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Agrohemijske osobine mladog karbonatnog fluvisola u slivu reke Ljig
Get PDFMorphological study of several open profiles different depths and their analysis
showed that land in the Ljig River belongs to the type of young alluvial soil (fluvisol)
and subtype young carbonate alluvial soil. Based on the agrochemical analysis, can be
concluded that this land is mostly poor and poorly supplied with humus, weakly to
moderately alkaline, poor available phosphorus and mostly medium provided available
potassium. The total content of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd within the maximum allowable
concentration, while the content of Ni and Cr above these values.Morfološkim proučavanjem nekoliko otvorenih profila i poluprofila različite
dubine i njihovom analizom utvrđeno je da zemljište u slivu reke Ljig pripada tipu mladog
aluvijalnog zemljišta (fluvisola) i to podtipu mladog karbonatnog aluvijalnog zemljišta. Na
osnovu urađenih agrohemijskih analiza može se zaključiti da je ovo zemljište uglavnom
siromašno do slabo obezbeđeno humusom, slabo do srednje alkalne reakcije, siromašno
lakopristupačnim fosforom i uglavnom srednje obezbeđeno lakopristupačnim
kalijumom. Ukupni sadržaj Cu, Zn, Pb i Cd je u okviru maksimalno dozvoljenih
koncentracija, dok je sadržaj Ni i Cr iznad ovih vrednosti
Promene agrohemijskih osobina pseudoglejnog zemljišta nakon izvedene kalcizacije
Get PDFIn the paper the results of evaluation effects of liming on the changes agrochemical
soil properties are shown. The experimental part of trial was carried out on the
pseudogley soil of strongly acid reaction and low availability of plant nutrients, during
the three years period. The obtained results show that the use of lime together with the
mineral and organic fertilizers resulted in the decrease of soil acidity for 0.9 pH units in
H2O and 1.0 pH units in KCl. It also increased the phosphorus content for 4.3 mg 100-1
g of soil compared to the control variant, while the potassium content was not significantly
changed. The humus content after the liming was redused by 0.217 % compared to the
control.U radu su prikazani rezultati ispitivanja uticaja kalcizacije na promene
agrohemijskih osobina zemljišta. Eksperimentalni deo ogleda izveden je na
pseudoglejnom zemljištu jako kisele reakcije i slabe obezbeđenosti biljnim hranivima, u
trajanju od tri godine. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da je primena krečnog materijala
zajedno sa organskim i mineralnim đubrivom uticala na smanjenje zemljišne kiselosti, i to
za 0,9 pH jedinica u H2O i 1,0 pH jedinica u KCl. Povećan je i sadržaj lakoristupačnog
fosfora za 4,3 mg 100-1 g zemljišta u odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu, dok se sadržaj
kalijuma nije značajnije promenio
Hemijski sastav kukuruza i soje kao združenih useva u postrnoj setvi
Get PDFIn this study, the chemical composition of mixed crops of corn and
soybeans in double cropping was investigated. Mixtures have uniform chemical
composition in relation to the pure corn and soybeancrops. Mixtures of corn and
soybean have resulted in higher content of protein, fat, phosphorus, calcium and
magnesium compared to the pure corncrop. The quantity of nutrients in corn and
soybean mixturemakes it a good forage for nutritionof ruminants.U ovim istraživanjima ispitivan je hemijski sastav kukuruza i soje i
njihovih smeša u postrnoj setvi. Smeše imaju ujednačeniji hemijski sastav u odnosu na
čist usev kukuruza i soje. Smeše kukuruza i soje su imale veći sadržaj proteina, masti,
fosfora, kalcijima i magnezijuma u odnosu na čist usev kukuruza. Količine hranljivih
materija u smešama kukuruza i soje predstavljaju dobru voluminoznu hranu za ishranu
preživara
Abutilon theophrasti Medic. Teofrastova Lipica - invazivna korovska vrsta na području Mačve, Srema i Semberije
Get PDFThe subject of this paper is to indicate the permanence degree changes of Abutilon
theophrasti Medic, appeared as a consequence of irregular usage of herbicides,
environmental changes, as well as the applying different modern farming methods. The
region of Mačva coversthe area of approx. 80000 ha, with different types of soil, and
with corn as the most represented field crops. The area of Western Srem is about 762
km2, it has more types of soil which enables an intensive agricultural production, but
mostly sown is corn. The total amount of arable land in Semberija is approx. 54000 ha,
and the most represented agricultural cultures are granaries ( wheat, corn, barley ).
