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Editorial Introduction:Making Museum Professionals
No full textAccess to museum careers and the nature of a “successful” career is shaped by individuals, communities, and global historical forces. This special section explores the exclusions, practices, negotiations, and reshapings that have impacted museum workers’ professional identities and professional trajectories over time and in different parts of the world. This introduction identifies key themes illuminated through the articles and commissioned “In conversation” pieces selected here: we show how identities are relational, as museum workers are made—and find both support and disadvantage—through their relationships inside and outside the museum. We identify the histories and legacies of the hierarchies and power relations implicit in the very idea of the “museum professional,” deconstructing notions of amateurism, expertise and authority, and examining the intersection of the professional and the personal.</p
Using large language models for narrative analysis:a novel application of generative AI
Get PDFThis study, a collaboration between the University of Southampton and Ipsos UK, aimed to develop and test a novel method for analysing qualitative data using generative artificial intelligence (AI). It compared large language model (LLM)-conducted analysis with human analysis of the same qualitative data, explored optimisation of LLMs for narrative analysis and evaluated their benefits and drawbacks. Using existing data, 138 short stories written by young people (aged 13–25 years) about social media, identity formation and food choices were analysed separately three times: by human researchers, and by two different LLMs (Claude and GPT-o1). The method was developed iteratively, combining Ipsos' artificial intelligence (AI) expertise and tools with researchers’ qualitative analysis expertise. Claude and GPT-o1 each conducted a narrative analysis of all 138 stories using the same analytic steps as the human researchers. Findings between the humans and both LLMs were then compared. Both LLMs quickly and successfully conducted a narrative analysis of the stories. Their findings were comparable to those of the human researchers and were judged by the researchers to be credible and thorough. Beyond replication, the LLMs provided additional insights into the data that enhanced the human analysis. This study highlights the significant potential benefits of LLMs to the field of qualitative research and proposes that LLMs could one day be seen as valuable tools for strengthening research quality and increasing efficiency. Additionally, this study discusses ethical concerns surrounding responsible AI use in research and proposes a framework for using LLMs in qualitative analysis
A Political Football:Sports Broadcasters, Metajournalistic Discourse and Critiquing and Covering the Qatar World Cup
No full textUK sports broadcasters found themselves at the centre of political debate at the 2022 Qatar World Cup. Sports broadcast journalists interpreted their public-service function as both critiquing and covering the tournament and metajournalistic discourse was important in legitimating two seemingly contradictory professional positions. However, sports broadcasters also found themselves contending with politically charged viewpoints that asserted they should either not criticise Qatar at all or boycott the World Cup if they adopted critical positions. This chapter considers how metajournalistic discourse on the professional integrity, ethics, conduct and standards of sports broadcasters was utilised by practitioners to justify critiquing and covering Qatar 2022 and political/media commentators as part of a broader narrative on culture wars. It considers key and prominent critical incidents of metajournalistic discourse from both political and practitioner positions that played out in the media both before and during the World Cup. The chapter concludes by arguing that the centrality of sports broadcasters to political debate are likely to replicate and repeat at mega-events going forward given the increasingly unstable and unpredictable geo-political climate
Governance Structures in Cooperative Strategies
No full textThis chapter follows five phases in the process of examining governance structures in cooperative strategies. First, key concepts such as governance and governance structures are defined before presenting the theoretical framework comprised of the transaction cost economics (TCE), resource-based view (RBV), resource-dependency (RDT), agency, stakeholder, and institutional theories. Second, principles guiding governance structures are examined to suggest the adoption of legitimacy, transparency, accountability, and participation as building blocks of trust, the vital ingredient in cooperative strategies. Third, the theoretical framework and the literature examined supports the identification of twenty-six types of governance structures across eight perspectives through rationales behind their diverse typology and differentiation. Fourth, this chapter recognizes the imminent presence of risks that cooperative strategies face before presenting the fifth and last phase where I conclude with key takeaways and suggestions for further research
Small boats:the border conundrum
No full textThe official website for Small Boats: The Border Conundrum, a 50-minute documentary examining contrasting British and French perspectives on small boat crossings in the English Channel. Featuring insights from journalists, academics, NGOs, and policymakers, the documentary aims to challenge dominant narratives and promote cross-border understanding. The website includes background to the project, interviewee information, and production context. The film was financially supported by the University of Brighton but independently produced
Accelerate Action - Women In Change:Artists raising their voices loudly + quietly
No full textInspired by this year’s International Women’s Day, ‘Accelerate Action’ presents stories exploring women coming together to initiate action and change within their communities, making their voices heard, both loudly and quietly.Presenting artworks by artists Katy Beinart, Helen Dewhurst, Molly Grad, Arabel Lebrusan, Nasreen Shaikh Jamal al-lail, Sally Sutherland, All Change Arts & Procreate Project, the exhibition presents narratives of women responding to issues of inequality, injustice and transformation.Sculptural cries for survival sit alongside designs for new care-focused futures and spaces. Voices looking forward and looking back construct hopeful, determined images, calling for an end to violence in all its forms, holding space for peace and for change.Pushing for and propelling action, these creative gestures demand transformations both individually and collectively, calling for deeper understanding and value of the intersectional complexities and issues women, girls and marginalised individuals and groups face. Through these works, the artists balance unflinching documentation of lives lost, with proactive future building, solving problems and proposing new manifestos for spaces, while redefining possibilities for personal creativity.Daring to imagine new futures, these creative works can be seen as social tools, building resilience through consciousness raising and changemaking action. Laying new pathways, they send out threads of community connection between marginalised groups, calling for solidarity and healing - holding on to hope, while striving for better times ahead.<br/
Evaluating early mobilisation in critically ill COVID-19 patients:Secondary analysis from the ESICM UNITE-COVID-II multicentre observational study
Get PDFBackground Early mobilisation (EM) within the first 72 hours of ICU admission is essential for preventing ICU-acquired weakness; however, mobilisation rates remained low among mechanically ventilated (MV) COVID-19 patients during the pandemic waves. This study aimed to characterise the association between EM and 60-day outcomes. Methods A multicentre observational study conducted by the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) examined mobilisation strategies during the second COVID-19 wave (UNITE-COVIDed2021). All patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who were in the ICU on the peak day between 1 January and 1 June 2021 were included. The analysis expanded on the UNITE-COVIDed2020 study, comparing the first and second COVID-19 waves using a combined dataset. Results Data from 2,053 patients during the second wave across 103 ICUs in 35 countries were analysed and compared with 4,190 patients from the first wave. EM was achieved in 801 (39%) vs. 1114 (27%), p