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The role of police in construction of legal state (rechtsstaat)
Get PDFИсторија друштвеног развоја показује да је полиција била једна од најстаријих служби унутар државе, али и да
је њена ефикасност у великој мери зависила од угледа који је
стицала својим активностима. Међутим, са ширењем интернета и друштвених мрежа представа о општој јавности постала је
превазиђена, јер се слика о успешности и ефективности службе
сели ка сегментираним друштвеним групама и стратешкој комуникацији. Полазећи од става да односи с јавношћу подразумевају планиран и одржив напор да се креира и одржи углед
и међусобно разумевање службе и свих грађана, аутори анализирају карактеристичне примере медијских наратива у домаћој
комуникацијској сфери, желећи да укажу на важност друштвене улоге полиције и њених активности у односу са грађанима.
С процесима глобализације, демократизације, модернизације,
урбанизације и медиократије, концепти безбедности унутар
националних простора све више се приближавају. То значи да
се тактике и технике деловања полиције широм планете све
више уједначавају, јер су и проблеми унутар заједница слични.
У транзиционим друштвима то је спор и мучан процес, јер се и
полицијске организације морају мењати у складу са схватањем
цивилног друштва као партнера у изградњи атмосфере опште
безбедности. Близак контакт са грађанима и ширење међусобног поверења постају кључ успешног деловања, што овај рад
показује. Полазећи од става да је имиџ ментална конструкција, сматрамо да се планским и циљаним комуникационим деловањем јавности може понудити жељена перцепција, којом ће
сваки појединац постати актер и промотер безбедносне културе, за шта служи велики избор комуникационих и промотивних алата. Идентитет је суштина сваке службе, a правовремена
и квалитетна комуникација битан део кризног менаџмента, при
чему посебно скрећемо пажњу растућу моћ друштвених мрежа.
Реалан успех полиције у изградњи демократских капацитета зависи само од подршке јавности, никако од представа коју она
негује о самој себи.The history of social development shows that the police
were one of the oldest services within one state, but also that their effectiveness was largely dependent on the reputation that the state has
gained with its activities. However, the performance of the general
public by the spread of the Internet and social networks has become
obsolete, because the image of the performance and effectiveness of
services was shifting towards segmented social groups and strategiccommunication. Starting from the premise that public relations are
planned and sustained effort to create and maintain the reputation
and mutual understanding of service and all citizens, the authors analyze the typical cases of media narratives in the domestic communication sphere, willing to draw attention to the importance of the social
role of the police and their activities with respect to citizens.
With the processes of globalization, democratization, modernization, urbanization and mediocrity, the concepts of security within
the national space are increasingly approaching. This means that the
tactics and techniques of the police acting across the world are increasingly becoming aligned, because the problems within the community are alike. In transitional societies this is a slow and tedious
process, because the police organization must change in accordance
with the understanding of civil society as a partner in creation of
better atmosphere of overall security. Close contact with citizens
and the expansion of mutual trust become the key to successful operation, as presented within this paper. Starting from the premise
that the image is the mental structure, we believe that the planned
and targeted communication operation with the public can offer
the desired perception, when every individual becomes a security
actor and promoter of culture, served by wide range of communication and promotional tools. Identity is the essence of the service,
and timely and quality communication is an essential part of crisis
management, with special attention given to the growing power of
social networks. The real success of the police in building democratic capacity only depends on public support, not from performances
that it nurses about itself
Application of the Homotopy Analysis Method in Approximation of Convolutions Stochastic Distributions
No full textThis paper describes application of the homotopy analysis (HA) technique in approximation of infinity convolutions of mixed stochastic distributions, which usually do not have a closed form. The main result is based on HA approximations of their characteristics functions, as the Fourier-Stieltjes transforms of the appropriate distributions
Scientific Research Design
Get PDFУ овом раду су изнети најосновнији поступци који морају бити
испуњени приликом сваког истраживања било ког научног проблема
како би то истраживање било валидно. Свако научно истраживање, било
да је то истраживање у друштвеним, природним или хуманистичким
наукама, мора да садржи основне ставке: јасно дефинисан проблем и
предмет истраживања, основне хипотезе од којих се полази, методологију
односно начин истраживања, дефинисане циљеве и задатке и научну
оправданост истраживања. У овом раду објашњен је сваки од наведених
поступака истраживања, односно израде доброг пројекта истраживања.
