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Analiza primene pojedinih adversarijalnih krivičnoprocesnih instituta u kontinentalnom krivičnom procesnom zakonodavstvu
No full textContemporary criminal procedure legislation has been characterized by intensive legislative activity followed by significant reforms of criminal proceedings in order to increase efficiency. One of the main results of these reforms is that many civil-law countries accept and to some extent assume criminal proceeding elements originating in Anglo-Saxon legal system and characteristic for the accusatory system. In this paper, the author considers implementation of some criminal adversarial proceedings elements adopted by some civil-law countries, but also a number of practical implementation issues. The author also gives some suggestions related to implementation of some criminal adversarial proceeding elements in Continental Europe. In that sense, special attention is paid to marginalization of the principle of the truth, i.e. to elimination of the court 's duty to determine the truth in a main hearing, introduction of a parallel inquiry, as well as to plea bargaining.Savremeno krivično procesno zakonodavstvo karakteriše pojačana zakonodavna aktivnost koja za posledicu ima značajne reforme krivičnog postupka u cilju povećanja njegove efikasnosti. Jedna od glavnih karakteristika tih reformi se ogleda u tome da mnoge zemlje evropsko kontinentalne pravne tradicije prihvataju i u određenom obimu preuzimaju krivičnoprocesne institute koji dolaze iz anglosaksonske pravne tradicije i koji su karakteristični za akuzatorski krivični postupak. Imajući to u vidu, u ovom radu autor se bavi analizom primene pojedinih adversarijalnih krivičnoprocesnih instituta koje su usvojile neke zemlje evropsko kontinentalne pravne tradicije i problemima koji su se pojavili u njihovoj praktičnoj primeni. Takođe, dati su i određeni predlozi u odnosu na implementaciju pojedinih instituta adversarijalnog krivičnog postupka u kontinentalnoj Evropi. U tom smislu, posebna pažnja će biti posvećena marginalizaciji načela utvrđivanja istine, odnosno ukidanju dokazne aktivnosti suda na glavnom pretresu, uvođenju stranačke (paralelne) istrage ,kao i sporazumu o priznanju krivice
Otvorena pitanja teorije i prakse neoliberalizma
Get PDFEmphasizing neoliberalism as a triumph of free market and unregulated capitalism, critics point out that the global financial crisis has undermined the legitimacy of neoliberalism. It is, therefore, very important to investigate whether there is a clear correlation between the normative recommendations of neoliberal theory and political and economic changes in the market economies in recent decades. Elementary insight into economic developments during the previous decades shows that there is a correspondence between the neoliberal ideas and the trajectory of many market economies, but also clear discrepancies between neoliberal theory and political and economic practices. Neoliberalism exists in articulation with the actors and institutions. Context is important because it implies variation, path dependency, and discrepancy in terms of processes and results. The main conclusion of this paper is that only if we perceive neoliberalism as socially embedded can we speak of neoliberalism as a political-economic doctrine, economic and political practice, and a process of economic transformation and establish a connection between them.Ističući neoliberalizam kao trijumf slobodnog tržišta, odnosno neregulisanog kapitalizma, kritičari ističu da je globalna finansijska kriza potkopala legitimitet neoliberalizma. Zato je veoma važno istražiti da li postoji jasna korelacija između normativnih preporuka neoliberalne teorije i političkih i ekonomskih promena u tržišnim privredama u proteklih nekoliko decenija. Elementarni uvid u ekonomska kretanja tokom poslednjih decenija pokazuje da postoji određeno podudaranje između neoliberalnih ideja i trajektorije mnogih tržišnih privreda u ovom periodu, ali i jasne diskrepance između neoliberalne teorije i političke i ekonomske prakse. Neoliberalizam egzistira u artikulaciji sa akterima i institucijama. Kontekst je važan zato što implicira različitost, zavisnost puta i nepodudarnost u pogledu procesa i rezultata. Osnovni zaključak rada je da jedino, ukoliko neoliberalizam posmatramo kao društveno ukorenjen, možemo da govorimo o neoliberalizmu kao političko-ekonomskoj doktrini, ekonomsko-političkoj praksi i procesu ekonomske transformacije i da ustanovimo vezu između njih
Consequences of explosive devices' activation on victims and their criminal justice importance
