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2025 research outputs found
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The Role of the Police in Disasters Caused by Pandemic Infectious Diseases
Get PDFSo far, the police have played and are playing a very important role in the fight against pandemics in the current situation. Recent events have indicated the need to pay as much attention to the role of the police in emergencies caused by pandemics (epidemics) of infectious diseases, because it is noticeable that, in the previous period, either in practice or in scientific circles, not enough attention was paid to this segment of police work. The author’s wish was to provide an answer to the question whether and in what way the police coped with the natural disaster caused by the pandemic of the infectious disease COVID-19. The answer would be that the police did not cope during the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper provides guidelines that would help police organizations cope with possible future natural disasters caused by a pandemic of infectious diseases in a better way
Influence of Image Enhancement Techniques on Effectiveness of Unconstrained Face Detection and Identification
No full textIn a criminal investigation, along with processing forensic evidence, different investigative techniques are used to identify the perpetrator of the crime. It includes collecting and analyzing unconstrained face images, mostly with low resolution and various qualities, making identification difficult. Since police organizations have limited resources, in this paper, we propose a novel method that utilizes off-the-shelf solutions (Dlib library Histogram of Oriented Gradients-HOG face detectors and the ResNet faces feature vector extractor) to provide practical assistance in unconstrained face identification. Our experiment aimed to establish which one (if any) of the basic image enhancement techniques should be applied to increase the effectiveness. Results obtained from three publicly available databases and one created for this research (simulating police investigators’ database) showed that resizing the image (especially with a resolution lower than 150 pixels) should always precede enhancement to improve face detection accuracy. The best results in determining whether they are the same or different persons in images were obtained by applying sharpening with a high-pass filter, whereas normalization gives the highest classification scores when a single weight value is applied to data from all four databases
Disaster Risk Communication: Attitudes of Serbian Citizens
No full textПредмет истраживања представља испитивање ставова грађана о
различитим чиниоцима утицаја на спровођење ефикасне комуникације о ризицима
од катастрофа у Републици Србији. Циљ истраживања представља научна дескрипција предиктора успешне комуникације о ризицима од катастрофа. Коришћењем
онлајн анкетног упитника, а по принципу снежне грудве, спроведено је анкетирање
243 испитаника током јула 2021. године. Резултати вишеструке линеарне регресионе
анализе коришћене да се процени експликативна моћ шест изабраних варијабли (пол,
године, образовање, брачни статус, запосленост и висина прихода) на перцепцију
комуникације о ризицима од катастрофа показују да су најзначајнији предиктори
информисаности о ризицима ниво прихода и пол испитаника. Добијени резултати
су од вишеструког научног и практичног значаја за унапређење интегрисане комуникације о ризицима од катастрофа кроз процес побољшаног разумевања демографске
и социо-економске перспективе комуникације.The objective of this research was to examine the citizens‘ attitudes to various factors influencing the implementation of effective disaster risk communication in the
Republic of Serbia. In addition, the research aims to scientifically describe the predictors
of successful disaster risk communication. Using an online survey questionnaire, based
on the snowball principle, 243 respondents were surveyed during July 2021. The results of
the multiple linear regression analysis used to assess the explanatory power of six selected
variables (gender, age, education, marital status, employment, and income level) on the
perception of disaster risk communication show that the most important predictors of
risk awareness are income level and gender. The obtained results have multiple scientific
and practical importance for the improvement of integrated disaster risk communication
through the process of improved understanding of the demographic and socio-economic
perspective of communication
Защита и обработка компьютерной информации : учебное пособие по английскому языку
No full textСодержатся профессионально-ориентированные материалы по изучению
иностранного языка, позволяющие овладеть профессиональной лексикой,
относящейся к предметной области информационной безопасности.
