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Survey of large and medium-sized mammals using camera traps around the Institute of Nature Education in Shiga Heights, Shinshu University : Result of the 2023 survey
Get PDFThe large and medium-sized mammal fauna around the Institute of Nature Education in Shiga Heights, Shinshu University, in the northern part of Nagano Prefecture, Japan, was surveyed using camera traps from June to December 2023. A total of 18 camera traps were installed in two plots, 15 of which were effectively operational, yielding 2173 camera-days of recording. As a result, 12 species of large and medium-sized mammals were recorded : Macaca fuscata, Sciurus lis, Lepus brachyurus, Paguma larvata, Nyctereutes procyonoides, Vulpes vulpes, Ursus thibetanus, Martes melampus, Meles anakuma, Sus scrofa, Cervus nippon and Capricornis crispus.departmental bulletin pape
Factors Associated with Physical Activity in Community-dwelling Older Adults Undergoing Rehabilitation : A Prospective Observational Study
Get PDFBackground : Maintaining and increasing daily physical activity is important for the health of older adults, including community-dwelling older adults requiring long-term care. However, physical activity levels in this population have not been sufficiently investigated. Objective : To measure quantitatively the amount of physical activity, which was categorized as locomotive and daily-living activities, in community-dwelling older adults with in-home and daycare rehabilitation, and clarify the associated factors. Methods : This prospective cross-sectional study included 54 community-dwelling older adults requiring longterm care who received in-home and daycare rehabilitation. Physical activity, including locomotive and daily-living activities, was measured using a triaxial accelerometer. Associated factors assessed included physical, cognitive, and mental function ; sleep quality ; and activity of daily living (ADL) performance. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to determine factors associated with locomotive and daily-living activities. Results : The amount of physical activity was low, with locomotive activity considerably low. Physical function and ADL performance were associated with locomotive and daily-living activities. Depression was associated with reduced locomotive activity, whereas sleep quality was associated with daily-living activity. Conclusions : Community rehabilitation is necessary to improve physical function, ADL independence, depression, and sleep quality to increase physical activity levels, particularly locomotion and daily-living activity levels in community-dwelling older adults requiring long-term care.journal articl
Developing a Model for Meister Training to Promote the Re-Creation of Veteran Teachers: A Focus on Building Core Training
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Characteristics of Nitrogen Mineralization in the Soils of Nishikoma Station, Shinshu University Forests
Get PDF近年の温暖化により山岳域の気温上昇が懸念されており、樹木の成長を制限する窒素の動態が気温変化にどのように応答するかを明らかにする必要がある。本研究では、信州大学西駒ステーションに設置された標高2000、2200、2400m の固定調査プロットを用いて、標高差による温度環境の違いが土壌の窒素無機化特性に与える影響を明らかにすることを目的に、現地交換培養と室内培養試験を行った。現地交換培養は、現地で調整した土壌を防根透水シートで作成した袋に詰め、各標高の試験区に２か月間埋設した。室内培養試験では、採取した土壌を３段階の培養温度（４～20 °C）と凍結処理、水湿処理の５つの条件で約30日間培養した。その結果、2400区の土壌では最も無機化速度が高かったが、現地培養でも実験室培養でも硝化がほぼ確認されなかった。一方で、2200区から採取した土壌は硝化速度が高く、200m の標高差で硝化活性が著しく異なった。2000区から採取した土壌の窒素無機化は、2400および2200区の中間的な特徴を示した。以上から、標高による温度環境の違いは窒素無機化特性に影響しており、特に微生物活動によって行われる硝化はわずかな標高差で活性が大きく異なったことから、山岳域における気温上昇の影響を注視する必要があると考えられた。Global warming is expected to increase temperatures in mountainous areas, and it is necessary to clarify how soil nitrogen dynamics, which limit tree growth, respond to changes in temperature. In this study, using fixed research plots at 2000, 2200, and 2400 m elevation at the Nishikoma Station of Shinshu University, soil samples were collected from each test plot to clarify the effect of temperature environment differences due to elevation differences on soil nitrogen mineralization characteristics. Nitrogen mineralization rate was evaluated by field exchange culture and indoor culture. In the field replacement culture, locally conditioned soil was packed into bags made of root-resistant permeable film and buried in the test plots at each elevation for 2 months. In indoor culture, collected soils were incubated for about 30 days under five conditions: three incubation temperature levels (4～20 °C), freezing treatment and flooding treatment. The results showed that the soil from section 2400 had the highest mineralization rate. However, almost no nitrification was observed either in the field or in the laboratory culture. On the other hand, the nitrification rate was higher in soils collected from the 2200 plot, and the nitrification activity varied significantly with elevation difference of 200 m. Nitrogen mineralization in soils collected from the 2000 plot showed characteristics intermediate between those of the 2400 and 2200 plots. These results suggest that differences in temperature at different elevations affect nitrogen mineralization characteristics, and in particular, the activity of nitrification, which is carried out by microbial activity, differed significantly at small differences in elevation, implying that the effects of increasing temperature should be monitored in mountainous areas.departmental bulletin pape
Le processus d’élaboration des Scènes des Études de moeurs de Balzac. Du « Catalogue Delloye » aux premiers projets de La Comédie humaine
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