No full textThis paper contains analyses of intentional and unintentional activation of explosive devices with consequences on victims in the period of seven years (from 2000 through 2006). The charts in this paper show the statistic trend of increase/decrease of explosions' number i.e. consequences of explosions on victims. This paper also points out the possibilities of various legal qualifications from the standpoint of perpetrator's culpability (mens rea), and also the importance this element has to determine the type and to estimate the mass of the used explosive. Purpose: The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the importance of knowing the type and mass of used explosive within the activated explosive device in order to correctly determine the form of culpability of a perpetrator and to impose an adequate criminal penalty. Design/methodology/approach: Theoretical and statistical approach; analysis of police practice in the Republic of Serbia. Findings: The decreasing trend of activated explosive devices numbers in the period 2000 2004 was noticed, but also the increasing trend in 2005 and 2006. Such trends are followed by explosion consequences. Also, it is stressed out that there is a possibility to determine the type and mass of the explosive based on the traces on explosion victims, and after that on the importance of an accurate and timely estimation of explosive's mass for the determination of criminal legal issues (material) in criminal proceedings. Research limitations/implications: Disability of experimental explosions. Practical implications: Assistance to the court in legal qualification of a criminal offence, determination of guilt and sanctioning of a criminal offence by an explosive expert who shall determine the type and mass of used explosive based on the explosion effects on the victims. Understanding the type and mass of used explosive is also important for having a legal and fair trial (a trial within the reasonable time) and the-efficiency of criminal proceedings. The judge who has the knowledge of the importance. of determination of type and mass of used explosive for informing numerous criminal legal matters, producing timely investigations. Such information an reduce unnecessary additional or repeated expertise. Originality/value: Separation of the importance of selected topic relevant for the correct sentencing in criminal case regarding the noticed deficiency in the treatment of this topic by the expert (legal) community
Aggregation statistics and the methods of operational research for weighting criteria in multiple criteria decision making
No full textThe problem of determining weights of criteria appears in many contexts in multiple criteria decision making. For solving this task it is necessary to determine individual influence of each considered criterion. Each criterion can be either quantitative-when each of attributes can take different values or qualitative-in which case only ranking of weights of criterias is possible. The weights for each criterion could be provided by experiments, tests or as experts opinions. This paper presents methodology for obtaining an aggregated measure, in the form of arithmetic means, for quantitative decision making. The measure is obtained experimentally by combining statistical methodology-based on regression and factor analysis on one hand and operational research approaches-data envelopment analysis as an objective and analytical hierarchical process as subjective method. For practical demonstration of proposed method authors used data on the students' marks, from the official database at the Faculty of organizational sciences, University of Belgrade, to determine the weights of the first-year subjects in order to predict future students' success on each of the study programs, separately
Digitalna forenzika u kontekstu zaštite informacionih sistema
Get PDFAlthough a lot has been said and written about the protection of information systems and users of the Internet, only a small number of managers and users of information technologies are aware of the significance of this problem. This can lead to occurrence of risky situations in which business information systems may be threatened. Their inadequate protection may have disastrous effects on the business process itself. The purpose of the paper is to clearly and transparently establish relations between methods and techniques of information system protection and digital forensic investigation, as well as to raise the security awareness and promote security culture as essential elements of the cycle of risk management and protection.Iako se o zaštiti informacionih sistema i korisnika interneta često govori i piše, mali broj menadžera i korisnika informacionih tehnologija su svesni značaja ovog problema. To može dovesti do pojave rizičnih incidentnih situacija u kojima su ugroženi poslovni informacioni sistemi. Njihova neadekvatna zaštita može imati katastrofalne posledice na sam poslovni proces. Cilj rada je da se na jasan i transparentan način uspostave i dovedu u vezu metode i tehnike zaštite informacionih sistema sa digitalnom forenzičkom istragom, kao i da se skrene pažnja na bezbednosnu svest i kulturu kao esencijalne elemente ciklusa upravljanja rizikom i zaštitom
Mogućnosti zloupotrebe biološkog oružja u terorističke svrhe