Для курсантов и слушателей образовательных организаций МВД России,
обучающихся по специальности: «Безопасность информационных технологий в
правоохранительной сфере» (3 семестр)
Проблем истраживања у друштвеним наукама: место методологије у савременим истраживањима
Get PDFWe have tried to explore the place of methodology in contemporary research in social
and humanistic sciences; to consider the status of the methodology facing SCI lists,
scoring, proliferation of papers that threaten to jeopardize the quality and the status of the
social sciences. The basic question we want to find the answer to is whether there has been
a so-called crisis of methodology. Our goal is to draw attention to the quantification of
quasi-research that does not provide concrete answers to the social problems they (should)
investigate
Phenomenological characteristics of juvenile crime in the Republic of Serbia : a prerequisite for successful prevention
Get PDFKriminal maloletnika nesumnjivo i opravdano privlači veliku paţnju naučne i stručne
javnosti, kako zbog nekih svojih osnovnih karakteristika, tako i zbog posledica koje moţe imati. Pored
činjenice da je u pitanju populacija koju karakteriše nedovoljna psiho-fizička i socijalna zrelost,
poseban značaj proučavanja maloletničke delinkvencije, proizlazi iz činjenice da je reč o najmlaĎim i
najranjivijim članovima društva i da od načina na koji društvo reaguje na njihovo ponašanje u velikoj
meri zavisi njihov dalji razvoj, kao i razvoj i budućnost celokupnog društva. Kako prevencija
kriminala uopšte, a posebno prevencija kriminala maloletnika čini najvaţniji segmet u
suprotstavljanju kriminalu u jednom društvu, stvaranje realne slike o njegovim razmerama i osnovnim
karakteristikama, isto kao i etiološkim faktorima čini polaznu osnovu za planiranje i organizovanje
preventivnih intervencija i postupaka. Vaţna pretpostavka za adekvatno osmišljene preventivne
aktivnosti svakako je utvrĎivanje fenomenoloških karakteristika ovog ponašanja, a kako neki autori
sasvim opravdano smatraju, uspeh preduzetih preventivnih aktivnosti u velikoj meri zavisi od kvaliteta
i analize prikupljenih podataka o tom kriminalu. Nezaobilazan izvor ovih podataka su statističke
evidencije koje vode različiti subjekti: od pravosudnih organa - policije, tuţilaštva, sudova, preko
evidencija sluţbi socijalne zaštite, vaspitno-obrazovnih ustanova, pa sve do naučno-istraţivačkih i
visokoškolskih ustanova koje se bave proučavanjem ovog fenomena. U ovom radu su analizirani
podaci o kriminalu maloletnika na teritoriji Republike Srbije dobijeni na osnovu evidencija
Republičkog zavoda za statistiku. Analiza se odnosi na period od 10 god. i obuhvata podatke od 2010
do 2019. god. Cilj rada bio je da se analizom distribucije oblika ponašanja koja čine definiciju
kriminala
maloletnika
dobije
pouzdana
slika
o
njegovim
najvaţnijim
fenomenološkim
karakteristikama, njegovoj učestalosti, strukturi po polu, vrsti krivičnog dela i dr. kao i njihovim
promenama u toku posmatranog perioda.Juvenile delinquency undoubtedly and justifiably attracts a lot of attention from the
scientific and professional public, both because of some of its basic characteristics and because of the
consequences it can have. In addition to the fact that this is a population characterized by insufficient
psycho-physical and social maturity, the special importance of studying juvenile delinquency stems
from the fact that they are the youngest and most vulnerable members of society and that the way
society responds to their behavior largely depends. their further development, as well as the
development and future of the whole society. As crime prevention in general, and juvenile crime
prevention in particular, is the most important segment in combating crime in a society, creating a
realistic picture of its size and basic characteristics, as well as etiological factors is the starting point
for planning and organizing preventive interventions and procedures. An important precondition for
adequately designed preventive activities is certainly the determination of the phenomenological
characteristics of this behavior, and as some authors quite rightly believe, the success of the
undertaken preventive activities largely depends on the quality and analysis of collected data on this
crime. An unavoidable source of these data are statistical records kept by various entities: from
judicial bodies - police, prosecutors, courts, through records of social protection services, educational
institutions, all the way to scientific research and higher education institutions that study this
phenomenon. This paper analyzes the data on juvenile delinquency in the territory of the Republic of
Serbia obtained on the basis of the records of the Republic Bureau of Statistics. The analysis refers to
a period of 10 years. and includes data from 2010 to 2019. The aim of the paper was to analyze the
distribution of forms of behavior that make up the definition of juvenile crime to get a reliable picture
of its most important phenomenological characteristics, its frequency, structure by gender, type of
crime, etc. as well as their changes during the observed period
Differences in General Physical Abilities Viewed in Relation to Entrance Exam and the Efficiency of Studying
Get PDFСистем селекције за упис на Криминалистичкополицијски универзитет (КПУ) осмишљен је као вишедимензионални модел с циљем да се изаберу најквалитетнији појединци.