Although the great estattention, in the sense of modern farming methods, is paid to the
field crops grown on the testing territories, corn sowing in monoculture, excessive usage
of herbicides, reduced primary processing, as well as global environmental changes, led
to the extremely frequent appearance of Abutilon theophrasti , that was not present in
such amount before. Velvetleaf is anannual plant, terophit (T4), belonging to late spring
weeds. On the basis of the results obtained from this paper, it can be concluded that
fertile and rich land of Mačva is the most suitable for Velvetleaf being a nitrophilous
plant (N4). Bad climate conditions, during the period of sowing field crops in the past
few years, contributed to the late sowing, as well as using some modern farming
methods and the usage of herbicides. The results obtained from the territory of Western
Srem and Semberija, being rather less than those from Mačva, indicate the importance
of modern farming methods and crop rotation in order to suppress this invasive weed
type. Speaking of the already mentioned territories and because of a more suitable
climate, they are done timely and completely.Fitocenološki snimci su pravljeni 2008. godine na području Mačve, Srema i
Semberije, u okopavinama na većem broju lokaliteta. Nepravilna i neracionalna
upotreba herbicida je znatno doprinela izmeni kvantitativnog i kvalitativnog sastava
korovskih zajednica na istraživanim područjima. Cilj ovog rada je da ukaže na promene
stepena stalnosti Abutilon theophrasti Medic. nastale kao posledica takve upotrebe
herbicida, klimatskih promena, kao i primene različitog stepena agrotehnike
Ocena pomoloških osobina novijih sorti borovnice (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) pomoću multivarijacione analize
Get PDFDuring three years we investigate the main phenological and pomological
properties of four highbush bluebery in Cacak ecological conditions. Results showed
significant variation of properties evaluated among cultivars and years with inconsistent
behavior of cultivars in some seasons. The highest bunch weight and berry number per
bunch had cv. Reka, whereas the lovest valuaes was found in Ozarkblue and Nui,
respectively. The highest berry weight had cvs. Ozarkblue in 2011 and Nui in 2012,
respectivelz, whereas diferences in 2014 were not significant. The highest and similar
soluble solids content had berries of cvs. Ozarkblue and Reka in 2012, and Reka i Duke
in 2014, respectively, whereas differences among cultivars were not significant. The
lowest soluble solids content had cv. Nui. Statisticaly significant correlations among
blueberry properties evaluated were not determined. The prinicipal component analyisi
(PCA) can be served as confidental model for segregation or grouping cultivars with the
most favourable phenological and pomological properties.Tokom tri godine, ispitivane su najznačajnije fenološke i pomološe osobine
četiri sorte visokožbunaste borovnice u ekološkim uslovima Čačka. Rezultati su pokazali
značajna variranja ovih osobina između sorti i godina ispitivanja, uz nedosledno ponašanje
sorti u pojedinim sezonama. Najveću masu grozda i broj bobica po grozdu imala je sorta
Reka, a najmanje vrednosti su utvrđene kod sorti Ozarkblue, odnosno Nui. Najveću masu
bobica imala je sorta Ozarkblue u 2011. godini, odnosno Nui u 2012., dok razlike u 2014.
godini nisu bile značajne. Najveći i sličan sadržaj rastvorljive suve materije (RSM) imale
su bobice sorti Ozarkblue i Reka u 2012. godini, odnosno Reka i Duke u 2014., dok
razlike između sorti u 2011. nisu bile značajne. Najmanji sadržaj RSM je imala sorta Nui.
Nisu utvrđene statistički značajne korelacije između ispitivanih osobina borovnice.
Analiza najznačajnijih komponenti (PCA) može poslužiti kao pouzdan model za
izdvajanje ili grupisanje sorti sa najpovoljnijim fenološkim i pomološkim osobinama
Fenološke karakteristike vina sorte Merlot (Vitis Vinifera L.) i klonova selekcionisanih u Srbiji
Get PDFThe study of the wine quality of Merlot variety standard and clones 022, 025 and
029, obtained in the third phase of clonal selection of Merlot variety was done in the
period 2009-2012. The following components were measured: pH value of wines, total
acidity, aldehydes, esters, total polyphenols and ashes. The largest content of esters and
aldehydes was found in the wine of clone 025 and was significantly different compared
to the wines of standard and other clones. The content of polyphenols, total acidity and
pH values between the wines of standard and clones were not significantly different.
