Publikationer från Umeå universitet
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Mutations in the floral regulator gene HUA2 restore flowering to the Arabidopsis trehalose 6-phosphate synthase1 (tps1) mutant
No full textPlant growth and development are regulated by many factors, including carbohydrate availability and signaling. Trehalose 6-phosphate (T6P), which is synthesized by TREHALOSE-6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1 (TPS1), is positively associated with and functions as a signal that informs the cell about the carbohydrate status. Mutations in TPS1 negatively affect the growth and development of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), and complete loss-of-function alleles are embryo-lethal, which can be overcome using inducible expression of TPS1 (GVG::TPS1) during embryogenesis. Using ethyl methane sulfonate mutagenesis in combination with genome re-sequencing, we have identified several alleles in the floral regulator gene HUA2 that restore flowering in tps1-2 GVG::TPS1. Genetic analyses using an HUA2 T-DNA insertion allele, hua2-4, confirmed this finding. RNA-seq analyses demonstrated that hua2-4 has widespread effects on the tps1-2 GVG::TPS1 transcriptome, including key genes and pathways involved in regulating flowering. Higher order mutants combining tps1-2 GVG::TPS1 and hua2-4 with alleles in the key flowering time regulators FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (SOC1), and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) were constructed to analyze the role of HUA2 during floral transition in tps1-2 in more detail. Our findings demonstrate that loss of HUA2 can restore flowering in tps1-2 GVG::TPS1, in part through activation of FT, with contributions from the upstream regulators SOC1 and FLC. Interestingly, we found that mutation of FLC is sufficient to induce flowering in tps1-2 GVG::TPS1. Furthermore, we observed that mutations in HUA2 modulate carbohydrate signaling and that this regulation might contribute to flowering in hua2-4 tps1-2 GVG::TPS1
Människan i maskineriet : En kvalitativ studie av hur psykologisk trygghet, arbetsmiljö & medarbetarskap representeras i industriföretags externa kommunikation
No full textThis study investigates how psychological safety is represented in the external communication of Swedish industrial companies, and which norms and ideals are conveyed regarding the work environment and employee engagement within the framework of employer branding. The analysis is based on a qualitative content study of publicly available texts from three firms: LKAB, Volvo, and Northvolt. Drawing on Amy Edmondson’s concept of psychological safety and Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory, the study examines how linguistic representations relate to intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and how companies portray the ideal work environment and employee role. The results show that the companies adopt distinct communicative strategies: LKAB emphasizes responsibility, safety, and institutional continuity; Volvo highlights learning, trust, and cultural alignment; while Northvolt focuses on performance and rapid growth, while also promoting a strong collective identity through the recurring figure of the “Northvolter” – a driven, future-oriented individual aligned with the company’s mission. Psychological safety is present to some extent in all cases, although not explicitly addressed or foregrounded in the material. It is articulated through different rhetorical frames – from formalized safety structures to value-based inclusion. The study contributes to understanding how soft values such as safety and motivation are leveraged in industrial employer branding and suggests tensions between control and openness, as well as tradition and innovation, in corporate communication
Socioeconomic factors and environmental burden in a cohort from six Swedish cities
No full textBackground: The association between socioeconomic status (SES) and environmental burden is context-dependent. Those with low SES may be more likely to live near major roads and industries where environmental exposures are high but may also be more likely to live further away from city centers. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between SES and environmental burden in Sweden. Methods: The Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS) cohort recruited participants from six Swedish cities during 2013–2018. Residential environmental exposures (particulate matter <2.5 µm [PM2.5], road traffic noise, and lack of greenspace) and neighborhood-level SES factors (proportions with low-income, low education, unemployment, rental units, foreign born) were assessed from participants’ addresses in 2018. Individual-level SES factors (financial buffer, education, occupation, type of living, foreign born) were obtained from a questionnaire and neighborhood data from Statistics Sweden. Linear regression models were used to analyze the link between environmental exposures and SES factors. Correlations between SES factors were analyzed using Cramér's V and Spearman rank correlations. Results: The study included 23 320 SCAPIS participants in 1939 neighborhoods. The explanatory power of SES factors differed substantially between factors