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Exploitation of minors for pornographic purposes : the sociodemographic and criminal profile of the perpetrator
Get PDFThe paper presents research in the form of a survey aimed at examining the sociodemographic and criminal profile of the perpetrator of the
crime of displaying, acquiring and possession of pornographic material and
exploitation of a juvenile for pornography under Article 185 of the Criminal
Code of Serbia, with particular reference to the imposed criminal sanctions.
The survey was conducted at the beginning of 2018 and included 62 convicted
male persons aged 18 to 70, prosecuted under jurisdiction of the Special Prosecutor’s Office for Combating High-Tech Crime in the period from 2012 to
2016. The results of the research show that the perpetrators of the said criminal
offense are exclusively male individuals of an average age of 36.6 years, whose
structure in terms of the working status is extremely diverse, starting from
workers of various occupations, students to pensioners. In terms of other socio-demographic characteristics, the results of the survey show that the largest
percentage of the convicted offenders have completed secondary school, that
the number of the employed and unemployed is the same, that they are not
married, gravitate towards urban areas, and have not been convicted before.
In terms of the modus operandi, the results of the survey show that two methods of execution are dominant: the first implies the use of P2P technology on
the Internet and the use of certain closed networks, which allow searching,
downloading and sharing of photos and audio-visual data whereas the other
involves creating a false profile on the Facebook social network
Condition analysis of road safety in local goverments in depending of the level of education and condition and quality of road network
No full textCondition analysis of road safety above all should contribute to identifying the scope of the problem of road safety and showed the progression or regression in relation to the previous year, the other benchmark countries or given regions. In this paper in the part of the analysis of traffic safety, depending on the education of the population, analyzed the effect of level of education of the weighted public risk for each local government. Bearing in mind that the vehicle is in constant contact with the road, and hence the direct and indirect impacts on the vehicle and the driver, the paper discussed the impact of the condition and quality of the road network. In this sense, the impact of road is considered depending on the analysis of weighted public risk and average index of surface roughness (IRI - international roughness index)
Hate Speech in Migrant-Related Cases – Analysis of Occurence in Serbian Discourse
Get PDFГовор мржње је веома честа појава на
подручју Балканског полуострва, a нарочито је чест био у време
ратова у бившој СФРЈ. Тада се јављао као катализатор насиља,
нетрпељивости, мобилизације људства и подизања тензија на
етничком и националном нивоу. У последње време националне
тензије су замењене расистичким и верским нетрпељивостима и
омаловажавањем, посебно циљањем на најниже вредности и
инсистирањем на различитостима уз приказивање најлошијих
аспеката неке културе или порекла с намером да се она унизи, а
њени представници сатанизују и стигматизују. Као крајњи циљ
јавља се, опет, мобилизација националног мњења, а путеви који
се у том смеру користе најчешће се везују за електронско и
виртуелно окружење. Посебну анализу у овом раду спровели смо
на неколико веб-сајтова и страница (најчешће вести) у погледу
тенденциозности извештавања – начина коришћења појединих
термина којима се циљају прецизно детерминисане социјалне
групе и појединци. Поред анализе сајтова, посебно је вршена и
анализа коментара њихових посетилаца и метода коришћених у
обраћању јавности. Указано је на усмеравано утицање на
креирање јавног мњења и приказани су методи утицаја на
кориснике сајтова.Hate speech has had a very common occurrence in
the Balkan Peninsula, especially during the wars in the former SFRY.