Ash content in the tested wines ranged from 2.623 g/l to 2.748 g/l, indicating their
authenticity. The studied wines are of good quality.U periodu 2009.-2012. godine izvršeno je ispitivanje kvaliteta vina
standarda sorte Merlot i klonova 022, 025 i 029, dobijenih klonskom selekcijom trećeg
vegetativnog potomstva sorte Merlot. Određeni su pH vrednost vina, ukupne kiseline,
aldehidi, estri, ukupni polifenoli i pepeo. Sadržaj estara i aldehida je najveći u vinu
klona 025 i statistički se značajno razlikuje u poređenju sa vinom standarda i ostalih
klonova. Sadržaj polifenola, ukupnih kiselina i pH vrednosti između vina standarda i
klonova se statistički značajno ne razlikuju. Sadržaj pepela u ispitivanim vinima je od
2.623 g/l do 2.748 g/l, što ukazuje na njihovu autentičnost. Ispitivana vina su dobrog
kvaliteta
Bromatološke analize studentskih obroka u Studentskom centru Čačak
Get PDFThe aim of the study was to determine the quality of student meals in Student
Centre Cacak, based on bromatology analysis of Department of Public Health-Cacak.
In order to improve the nutritional characteristics and reduce the high energy content of
meals, from season to season, it was decreasing the fat and increasing content of
carbohydrates, while retained the achieved proteins persentage. Thus, in the spring
season of 2014, the values of a composition of fats (25.1%) and carbohydrates (58,0%)
were very close to world norms (25,0% and 60,0%) respectively. Due to Restaurant of
Student Centre Cacak prepare meals by strict standards and constantly improving meals
quality, it represents a good support for improve the quality of students' nutritional
habits in Cacak.Cilj rada bio je da se utvrdi kvalitet studentskih obroka Studentskog centra
Čačak na osnovu bromatoloških analiza obavljenih u Zavodu za javno zdravlje u Čačku.
U cilju poboljšanja nutritivnih karakteristika i smanjenja visokih energetskih vrednosti
gotovih obroka, iz sezone u sezonu smanjivao se sadržaj masti i povećavao udeo
ugljenih hidrata, uz zadržavanje postignutog učešća proteina. Vrednosti sadžaja masti
(25,1%) i ugljenih hidrata (58,0%) su tokom proleća 2014. godine bile vrlo bliske
svetskim normativima (25%, odnosno 60%). Dobijeni rezultati potvrđuju da Restoran
Studentskog centra Čačak pripremom hrane po strogim standardima i stalnim
unapređenjem kvaliteta obroka, obezbeđuje uslove za poboljšanje kvaliteta nutritivnih
navika studenata u Čačku
Genotoksični efekat metanolskog ekstrakta biljke Cotinus Coggygria Scop. kod Drosophila Melanogaster
Get PDFPlant extracts that appear to have favorable properties, may contain chemical
compounds with mutagenic, teratogenic and/or carcinogenic activity, and it is of great
importance to the inclusion of genotoxic approaches to toxicological evaluation of plant
extracts. Using a comet assay on eukaryotic model organism Drosophila melanogaster
in in vivo condition, potential genotoxic activity of the methanol extract of plant Cotinus
coggygria Scop. was determined. Treatment with the methanol extracts, at a
concentration of 1%, caused no significant changes compared to the negative control.
Based on the distribution of comet class and selected quantitative parameters (% DNA
in tail and tail length) it can be concluded that a methanol extract obtained from C.
coggygria at a concentration of 1% does not shows genotoxic activity.Uključivanje genotoksičnog pristupa u toksikološku evaluaciju biljnih
ekstrakata, koji i pored povoljnih svojstava mogu da sadrže komponente sa mutagenim,
teratogenim i/ili kancerogenim aktivnostima, je od velike važnosti. Primenom Komet testa
kod eukariotskog model organizma Drosophila melanogaster u in vivo uslovima
ispitivana je genotoksična aktivnost metanolskog ekstrakta biljke Cotinus coggygria Scop.
