Publikationer från Umeå universitet
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Growing rights - The legal protection of trees during land development in detailed developmentplanned areas.
No full textSpace-time, pace and peace : theorising from post-war Mostar
No full textConnecting the concepts of space, time, and pace, in this article I theorise how distinct narratives of (post-)conflict spaces impact people’s differing experiences of the pace of peace processes and post-war transitions. Drawing on 14 walking interviews in post-war Mostar (Bosnia and Herzegovina), I identify three experiences of paces of the peace process connected to spaces across town: slow pace of liminality, acceleration of life, and fast-paced neoliberal development. By zooming into narratives about places in the city, I demonstrate that space influences people’s heterogeneous perceptions of slowness and fastness of the peace process. These findings improve our understanding of temporalities in transitional societies by demonstrating how spatial settings shape people’s temporalities of post-war transitions. Moreover, it helps advance the spatial turn in peace and conflict studies by employing spatial analysis to provide insights into the varied paces at which people experience peacebuilding processes and post-war reconstruction.
Fostering EntrepreneurialDecision-Making: : The Role of Accelerator Programs and AI Usage
No full textEntrepreneurship has become an increasingly vital component of economic development,particularly small and medium-sized enterprises since it contributes to innovation,employment and GDP. The shift in focus from large corporations to entrepreneurial startupshighlights the importance of entrepreneurial decision-making. Navigating in theentrepreneurial landscape is difficult with many risks and uncertainty. Entrepreneurs facesignificant challenges, such as limited financial and human resources, internal competencieswhich means effective decision-making is essential for success. This study explores how accelerator programs foster entrepreneurial decision-making, byexamining their support activities. Mentorship, guidance, funding all play a significant rolein shaping the entrepreneurs decisions. The environment accelerator programs create fostercritical thinking, reflective thinking, and peer learning which makes the entrepreneurs moreequipt to make better decisions. Furthermore, this study also explores how emergingtechnologies such as AI can influence entrepreneurial decision-making and how it is usedto be more efficient. While existing literature primarily focuses on what accelerator programs offers toentrepreneurs such as funding and mentorship, the literature lack understanding of howaccelerator programs foster entrepreneurial decision-making and if they adopt AI into theirdecision-making. Therefore, the primary research purpose of this study was to explore andunderstand the influence accelerator programs has on entrepreneurial decision-making andif they integrate AI into their decisions. Furthermore, we sought to explore what factorsinfluence entrepreneurial decision-making and if AI was used and how AI was used. To address these gaps, this study adopts thematic analysis to identify themes that describedifferent social realities. The study consists of two cases, each with one accelerator programand two entrepreneurs. The authors chose to conduct semi-structured interviews to examinethe cases and describe social realities. The result of the study showed that acceleratorprograms influence entrepreneurial decision-making in several ways and that AI is used foroperational efficiency. Firstly, accelerator programs foster decision-making by creating asupportive environment. The environment encourages reflective thinking, challengesassumptions and develops their own judgment. Lastly, the accelerator programs encourageadoption of AI in various degrees. AI is used to complement human judgement and makedecision-making more efficient
Upplevelser av internetbaserad kognitiv rehabilitering bland personer med postcovid
No full textSammanfattning: Introduktion: Postcovid är ett tillstånd som kan drabba individer oavsett ålder ellersjukdomens initiala svårighetsgrad efter infektion med SARS-CoV-2. Vanliga symtominkluderar kognitiva nedsättningar, trötthet, nedsatt fysisk ork, andningsbesvär ochsmärta. Internetbaserad kognitiv rehabilitering har begränsad evidens för personermed postcovid. Programmet eRehabCog är ett exempel på en digital intervention riktadtill personer med mild kognitiv nedsättning efter postcovid. Denna studie syftar till attundersöka upplevelsen av att använda eRehabCog hos personer med postcovid, bådehos dem som slutfört programmet och de som avbrutit i förtid. Syfte: Att utforska hur postcovid patienter med lindrig kognitiv svikt uppleveranvändandet i eRehabCog. Metod: Tio individuella semistrukturella intervjuer genomfördes med postcovidpatienter från postcovidmottagningen. Data analyserades medkvalitativinnehållsanalys med induktiv ansats. Resultat: Två teman växte fram under dataanalysprocessen. Ena temat var ”Enbalansakt mellan arbete, rehabilitering, vardagsliv och motivation vid internetbaseradrehabilitering” med tvåtillhörande kategorier. Andra temat var ”Individanpassning ochtillgänglighet: utmaningar och möjligheter” med fyra tillhörande kategorier. Slutsats: Sammantaget upplevs eRehabCog som ett användbart program för hanteringav kognitiva svårigheter efter postcovid. Deltagarna upplevde tekniska utmaningar,aktivitetsbalans vid rehabilitering parallellt med arbete och fritid. Möjligheter lyftesfram. Deltagarna upplevde fördel med rehabilitering på distans, att inte behöva åka iväg och kunde lägga upp arbetet utifrån andra aktiviteter. De fick även med siganvändbara strategier från eRehabCog
