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Electric Vehicle Battery Cooling via Loop Heat Pipes coupled with Underbody Aerodynamics
Get PDFThis paper presents a feasibility study on a fully passive cooling system for electric vehicles using Loop Heat Pipes (LHP) to transfer the batteries excess heat to the underbody of the vehicle. Multiple LHPs are in contact with a battery module, on the evaporator side, while their condensers are embedded in the underbody of the vehicle, cooled via aerodynamic cooling. The study is conducted numerically, by means of a previously validated transient 1-D Lumped Parameter Model (LPM) able to simulate the thermos-fluidic behavior of the LHP, and aerodynamic CFD simulations coupled with heat transfer. The CFD results provide the convection heat transfer coefficient at the condenser wall, which is inputted into the 1-D LPM to design the condenser in order to achieve successful operation of the cooling system, and to evaluate the temperature evolution of the cells. The performance of the proposed cooling system was evaluated over 1C, 2C, 3C charging cycles followed by a 30 minutes 1C driving section. The proposed cooling system was able to contain the cell temperature inside the acceptable limits, even at challenging conditions such as 3C charging, with maximum temperature being 51.6 °C for 3C, 39.3 °C for 2C and 27.5 °C for 1C. All without using any additional energy
Topic modelling through the bibliometrics lens and its technique
Get PDFTopic modelling (TM) is a significant natural language processing (NLP) task and is becoming more popular, especially, in the context of literature synthesis and analysis. Despite the growing volume of studies on the use of and versatility of TM, the knowledge of TM development, especially from the perspective of bibliometrics analysis is limited. To this end, this study evaluated TM research using two techniques namely, bibliometrics analysis and TM itself to provide the current status and the pathway for future studies in the TM field. For this purpose, this study used 16,941 documents collected from Scopus database from 2004 to 2023. Results indicate that the publications on TM have increased over the years, however, the citation impact has declined. Furthermore, the scientific production on TM is concentrated in two countries namely, China and the USA. Our findings showed there are several applications of TM that are understudied, for example, TM for image segmentation and classification. This paper highlighted the future research directions, most importantly, calls for increased multidisciplinary research approaches to fully deploy TM algorithms optimally and thus, increase usage in non-computer science subject areas
Beyond Accreditation: Sports Journalism and Citizen Witnessing
No full textCitizen witnessing is particularly relevant to sports in crisis. It provides a refreshing contrast to a professional sports journalism culture that has become routinised and homogenised via accreditation. Citizen witnesses expand sports coverage in ways professional journalists cannot. The 2024 Copa America showed how mass spectator events can produce an army of citizen witnesses who offer different angles on breaking news events such as football violence. Elsewhere, those with special access to behind the scenes in sports can use mobile technology to whistle blow, with animal welfare in equestrianism during the build-up to the 2024 Paris Olympics a prime example
Peer feedback in higher education:student perceptions of peer review and strategies for learning enhancement
Get PDFThis article explores student perceptions and experiences of peer review, the influences on potential feedback uptake, and the value attributed to discourse and collaborative learning processes in personal development. Higher education is increasingly promoting active student engagement in feedback, yet perceptions of the quality of feedback experiences, as voiced in evaluations and national student surveys, appear to contradict this movement’s aims, calling into question the effectiveness of current practice. This article aims to contribute to the development of dialogic feedback approaches by identifying potential barriers and enablers to effective peer review, with this insight significant for improving student learning experiences. Based on a qualitative study and thematic analysis of formative peer review practice by undergraduate students, it found that peer reviews are valued as a dialogic feedback practice because they encourage independent learning, and that they offer significant value in developing critical thinking skills and self-reflection. Key student engagement factors include constructive learning environments, emotional management, tutor-student power relations, and iterative cycles of developmental learning. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed. The article contributes novel strategies for advancing peer review practice and embedding dialogic feedback within higher education to increase student agency over their own learning
Employee ownership
No full textAn introduction to employee ownership from the perspective of critical management
Ambivalent Internationalisation:Reviewing Literature on the Social Policy Context for International Students in the United Kingdom and Implications for Social Exclusion
Get PDFThis study explored the social policy context for international students in the UK and its implications for social exclusion (an inability to fully participate in society). Within a rapid review policy literature addressing international student experience, forty-two articles from the Web of Science and Social Science Research Network (SSRN) were selected through multiple screenings. Migration and education were the most explored policy areas, followed by inequalities, work, health and wellbeing, security, and housing. Results demonstrated that policy both creates barriers to inclusion (e.g. hostile environment migration/ bordering practices) and supports inclusion/adaption to social exclusion-related challenges (e.g. sanctuary scholarships for forced migrants, Graduate visas). All international students to some degree lack equitable participation in wellbeing-relevant provision. Overall, policies are constructed so the state and universities can extract value from internationals without fully including them in British society. Policies abdicate responsibility for students’ inclusion, making it expensive and complicated to build a life there
