ekukwazeni kobuchwepheshe bedijithali ukusebenziseka kwiinkqubo zemveliso yezoqoqosho kunye nokuhlola ukusebenza kweenkqubo nemigaqonkqubo yenkxaso ekhuthaza ukuhlanganiswa kwazo kwimifuziselo yezoshishino ukudala uqoqosho olukwaziyo ukumelana nobunzima noluzinzileyo.Ukuvikeleka kokudla kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele, ikakhulu e-Afrika, nokulapho indlala idla lubi khona. Ukunakala kanye nokumosheka kokudla kuyinkinga enkulu ngokwayo yonke imikhiqizo yezolimo. Umkhakha wezolimo udlala indima ebalulekile ekubhekaneni nenkinga yokuswelakala kokudla emhlabeni jikelele. Kodwa-ke, ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kunomphumela ongemuhle impela lapho singabala khona isomiso, izikhukhula nokushisa kwelanga ngokweqile, nokubeka engcupheni isivuno sezitshalo nemfuyo e-Afrika kuphinde kunciphise umkhiqizo. Uma sibuka le ngqikithi, ucwaningo luhlose ukuhlola amasu amasha okusebenza, ikakhulu ekubhekeni amabhizinisi amancane ezolimo. Lapha kugxilwe ekuhlanganiseni ubuchwepheshe bedijithali kanye nemigomo yezomnotho kulezi zinhlelo zokuthuthukisa ukukhiqiza, ukusimama kanye nokutholakala kokudla. Ucwaningo luphinde lwahlola izinselelo ezidalwa ukuswelakala kwezinsiza, yigebe phakathi kolwazi kanye nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu emikhiqizweni yezolimo, okulimaza ngokuhlanganyela ukusebenza ngempumelelo nokukhula komkhakha.
Lolu cwaningo luqoqe ulwazi ngokusebenzisa indlela yokucwaninga iqophelo, okube yindlela engajwayelekile ukusetshenziswa. Idatha iqoqwe ngezinkulumongxoxo ezijulile nokuxoxisana namaqoqo abantu. Lapha kuye kwahlaziywa okuqukethwe kusetshenziswa idatha evela ngokwezinkulumongxoxo nokuxoxisana kwamaqoqo ngokosomabhizinisi amancane kwezolimo, amakhiqizi bezolimo kanye nochwepheshe bezimboni eNingizimu Afrika. Ngokuhlaziywa kwedatha enzulu, kuye kwahlonzwa izindlela nemiqondo engasetshenziswa, ukugqamisa amandla obuchwepheshe bedijithali kanye nemigomo yomnotho ukuze kusungulwe imikhiqizo yezolimo esebenza kahle. Ngenxa yalokho, lolu cwaningo ludlala indima ekuvaleni igebe elibalulekile kwezolwazi ngokuhlola ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bedijithali bungalekelela kanjani ekuvikeleni ukudla, ukunciphisa ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi, kanye nokuthuthukisa inhlalomnotho kanye nenhlalakahle kwezemvelo. Lolu cwaningo lugqamisa amandla okuguqula ubuchwepheshe bedijithali kanye nemigomo yomnotho ukuze kuthuthukiswe osomabhizinisi abancane bezolimo eNingizimu Afrika, nakuba kunezinselelo okubalwa kuzo, ukuntuleka kwezinsizakusebenza zezezimali nezobuchwepheshe. Lolu cwaningo lwethula uhlaka olusha oluhlanganisa ubuchwepheshe bedijithali nemigomo yezomnotho, ngokususela kuhlaka lwetiyori Yokubhekwa Ngokwezinsiza (RBV) kanye Nokubheka Ngokwezinsiza Ngokwemvelo (NRBV). Lolu hlaka luhlose ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana kosomabhizinisi abancane bezolimo kanye nokubhekana nokungasebenzi kahle kwemikhiqizo yezolimo, ukukhuthaza izindlela ezisimeme zezolimo. Uhlaka oluhlongozwayo lugcizelela iminxa ebalulekile ekusimameni kwezosomabhizinisi amancane bezolimo: ukwesekwa kukahulumeni, ukusebenzisana, ingqalasizinda, ukwenziwa kwedijithali, nokwakheka kwemikhiqizo yezolimo. Imiphumela igqamisa ukuthi kubalulekile ukwesekwa nguhulumeni ekusunguleni izinqubomgomo ezihlinzeka ngosizo lwezezimali, ukuqeqeshwa, kanye nokukhuthaza izindlela ezikahle zokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile futhi nokubambisana phakathi kwabalimi, izinhlangano zikahulumeni, amanyuvesi, kanye nezinkampani ezizimele ukuze kukhuthazwe uhlelo lokweseka ubudlelwane bemvelo.
Lolu cwaningo lunegalelo elikhulu ocwaningweni lokuthuthukisa izinhlelo ezisimeme zokukhiqiza ukudla e-Afrika, futhi luhlinzeka abasunguli bezinqubomgomo ngezincomo ezisebenzayo, kanjalo nabasebenzi bezimboni kanye nezifundiswa. Ucwaningo olulandelayo kufanele lugxile emandleni obuchwepheshe bedijithali ekuqhamukeni nezinqubo zomnotho kuphinde kuhlolwe nokusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo zokweseka nezinqubomgomo ezithuthukisa ukuhlanganiswa kwalokhu endleleni yokusebenza kwebhizinisi ukuze kwakhiwe umnotho ozinzile noqinile.Ph. D. (Entrepreneurship)Operations Managemen