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Uticaj kalcizacije zemljišta na prinos krme i semena Žutog zvezdana (Lotus corniculatus L.)
Get PDFA prerequisite for improving birdsfoot trefoil cultivation is the production of
sufficient quantities of quality seeds. The field experiment was set 2012th in Čačak on
alluvium soil type, acid reaction (pHH2O 4.8). Varieties birdsfoot trefoil (K-37 and
Rocco) were sown at a interrow spacing of 20 cm and 10 kg ha-1 seed. The aim of the
experiment was to analyze the impact of the application of limestone soil (without CaO
and treatment with 3 t ha-1 CaO) on forage yield, seed yield and yield components of
birdsfoot trefoil. The results indicate that birdsfoot trefoil was largely tolerant on
acidity. The positive influence of liming on number of stems m-2 and number of seeds
per pod in the variety Rocco contributed to its greater seed yield in relation to the
variety of K-37.Preduslov za unapređenje gajenja žutog zvezdana je proizvodnja dovoljne
količine kvalitetnog semena. Poljski ekseriment je postavljen 2012. godine u Čačku na
zemljištu tipa aluvijum, kisele reakcije (pHH2O 4,8). Sorte žutog zvezdana (K-37 i Rocco)
posejane su na rastojanju 20 cm međuredno sa 10 kg ha-1 semena. Cilj ogleda bio je da se
analizira uticaj kalcizacije zemljišta (kontrola - bez CaO i tretman sa 3 t ha-1 CaO) na
kiselom zemljištu na prinos krme, prinos i komponente prinosa semena sorti žutog
zvezdana. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da je žuti zvezdan u velikoj meri tolerantan na uslove
kiselog zemljišta. Kalcizacija zemljišta je ispoljila jači uticaj na broj izdanaka m-2 i broj
zrna po mahuni kod sorte Rocco, što se odrazilo i na njen značajno veći prinos semena u
odnosu na sortu K-37
Biologija cvetanja i oprašivanja oraha
Get PDFCommon walnut (Juglans regia L.) is a monoecious, herkogamous, anemophilous,
heterodichogamous and autofertile plant. Study of the sexual cycle of the walnut is
hindered by the presence of a relatively long juvenile period and high genetic diversity,
so that many questions in the field of reproductive biology of the walnut still remained
unresolved. This paper gives an overview of current knowledge regarding the sexual
process of walnut, with the focus on the morphology of staminate and pistillate flowers,
the dynamics of their opening, as well as ecological and physiological aspects of
dichogamy, pollen transfer, stigmas receptivity, pollen germination, pollen tube growth
in the pistil, singamia, apomixis and pistillate flower abortion.Obični orah (Juglans regia L.) je monoecijska, herkogama, anemofilna,
heterodihogama i autofertilna biljka. Proučavanje polnog ciklusa oraha otežano je usled
prisustva relativno dugog juvenilnog perioda i velike genetske raznolikosti, pa su mnoga
pitanja iz oblasti reproduktivne biologije oraha ostala i dalje nerazjašnjena. U radu je dat
prikaz dosadašnjih saznanja u vezi sa polnim procesom oraha, pri čemu je težište
stavljeno na građu muških i ženskih cvetova, dinamiku njihovog otvaranja, kao i
ekološke i fiziološke aspekte dihogamije, transfera polena, receptivnosti žigova, klijanja
polena, rasta polenove cevi u tučku, singamije, apomiksisa i abortiranja ženskih
cvetova
Pomološke karakteristike klonova Oblačinske višnje u leskovačkom području
Get PDFThis work presents a three-year study of oblacinska sour cherry clones. The studies
were carried out at the production plantings of sour cherry of DP '' Porecje'' Vucje
laboratories and the Faculty of Technology. The work presents the technology of nine
clones of oblacinska sour cherry. Clone 28, which is the most prevalent in productive
plantings, was used for comparison. During the performance of experiment, the
vegetative and generative potential, important chemical and technological properties of
fruits, yield, the content of dry matter and sugar were monitored. The obtained data of
oblacinska sour cherries clones were processed by using the statistical methods. Based
on all the examined traits, the following three sour cherry clones showed the highest
quality properties: 56/21, 34/10 and 62/22.U radu su prikazana trogodišnja istraživanja devet klonova Oblačinske
višnje. Ispitivanja su obavljena u proizvodnim zasadima Oblačinske višnje u D.P.