Superheated flash-boiling atomisation effects on spray carbon capture performance using non-aqueous amines
Get PDFThere is an urgent need to develop energy and space efficient carbon capture technologies for hard to decarbonise sectors. While spray-based carbon capture systems can offer high CO2 absorption rates compared to packed columns, their optimisation requires fine control on spray homogeneity and droplet properties such as size and relative velocity. More specifically, denser mono-disperse sprays with micron scale droplets have been found to increase the rate of CO2 absorption due to increased surface area for mass transfer. One approach that has not previously been investigated is to control the solvent spray properties through flash boiling atomisation to consistently produce fine and homogeneous droplets. To address this gap, we present optical measurements comparing the performance of solvents atomised with varying degrees of flash boiling. Diffuse-back illumination extinction imaging was used for temporal characterisation of spray morphology. We tested a 20:80 (%w/w) blend of triethanolamine and methanol, and neat isopropylamine under six temperature conditions to vary the amount of superheat. Absorption capacities, molar absorption rates, and CO2 percentage removal are reported for each test condition, showing significant improvements at the higher temperature conditions where flash boiling was more intense. While flash boiling carbon capture carries a higher energy demand than conventional technologies, our results offer an innovative and promising avenue for high-efficiency CO2 absorption in hard-to-abate sectors such as marine transportation, especially when coupled with a waste heat recovery strategy
Critical Success Factors for Open Innovation Strategies in SMEs:Who or How?
No full textSmall and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have been found as the best way to renew the economy. Nevertheless, SMEs suffer from a number of structural weaknesses. The strategy of Open Innovation is considered ideal to address these weaknesses. This chapter builds on the investigation of 75 SMEs implementing Open Innovation projects across Europe and which are identified as success outliers. Four different types of partnerships are analysed. Partnering with Public Sector Research Organisations is promoted through “golden partnership” agreement and allowing SMEs to be present at their special events while government sponsored programmes are used to access funding and potential partners. Having people on board with previous experience with Large Firms facilitates the partnership with an SME while the SME’s internal management structures may have to be adapted and the SME can consult specialist advisor when negotiating the agreement. Partnerships with Other SMEs are enhanced by establishing clear rules of partnerships, such as roles, risk involved, and intellectual property, early on in the relationship and managing relationships at the personal level play a crucial role in sustaining these partnerships. As for engagement with the Crowd and Individuals, SMEs can validate new technologies, use crowdsourcing to showcase radical innovations and identify further investments and/or potential customers; utilising Intellectual property rights as an incentive for participation and quality assurance was found as a key success factor. The successful completion of an innovation project in an SME will require in all likelihood different types of partnerships at different stages of the innovation process. This practically means that for an SME needs to learn how to systematically apply open innovation developing ambidextrous Open Innovation capabilities to identify, monitor, evaluate and possibly terminate partnerships with different partners
COVID-19: everyday stories of life in lockdown as told by parents of young children in England
Get PDFPandemic-focused projects in Early Childhood have amplified concerns such as child poverty, separation/attachment, maternal anxiety, and other health issues. However, significant attention in actual reports in published literature to the affective experiences of young children was almost entirely lacking. This study created child-focused narratives which qualitatively characterise the salient issues of rejection, heartbreak, and sadness as six families in England with young children reflected on their experiences of ‘Lockdown’. The project embraced a life history case study approach within a purposive sampling frame and used dialogic interviews which revealed the myriad ways in which young lives were disturbed, not least as exigent events of care and affect displaced the familial and the familiar in the child’s life. The themes revealed the significant upheaval in the children’s experiences exemplified through five vignettes related to ‘shutting’: the management of Home–School relationships; the impact of proscribed contact generally; the fracture of family patterns of contact; the ‘darkness’ of lockdown memories; and the all-encompassing fifth theme: the disruption of the child’s self
UoB Photo Competition - People's Prize Winner:Between Air and Water: Where do you belong—above or below?
No full textThe water wraps around skin like a whisper, muffling the world beyond sight. Bubbles escape, shimmering fragments of breath, dissolving into the current. Here, between air and water, sensation takes over—the pressure of liquid against skin, the cool rush of movement, the vibration of sound distorted in an aquatic hush.For those with visual impairments, blue spaces are not simply seen; they are felt, heard, embodied. But what happens when the world assumes nature is only for those who can see its beauty? How does it feel to navigate a space designed without you in mind?This research challenges the romanticized narrative of water as universally freeing, instead asking: who gets to access this freedom? Through the voices of VI individuals, it explores how blue spaces both embrace and exclude, soothe and alienate. It calls for a new way of seeing—one that listens, adapts, and truly includes.<br/