Undersökning av eventuella skillnader avseende självständighet i P-ADL, livskvalitet och delaktighet i vården hos internmedicinska patienter som vårdas i hemmiljö jämfört med på sjukhus
No full textIntroduktion: Den demografiska utvecklingen i Sverige, med en åldrande befolkning och ökad förekomst av kroniska sjukdomar, innebär utmaningar för hälso- och sjukvården. Inom omställningen till nära vård är vård i hemmiljön via mobila team en strategi för att möta dessa behov. Trots ökad användning saknas studier som jämför självständighet i P-ADL, livskvalitet och delaktighet mellan vårdformer i en svensk kontext. Syfte: Att undersöka eventuella skillnader i självständighet i P-ADL, livskvalitet och delaktighet i vården hos internmedicinska patienter som vårdas i hemmiljö jämfört med på sjukhus. Metod: En kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie genomfördes med strukturerade enkäter dag 2–4 i vårdförloppet. Statistiska analyser inkluderade Mann-Whitney U-test och chi-2 test. Totalt inkluderades 80 internmedicinska patienter, varav 47 erhöll sjukhusvård och 33 vård i hemmiljö via mobila team. Deltagarnas ålder varierade mellan 28 och 98 år (medelålder 76), med en jämn könsfördelning. Resultat: Patienter som vårdades i hemmiljö via mobila team var i högre grad självständiga i samtliga P-ADL-aktiviteter, med signifikanta skillnader i förflyttning, toalettbesök samt på- och avklädning. De skattade även högre livskvalitet och delaktighet i vården. Slutsats: Resultaten har klinisk relevans för vårdplanering vid omställningen till nära vård. Studien kan stärka argument för användning av mobila team. En större longitudinell studie rekommenderas för att pröva resultaten över tid
Prevalence of osteoarthritis and clinical outcomes in patients with fractures of the tibial plateau - medium- and long-term analysis
No full textBackground: The incidence of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (OA) following intraarticular knee fractures has been estimated to be relatively high but it varies substantially between different reports. In this study we sought to assess the prevalence of radiographic knee OA secondary to tibial plateau fractures (TPF). The second aim was to report medium- and long-term functional outcomes and investigate whether there were any risk factors associated with these outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed documentation of patients who had TPF between 2001 and 2015. The radiographs, clinical characteristics and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) scores were evaluated. Presence of radiographic OA was the primary endpoint. The other endpoints were the relationship between OA and different potential predictors as well as the scores in PROMs. Results: The study involved a total of 130 patients including 114 who were radiographically examined at mean follow-up time of 10 years (range 4.6–19.3 years). Radiographic OA was present in 50% of patients (34% in the injured knee and 16% in both knees). Having OA in the contralateral knee increased the odds to develop OA in the index knee (OR = 4.8; 95%CI 1.6–4.1 in the crude model and OR = 6.6; 95%CI 1.8–23.5 in the model adjusted for age, sex, BMI, fracture type and treatment method). The occurrence of OA was associated stronger with medial or bicondylar TPF than with lateral condyle TPF (OR = 2.8; 95%CI 1.2–6.1 in the crude model and OR = 3.4; 95%CI 1.4–8.6 in the adjusted model). The KOOS scores were significantly lower in patients with OA than in those without OA in the index knee in all the KOOS subscales (p < 0.007), except for the KOOS Symptoms (p = 0.362). The EQ-5D-5L index score was significantly higher in patients without OA in the index knee compared to those with OA (p = 0.015). Conclusion: Radiographic OA following TPF occurred in 50% of knee joints. The odds for knee OA were highest after medial or bicondylar fractures. Patients with OA in the index knee had lower scores in both condition-specific and generic PROMs than subjects without OA, which indicates that TPF may contribute to the development of both OA disease and illness. Trial registration: The trial was registered retrospectively on June 4, 2024 on ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number: NCT06451510)
Using Process Mining in Quality Management : A Case Study of a Truck Cab Manufacturing Plant
No full textWith the advent of Industry 4.0, data volumes and process complexity are growing in manufacturing. Process centric approaches to big data analytics such as process mining (PM) present interesting new ways of navigating this new reality. This case-study explores the research question: How can process mining be used in manufacturing quality management? Iterative, domain expert driven development of a proof-of-concept PM model was conducted to enable data collection. For each model iteration, multiple respondent interviews were conducted and analyzed. Our findings speaks to three main use cases of PM in manufacturing quality management (1) improve process understanding, (2) streamline root-cause analysis, and (3) create process controls. We were further able to identify context specific challenges with model development, governance, and capability dependencies. Our results indicate that the potential value of PM in manufacturing quality management is significant, and that its implementation might be challenging