Један од сегмената селекције јесте процена нивоа развијености
базично-моторичких способности (БМС). Циљ овог рада било је
утврђивање разлика иницијалног нивоа БМС кандидата у односу
на успех постигнут на пријемном испиту и у односу на успешност процеса студирања. Анализиран је БМС 618 кандидата мушког пола, који се процењује у оквиру батерије тестова за упис
на КПУ. Укупан узорак испитаника подељен је на подузорке:
кандидати који нису уписани (НУ), кандидати који су уписани и
нису завршили студије (НЗС) и они који су успешно завршили
процес студирања (ЗС). Установљено је да су обе групе уписаних
кандидата (НЗС и ЗС) имале статистички значајно бољи БМС у
односу на НУ. Статистички значајне разлике између НЗС и ЗС
нису утврђене. С обзиром на то да резултати на тестовима за
процену БМС, који хипотетички представљају 20% од могућег
укупног скора на пријемном испиту, зависе од тренажног процеса који подразумева упорност, континуитет и посвећеност,
може се закључити да је редовно физичко вежбање један од
предуслова за упис на КПУ.The system of selection for the admission to the
University of Criminal Investigation and Police Studies in Belgrade
(UCIPS) is designed as a multidimensional model in order to select the
individuals of utmost quality. One of the segments is the assessment of
the level of general physical abilities (GPA). The aim of this research
was to determine the differences between the initial level of
candidates’ GPA in terms of the success achieved in the entrance
exam as well as the success of the study process. General physical
abilities of 618 male candidates were evaluated as part of the UCIPS
enrolment process. The total sample of respondents was divided into
sub-samples: candidates who were not enrolled (NE), candidates who
were enrolled but not graduated (ENG) and those who were enrolled
and graduated (EG). It was found that both groups of enrolled
candidates (ENG and EG) had statistically significantly better GPA
compared to NE. There were no statistically significant differences
between the ENG and the EG. Considering the fact that the results of
the GPA assessment tests, which hypothetically represent 20% of the
possible total score, depend on a training process that involves
persistence, continuity and commitment, it can be concluded that
constant physical exercise could be one of the preconditions for
success in the entrance exam to enrol UCIPS
Analysis of the Frequency of Verbal and Vocal Signs in True and False Statements
Get PDFThe paper presents research aimed at analysing the frequency of verbal and vocal signs in a situation of false and true statements, by introducing a secondary task. The research involved 100 students (47 men and 53 women) of the master's studies of criminal investigation at the University of Criminal Investigation and Police Studies, aged 23-44. Students had the task, based on the observation of twenty selected videos (10 true statements and 10 false statements), to mark the frequency of each individual verbal and vocal sign, on a previously generated and prepared list. The results show that there is a statistically significant difference in terms of the frequency of all verbal and vocal signs in a false or true statement: response latency, speech hesitation, speech errors, speech rate, number of spoken words in the utterance, and length of utterance. Response latency, speech hesitation, and speech errors have higher median values in false utterances than in true ones, while speech rate, number of words spoken, and length of utterance show higher median values in true than false utterances
Comparative Analysis of Competencies of Court Experts in the Fields of Fire and Explosion
No full textBearing in mind the fact that the defendant in criminal proceedings has the right to a defense by remaining silent and even giving false
statements, as well as the fact the testimonies of witnesses frequently lack consistency and credibility, there is a large number of cases in
which the court has to rely on the findings and opinions of expert witnesses for assessments and clarifications of legally relevant facts.
Therefore, it is of great importance to scrutinize issues pertaining to the competencies of forensic experts and the quality of databases
on forensic experts. Hence, the subject under review in this article is a comparative analysis of the registers of forensic experts in Serbia,
Northern Macedonia, Montenegro, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, as compared to the corresponding registers in Slovenia and Croatia,
as member states of the European Union. We decided to research the registers of forensic experts in the fields of fire and explosion,
using the following research methods: observation, description, comparison, and analysis. The analyses focused on the forensic experts’
type and level of education, age, and gender, as well as how the registers of forensic experts are organized. This article also provides
recommendations related to improving the manner of keeping the register of court experts and the optimal competencies of such
experts to ensure that legally relevant facts in criminal proceedings are correctly and thoroughly established
The role of competent state authorities in prevention of domestic violence
