Publikationer från Umeå universitet
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PISTIS CHRISTOU : An exegetical analysis of pistis Christou in Swedish Bible translations in relation to the contemporary academic debate.
No full textShould everyone study philosophy? : An essay in philosophy of education examining whether there are good reasons to believe that studying philosophy would be beneficial for everyone and thereby reason to include it in mandatory school
No full textI denna uppsats diskuteras värdet av att studera filosofi och huruvida det borde inkluderas i grundskolan. Värdet av att studera filosofi diskuteras och argument framförs för att det skulle kunna vara gynnsamt för både individen och samhället att allmänheten gavs en grundläggande utbildning i filosofi. Argument framförs för att det sannolikt är möjligt att förmedla kunskaper och utveckla förmågor kopplade till filosofi för elever i grundskolan. Slutsatsen är att det verkar vara av värde att studera filosofi och det finns därmed goda skäl att inkludera filosofi i läroplanen för grundskolan.In this thesis the subject of whether philosophy should be included in the general education is discussed. The value of studying philosophy is discussed and arguments are presented to show that it is favorable for the individual, as well as society, that everyone is given a philosophical education. It will be argued that it is likely to be possible to gain philosophical knowledge and develop abilities connected to the subject of philosophy for young students. The conclusion is that it seems to be favorable to study philosophy and that there are thereby good reasons to include philosophy in the curriculum
Green Performance and Green Premium : A Comparative Analysis of Corporate Green Bonds and Conventional Bonds in the Scandinavian Fixed-Income Market
No full textEver since the first adoption of the green bond, almost 20 years ago, the goal has been to combat climate change by innovating new ways to finance green investments. This is to ensure a better future, not only for the next generation but even those after that. The situation is dire, estimations indicate that the cost to make the green transition work and to reach net-zero emissions by 2050 is in the range of 100 trillion. Therefore, it is crucial to go back to the most mature market for green bonds, Scandinavia, in order assess how humanity will choose to finance this great leap forward in sustainability efforts. The global fixed-income market is currently set to experience a maturity wall this year in 2025 and next year in 2026; a total of €855 billion in sustainable bonds will mature. This wave of maturing bonds represents the first significant refinancing cycle since the inception of the green bond market in 2008. It marks a pivotal moment where issuers and investors must decide whether to reissue green bonds under updated frameworks, revert to conventional bonds or explore alternative sustainable instruments. Despite the growth in issuance of green bonds and regulatory pressures for corporates to implement a sustainable finance framework, there remains limited research on whether these instruments offer superior financial returns in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Furthermore, limited focus on identifying a regional green premium. This study found that corporate green bonds issued in Scandinavia before the looming maturity wall, in between 2022 to 2024, have a higher yield performance compared to conventional bonds issued by Scandinavian Corporates. Hence, answering the stated research question “How do Green Bonds perform compared to Conventional Bonds in Scandinavia?”. The thesis finds that the five sector-specific green bond constructed portfolios, in real estate, banks, utilities, power and industrial sectors, exhibit statistically significant alpha when regressed using OLS against the Carhart four factor model, with the addition of the bond adjusted TERM factor, which encapsulates interest rate risk. However, a paired t-test comparing matched green and synthetic conventional bonds reveals a positive but statistically insignificant mean yield difference of 9.5 basis points (bps) and under stricter robustness criteria reduced to 7.6 bps. These findings suggest green bonds may offer enhanced alpha through higher yields, but the existence of a regional green premium remains inconclusive. Furthermore, from the lens of existing financial theories, the findings support the notion that these type of sustainable fixed income instruments have reached maturity and therefore from a market standpoint entails that investors require expectations of higher exceeded returns to combat the perceived larger risk sentiment of green bonds. Challenging the concept of efficient market hypothesis and stakeholder theory. This quantitative comparative study utilizes a deductive approach to compare the performance of investment grade corporate green bonds compared to corporate conventional bonds issued in Scandinavia. Furthermore, this study has managed to break new ground within the field of fixed income and green finance literature, adding new valuable insights into the current shift in policy and the subsequent macroeconomic conditions affecting pricing of these types of instruments
ARCHITECTURAL MEMORY : Mapping Narratives, Shaping Space
