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Two-Phase Swirling Flow and Gas Hydrate Particle Deposition Behavior in Bending Pipelines
No full textThe present study employs numerical simulation to analyze the behavior of gas hydrate particles in bending pipelines, focusing on the influence of swirl flow on particle deposition under varying bending angles, pipe-to-diameter ratios, Reynolds numbers, and twist rates. Results indicate that larger bending angles, smaller twist rates, and higher Reynolds numbers produce stronger swirl flows at pipe entry and sustain higher swirl numbers along the pipeline. Conversely, larger pipe-to-diameter ratios result in greater swirl number variations, slower attenuation, and weaker outflow. Moreover, the phenomenon of hydrate particle deposition is more serious in the straight pipe section. Particle retention at the pipe outlet is 1.5 times higher than in the bending section. The bent pipe is more conducive to the flow of particles. For instance, with a bend rate increasing from 1 to 4, the swirl number decreases by 57.49%. Additionally, the deposition rate of particles is reduced at higher Reynolds numbers, with rates falling below 1% at a Reynolds number of 20,000. These findings highlight the need to optimize swirl flow parameters to reduce hydrate deposition, preventing blockages and improving pipeline safety in industrial applications.</p
Blusher:Makeup and Materiality
No full textMakeup is a malleable medium; painterly and symbolic, with an ability to conceal andtransform appearance. It is a marker of both female emancipation and oursubjugation to the dictates of a patriarchal capitalist culture.Makeup is often referred to as an art in glossy magazines and coffee table books.But how does art deal with makeup? The visual, material, and experientialconnections, between making-up and artmaking are apparent, but makeup’sconnection with femininity problematises it, connecting it to artforms and aestheticsrich in colour and decoration which have historically been considered trivial andunworthy of serious academic interest.Beyond this, patriarchal societies have always had a complex relationship withmakeup; ill at ease with its role in beautification, deception, and sexual allure, butappreciative of a ’naturally' made-up female face. Consequently, for long periods ofhistory makeup has been a taboo in polite society.Inspired by the formal transformative qualities of makeup, alongside its hapticity, rolein ritual, and position in the commodification of femininity, Blusher unashamedlyforegrounds this versatile medium, with work by artists that showcase makeup’smultifarious meanings in a variety of media
Person-Centredness and paternalism:the dance with power
Get PDFObjective:The World Health Organization advocates for person-centredness (PC) as essential for quality care, yet its definitions and interpretations vary widely among professionals. Most qualitative research on PC focuses on physiotherapists in countries such as the UK, Australia, and the US, where PC is explicitly emphasised. In contrast, the term PC is absent in French educational standards, and its promotion is lacking in the French healthcare system. This study explores French physiotherapists' conceptualisation of PC.Methods:This phenomenographic study followed an interpretivist paradigm. Seven physiotherapists practicing in France were purposively selected. Data were collected through remote semi-structured interviews, transcribed verbatim, and translated into English. The analysis followed the steps outlined by Larsson and Holmström (2007).Findings:Three categories were generated to illustrate the conceptualisation of PC by participants: Creating a relationship, Adapting the rehabilitation, and Giving the choice. Despite recognising the importance of these aspects, they also highlighted challenges related to paternalism and power dynamics, which often limited trusting relationships, effective adaptations and true shared decision-making.Conclusion:While these physiotherapists expressed a commitment to person-centred practices, they encountered challenges in relinquishing power, highlighting the ongoing journey towards becoming person centred.<br/
Pupil voice as a method in Education research:thinking the ‘in-between’
Get PDFThis methodological paper is both an account of the method developed in a study exploring young people’s views of school Physical Education (PE) and a reflection on that process. The research involved 154 pupils aged 14-16-year-old in two English secondary schools. A focus group (6 pupils per school) drove the direction of the study, which incorporated a questionnaire survey of the whole year group in both schools (154 respondents) and 12 individual interviews. Of central concern to the paper is the tendency of pupil voice activities and research to result in compromise or tokenism. The study reported on here attempted to avoid this through a pragmatic approach which was initiated and completed by adults but gave as much power as possible over to young people. Drawing for the first time in this context on Rancière’s theory, it proposes an ‘in-between’ method as a means of doing voice research which acknowledges the multiplicity and complexity of young people’s voices and promotes credibility in place of notions of purity or authenticity
Partitioning of fatty acids between membrane and storage lipids controls ER membrane expansion
Get PDFBiogenesis of membrane-bound organelles involves the synthesis, remodeling, and degradation of their constituent phospholipids. How these pathways regulate organelle size remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that a lipid-degradation pathway inhibits expansion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. Phospholipid diacylglycerol acyltransferases (PDATs) use endogenous phospholipids as fatty-acyl donors to generate triglyceride stored in lipid droplets. The significance of this non-canonical triglyceride biosynthesis pathway has remained elusive. We find that the activity of the yeast PDAT Lro1 is regulated by a membrane-proximal helical segment facing the luminal side of the ER bilayer. To reveal the biological roles of PDATs, we engineered an Lro1 variant with derepressed activity. We show that active Lro1 mediates retraction of ER membrane expansion driven by phospholipid synthesis. Furthermore, subcellular distribution and membrane turnover activity of Lro1 are controlled by diacylglycerol produced by the activity of Pah1, a conserved member of the lipin family. Collectively, our findings reveal a lipid-metabolic network that regulates endoplasmic reticulum biogenesis by converting phospholipids into storage lipids
