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Transient protostellar cores in high mass star forming regions revealed by time-resolved synthetic imaging of dust emission
Get PDFThe connection between dense gas cores and their infant protostars is key to understanding how stars form in molecular clouds. In this paper we investigate the properties, persistence, and protostellar content of cores that would be identified by a dendrogram analysis of 1.3mm ALMA images. We use a time series of synthetic images produced by post-processing a simulation of star formation in a massive globally collapsing clump, with polaris to calculate dust radiative transfer and casa to generate synthetic ALMA data. Identifying sinks in the simulation with protostars, we find that most dendrogram-identified cores do not contain any protostars, with many cores being transient features associated with clumpy flow along feeder filaments. Cores with protostars generally host ≤3, and protostellar mass is not strongly correlated with the mass of the parent cores due to their transience and shifting boundaries. Calculating observationally relevant intensity-weighted average temperatures for all cores, we find that even at early times the core temperature distribution spans tens of Kelvin, and its width increases with time. The 1.3mm peak and integrated intensity of the brightest mm core do not increase monotonically as the most massive associated protostar grows, indicating it cannot be assumed that brighter mm sources host more massive protostars. Leveraging the time domain, we test observational properties that have been proposed as potential evolutionary indicators and find that only the total 1.3mm flux density of the region, the total 1.3mm flux density in cores, and the number of cores show strong, statistically significant correlation with time.</p
French Connections:Zoe Skoulding's European cities
No full textAlthough born in Bradford and raised in East Anglia, Zoë Skoulding can be considered a ‘Welsh European’, to adapt Raymond Williams’s phrase. She regards her adopted homeplace, Bangor, as a European city, and her poetry is frequently preoccupied with the connections – both material and imaginative – between places, especially where urban and non-urban spaces, the local and the global, are mutually entangled. This chapter will examine in detail her representations of European cityscapes, particularly as mediated by engagements with French or Francophone writers and thinkers, from the Situationist International to Michel de Certeau, Charles Baudelaire to Guillaume Apollinaire. Beginning with an account of Skoulding’s debts to, and deviations from, the Situationists in The Mirror Trade (2004) and Remains of a Future City (2008), we trace the growing significance of Paris and Parisian avant-gardes in Skoulding’s more recent work, including The Museum of Disappearing Sounds (2013), Footnotes to Water (2019), and A Revolutionary Calendar (2020). However, Skoulding’s restless, shape-shifting cityscapes, in which walking is a key spatial practice, are persistently informed by her location in and ambivalent identification with her home ground in North Wales. Consequently, in her poetry Bangor figures both as a place on the margins of post-Brexit Britain and a central node in the wider network that is European culture
Cycle Metrics and Strategy Detection for Automated Chair Sit-to-Stand Test Analysis Employing a Single Smartphone
No full textPURPOSE: The 30-second Chair Sit-to-Stand Test (30 s CST) is widely used to assess lower-limb function and reflects complex motor coordination across neural systems. However, conventional scoring methods are often inconsistent and fail to capture variations in compensatory movement strategies or require invasive instrumentation. This study presents a smartphone-based system that automatically detects rising strategies across repeated CST cycles, providing an automated approach to extract cycle-level biomarkers of motor performance.METHODS: Thirty-five adults 10 younger, 20 older, and 5 with Parkinson's disease performed supervised 30-s CST trials while wearing a waist-mounted smartphone that recorded accelerometer and gyroscope data at 400 Hz. Cycle detection used amplitude-adaptive thresholds and dominant-frequency intervals for robust segmentation of CST cycles. Rising strategies were classified with rule-based method that uses trunk pitch dynamics and cycle duration. Agreement with video annotations was assessed using Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC (2, 1)), Bland-Altman analysis, and macro F1 scores.RESULTS: The algorithm detected 660 CST cycles with 99% accuracy, and