No full textHow does architecture function as a vessel for memory, confronting and resisting the erasure of spaces and places within communities? Architecture serves as both a physical and symbolic vessel for memory, embedding the lived experiences, cultural heritage, and historical narratives of communities. In contexts marked by colonialism, displacement, and erasure, built environments are not passive structures but active sites of both trauma and resistance. This thesis explores how architecture functions as a medium for preserving and reclaiming collective memory, with a specific focus on Palestinian communities. Through an interdisciplinary approach integrating theoretical analysis, site-based and participatory research, and design exploration, this study investigates how affected communities could engage with architectural spaces to resist erasure, assert identity, and preserve cultural heritage. While much of the existing research on architectural memory and erasure focuses on systemic forces —such as governments and institutions — this study highlights bottom-up strategies. It examines how Palestinians reclaim lost spaces through storytelling, rituals, community-driven practices and overall, the perpetuation of memory. By analyzing Palestinian architectural heritage alongside global case studies, this research identifies the role of architecture as a tool of resilience and agency. Furthermore, it explores how memory can be intentionally embedded into physical spaces to challenge forced forgetting and foster continuity. Ultimately, this thesis aims to contribute to a broader understanding of architecture as an instrument of memory and resistance, offering insights applicable to other contexts of conflict and displacement. By documenting lived experiences and examining memory-driven and sensitive architectural strategies, the research underscores the power of built environments in confronting erasure and sustaining human experiences and well-being
Unveiling Obfuscated Android Applications
No full textObfuscation detection and de-obfuscation can guide security analysts in reverse engineering applications, as well as aid in automated detection of malware. Currently available tools are few, mainly focused on Android apps, and utilize classic machine learning solutions. However, they suffer from a lack of robust datasets for training. Through our evaluation of two detection, and two de-obfuscationtools, we found that detectors relying on supervised machine learning generalize poorly, unsupervised anomaly detection models perform adequately, and finally that de-obfuscators are narrow in scope and limited in their ability to retrieve semantically relevant names from obfuscated APKs. The multitude of ways of constructing an application coupled with the numerous types of obfuscation, and variations thereof, is challenging to accurately represent in a dataset. This highlights the need for better labeled data, more unsupervised learning solutions, such as anomaly detection systems, or alternatives to machine learning methods
"An Old Man Expression That Grandpa Would Use" : Using Conceptual Metaphor Theory to learn English idioms by pairing them with their Swedish counterparts
No full textThis thesis explores the potential of using Conceptual Metaphor Theory in order to teach idioms in English more efficiently to English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners aged 15 to 16. By using idiom pairs in Swedish and English that are semantically similar but lexically different, an attempt was made to answer whether or not second language (L2) idioms that share a conceptual link with first language (L1) idioms are easier to learn, and whether or not students benefit from learning the basics of Conceptual Metaphor Theory when trying to pair these idioms. This was explored through quantitative data collected in the form of worksheets, gathered from two groups of about 20 students each, and qualitative data in the form of interviews with 2 students from each group. Group 1 (n=23) received worksheets with idiom pairs that shared a conceptual link, while Group 2 (n=19) received worksheets with idiom pairs that did not share a conceptual link. Contrary to the predictions, the results indicate that idiom pairs sharing a conceptual link are not intuitively easier to pair successfully. However, learning about Conceptual Metaphor Theory could help in successfully identifying the idioms with equivalent meaning in one’s L1 and L2
Textbook Hinduism : A Textbook Analysis of the Construction of Hinduism in Lower Secondary School Religion Books
No full textThe aim of this study is to analyse descriptions of Hinduism in religion textbooks for secondary school from a postcolonial perspective. Using discourse analysis, six textbooks have been analysed with emphasis on which colonial structures can be found in each books' description of Hinduism. Furthermore, the study takes on a time perspective, analysing whether any differences in colonial structures can be seen regarding textbooks connected to the Swedish school curricula lpo 94, lgr 11 and lgr 22. The textbooks have been analysed using postcolonial theories, primarily focusing on theories regarding the world religions paradigm. The analysis resulted in three themes describing colonial constructions of Hinduism within the textbooks; “binarism and exoticism”, “christocentrism” and “representation and reduction”. The study shows that all six textbooks reproduce colonial structures regarding Hinduism within these themes, and that a change over time in curricula can not be seen
Vad får oss att välja bort lågprisaktörer? : En studie om hur information om hälsorisker påverkar köpintention.