Gravity effects on lower limb perfusion observed during a series of parabolic flights
Get PDFThe present observational study simultaneously measured four key factors (arterial oxygenation, superficial tissue oxygenation, peripheral skin temperature, toe systolic pressure) to determine the impact on lower limb perfusion in altered gravity conditions. 24 healthy test subjects (16 male, 8 female) took part onboard a series of parabolic flights. When comparing lower limb perfusion values to 1G (control/Earth’s gravity) the study found: 1) no significant difference between arterial oxygenation values in hyper or microgravity was detected when using a pulse oximeter; 2) a significant difference in superficial tissue oxygenation in hyper and microgravity was detected by white light spectroscopy; 3) a significant difference in skin temperature of the foot was detected by thermography in hyper and microgravity; 4) an insufficient sample could be obtained for toe systolic pressure. Reduction in superficial tissue oxygenation and peripheral skin temperature in microgravity compared to 1G, potentially suggests a reduction in blood flow. White light spectroscopy and thermography devices demonstrated they functioned as usual in altered gravity conditions potentially offering a quick, reliable method of assessing the acute effects of hyper and microgravity on lower limb perfusion. These methods may be useful to predict healing potential when injuries occur and highlight early warning signs of tissue damage due to poor perfusion. However, additional work to further establish the impact on oxygen transport in the superficial tissues in both acute and sustained microgravity would be beneficial
Dilemma:Utilizing the activation decision-construction-action theory to understand and predict children's hypothetical decisions to conceal cases of school bullying
Get PDFThe Decision component of the Activation-Decision-Construction-Action theory (ADCAT) proposes that if people perceive the benefits of lying higher than the truth, they are more likely to lie. To expand on the existing ADCAT research, the current study investigated the cost-benefit appraisals of 115 children ages 7-to-14 when concealing information about school bullying. Further, the current study examined the impact of the type of bullying (verbal vs. physical), type of exposure to bullying (victim vs. bystander-witness), and familiarity of the person to whom they could disclose (familiar adult vs. unfamiliar adult) when evaluating ADCAT. The results indicate that the expected value of lie-telling and motivation to lie were only significantly related to decisions to lie when the child is the victim of physical bullying and being questioned by a familiar person. Whereas the expected value of truth-telling was only significantly related to decisions to lie when the child is the victim of verbal bullying and being questioned by an unfamiliar person. Discriminant function analysis models were also statistically significant for these two vignettes, meaning that ADCAT-dependent measures could be used to accurately classify the truth and lie tellers for these two vignettes. Furthermore, developmental factors such as age, gender and Theory-of-Mind skills of the ADCAT-dependent measures within each scenario were examined. This study provides further understanding of the complexities in cases of school bullying, particularly as it relates to social-cognitive factors that encourage or discourage children and adolescents from disclosing these events
Death Anxiety Among Peer Caregivers of Older Persons in Two US Prisons
Get PDFBackground: Death anxiety is marked by worrisome thoughts and feelings surrounding death. It can influence health care workers’ performance and increase workforce attrition, yet no study has examined death anxiety among persons who provide peer care in the correctional system. Methods: Two small samples of peer caregivers working in two US prisons were surveyed (N = 27). Using the 15-item Death Anxiety Scale, we first described death anxiety using descriptive statistics. We examined gender disparities using an independent sample t-test and explored the associations between death anxiety, caregiver burden, and depression using Kendalls’ Tau-b. Results: Average death anxiety for the sample was 6.30 (SD = 2.88) and while women reported greater death anxiety than men, (M = 6.82, SD = 2.77; M = 5.40, SD = 2.99, respectively), the difference was not significant (t(25) = 1.25, p = 0.111). Although death anxiety did not relate to care burden or depression, a significant relationship was found between care burden and depression for peer caregivers in this sample. Conclusions: This is the first study to examine death anxiety among correctional system peer caregivers. Further research with larger samples, and across multiple jurisdictions and facility types is required as is investigation of the influence of death anxiety on care outcomes
Unsettling accounts:Voicing disquiet in other rainforests
Get PDFWomen's Voices from the Rainforest. Janet Gabriel Townsend (in collaboration with Ursula Arrevillaga, Jennie Bain, Socorro Cancino, Susan F. Frenk, Silvana Pacheco and Elia Pérez). Routledge, London, UK and New York, USA, 1995, pp. viii + 212. ISBN 978-0-415-10532-3 (pbk).Women's Voices from the Rainforest (WVFTR) provides an unsettling account of women's experiences in the process of transforming forests to fields in Colombia and Mexico. In this short reflection, I elaborate on what I found ‘unsettling’, initially during my engagement with the book and its genesis, but also on the ways the approach and substantive themes of the book continue to unsettle my own research journey and messy collaborations in Indonesia. Re-reading Janet Townsend's work, I realize how much her informal mentorship through the pages of the book and through our in-person conversations have shaped the substantive themes of my work on resettlement (Indonesia's transmigration programme) and ‘forced’ displacement (associated with conservation and large-scale corporate investments in oil palm), always with an evolving (and sometimes troubled) idea of learning stories ‘from below’ (Elmhirst, 1999; Elmhirst et al., 2017).<br/