Добар нацрт научне замисли, поред тога што представља водич самом
научнику током спровођења истраживања, такође представља упутство
за будуће истраживаче који пожеле да се баве истим проблемом. На
тај начин други научници имају увид у то на која је питања у вези са
проблемом истраживања одговорено, а која тек треба поставити и
пружити одговор на њих.The paper presents the most basic procedures that must be met in the
study of any scientific problem so that the study would be valid. Each scientific
research (research in the social, natural and human sciences), must contain
basic items – a clearly defined problem and the object of research, basic
hypothesis from which the methodology proceeds and the way of research,
defined goals and objectives and scientific justification of the research. This
paper explains each of these methods of research that is, making a good
research project. A good draft of scientific ideas, besides being a guide for the
scientist when conducting the research, is also a guide for future researchers
who wish to deal with the same problem. In this way, other scientists will have
insight into the issues related to the research problem that are answered and
which have yet to be asked and answered
Household supplies for natural disaster: factor of influence on the possession of supplies
Get PDFPurpose –The paper presents the results of the quantitative research of the impact of certain factors on household possession of supplies necessary for the survival of the consequences of natural disasters.Design/methodology/approach – Quantitative research was conducted by using a survey strategy in households with the use of a multi-stage random sample. The first step, which was related to the primary sampling units, included selection of parts of the community for conducting research. The second step, which was related to research cores, included selection of streets or parts of streets at the level of primary sampling units, and finally a selection of households for surveying 2500 citizens in 19 local communities.Findings –It was found that only 24.6% of the respondents have supplies, while 61.5% have no supplies for surviving natural disasters. On the other hand, 37.2% of the respondents possess supplies of food for 4 days, while only 12% have supplies of food for 1 day. It was found that 17.6% of the respondents have a transistor radio, 40% a flashlight, 40.6% a shovel, 25.8% a hack, 33.6% hoe and spade, and 13.2% a fire extinguisher. The results of the inferential statistical analyses show that there is a statistically significant influenceof gender, education, marital status, parenthood, employment, income level, level of religiosity, completed military service on having supplies to survive the consequences of natural disasters. On the other hand, there was no influence of previous experiences on having supplies. Originality/value –research results allow the design of strategies aimed at raising the level of preparedness of households for natural disasters with regard to their supplies
Profile of Police Officers Convited of Bribery
No full textThe purpose of this research was to identify the basic elements of the profiles of police officers based on court decisions rendered in criminal cases involving bribery, and to determine which police units are characterised by a greater risk of corruption, and which problems should be considered when selecting measures to protect police integrity. The research analysed 23 court proceedings within which 40 employees of the Ministry of the Interior were found guilty of committing bribery in the period from 1 January 2010 to 1 January 2015. Results indicate that the majority of those convicted of taking bribes are male with secondary education qualifications working as police officers, who are not in management positions, in the Border Police or Traffic Police Directorates, and their median age is 33.92. On average, the largest bribes were taken by police officers from the criminal police. Results also reveal the fundamental elements of the profile of a corrupt police officer and point to problems related to enhancing police integrity, which should be considered when drafting a strategy for the combatting police corruption. This research can serve as a basis for future studies, the results of which may be used for conducting a comparative analysis, as well as for outlining criminal and legal responses of states concerning police corruption
Trend promena rezultata na prijemnom ispitu studenata Kriminalističko-policijske akademije
