435032 research outputs found
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When do voters ‘rally around the flag’? The salience of political messages
No full textDoes exposure to conflict harm the electoral prospects of the incumbent government or generate a “rally around the flag” effect? Additionally, what role do politicians and media play in converting conflict exposure into votes? Using exogenous variation in conflict exposure in the home constituencies of deceased soldiers in India and a difference-in-differences regression, we find an increase in incumbent vote share in these constituencies, indicating a significant “rally around the flag” effect. Only conflicts receiving heightened attention in political speeches and media coverage exhibit this effect. These findings highlight the salience of political messages in shaping voter responses to conflict
How patron-client relations influence fisheries co-management:A case study of Bangladesh
No full textPatron-client relations have long played a significant role in influencing the management of fisheries and shaping fisherfolk livelihoods. Despite a vast literature on patron-client relations in fisheries, little literature explicitly examines how these relations influence fisheries co-management. This paper responds to this gap by reporting on research into how patron-client relations interact with fisheries co-management, with consequences for how fisheries co-management operates and performs. Taking Bangladesh as a case study, two examples of co-management supported by different donor-funded projects were investigated using a framework to analyse the nature and implications of patron-client relations on co-management. The research drew on the concepts of hidden and invisible power by Gaventa (2006) and the defining characteristics of patron-client relations and co-management to identify three key analytical themes: power relations; obligation and trust; and, cultural norms. The study found that the powerful non-fisherfolk senior males in the Panchayat (village-organization), the patrons in the studied areas, manipulated co-management structures and processes, used patron-client relations in the form of male community leaders (Panchayat)-fisherfolk links and developed informal rules to control access of the fisherfolk to fisheries and credit, to maintain their power and status. Patrons used existing systems of social status that set fishers at the bottom of social ranking and women largely away from public spaces, preventing the co-management systems from being inclusive and empowering. The research confirmed that patron-client relations within a fishing community can significantly shape externally-introduced co-management by influencing who is involved in fisheries co-management and how it functions
World Cinema in Flux Redux
No full textRevised and expanded version of chapter 'Cinemas of Citizens and Cinemas of Sentiment: World Cinema in More Flux' from the first edition of The Routledge Companion to World Cinema</i
R&D support, digital entrepreneurship, and product innovation
No full textDespite the increasing attention to innovation in emerging markets, there remains a dearth of studies that specifically examine how and when R&D support drives firm-level innovation through digital entrepreneurship. Utilizing time-lag data collected from 212 firms in an emerging market using digital platforms, the study examines the impact of R&D support on product innovation through the mediating role of digital entrepreneurship. Our results indicate a positive intervening role of digital entrepreneurship in R&D support and product innovation relationship. The findings contribute to the product innovation and digital entrepreneurship literature by highlighting the mechanism through which R&D support yields greater product innovation outcomes
Rethinking operations and supply chain management in the blockchain era:Insights and research directions
No full textThis editorial introduces the Special Issue on “Rethinking Operations and Supply Chain Management in the Blockchain Era” published in the International Journal of Production Economics. The Special Issue brings together 15 papers that collectively advance theoretical, empirical, and practical understanding of blockchain's transformative role in operations and supply chain management. Drawing upon their contributions, the papers are clustered into three thematic areas: (1) blockchain for governance and coordination; (2) blockchain for digital capabilities and performance; and (3) blockchain for sustainability and institutional legitimacy. Building on these clusters, the editorial proposes an integrative framework and research agenda that calls for multi-level, longitudinal, and data-driven approaches connecting blockchain's technical, organizational, and institutional dimensions. The findings highlight blockchain's potential to enable more transparent, resilient, and sustainable operations systems and supply chains while recognizing the managerial, technological, and institutional challenges that accompany its widespread adoption.</p
The aging cornea:From mechanisms to clinical applications
No full textAging is a multifactorial process characterized by a gradual decline in function, increased susceptibility to diseases, and diminished regenerative capacity. As the primary refractive structure and barrier of the eye, the cornea undergoes significant structural and functional changes during aging, making individuals more prone to various ocular surface diseases. Key age-related corneal changes include epithelial thinning, stromal remodeling with increased collagen cross-linking, endothelial cell loss, and a decline in corneal nerve density and function. These changes are driven by core aging mechanisms such as genomic instability, telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, impaired autophagy, stem cell exhaustion, and chronic inflammation. This review systematically explores the clinical manifestations, molecular mechanisms, and potential therapeutic approaches for corneal aging, providing a scientific basis for delaying corneal aging, maintaining ocular health, and preserving visual function
Becoming a teacher:A gendered risk aversion strategy among aspirational middle-class women in Contemporary China
No full textChina's enduring Confucian ethics maintain a hierarchical, heteronormative gender order at its core, significantly impacting the subordinate role of women within a predominantly male-centric society. This traditional gender order continues to influence China's governance and family dynamics. Individuals in China, regardless of their sexual orientation, grapple with this normative structure in their daily lives, necessitating constant negotiation. Our study focuses on elucidating the persistence of this gender structure and its intersection with middle-class aspirations by examining one of China's most feminized professions—teachers. We employ gender and class as our primary analytical lenses to understand how female teachers make career and marital choices influenced by their gendered middle-class aspirations. By doing so, we reintroduce 'class' into the analysis of gender-related disparities in China, which is often overlooked. Furthermore, we emphasize the significance of considering gendered class analysis in contemporary discussions on labor issues, highlighting the central role of the heteronormative gender structure in shaping multifaceted inequalities in present-day China
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