the average mean absolute error across participants was under 40 ms. Bland-Altman analysis showed negligible bias (- 0.012 s) and narrow limits of agreement (- 0.134 to 0.110 s). Strategy classification achieved macro F1 = 0.94. Flexion cycles were consistently longer than Momentum Transfer cycles (e.g., older adults: 2.63 vs. 1.45 s).CONCLUSION: Automated CST analysis reveals movement signatures not captured by standard timing, offering a richer characterization of mobility patterns. While these findings demonstrate technical feasibility and highlight clinically relevant variations, their application for diagnostic or personalized rehabilitation purposes remains preliminary and requires validation in larger cohorts.</p
Additional file 1 of Genome-wide association mapping and genomic prediction analyses reveal the genetic architecture of grain yield and agronomic traits under drought and optimum conditions in maize
No full textSupplementary Material 1: Supplementary Figure S1. Population structure analyses of 236 maize inbred lines based on 215,542 SNPs : (a) Evanno plot of the number of clusters (K) against delta K to determine the optimum number of K; (b) graphical representation of the 236 lines at K = 3 to K = 10. Each individual is shown as a vertical line divided into K colored segments, with segment lengths indicating the estimated probability of membership to each cluster
Targeting endophytic bacteria for plant growth promotion and heavy metal tolerance
No full textDatasets supporting linked thesi
Additional file 1 of Genome-wide association mapping and genomic prediction analyses reveal the genetic architecture of grain yield and agronomic traits under drought and optimum conditions in maize
No full textSupplementary Material 1: Supplementary Figure S1. Population structure analyses of 236 maize inbred lines based on 215,542 SNPs : (a) Evanno plot of the number of clusters (K) against delta K to determine the optimum number of K; (b) graphical representation of the 236 lines at K = 3 to K = 10. Each individual is shown as a vertical line divided into K colored segments, with segment lengths indicating the estimated probability of membership to each cluster
Photothermal UAS Multispectral Integration Dataset
No full textPer-plot UAS multispectral data, ground truth, and environmental data for 8 winter, facultative and spring oat trials grown at Gogerddan between 2020-2023
Aquinas in Brooklyn:Frank Samperi’s “Objectivist Poetics”
No full textFrank Samperi is a neglected twentieth-century American poet who produced a large body of poetry. Affiliated closely with Objectivist poetics through the mentorship of Louis Zukofsky, Samperi’s work is significantly influenced by the Catholic writings of Aquinas and Dante. With a commitment to linguistic self-reflexivity, an ethics of otherness, and a resistance to abstraction and identity thinking, Samperi’s work enhances and expands our understanding of the key traits of Objectivist poetics, often regarded as relying heavily on Judaic ideas and philosophies. As an Italian American Catholic, his poetry also demonstrates an immigrant’s compromise with Americanization, but an equally clear alignment with the emerging American poetic counterculture in the 1960s.</p
“Spirit child” and concomitant paedicides in Africa:A systematic review of the empirical literature
Get PDFA sizeable proportion of child homicides in most African communities is triggered by certain superstitious beliefs and practices such as the so-called “spirit child/children”–children, particularly disabled babies, believed to possess malevolent spirits that cause misfortunes and deaths in their families and the community. Such children are sometimes killed. The present study sought to consolidate and synthesise information on spirit child homicides in African settings to facilitate greater knowledge and understanding of the phenomenon. Utilising the PRISMA guidelines, a literature search for empirical works on spirit child homicides published between 2000 and 2022 was conducted across four databases: Scopus, Web of Science, Journal Storage (JSTOR), and Google Scholar. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The review shows that spirit child homicide occurs largely in rural communities, and that demonophobia, poverty, poor access to health provision, influence of traditional healers, and lack of support for parents of children with disabilities are the major factors that sustain the practice. Because the spirit child belief is deeply entrenched in the culture of the practicing communities, a multi-layered approach will be required to combat spirit child motivated paedicides.</p