Barnfamiljer i Ålidhem Centrum
No full textSafety is a crucial aspect of a functional city, however, safety is difficult to define because it varies depending on the person. In recent years, building mixed housing areas has become a common method to combat segregation, with the held belief that mixing different demographics will lead to a better community and a deeper understanding of one another. Umeå Municipality aims to increase the movements of young women and families in Ålidhem. Ålidhem is mostly known as a district in need of improvement and a studentified area. This study aimed to examine families' sense of security around Ålidhem Centrum. How many families move through the area? Do these families feel safe? Do the university students' presence in the area impact families' sense of safety? An observational study was conducted to count the demographics moving along paths near Ålidhem Centrum, which concluded that young women were the ones who frequented Ålidhem Centrum the most, while families and children were observed less often. A survey was also conducted to understand the families' choices of moving in the public space and their sense of safety. Children’s movements are often limited to what their parents deem safe, therefore, understanding parents' perspectives can help increase children's movements. In the survey, most parents reported feeling safe around Ålidhem Centrum and that the students' presence does not impact their safety. However, the parents do not deem Ålidhem Centrum to be a child-friendly space, which could explain the low number of observed children. Therefore, further action should be taken to make Ålidhem Centrum a more child-friendly environmen
Structural validity and test-retest reliability of the patient reported inventory of self-management of chronic conditions (PRISM-CC) in a Swedish population of seventy-year-olds with long-term health conditions
No full textBackground: Self-management is internationally recognized as important to maintain independence, quality of life and to minimize the risk of poor health outcomes, especially among persons with multi-morbidity. Self-management can be especially challenging for older adults, who have higher rates of multi-morbidity and experience diverse impacts of long-term health conditions on everyday life. Good measures of self-management are currently lacking. The Patient Reported Inventory of Self-Management of Chronic Conditions (PRISM-CC) is a new, generic, multidimensional measure of self-perceived ease or difficulty with self-management, that overcomes many of the limitations of existing measures. Objectives: To test the structural validity and test-retest reliability of the Swedish version of the PRISM-CC among seventy-year-olds with long-term health conditions. Methods: Translation of PRISM-CC items into Swedish followed the Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) Consortium process. Survey data (n = 516 Swedish seventy-year-olds with ≥1 long-term health condition) was used to assess structural validity of the 36-item PRISM-CC using multidimensional item response theory (IRT) models. Test-retest reliability was assessed on a subsample of 58 individuals using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman Plots. Results: The Swedish PRISM-CC demonstrated good internal consistency with Cronbach’s alpha >0.8 for all domains, and good fit to a graded response IRT model (RMSEA 0.034, SRMSR 0.050, CFI 0.952 and TLI 0.945). All 36 items had standardized loadings >0.7. ICC showed moderate to good test-retest reliability for all seven domains. The Bland-Altman plots showed minimal bias and good test-retest agreement for all domains. Conclusion: The Swedish PRISM-CC showed good structural validity and test-retest reliability in this sample of relatively healthy seventy-year-olds with long-term health condition(s). Further validation in a population with more severe health issues is needed
Person-centred leadership in residential care for older people as described by first-line managers
No full textAims and objectives: To explore person-centred leadership in residential care from the perspective of first-line managers. Background: Studies have shown that person-centred leadership is important for leading person-centred care. Although person-centred care is the current model of care, there is limited knowledge of what person-centred leadership entails in the context of residential care for older people. Methods: This was an exploratory qualitative study using focus groups and individual interviews with 21 first-line managers in residential care facilities for older persons in five municipalities in Sweden. Data were collected from October 2021 to March 2022. Data were analysed using conventional content analysis. Findings: Person-centred leadership entailed being person-centred as a leader, focusing on the relationship with personnel, and leading person-centred care by highlighting the older persons’ needs. Conclusions: Being person-centred as a leader involves acknowledging the personhood of personnel in words and actions, which has the potential to promote person-centred practices. Person-centred leadership entails promoting personnel to meet older person’s changing needs, which must drive operations, while simultaneously trying to meet the needs of personnel