and cities. A model with all ten SES factors could account for 25–88 %, 36–60 %, and 49–81 % of the spatial variance in PM2.5, noise, and lack of greenspace respectively. Neighborhoods with more low-income earners, rental units and foreign born had more environmental burden. Neighborhoods with more inhabitants with low education and unemployment had less environmental burden. Associations were generally non-linear. Individual-level SES factors were not associated with environmental burdens after adjusting for neighborhood SES factors. Individual and neighborhood SES were weakly correlated. Conclusion: Neighborhood SES factors accounted for a large proportion of the variance in environmental burdens, whereas individual SES factors did not. The relationship between SES and environmental burden differed greatly between indicators and cities
Identity work in longstanding subsidiaries during crisis : reinforcing, preserving and reconstructing subsidiary identity
No full textDuring a national crisis, longstanding subsidiaries' roles are placed under considerable pressure. At the same time, the connotation of longstanding subsidiaries implies that they have existed for a significant period of time, during which they would have developed legacies and identities related to these roles. However, there is limited understanding on how longstanding subsidiaries work with their legacies and identities to influence their roles in the MNE or in the local environment. This study examines how longstanding subsidiaries of Swedish MNEs in Brazil engage in identity work during an economic crisis. Drawing on a comparative case study of 16 competence-exploring and competence-exploiting subsidiaries, the findings reveal three distinct foci of identity work: reinforcing, preserving, and reconstructing. The study contributes to the emerging literature on subsidiary identity work by demonstrating how identity work relates to subsidiary roles over time. It also contributes to subsidiary evolution research by revealing how longstanding subsidiaries manage legacy in response to environmental turbulence
The role of civic participation for environmental policy support
No full textCivil society is often depicted as playing a central role in the transition to a more environmentally sustainable society, for example by contributing to more fair and efficient environmental governance. Evidence for such claims is though limited and has not considered the full variety of motives in civic participation. In this paper, the often over optimistic assumptions about the possibility of civil society to generate environmental cooperation within the public is questioned. By studying attitudes toward environmental policies across members of sport and outdoor organizations, results show that membership is associated with both higher and lower policy support, depending on type of policy. It is furthermore shown that membership simultaneously is linked to policy support through its association with trust and reciprocity in civil society. The results indicate that any efforts to involve civil society in environmental governance carefully must consider the specific motives and circumstances of each organization
Anomaly Detection in Large-Scale Log Data : Parsing, Feature Extraction, and Unsupervised Learning.
No full textThis thesis addresses the challenge of processing and analyzing large-scale, unstructured log data, which is a task of growing importance in today’s data centers. The thesis focuses on practical methods to extract meaningful features from large, unlabeled log datasets, with emphasis on using unsupervised learning techniques suitable for handling the scale and nature of the data effectively. Before applying the designed model to a real-world dataset, the accuracy of the designed model is tested on a publicly available dataset. The findings contribute to the field of log data analysis, offering insights into handling large datasets and highlighting potential areas for further research in anomaly detection and data processing techniques
A hybrid approach for reachability analysis of complex software systems using fuzzy adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm and rule composition
No full textModel checking has become a widely used and precise technique for verifying software systems. However, a major challenge in model checking is state space explosion, which occurs due to the exponential memory usage required by the model checker. To address this issue, meta-heuristic and evolutionary algorithms offer a promising solution by searching for a state where a property is either satisfied or violated. Recently, various evolutionary algorithms, such as Genetic Algorithms and Particle Swarm Optimization, have been applied to detect deadlock states. While these approaches have been useful, they primarily focus on deadlock detection. This paper proposes a fuzzy algorithm to analyse reachability properties in systems specified through Graph Transformation Systems with large state spaces. To achieve this, the existing Particle Swarm Optimisation algorithm, which is typically used for deadlock detection, has been extended to analyse reachability properties. To further enhance accuracy, a Fuzzy Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm is introduced