„Porečje“ Vučje i laboratorijama Tehnološkog fakulteta. Za upoređenje je korišćen klon
28,koji je najviše rasprostranjen u proizvodnim zasadima. Tokom istraživanja praćen je
vegetativni i generativni potencijal, fenologija cvetanja, važnije hemijske i tehnološke
osobine plodova, sadržaj rastvorljivih suvih materija i šećera. Dobijeni podaci
ispitivanih klonova Oblačinske višnje obrađeni su statističkim metodama.
Na osnovu istraživanja najbolje rezultate su pokazala tri klona Oblačinske višnje i
to: 56/21, 34/10 i 62/22
Antioksidativna aktivnost različitih ekstrakata biljke Seseli Rigidum W. Et K.
No full textIn this study the antioxidant activity of chloroform and petroleum extract
of Seseli rigidum, as well as the total quantity of phenols and flavonoids. The highest
content of total phenolics and flavonoids was determined in the chloroform extract. The
results obtained indicate that the extract of the chloroform can be a source of natural
antioxidants and can be applied in biological systems and food products.U ovom radu ispitivana je antioksidativna aktivnost hloroformskog i petroletarskog
ekstrakta biljke Seseli rigidum, kao i količina ukupnih fenola i flavonoida. Najveći
sadržaj ukupnih fenola i flavonoida određen je u hloroformskom ekstraktu. Dobijeni
rezultati ukazuju da hloroformski ekstrakt može biti potencijalan izvor prirodnih
antioksidanata i može naći primenu u biološkim sistemima i prehrambenim proizvodima
pa zato zahteva dalja ispitivanja
Stabilnost ekstrakta korena suručice i efekat na sprečavanje lipidne oksidacije u mesu
Get PDFNowadays, consumers are demanding more natural foods, obliging the industry to
include natural antioxidants in foods and synthetic antioxidants have been rejected
because of their carcinogenicity. Natural antioxidants have been used instead of
synthetic to retard lipid oxidation in foods to improve their quality and nutritional value.
The aim of this work was to evaluate pH and termal stability, and effect on lipid
oxidation in meat-model system of methanolic extract of Filipendula hexapetala Gilib.
Results suggest that the stability of the extract is expressed in a variety of pH and
thermal conditions. The root extract of F. hexapetala exerted a concentration-dependent
antioxidant activity in a meat model system, lower than synthetic antioxidant BHT.Danas je u ishrani zastupljen veliki broj prirodnih proizvoda, tako da
prehrambena industrija sve više koristi prirodne antioksidante, a sintetički antioksidanti se
izbacuju iz upotrebe zbog njihove kancerogenosti. Prirodni antioksidanti se koriste umesto
sintetičkih da uspore oksidaciju lipida, poboljšaju kvalitet i nutritivnu vrednost namirnica.
Cilj ovog rada bio je određivanje pH i termalne stabilnosti, kao i efekta na lipidnu
oksidaciju u mesu metanolskog ekstrakta korena biljke Filipendula hexapetala Gilib.
Rezultati ukazuju da je stabilnost ekstrakta izražena u različitim pH i termalnim
uslovima. Ekstrakt korena F. hexapetala pokazao je koncentraciono-zavisnu
antioksidativnu aktivnost u meso model-sistemu, nešto nižu u odnosu na sintetički
antioksidant BHT
Uticaj načina proizvodnje na sadržaj zasićenih masnih kiselina u mleku
Get PDFIn this paper is tested the effect of conventional and organic wau of milk production
on the content of saturated fatty acids in milk fat. Examination was conducted on two
farms in different production systems in the Republic of Srpska. On each farm
individually, over a period of 6 months, were tested 12 samples of milk. In the milk
samples was determined the content of certain saturated fatty acids and for that results
was performed statistical analysis.U ovom radu ispitivan je uticaj konvencionalne i organske proizvodnje mleka
na sadržaj zasićenih masnih kiselina u mlečnoj masti. Ispitivanje je izvršeno na dve farme
iz različitih sistema proizvodnje u Republici Srpskoj. Sa svake farme pojedinacno, u
periodu od 6 meseci, ispitano je po 12 uzoraka mleka. U uzorcima mleka određen je
sadržaja određenih zasićenih masnih kiselina a za dobijene rezultete urađena je statistička
obrada podataka
Razvoj organske poljoprivrede i stočarstva u svetu, Evropi i kod nas
Get PDFThe intensification of agricultural production, both crop and livestock, has brought
many benefits to human society , but the intensive development of agriculture and its
orientation on industrial principles carry with them the negative effects, which were
multiplied and increased more and more. The main negative effects are following
conventional intensive agricultural production are reflected in: soil erosion and
biodiversity, animal product obtained by animals that are grown under conditions of
constant stress, the presence of residues of antibiotics and chemical crop protection
products.