Get PDFFor centuries, biological agents have been used in warfare, terrorist or criminal activities. It seemed that the signing of the convention on biological weapons would contribute to biological weapons to become just an unpleasant memory of the past. However, bioterrorism has become a reality of the modern world due to its characteristics, causes and consequences. At the same time, the expansion of high technology on one hand and the ability of biological weapons to cause massive destruction or 'mass casualties' on the other hand, shifts the focus of the public and experts from the question 'will there be' to the question of 'when will there be' a terrorist attack using biological weapons.' Therefore, in this paper, the author discusses the concept, classification, and history of the use of biological weapons, and the possibility of their use for terrorist purposes.Vekovima unazad biološki agensi su korišćeni za ratovanje, terorističke ili kriminalne aktivnosti. Može se reći da je izgledalo da će potpisivanje Konvencije o biološkom oružju doprineti da ono postane samo neprijatna uspomena na vremena kada se upotrebljavalo. Međutim, bioterorizam je postao realnost savremenog sveta zbog svojih karakteristika i posledica koje uzrokuje. Pri tome, ekspanzija visoke tehnologije s jedne i sposobnost biološkog oružja da izazove ,,masovno uništavanje' ili ,,masovne žrtve' s druge strane, pomera fokus javnosti i stručnjaka sa pitanja ,,da li će se' na pitanje ,,kada će se dogoditi teroristički napad biološkim oružjem'. Upravo stoga u radu je dat osvrt na pojam, klasifikaciju i istorijat upotrebe biološkog oružja. Takođe je dat i generalni pregled mogućnosti njegove upotrebe u terorističke svrhe i zaštite od biološkog oružja
Popularni imidž privatnog detektiva i njegova demistifikacija
No full textWhen we think of private detectives, what we first have in mind is one of the most common opinions, which connects this person with the hero from literature or movies and - in rarer cases - with the former police officer who, after having been retired, opens a detective agency in our neighborhood. The question, however, is whether such perception corresponds to the real situation or if, in this way, we just reproduce social stereotypes and the images of private detectives popularized in the media. The fact is that in today's conditions the position of private detectives is characterized by disbalance between the popular image and actual possibilities of the private detectives, which makes it quite a controversial activity. There are many consequences of this disbalance in the performance of private detective activity in the 'real' life, but certainly the most serious problem is that this situation contributes to the occurrence of abuse in the work of private detectives, frequently endangering the rights and freedoms of citizens. If we really strive for the rule of law and proudly claim that our society is based on democratic heritage then we have to take all necessary measures in order to prevent or suppress abuse or negligence in the activity of private detectives. Although the critical approach in this work is beyond dispute, the author 's intention is certainly not to discredit the private detective activity, but to use constructive criticism to point to the key problems in this field. By analyzing the image of private detectives in this light we mainly try to warn that private detectives have a great potential to cause serious damage, accidentally or intentionally, and it is therefore important to act in the direction of opposing these phenomenon, and primarily through normative regulation of this area and ensuring their implementation in the field. The paper should also be understood as an appeal to the authorized institutions to finally regulate the private detective activity in the Republic of Serbia, which has existed for years in a kind of legal vacuum, with all consequences that this situation produces.Činjenica je da se pri samoj pomisli na privatnog detektiva obično setimo nekog junaka iz literature ili filma. Pitanje je, međutim, da li takva percepcija odgovara realnom stanju ili, pak, time samo reprodukujemo društvene stereotipe i sliku privatnog detektiva popularisanu u medijima. Poziciju privatnih detektiva nesumnjivo karakteriše disbalans između popularnog imidža i realne slike, što čini privatnu detektivsku delatnost prilično kontroverznom. Posledice ovog disbalansa su mnogobrojne, ali svakako najozbiljniji problem je što takvo stanje doprinosi pojavi zloupotreba u radu privatnih detektiva, od kojih mnoge rezultuju ugrožavanjem sloboda i prava građana. Iako je kritički pristup u ovom radu nesporan, težnja autora svakako nije da diskredituje privatnu detektivsku delatnost, već da kroz konstruktivnu kritiku ukaže na neke od ključnih problema u ovoj oblasti, a koji proizlaze iz njenog pogrešnog tumačenja i karakterisanja. Analizirajući imidž privatnih detektiva iz ovog ugla mi prevashodno nastojimo da upozorimo da privatni detektivi imaju veliki potencijal da izazovu ozbiljnu štetu, slučajno ili namerno, i da je stoga važno delovati u pravcu suprotstavljanja tim pojavama, i to prvenstveno kroz normativno regulisanje ove oblasti i obezbeđivanje njihovog sprovođenja na terenu. Ujedno ovaj rad treba shvatiti i kao apel nadležnim subjektima da konačno regulišu privatnu detektivsku delatnost u Republici Srbiji, koja već godinama egzistira u svojevrsnom pravnom vakuumu, sa svim posledicama koje takvo stanje proizvodi
Correlation of precision shooting with a pistol and stiletto targeting