Get PDFThe aim of the research was to determine the trends of changes on the Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies (ACPS) entrance exam. Furthermore, the paper is to find whether there are any differences between the sexes in the terms of the results of the entrance exam. 1.576 examinees participated in the research (621 female and 955 male), all of which entered the ACPS as the students of basic and vocational studies. The paper analyses their scores in all components of the exam: High School Achievements (HSA), General Knowledge Test (GKT), Serbian Language and Literature Test (SLLT), the Level of Basic Motoric Abilities development (BMA) and the overall number of points achieved on the test. The results were firstly analysed by applying the basic descriptive statistics procedure, which determined the equation of trend of changes and R-squared values. The existence of the general variability differences between groups was determined by using MANOVA, while for the determination of partial differences between pairs of variables the Bonferroni test was used. The positive changes trend for both sexes in HSA and the negative one in SLLT were demonstrated. In females, a positive trend in BMA and a negative GKT trend were observed. However, an opposite effect was detected in males. Nevertheless, despite the different trends in individual tests, the overall number of points achieved on the entrance exam demonstrated a positive trend of changes in both populations. MANOVA results showed that the females had statistically better results in HSA, SLLT and BMA variables, but worse results in GKT. The overall result on the entrance examination taken into account, the females had statistically better scores by 3.31%.Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da utvrdi trendove promena komponenti prijemnog ispita na Kriminalističko-policijskoj akademiji (KPA). Takođe, ovaj rad bi trebalo da utvrdi da li postoje razlike između polova u odnosu na uspeh postignut na prijemnom ispitu. U istraživanju je učestvovalo 1.576 ispitanika, od čega 39,4% (621) žena i 60,6% (955) muškaraca, koji su se upisali na KPA kao studenti osnovnih akademskih ili strukovnih studija. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo sve komponente prijemnog ispita na osnovu kojih se vrši selekcija kandidata: uspeh u srednjoj školi (UŠ), test opšte informisanosti (TOI), test znanja iz srpskog jezika i književnosti (SR), nivo razvijenosti bazičnih motoričkih sposobnosti (BMS) i ukupan broj bodova ostvaren na prijemnom ispitu. Rezultati su analizirani primenom osnovne deskriptivne statističke procedure. Utvrđene su mere centralne tendencije, minimalne i maksimalne vrednosti i pravilnosti rasporeda rezultata. Na osnovu prosečnih vrednosti ustanovljena je jednačina trenda promena uz R-squared. Za utvrđivanje postojanja statistički značajne razlike na generalnom nivou korišćena je MANOVA, dok su parcijalne razlike između grupa ustanovljene Bonferonijevim testom. Statistička značajnost određena je na nivou od p lt 0,05. Rezultati su pokazali da postoji pozitivan trend promena kod oba pola za UŠ i negativan za SR. Kod žena je ustanovljen pozitivan trend BMS, ali negativan TOI. Međutim, kod muškaraca utvrđena suprotna pojava. Pored različitih trendova pojedinačnih testova, ukupan broj bodova ostvaren na prijemnom ispitu ima pozitivan trend promena za obe populacije. Hipotetički posmatrano, u narednom periodu može se očekivati da će se povećati prosečan broj bodova kandidata koji će biti upisani na KPA. Navedeno povećanje moglo bi biti izraženije kod kandidata ženskog pola koji u jednačini trenda promena imaju koeficijent +0,184 u odnosu na muškarce kod kojih izračunati koeficijent iznosi +0,014. Rezultati MANOVA su pokazali da na generalnom nivou između svih upisanih muškaraca i žena na KPA postoji statistički značajna razlika. Ustanovljeno je da su žene ostvarile statistički bolje rezultate za varijable UŠ, SR i BMS za 5,48%, 6,12% i 4,01%, respektivno. Lošiji rezultat ostvarile su na TOI za 5,71%. Međutim, kada se posmatra ukupan rezultat prijemnog ispita, žene su u ovom periodu imale statistički bolji skor za 3,31%. U daljoj analizi ustanovljeno je da su žene svake godine imale statistički značajno bolji UŠ i ukupan broj bodova. Bolje rezultate su ostvarile i na SR u periodu od 2012. do 2014, dok je 2015. godine razlika bila blizu nivoa statističke značajnosti. Razlike u BMS pojavile su se 2014. i 2015. godine - žene su imale statistički značajno veći broj bodova. Na osnovu ovog istraživanja može se zaključiti da je potrebno izvršiti izmene sistema pripreme i evaluacije SR u cilju zaustavljanja negativnog trenda kod oba pola. Takođe, potrebno je utvrditi tačne razloge različitog trenda promena i uspeha u TOI između muškaraca i žena