No full textE-handeln fortsätter att expandera kraftigt och shopping är en självklar del av vardagen blandunga svenskar i åldern 18-29 år. Samtidigt har lågprisaktörer online ökat i popularitet genomatt erbjuda låga priser och ett brett sortiment av bland annat kläder, elektronik,skönhetsprodukter och husgeråd. Dessa aktörer har dock mötts av ökande kritik, inte minst förderas aggressiva marknadsföringsmetoder som uppmuntrar till snabb konsumtion men ocksåför sin negativa miljöpåverkan, särskilt genom ökade koldioxidutsläpp. Utöver klimatpåverkanhar forskning och artiklar visat att många av lågprisaktörernas produkter kan innehålla högahalter av skadliga kemikalier som ftalater och bly, ämnen som kan leda till hudallergier,påverka fertilitet och i vissa fall vara cancerframkallande. Både myndigheter somKemikalieinspektionen och andra aktörer som Regeringen och secondhandbutiker haruppmärksammat problemet och efterlyst ett förändrat konsumentbeteende. Tidigare forskning visar att konsumenters prioriteringar vid köpbeslut påverkas av situationoch kontext. I denna studie har vi valt att fokusera på fyra centrala faktorer som förekommer itidigare studier: pris, kvalitet, hållbarhet och hälsa. Syftet med studien är att undersöka vilkaav dessa faktorer som konsumenter påverkas av vid köp från lågprisaktörer online. För att ävenundersöka om konsumentbeteende kan påverkas genom extern information har vi använt ossav nudging i form av ett informationsblad. Informationsbladet beskrev potentiella hälsoriskerkopplade till produkter från lågprisaktörer, med målet att uppmärksamma konsumenterna pådessa risker och se hur deras attityder och intentioner förändras. Resultaten visar att konsumenterna prioriterar faktorerna olika beroende på om de har tagit delav hälsoinformationen eller inte. Vidare visar studien även på att nudging haft en inverkan påkosumenternas beslut och att de är ett effektivt verktyg att använda sig av vidbeteendeförändringar mot att göra mer hälsomedvetna val. Studien visar därmed attinformation om potentiella hälsorisker har en effekt på konsumenters prioriteringar ochköpintentioner vid handel från lågprisaktörer online
Skiftande värderingar i det svenska politiska landskapet över tid. : En kvantitativ studie av sambandet mellan värderingar och placeringen på politiska vänster-högerskalan i Sverige
No full textThe purpose of this study is to increase knowledge about which factors affect individuals' placement on the political left-right scale in Sweden, and whether the importance of these factors has changed over time, during the period 2002-2023. The study specifically examines how socioeconomic values, such as attitudes to redistribution, and socio-cultural values, such as attitudes to immigration, affect how individuals place themselves on the political left-right scale. The empirical material is based on data from the European Social Survey (ESS). We analyze these relationships over time and further examine potential gender differences in the correlations. The results show a change in the underlying dimensions of the political left-right scale in Sweden over time, with new issues, specifically socio-cultural values related to immigration, being increasingly integrated into the traditional left-right-scale. Over the entire time period, socioeconomic values have a consistent and relatively strong impact on how individuals place themselves on the political left-right scale, but sociocultural values appear to constitute an additional ideological dimension that has become increasingly important for peoples’ self-placement on the left-right scale in Sweden
Mördarduon, den kvinnliga torpeden och den unga mamman : En kvalitativ studie om kvinnliga gärningspersoner utifrån genusrepresentationer i svenska tidningsartiklar.
No full textDenna studie syftar till att undersöka och analysera hur kvinnliga gärningspersoner porträtteras i svenska tidningsartiklar ur ett genusperspektiv samt utifrån stereotypa föreställningar om kön. Genom en kvalitativ metod har 43 tidningsartiklar från perioden 2022 – 2024 samlats in, som vidare har analyserats via en tematisk analysmetod. Tidningsartiklarna är inhämtade i form av både tryckt press samt webbtidningar, och innefattar information från tre svenska rättsfall där kvinnor begått våldsbrott. Studien använder de tre teoretiska perspektiven genussystemet, stereotyper samt representationer som återkopplar till syftet och bidrar till större förståelse i relation till medias beskrivning av kvinnliga gärningspersoner. I analysen av det insamlade materialet har två huvudteman upptäckts; representationer av kvinnlighet samt kvinnor som gärningspersoner. I relation till dessa huvudteman har även underteman identifierats och formulerats. Studiens resultat har med hjälp av tidigare forskning samt de teoretiska perspektiven kunna belysa att en kvinnlig gärningsperson ofta beskrivs utifrån dess kön och stereotypa föreställningar. Vidare visar studiens resultat att tidningsartiklar porträtterar kvinnliga gärningspersoner som hänsynslösa och framställs utifrån detaljerade beskrivningar. Slutligen visar resultatet att media gärna belyser kvinnors motiv till brott utifrån yttre påverkande faktorer som tenderar att upprätthålla kvinnors underordnande positioner i samhället