At the time, it emerged as a catalyst for violence, intolerance, human
mobilization, and raising ethnic and national tensions. In recent times,
national tensions have been partially replaced by racist and religious
intolerance and disparagement - specifically targeting the lowest
values and insisting on diversity by displaying the worst aspects of a
culture, or one’s descent with the intention of disparaging it, and of its
representatives being satanized and stigmatized. The ultimate goal is,
again, the mobilization of a certain national feeling, and the routes
used towards that goal are most often linked to the electronic and
virtual environment. Special analysis presented in this paper was
carried out on several websites and web pages, most often news or
media coverage, regarding the tendency of reporting - ways of using
certain terms in order to reach precisely defined and targeted social
groups and individuals. In addition to the analysis of the websites,
there was a special analysis of the comments of visitors to such
websites and the methods used in addressing the public. Directed
influence on public opinion creation is indicated and methods of
influencing website users are presented
Strategija suprotstavljanja nasilju u porodici
No full textAutor se u radu bave analizom efektivnosti i efikasnosti rada državnih organa Srbije, pre svega policije, javnog tužilaštva i suda, u suprostavljanju nasilju u porodici. Naime, policija donošenjem (2016.) i primenom (jun 2017.) Zakona o sprečavanju nasilja u porodici (u daljem tekstu - Zakon) dobija ključnu ulogu u ovoj oblasti. Mnoga istraživanja pokazuju da je od inkriminacije krivičnog dela nasilje u porodici u naš kazneni sistem 2002. godine, u zvaničnim evidencijama policije, javnog tužilaštva i suda ova društveno-negativna pojava višestruko porasla. Suprotan trend nije usledio ni nakon donošenja (2005.) i primene (2006.) Porodičnog zakona (PZ), i inkriminisanja u naš pravni sistem porodičnopravnih mera zaštite od nasilja u porodici. Evidentno je to da je država tražila efikasnije načine da se suprotstavi ovoj pojavi. Pri tome, treba imati u vidu činjenicu da iako je svima poznata krilatica "najefikasniji je preki sud", on kao takav, bez obzira na brzinu rešavanja spornih pitanja, ne postoji nigde u savremenom demokratskom društvu, niti bilo ko razmatra mogućnost takvog suđenja. Poštovanje ljudskih prava zahteva određene procedure i pravila koji neminovno usporavaju postupak, i negativno utiču na efikasnost. U krivičnom i parničnom postupku u suprotstavljanju nasilju u porodici glavnu ulogu imaju javno tužilaštvo i sud. Javno tužilaštvo podiže optužbu i podnosi tužbu a sud donosi presudu. Policija preuzima mere po nalogu i pod kontrolom javnog tužilaštva i suda. Međutim, Zakon policiji daje novu ulogu, da samostalno, po službenoj dužnosti, u vremenski ograničenom i hitnom postupku, izriče hitne mere u trajanju 48 časova. Sud može da ih produži za novih 30 dana, ali ne može da ih ukine. Autor ovog rada razmatra postignute rezultate u suprotstavljanju nasilju u porodici nakon donošenja novog Zakona i da li je propisivanjem hitnih mera i prepuštanjem ključne uloge u suprotstavljanju nasilju u porodici policiji, rešen ovaj društveno-negativni problem? Pri tome, autor zaključuje da Zakon ne daje policiji mogućnost izbora prilikom donošenja naređenja. Ako procena rizika ukazuje na najmanja sumnju da može doći do nasilja u porodici u neposrednoj budućnosti, to rezultira izricanjem hitnih mera. Zato je u Srbiji za godinu dana izrečeno više hitnih mera nego u državama sa sličnim brojem stanovnika na petogodišnjem nivou. Međutim, broj ubijenih žena je konstantan i nije smanjen primenom Zakona
Exploitation of victims of trafficking in human beings in the context of the armed conflict
Get PDFThe areas where armed conflicts take place and have been perpetrated by state or non-state actors involved in conflicts represent a suitable place for emergence of phenomenon of human trafficking. The exploitation of victims of trafficking in human beings in the context of armed conflicts can take various forms, so that for the purposes of our research, this category of victims will be classified into two groups: victims of armed activities and victims of non-armed activities. Hence, the first group includes victims that take direct participation in armed combat activities or other activities during combat operations such as minefield cleaning, transport and medical services, etc. The second group includes victims of sexual exploitation in the conflict area and their forms, forced labour in different sectors and trafficking in organs
Fight against organised crime and some contemporary criminalistics methods
Get PDFThe paper gives a brief overview of the definition of organized crime with the answer what definition is most appropriate from the aspect of police work. The basic characteristics of organized crime are also presented.
In the continuation, the paper gives an overview on some methods used by
members of an organized criminal group or criminal organization as a whole
in order to obscure their criminal activities and avoid criminal prosecution.
An analysis of the practical activities of the police and modern technologies reveals certain possibilities that can lead to the improvement of police
work in the field of the fight against organized crime. An analysis of the content of available literature related to the topic of paper was also carried out.