No full textNakon četiri godine od početka primene Zakona o sprečavanju nasilja u porodici broj žrtava lišenih života u porodičnom nasilju nije se smanjio. Zakon o sprečavanju nasilja u porodici uređuje materiju saradnje i koordiniranog postupanja nadležnih državnih organa i ustanova u cilju blagovremenog sprečavanja i zaustavljanja nasilja, kao i delotvorne zaštite i podrške žrtvama. Cilj: Cilj ovog rada je da se utvrdi šta se promenilo s donošenjem Zakona o sprečavanju nasilja u porodici. Ratifikacija Konvencije Saveta Evrope o borbi i sprečavanju nasilja nad ženama i nasilja u porodici i slabosti dotadašnjeg načina suprostavljanja nasilju u porodici u Srbiji, doveli su do donošenja Zakona o sprečavanju nasilja u porodici. Policija dobija novu, preventivnu ulogu u suprostavljanju nasilju u porodici koja se sastoji u obavezi izricanja hitnih mera u svim onim slučajevima kada se proceni rizik da postoji neposredna opasnost od nasilja u porodici. Istraživanje, koje je prezentovano u ovom radu i koje se odnosi na period od tri godine (2018-2020), imalo je za cilj da utvrdi kakvi su efekti preventivnih mera koje preduzimaju nadležni organi, kao i da li se odredbe zakona primenjuju na ujednačen način na teritoriji Srbije. Metod: U radu su primenjene sledeće naučne medode istraživanja: normativna i statistička metoda, analiza sadržaja, komparativna metoda i formalno-logička analiza. Rezultati i diskusija: Identifikovani su i sistematizovani problemi i propusti u radu nadležnih organa, pre svega policije i javnog tužilaštva, koji dovode do smanjene efikasnosti i efektivnosti u sprovođenju zakona. Rezultati su nam pokazali da: 1) je težišna usmerenost nadležnih organa na poštovanju formalnih procedura, 2) je uočljivo neujednačeno postupanje nadležnih državnih organa prilikom pozivanja žrtava da prisustvuju sastancima Grupa za koordinaciju i saradnju, 3) efekti mera iz planova zaštite koje donosi Grupa za kooridinaciju i saradnju pokazuju da u izvesnom broju slučajeva ipak dolazi, nakon nekoliko meseci od izricanja hitnih mera, do ponavljanja nasilja i teških posledica. Zaključak: Na kraju, autori zaključuju da nov način rada nadležnih državnih organa, odnosno stavljanje naglaska na preventivno postupanje policije, javnog tužilaštva i suda, pokazuje izvesne rezultate koji se ogledaju u smanjenju broja podnetih krivičnih prijava za nasilje u porodici i smanjenju broja učinilaca krivičnih dela. Međutim, zaključeno je da se ne radi provera efektivnosti preduzetih preventivnih mera, pa često dolazi do povrata i nastupanja najtežih posledica po žrtve nasilja u porodici. Dakle, prekid nasilja, sprečavanje novog i ponovljenog nasilja i zaštita bezbednosti žrtve je u prvom planu nadležnih dr- žavnih organa dok se ne iscrpe one radnje i mere koje su propisane Zakonom, ali kada je u pitanju praćenje planiranih i preduzetih mera nedostaje aktivniji pristup.Four years upon the beginning of implementation of the Law on Prevention of Domestic Violence the number of victims who lost their lives in domestic violence has not been reduced. The Law on Prevention of Domestic Violence regulates the area of cooperation and coordinated conduct of the proper state authorities and institutions with the aim of timely prevention and stopping of violence, as well as effective protection and support to victims. Aim: The aim of this paper is to determine what has changed with the adoption of the Law on Prevention of Domestic Violence. The ratification of the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence and the weaknesses of the manner of fight against domestic violence in Serbia until that time resulted in adoption of the Law on Prevention of Domestic Violence. The police are given a new, preventive role in fighting domestic violence, which consists of the obligation to pronounce urgent measures in all cases when there is estimated risk of direct danger of domestic violence. The research presented in this paper, which covers the period of three years (2018-2020), was aimed to determine the effects of preventive measures undertaken by the competent authorities, as well as to establish if the legal regulations have been implemented evenly in the territory of Serbia. Method: The following scientific and research methods have been used in the paper: normative and statistical method, content analysis, comparative method and formal logic analysis. Results and Discussion: Problems and omissions in the work of competent authorities have been identified and systematized, primarily of the police and Public Prosecutor’s Office, which result in reduced efficiency and effectiveness in law enforcement. The results have shown that: 1) the main direction of competent authorities is to follow the formal procedure; 2) it has been noticed that there is uneven conduct of competent authorities when inviting victims to attend the meetings of Groups for coordination and cooperation; 3) the effects of measures listed in protection plans adopted by the Group for coordination and cooperation show that in a number of cases, after several months following the pronouncing of urgent measures, there comes repeated violence and severe consequences. Conclusion: Finally, the authors conclude that the new manner of work of the competent state bodies, in other words the emphasis on preventive conduct of the police, Public Proseutor’s Office and the courts shows certain results, which reflect in reduction of the number of criminal charges brought for domestic violence and the reduction of the number of criminal offenders. However, it has been concluded that there is not a checkup if the the preventive measures taken have been effective, so there often comes to repeated violence and the most severe consequences for the victims of domestic violence. Therefore, stopping of violence, prevention of new and repeated violence and the protection of victim’s safety should be in the focus of the competent state authorities until all conducts and measures prescribed by the Law are exhausted, but as far as monitoring of measures which are planned and undertaken there lacks a more active approach