No full textBook of Abstracts / International Scientific Conference Effects of Physical Activity Application to Anthropological Status with Children, Youth and Adult
Establishing qualification of border police officers of the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Serbia for state border control
Get PDFМилитарни систем обезбеђења државне границе, актуелан у другој половини XX века, који се базирао на линијском концепту обезбеђења, превазиђен је и није у примени у развијеним земљама Европе, јер је у прошлости био у функцији заштите државне границе од потенцијалног агресора. Данас, у примени је полицијски систем обезбеђења државне границе, базиран на линијско-дубинском концепту, чији је циљ супротстављање прекограничном криминалу. Добро организована заштита државних граница, коју спроводи гранична полиција, може бити, уз сарадњу са другим релевантним субјектима задуженим за унутрашњу безбедност, делотворан филтер у онемогућавању свих облика прекограничног криминала. Активности и мере које предузима гранична полиција морају бити део система заштите унутрашње безбедности, што значи да ефикасан надзор државне границе гарантује виши степен безбедности једне државе. Предуслов за ефикасно спровођење надзора државне границе јесте да активности и мере, које се спроводе на граници, предузимају .добро обучени и едуковани припадници граничне полиције. Аутори у раду желе да утврде који је ниво оспособљености припадника граничне полиције МУП-а Републике Србије на пословима контроле прелажења и обезбеђења државне границе. Они у раду износе резултате емпиријског истраживања у коме је анкетирано 64 припадника граничне полиције, који обављају послове обезбеђења и контроле прелажења државне границе, у циљу утврђивања њихове оспособљености за надзор државне границе. У закључним разматрањима аутори, на основу анализе резултата истраживања, предлажу решења у циљу подизања нивоа оспособљености за ефикасан надзор државне границе.Military system of state border security, relevant in the second part of the 20th
century, which was based on the line concept of security, has been superseded
and is not applied in the developed European countries, since in the past it
functioned as a state border protection from a potential aggressor. Nowadays,
the applied police system of border security is based on the line and in-depth
concept, aimed at countering cross-border crime. Well-organized protection of
state borders, conducted by the border police, may be, together with
cooperation with other relevant bodies responsible for internal security, an
effective filter in preventing all forms of cross-border crime. Activities and
measures taken by the border police must be a part of the protection system of
internal security, which means that effective border surveillance guarantees a
higher level of a state security. Prerequisite for the effective implementation of
border surveillance is that actions and measures, implemented at the border, are
taken by well trained and educated members of the border police. The authors
of this paper wanted to determine the qualification level of members of the
Border Police of the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Serbia assigned to
the position of border-crossing control and state border security. This paper
presents the results of the empirical research in which 64 members of the border
police, who perform security and the border crossing control jobs and who were selected using a disproportionate stratified sample method from the population
of police officers from the Border Police Directorate, Ministry of Interior of the
Republic of Serbia, were polled in order to determine the level of qualification
for border surveillance. The above sample represents about 2% of the entire
population of employees in the Border Police Directorate. The questionnaire
consisted of three groups of questions. The first group of questions had a
general character, that is, they related to the collection of data on the surveyed
population, length of service in the Ministry of Interior and the Border Police,
gender, etc. The second group of questions related to education of the Border
Police officers concerning the theme of control and border security. The last
group of questions related to the training of Border Police officers regarding
human trafficking, a type of crime that has been threatening both the borders of
the Republic of Serbia the most in recent years, and its visa-free regime with the
European Union states. The results of the research showed that members of the
Border Police are not sufficiently trained to control the border, because, while
being educated at police training institutions, most of them did not have any, or
had insufficient number of subjects related to border issues. In conclusion, the
authors propose solutions in order to increase the level of qualification for
effective border surveillance based on the research results analysis. The solutions
relate both to education of those currently employed at the Border Police
Directorate of the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Serbia, and to the new
staff, who are educated within the police education system