to determine which states and paths should be explored at each step-in order to find the corresponding reachable state. Additionally, the proposed hybrid algorithm was applied to models generated through rule composition to assess the impact of rule composition on execution time and the number of explored states. These approaches were implemented within an open-source toolset called GROOVE, which is used for designing and model checking Graph Transformation Systems. Experimental results demonstrate that proposed hybrid algorithm reduced verification time by up to 49.86% compared to Particle Swarm Optimization and 65.17% compared to Genetic Algorithms in reachability analysis of complex models. Furthermore, it explored 32.7% fewer states on average than the hybrid method based on Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithms, and 57.4% fewer states compared to Genetic Algorithms, indicating improved search efficiency. The application of rule composition further reduced execution time by 35.7% and the number of explored states by 41.2% in large-scale models. These results confirm that proposed hybrid algorithm significantly enhances reachability analysis in the systems modelled via Graph Transformation, improving both computational efficiency and scalability
Trends in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, defined as ECG abnormalities and/or self-reported events, in Mauritius between 1987 and 2021 : analysis of data from seven large population-based surveys
No full textObjective: To estimate the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Mauritius. Over the last half century, rapid socioeconomic development has taken place in the multiethnic Mauritius. It is unclear if this is paralleled with an increasing prevalence of CHD. Design: Repeated cross-sectional population-based studies. Setting: Mauritius. Participants: Seven population-based surveys were performed in Mauritius between 1987 and 2021. Altogether, 29 997 participants aged 35–74 years were included. Measures: Except in 2004 and 2021, all participants were examined with an ECG. ECG changes were classified as ‘probable CHD’ and ‘possible CHD’ according to the Minnesota Code model. Participants were asked about previous myocardial infarction, stroke and angina pectoris as told by a doctor. An affirmative answer to any of these questions was labelled as the presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Since 2009, questions about previous coronary bypass surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention were included. The prevalence estimates were age and sex standardised to the 2008 Mauritian population. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated associations between traditional CVD risk factors and CHD. Results: The prevalence (with 95% CI) of probable CHD according to ECG did not increase between 1987 and 2015, 1.6% (1.2–2.1%) and 1.9% (1.5–2.3%), respectively, whereas the prevalence of possible CHD decreased, 23.7% (22.3–25.1%) and 17.3% (16.2–18.3%), respectively. Self-reported CVD did not increase between 1987 and 2021. Male sex, diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), hypertension, smoking and self-reported history of CVD were associated independently with probable CHD, whereas female sex, IGT, hypertension, high cholesterol and self-reported history of CVD were associated independently with possible CHD. Ethnicity did not associate with probable CHD but with possible CHD. Postload plasma glucose associated with probable and possible CHD. Conclusions: The prevalence of probable CHD according to ECG and the prevalence of self-reported history of CVD did not increase in Mauritius. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors were associated significantly with the presence of probable and possible CHD
Overtime pay in the retail sector : A legal analysis of Detaljhandelsavtalet in relation to the principle of non discrimination in the part-time work directive.
No full textMatista Matteoon – henkilönnimet kulttuurien kohdatessa : Nimiperinteen kehitys Suomessa ja Ruotsissa vuosina 1950–2023
No full textI en mångkulturell miljö kan minoriteternas integration i samhället observeras ur flera perspektiv, exempelvis genom hur andra och tredje generationens invandrare successivt anpassar sitt språk och uttal. Personnamn kan både framhäva och dölja en individs kulturella bakgrund. Denna magisteruppsats undersöker förändringar i förnamn inom en sverigefinsk och en finlandsfinsk gemenskap mellan 1950 och 2023 genom analys av annonser om nyfödda och avlidna. Studien baseras på ett material med 6000 insamlade namn, som har klassificerats manuellt för att identifiera språk, mönster och trender. Genom en komparativ analys av den sverigefinska gruppen i Stockholm och den finlandsfinska gemenskapen i Kajana undersöks hur namnval påverkas av samhällets ökade flerspråkighet och kulturella interaktion. Fokus ligger på förändringar och trender i tilltalsnamn, där en tydlig utveckling mot mer neutrala och internationella namn framträder, samtidigt som finska namn ofta kvarstår i efterföljande förnamn. Resultaten belyser hur traditionella finska namn omformas i ett mångkulturellt samhälle och hur dessa trender speglar kulturell identitet över generationer när kulturella gränser suddas ut.