With the knowledge of the negative effects of intensive industrial agriculture and
the consequences that may have a consuming products in the same in terms of the health
of consumers increases interest in unconventional, especially organic production. All of
this contributed to over the last decade, the scope organic agriculture on a global scale
significantly increased. The expansion of organic agriculture have contributed to the
standards defined by the laws and regulations that provide a framework for enabling
good life conditions for farm animals.Intenzifikacija poljoprivredne proizvodnje, kako ratarske, tako i stočarske
donela je mnogo koristi ljudskom društvu, ali intenzivan razvoj poljoprivrede i njena
orjentacija na industrijskim principima nosili su sa sobom i negativne efekte, koji su se
umnožavali i sve više rasli. Osnovni negativni efekti koji prate konvencionalnu
intenzivnu poljoprivrednu proizvodnju ogledaju se u eroziji zemljišta i biodiverziteta,
animalnim proizvodima dobijenim od životinja koje se gaje u uslovima konstantnog
stresa, prisustvu rezidua antibiotika i hemijskih proizvoda za zaštitu bilja.
Sa spoznajom negativnih efekata intenzivne industrijske poljoprivredne proizvodnje
kao i posledice koje može da ima konzumiranje proizvoda iz iste sa aspekta zdravlja
potrošača raste interesovanje za nekonvencionalnu, a posebno organsku proizvodnju.
Sve ovo uticalo je da se tokom poslednje decenije obim organske proizvodnje u
svetskim razmerama znatno poveća. Širenju organske proizvodnje doprineli su i
standardi definisani kroz zakonske propise i regulative koji obezbeđuju okvir za
omogućavanje dobrih životnih uslova za domaće životinje
Bioetanol kao alternativno gorivo
Get PDFGreat demographic expansion of the population as well as steady increase in
industrial production led to a substantial decline in natural resources, of energy, and
thus contributed to the dramatic environmental pollution. Benzin obtained from crude
oil by burning gives hazardous products such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide,
oxides of nitrogen and lead compounds. Addition of ethanol to gasoline reduces the
pollution of the atmosphere and increases the octane number of gasoline. The greatest
significance of the application of ethanol in terms of reducing atmospheric pollution is
the reduction in emissions of carbon monoxide, which belongs to gases that
significantly contribute to the greenhouse effect.Velika demografska ekspanzija stanovništva kao i stalni porast industrijske
proizvodnje doveli su do osetnog smanjenja prirodnih resursa energije, a time doprineli
i dramatičnom zagađenju životne okoline. Benzin dobijen iz nafte, sagorevanjem daje
štetne produkte kao što su ugljenmonoksid, sumpordioksid, oksidi azota i olovna
jedinjenja. Dodatkom etanola benzinu smanjuje se zagađenje atmosfere i povećava se
oktanski broj benzina. Najveći značaj primene etanola sa aspekta smanjenja zagađenja
atmosfere je smanjenje emisije ugljenmonoksida koji pripada gasovima koji značajno
doprinose efektu staklene bašte
Morfološke karakteristike fitopatogenih gljiva Leptosphaeria Maculans i Leptosphaeria Biglobosa uzročnika raka stabla uljane repice u Srbiji
Get PDFCancer stem and blackleg is economically the most important disease of oilseed rape
worldwide. This disease is caused by two species of plant pathogenic fungi of the genus
Leptosphaeria: Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) ces. and de Not anamorf Phoma
lingam (Tode. Fr.) Desmas, i Leptosphaeria biglobosa Shoem and Brun. On nutrient
PDA medium at 25 ± 1 º C were studied morphological traits (growth, appearance and
color of mycelia, set the edge colonies, the presence of fruiting bodies, the smell and the