Knowledge discovery in cyberspace: Statistical analysis and predictive modeling
No full textThis book is a practical handbook of research on dealing with mathematical methods in crime prevention for special agents, and discusses their capabilities and benefits that stem from integrating statistical analysis and predictive modeling. It consists of a current collection of research with contributions by authors from different nations in different disciplines. After reading this book, the reader should be able to understand the fundamental nature of cyberspace; understand the role of cyber-attacks; learn analytical techniques and the challenges of predicting events; learn how languages and culture are influenced by cyberspace; and learn techniques of the cyberspace public opinion detection and tracking process. Understanding cyberspace is the key to defending against digital attacks. This book takes a global perspective, examining the skills needed to collect and analyze event information and perform threat or target analysis duties in an effort to identify sources for signs of compromise, unauthorized activity and poor security practices. The ability to understand and react to events in cyberspace in a timely and appropriate manner will be key to future success. Most of the collections are research-based practices that have been done throughout the years. The authors hope that the presented work will be of great use to police investigators and cyber special agents interested in predictive analytics
Femicide in Partnership Relations
Get PDFIn numerous studies in the world, the existence of femicide as a specific form of homicide has been confirmed, indicating its conditions and consequences and the strongest risk factors. The subject of this paper is femicide in intimate partnership, and the aim is to point to the specific characteristics of fennicide in intimate parner relationships in Serbia, i.e. to present and analyse the data obtained in the empirical research of this form of murder. The empirical research of femicide in intimate partner relationships in Serbia was conducted in 2016 on the sample of 153 cases of murder of women in the context of intimate partnership, which occurred on the territory of Serbia (without Kosovo and Metohija) in the period from 2001 to 2015. The objectives of the research were to determine the existence and identification of risk factors for femicide. The data was collected from the criminal reports filed by the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Serbia. The findings of the study confirmed the results of other studies in regard prevalence of femicide and the existence of the following risk factors: exposure of women to chronic intimate partner violence, the availability of firearms, the influence of alcohol and psychoactive substances abuse, the presence of psychological disorders and illness and suicidal tendencies of perpetrators. By applying multidimensional scaling in analyzing elements of crime offending the specific position of suicides that occur in certain number of cases after femicide was pointed out. There was a slight tendency of absence of history of violence in cases where perpetrator of fennicide committed suicide
Основе квантног преноса информација
No full textКрај XX века и почетак XXI века можемо назвати временом
информационих технологија (ИТ). ИТ индустрија, која се бави креирањем, прерадом, чувањем и преносом информација, постала је саставни део глобалног економског система. Она представља потпуно независан и прилично значајан део привреде. Зависност модерног друштва од
информационих технологија тако је висока да проблеми који се јављају
у информационим системима доводе до значајних инцидената. Размена
информација је најосетљивија област ИТ технологија и најподложнија
је злоупотребама. Стога је заштита информација приликом њихове размене од изузетне важности. Криптологија као наука, и посебно њен део
криптографија, баве се управо овом проблематиком. Значај криптографских метода је у томе што се они заснивају на конверзији саме информације и нису повезани са материјалним особинама самог преносиоца,
услед чега су најуниверзалнији и најјефтинији за имплементацију. Квантна криптографија је релативно новија област која се бави обезбеђењем
сигурне комуникације између пошиљаоца и примаоца информације,
користећи квантномеханички приступ. Циљ рада је да се упознамо са
принципима квантне дистрибуције кључа за кодирање информација и
основним проблемима који се јављају при његовој реализацији