GenderOpen - Repositorium für die Geschlechterforschung
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    Transnationale queere Solidarität als „burden of the fittest“? Zur Problematik einer Einpassung von LGBTIQ*-Rechten in die Logik von Entwicklungszusammenarbeit

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    Auf der Basis einer produktiven Zusammenführung von Erkenntnissen aus dem Bereich der postkolonialen und ‚radikalen‘ Entwicklungsforschung und queeren Auseinandersetzungen mit homonationalistischen Implikationen globaler LGBTIQ*-Politiken diskutiert dieser Beitrag das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Entwicklungszusammenarbeit und transnationaler queerer Solidarität. Es wird gezeigt, inwiefern Solidarität vor dem Hintergrund einer problematischen Aktualisierung modernisierungstheoretischer und developmentalistischer Annahmen im Zuge LGBTIQ*-inklusiver bzw. SOGI-sensibler Entwicklungsagenden vor allem als eine Verantwortung ‚der Entwickelten‘ bzw. mit Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak gesprochen, als „burden of the fittest“, geframt wird. In diesem Zusammenhang nimmt der Beitrag auf der Basis postkolonialer Entwicklungskritiken die selbstaffirmativen Implikationen von entwicklungspolitischen Artikulationen transnationaler queerer Solidarität in den Blick und untersucht, inwieweit diese als eine Form der okzidentalistischen Selbstvergewisserung interpretiert werden können. In einem letzten Teil wird problematisiert, inwiefern eine Viktimisierung von LGBTIQ*s im Globalen Süden bzw. insgesamt eine sogenannte Spektakularisierung von Gewalt gegen LGBTIQ*s in den sogenannten Partnerländern als zentraler diskursiver Bedingungsrahmen für transnationale queere Solidarität fungiert

    Family Law and Domestic Disputes in Colonial Korea

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    Rules of the House examines the transformation of the Korean family during and after Japanese colonial rule. Through in-depth reading of civil litigation records, the book shows how the Japanese colonial legal system transformed Korean families from the traditional patrilineal family system into small, patriarchal households. The new domestic pattern proved remarkably durable, forming the basis of postcolonial family life. Women feature prominently in the book. Increasingly marginalized by patriarchy, women embodied the fault line between one family system as it receded and the other as it expanded under the auspices of Japanese colonial law. As a consequence, women’s rights to family property, inheritance, divorce, and adoption of heirs were frequently challenged by family members. Far from being quiet victims, these women brought their cases to the colonial courts and won a surprising number of cases. The book highlights how legal discourse about women’s rights in colonial civil courts articulated the transformation of the family

    Zur Geschichte der Kriminalisierung der Homosexualität in Deutschland

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    Die Ausgrenzung und Diskriminierung von Homosexuellen hat in Deutschland eine lange Tradition. Mit dem §175 StGB hatte sie sogar Gesetzeskraft. Florian Grams zeichnet in seinem Beitrag die Geschichte der juristischen Verfolgung von homosexuellen Menschen in Deutschland nach

    „Being beaten like a drum“. Gewalt, Humanitarismus und Resilienz von Frauen in Flüchtlingslagern

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    In diesem Artikel analysieren wir Gewalt gegen, humanitären Schutz für und Bewältigungsstrategien von Frauen in Flüchtlingslagern anhand empirischer Forschung in Uganda. Auf Grundlage unserer Analysen argumentieren wir, dass Frauen in Lagern häufig sexueller und genderbasierter Gewalt ausgesetzt sind, obwohl humanitäre Organisationen Maßnahmen ergreifen, um sie zu unterstützen und zu schützen. Eine kritische Bewertung dieser Maßnahmen zeigt, dass Frauen meist durch Vulnerabilität definiert werden, wodurch ihr Handlungsvermögen vernachlässigt wird. Hingegen belegt die soziale Realität, dass Frauen diverse Strategien ergreifen, um Herausforderungen zu bewältigen und zu ihrem eigenen Schutz beizutragen

    Changing Gender Norms in Islam Between Reason and Revelation

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    Women‘s movements in Islamic countries have had a long and arduous journey in their quest for the realization of human rights and genuine equality. The author examines whether discriminatory laws against women do in fact originate from Islam and, ultimately, if there is any interpretation of Islam compatible with gender equality. She investigates women’s rights in Iran since the 1979 Revolution from the perspectives of the main currents of Islamic thought, fundamentalists, reformists, and seculars, using a sociological explanation. The disputes about human reason and its relation to revelation can be traced in various Islamic schools of thought since the eighth century AD. However, the disputes have intensified since the eighteenth century when Muslims faced challenges to their faith and social order, brought about by modernity and enlightenment from the West. There were various reactions within the Islamic world. These reflections produced different interpretations of Islam that can be categorized based on their understanding of how compatible Islamic laws are with a specific time and space; as well as how they define the relationship between human reason and revelation. The three major interpretations of Islam within a spectrum are on the far right fundamentalists, in the middle reformists, and on the far left secularists; each having diverse views on the legitimacy and applicability of all Islamic law in modern times, and consequently having various perspectives on justice and gender equality. Accordingly, the author aims to investigate the different interpretations on Islam to find out which interpretations are compatible with the global norms of justice, and hence in accord to women’s rights and gender equality. In order to analyze the Islamic thought flows through a sociological perspective, a theoretical model is proposed based on theories of sociology of religion (Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann), Structuration theory (Anthony Giddens) and struggles related to universal norms of justice (Nancy Fraser, Axel Honneth, Seyla Benhabib). According to this theoretical model, there is a dialectical relationship between individual and structure. Religion, as a factor of structure, defines a framework of interaction for individual agents in personal and social life. Religion also offers a value and meaning system for human beings. On the other hand, human beings examine the patterns of interaction through ‘reflexive monitoring,’ and employing human reason and rational explanation. Therefore, human beings do not passively accept all patterns of interaction. In this model of dialectical relationship between individual and structure, justice means providing equal access to political, economic, and cultural resources in society and in the family. On this matter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women provide practical and universal criteria for the protection of human and women’s rights, and ensure gender equality in society. Following the theoretical model, the research aims to reconstruct the main interpretations of Islam in three core issues of Islamic law, human reason, and women’s rights considering universal norms of justice

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