Тretman sa ekstraktom u koncentraciji od 1% nije uzrokovao statistički značajne promene
u odnosu na negativnu kontrolu. Na osnovu raspodela komet klasa i odabranih
kvantitativnih parametara može se zaključiti da ekstrakt biljke C. coggygria ne pokazuje
genotoksičnu aktivnost
Efekat niacina u regulaciji metabolizma krava u ranoj laktaciji
Get PDFNiacin is of great importance for the energy metabolism, because it is incorporated
in the coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), which participates in a
number of oxidative-reduktacionih reactions in anabolic pathways (NADPH/NADP)
and catabolic pathways (NADH/NAD). Niacin, which is administered orally can be
found as a rumen not protected niacin or rumen protected niacin. Encapsulated
technology can dramatically increase bioavailability of components in the small
intestine. By reducing the concentration of NEFA in cows fed rumen protected with
niacin postpartum is possible lead to a reduction in accumulation and triglycerides.
Insulin is involved in the reaction of niacin with glucose in the blood. Due to the above
niacin can play an important role in the regulation of metabolic stress in cows in early
lactation. A potential mechanism through which niacin exerts its effect on lipid
metabolism is reflected in its impact on insulin resistance in cows.Niacin je od velike važniosti za energetski metabolizam, zato što se
inkorporira u koenzimu nicotinamid adenin dinukleotid (NAD) koji učestvuje u velikom
broju oksidativno-reduktacionih reakcija: u anaboličkim putevima (NADPH/NADP) i
kataboličkim putevima (NADH/NAD). Niacin koji se aplicira oralno može se naći kao
rumen ne zaštičeni niacin ili rumen zaštičeni niacin. Inkapsulirana tehnologija može
dramatično povečati bioraspoložlivost komponenata u tankim crevima. Reduciranjem
koncentracija ne-estrikofanih viših masnih kiselina (NEFA) kod krava hranjenim sa
rumen zaštičenim niacinom postpartum moguće je dovesti do smanjenje akumulacije i
triglicerida. Insulin je involviran u reakciji niacina sa glukozom u krvi. Zbog svega
navedenog niacin može imati značajnu ulogu u regulaciji metaboličkog stresa kod krava
u ranoj laktaciji. Potencijalni mehanizma preko kog niacin ispoljava svoj efekat na
metabolizam lipida ogleda se u njegovom uticaju na insulinsku rezistenciju kod krava
Kvalitet vode za piće grada Užica
Get PDFIn 2014, the Serbian public was informed on several occasions about water supply
problems in the City of Užice. The reason behind the problem was the presence of potentially
toxic species Planktothrix rubescens (Cyanobacteria) in the waters of the Vrutci Reservoir (the
water supply intake for the City of Užice), the alternative water supply intake Sušičko Vrelo
and in the city distribution network. Although the measured concentration of hepatotoxic
microcystin-LR (< 0.01 μg/L) was considerably below World Health Organisation guidelines
for drinking water (1 μg/ L), the water was declared unsafe. The study presents and comments
on the results of physicochemical, microbiological and biological analyses of both raw water
samples collected from the water supply intakes and treated chlorinated drinking water samples
from the distribution network of the City of Užice water supply system.Tokom 2014. godine javnost Srbije je nekoliko puta obaveštavana o problemima
vodosnabdevanja grada Užica. Razlog je bilo prisustvo potencijalno toksične vrste
Planktothrix rubescens (Cyanobacteria) u vodi akumulacije Vrutci (vodozahvata grada
Užica), alternativnog vodozahvata Sušičkog vrela i u gradskoj distributivnoj mreži. Iako je
izmerena koncentracija hepatotokisčnog mikrocistina-LR (< 0,01 μg/L) bila znatno niža од
dozvoljene vrednosti propisane od strane Svetska zdravstveno organizacije (1 μg/L), voda je
proglašavana zdravstveno neispravnom. U radu su prikazani i komentarisani rezultati
fizičko-hemijskih, mikrobioloških i bioloških analiza sirove vode vodozahvata kao i
prečišćene i hlorisane vode za piće iz distributivne mreže gradskog vodovoda Užice