To improve the rates of detecting and clarifying of organized crime, police
must primarily be able to assess the perpetrators of such crimes. Finally, the
synthesis of all methods leads to the conclusion what methods are the most
effective. All contemporary methods have to be used while respecting the
fundamental rights and freedoms that are guaranteed by the constitution and
international legal acts. If not so, all police and prosecutor work on proving
the felonies will ‘go down the drain’ as the courts must declare the evidence
to be inadmissible and unlawful
The possibilities and challenges of UAV implementation in Serbian police
Get PDFPolice officers are engaged daily on collection of the data necessary for carrying out tasks within their responsibilities. Sometimes this data has to be collected immediately (e.g., police intervention is in progress), while in other situations there will be more time available for data collection. In both cases an aerial perspective can be of great value in gathering critical information for law enforcement.
For a long time aerial support to police operations was provided by manned aircraft (usually helicopters). Because of technology development during the last decade, law enforcement organizations are turning more and more to cheaper, smaller and stealthier unmanned aerial vehicles popularly called drones. They proved themselves as beneficial to various police branches – from traffic and border police, to tactical units and forensic units. At the same time, their implementation into policing raises significant privacy concerns. Hence their implementation must be followed by strict legal provisions which will regulate the way they can be used. Having this in mind this paper explains the most common ways UAV can complement or substitute existing helicopter unit in Serbia and legal challenges their implementation poses
Operational risk management in banking and business forensics
Get PDFIn everyday business, banks are exposed to a large number of risks. A special type of banking risk is an operational risk, which due to its form is present in every business activity of the bank. Operational risk represents the risk of loss in the course of business operations, which arise due to inadequate procedures and failed internal processes, human factors, systemic or external events. This is the risk with which scams are most often connected and which tend to develop and take on new forms. Scams not only jeopardize the performance of one bank in terms of its financial status, but significantly affect its reputation. In this paper we discuss the management of operational risk in banking with emphasis on the importance of forensic methods in detecting fraud. The aim of the paper is to point out through the basic theoretical settings and examples from modern banking practice the potential of forensic business in terms of reducing the risk of fraud
Implementation of an electronic service “e-Criminal record” on portal e-Administration
Get PDFIn order to exchange information more efficiently and faster, transparency in the provision of public services and simpler communication between citizens and the public sector, Web services for obtaining data and information are increasingly being used, which provide easier exchange of
information in relation to traditional “paper” systems and therefore significantly accelerate the process and save the time of citizens and legal entities.
Bearing in mind the public administration reform in the Republic of Serbia, which is primarily reflected in the utilization of the potentials offered by modern information communication technologies, benefits for citizens,business and the public sector, the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MUP) strives to digitize its administrative processes to contribute to these aspirations. In this paper a new web service “eCriminal record” was presented for obtaining data on punishment and impunity for the needs of State authorities, enterprises, other organizations or entrepreneurs, along with a reasoned request
and justified interest based on the law
Cathepsin B: A sellsword of cancer progression
Get PDFClinical, biochemical and molecular biology studies have identified lysosome-encapsulated cellular proteases as critical risk factors for cancer progression. Cathepsins represent a group of such proteases aimed at maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Nevertheless, recent reports suggest that Cathepsin B executes other cellular programs such as controlling tumor growth, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastases development. In fact, elevated levels of Cathepsins are found under different pathological conditions including inflammation, infection, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer. Furthermore, the discovery of Cathepsin B secretion and function as an extracellular matrix protein has broadened our appreciation for the impact of Cathepsin B on cancer progression. Underneath a façade of an intracellular protease with limited therapeutic potential hides a central role of cathepsins in extracellular functions. Moreover, this role is incredibly diverse from one condition to the next – from driving caspase-dependent apoptosis to facilitating tumor neovascularization and metastasis. Here we discuss the role of Cathepsin B in the oncogenic process and perspective the use of Cathepsin B for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.This is the peer-reviewed version of the article: Mijanović, Olja, Ana Branković, Alexander N. Panin, Solomiia Savchuk, Peter Timashev, Ilya Ulasov, and Maciej S. Lesniak. 2019. ‘Cathepsin B: A Sellsword of Cancer Progression’. Cancer Letters 449 (May): 207–14. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2019.02.035]