secretion of pigment, the size, shape and color of pycnidia and piknospora) 12 isolates
(isolated in Serbia K -112, K-113, K-114, K-115, K-117, K-8, LJ-3, L-10, GS-27, St-12,
S-2 and C-5) and control 2 (Lm, Lb) mushrooms. Isolates K-112, K-113, K-114, K-115,
K-117 having a quick and regular increase, secreted yellow brown pigment, while K-8,
LJ-3, L-10, GS-27, ST-12, S-2 and C-5 form irregular colonies with no pigment, have
slow growth and abundant sporulation. The experiment was set up in the four repeats
and mycelial growth isolates listed was measured in cm after 5, 10 and 15 days.Rak stabla i suva trulež korena je ekonomski najvažnije oboljenje uljane
repice širom sveta. Ovu bolest prouzrokuju dve vrste fitopatogenih gljiva iz roda
Leptosphaeria: Leptosphaeria maculans (Desm.) ces. and de Not anamorf Phoma
lingam (Tode. Fr.) Desmas, i Leptosphaeria biglobosa Shoem and Brun. Na hranjivoj
PDA podlozi pri temperaturi 25±1ºC proučavane su morfološke osobine (porast, izgled i
boja micelije, izgled ivice kolonije, prisustvo plodonosnih tela, miris i lučenje
pigmenata, veličina, oblik i boja piknida i piknospora) 12 izolata (izolovanih u Srbiji K-
112, K-113, K-114, K-115, K-117, K-8, LJ-3, L-10, GS-27, St-12, S-2 i C-5) i 2
kontrolna (L.m,L.b) gljive. Izolati K-112, K-113, K-114, K-115, K-117 imaju brz i
pravilan porast,luče žuto mrki pigment,dok K-8, LJ-3, L-10, GS-27, St-12, S-2 i C-5
obrazuju nepravilne kolonije bez pigmenta,imaju spor porast i obilniju sporulaciju.
Ogled je postavljen u četiri ponavlja a porast micelije navedenih izolata je meren u cm
posle 5, 10 i 15 dana
Teški metali u vodi gradske vodovodne mreže Novog Beograda
Get PDFIn this work, the subject of research is the scale formed by heating the drinking water that
flows through the city water supply of New Belgrade. Analysis of the scale showed that its
main ingredient is CaCO3, but in the scale and in drinking water could be found alkali and
alkaline earth metals, heavy metals, semimetals and radioactive elements.
In tested drinking water elements whose presence in large quantities is not desirable (eg,
Pb) are proven to exist, as well as elements that, so far, have not been found in the water of the
Belgrade water supply (eg, Ni). Based on the results of fractional analysis, it is concluded that
the uranium found in the scale and in the drinking water is in the form of potentially accessible
and mobile fractions which indicate its anthropogenic origin.
Analysis of scale, with all the parameters of scale existing (water flow, temperature, etc..),
presents an indirect method of analyzing the quality of drinking water, especially for low levels
of pollutants which are harmful to the human body.Predmet ispitivanja u radu bio je kamenac nastao zagrevanjem vode za piće
koja protiče kroz gradsku vodovodnu mrežu Novog Beograda. Analiza kamenca
pokazala je da je njegov glavni sastojak CaCO3, ali se u kamencu, a samim tim i u vodi
za piće, nalaze i alkalni i zemnoalkalni metali, teški metali, polumetali i radioaktivni
elementi.
U ispitivanoj vodi za piće dokazani su elementi čije prisustvo u većoj količini nije
poželjno (npr. Pb), ali i elementi koji, do sada, nisu nađeni u vodi beogradskog
vodovoda (npr. Ni). Na osnovu rezultata frakcione ekstrakcije, zaključuje se da se uran
u kamencu, a samim tim i u vodi za piće, nalazi u obliku potencijalno pristupačnih i
mobilnih frakcija koje ukazuju na njegovo antropogeno poreklo.
Analiza kamenca, uz poznavanje svih parametara nastanka kamenca (protok vode,
temperatura i dr.), predstavlja posrednu metodu analize kvaliteta vode za piće, posebno
za polutante niskih sadržaja štetnih za ljudski organizam