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Uticaj hladne plzme na mortalitet Tribolium castaneum u brašnu
No full textCold plasma is an emerging non thermal processing technology and is one of the novel promising methods for insect mortality. In order to study whether cold plasma could be suitable for control and to investigate the effect of plasma stress on mortality of Tribolium castaneum, three treatment variables were used: electrode gap (3 to 5cm), exposure time (1 to 5min) and applied voltage (1000 to 2500V). Mortality rate of an adult was examined after 24h of incubation at 35°C with twenty different treatment combinations as per CCD of RSM. Significant increase in mortality rate of an adult was observed with increase in applied voltage, exposure time and decrease in electrode distance. No significant color change was observed due to plasma exposure on Maida flour using L, a, b color values. This study will pave the way for an effective low temperature treatment technique in stored food product insect management.Hladna plazma je nova tehnologija hladne prerade koja utiče na uginuće insekata . U cilju ispitivanja pogodnosti hladne plazme za kontrolu Tribolium castaneum korišćena su tri varijabilna tretmana: zazor elektroda (3 do 5 cm), vreme izlaganja (1 do 5 min) i napon (1000 do 2500V) . Stopa smrtnosti je ispitivana nakon 24h inkubacije na 35°C sa dvadeset različitih kombinacija tretmana kao prema CCD od RSM. Značajno povećanje stope smrtnosti primećena je sa porastom napona, vremena izloženosti i smanjenja zazora elektroda. Nema značajne promene boje zbog izlaganja brašna plazmi. Ova studija će otvoriti put za efikasnu tehniku tretmana niskim temperaturama u skladištu prehrambenih proizvoda radi kontrole insekata
Elektrofilterski pepeo kosovskih termoelektrana kao materijal za kalcizaciju kiselih zemljišta
Get PDFFly-ash which is being produced as a result of coal combustion provides serious environmental problem, especialy if it is hardly remediated. Kosovo powerplants since 1963 have formed huge fly-ash dumps, with over than 200,000 t of fly-ash, which provides seriou environmental problem now. Afact that fly-ash of Kosovo powerplants is alkaline, with relatively high content of CaO, recommends it as a material which can be successfuly used in melioration of acid soils.Elektrofilterski pepeo (EF) koji nastaje kao proizvod sagorevanja uglja u elektranama predstavlja ozbiljan ekološki problem, naročito ako je slabo rekultibilan. Kosovske termoelektrane su tokom vremena, od 1963. godine do danas, formirale ogromne deponije EF pepela, čija težina danas iznosi 200.000 tona i predstavljaju ozbiljan ekološki problem. Činjenica da je EF pepeo kosovskih termoelektrana alkalne reakcije, sa relativno visokim sadržajem CaO, preporuka je da se, kao material, može koristiti za uspešnu popravku kiselih zemljišta, što je i cilj ovog rada
Upotreba modela hydrus-2d za simulaciju dinamike zemljišne vlage kod citrusa sa navodnjavanjem kap po kap
No full textThe demand of water for irrigation is gradually increasing due to
escalating competition for fresh water by urban, industrial, and agricultural users. To
sustain or increase agricultural productivity, there is a need to adopt highly efficient
irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation in crop production. Studies related to water
dynamics in crop root zone is the pre-requisite for efficient and economic design of any
irrigation system. In the present study, the water dynamics under drip irrigation was
evaluated taking citrus as a test crop in sandy loam soil. The soil water content observed
in effective root zone (0–60 cm) of the crop showed that water availability was higher in
top 15 cm soil, whereas at 45–60 cm soil depth the water content remained unchanged.
Drip emitter placement in tree basin had a good influence on water distribution in root
zone. The soil water content was simulated using HYDRUS-2D model to compare the
observed data of water distribution in the soil in root zone of the crop. The calibrated
model predicted all the parameters close to observed values with root mean square
(RMSE) values ranging from 0.013 to 0.015. However, lower RMSE values were
observed at deeper soil layers. At fruit maturity stage, water present at 45-60 cm soil
depth was predicted to be 12.5% higher in comparison to measured values. Overall,
HYDRUS-2D model has proved it’s ability to predict soil water dynamics with higher
accuracy in the present crop and soil condition.Potrebe za vodom za navodnjavanje se postepeno povećavaju zbog
povećanih potreba za svežom vodom u urbanim, industrijskim i poljoprivrednim
područjima. Za održavanje i povećanje poljoprivredne proizvodnje potrebno je
prilagođavanje visoko efikasnih tehnologija navodnjavanja kao što je navodnjavanje kap
po kap. Proučavanje dinamike zemljišne vlage u zoni korenovog sistema je preduslov za
efikasno i ekonomično projektovanje sistema za navodnjavanje. U ovom istraživanju
analizirana je dinamika vlage kod navodnjavanja kap po kap plantaže citrusa kao
oglednog zasada na peskovito-ilovastom zemljištu. Sadržaj zemljišne vode praćen je u
efektivnoj zoni korena (0–60 cm) i uočeno je da je dostupnost vode bila veća u gornjih
15 cm zemljišta, dok je na dubini od 45–60 cm sadržaj vode ostao nepromenjen. Položaj
kapalice u osnovi stabla uticao je na raspodelu vode u zoni korena. Sadržaj zemljišne
vlage bio je simuliran modelom HYDRUS-2D radi poređenja izmerenih podataka
raspodele vode u zoni korena biljaka. Kalibrisani model je predvideo sve parametre blizu
izmerenih vrednosti, sa srednjim kvadratnim odstupanjem od 0.013 do 0.015. Ipak,
manje vrednosti odstupanja su uočene u dubljim zemljišnim slojevima. Pri stanju pune
zrelosti voća, procenjeni sadržaj vode prisutne na dubini od 45-60 cm bio je 12.5% veći
u poređenju sa izmerenim vrednostima. Ukupno, model HYDRUS-2D je pokazao svoju
sposobnost da predvidi dinamiku zemljišne vlage sa visokom tačnošću kod ovig zasada i
i u ovim zemljišnim uslovima
Analiza ratarske proizvodnje u Republici Srpskoj
Get PDFBosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) has around 1.009.000 ha of arable land, where 527.000 ha are seeded, 478.000 ha are make up of fallow land and uncultivated arable land, and 4.000 ha of seedbeds and other. Regarding crops’ type, the sowing structure is as following: grains (57%), forage plants (26%), vegetables (15%) and industrial crops (2%). Within the past couple of years was recorded the increase of uncultivated arable land and fallow land for 32.000 ha. In Republic of Srpska (RS) 299.876 ha are seeded, from which 199.046 ha are seeded with grains, 37.316 ha with vegetables, 5.510 ha with industrial plants, 32.267 ha with forage plants and 4.640 ha with other crops.Bosna i Hercegovina ima oko 1.009.000 ha oraničnih površina, od čega je zasijano oko 527.000 ha, ugari i neobrađene oranice čine 478.000 ha, a rasadnici i ostalo na oranicama 4.000 ha. U strukturi sjetve, posmatrano po usjevima, žitarice učestvuju sa oko 57%, zatim slijedi krmno bilje - sa učešćem od 26%, povrće - sa učešćem od 15% i industrijsko bilje - sa učešćem od svega 2%. U Republici Srpskoj zasijano je 299.876 ha, od čega 199.046 ha čine žita, 37.316 na povrće, 5.510 ha industrijsko bilje, 32.267 ha krmno bilje i 4.640 ha ostali usjevi
Ekološke karaktristike zajednice Lolio-Plantaginetum Majoris beger 1930
Get PDFThe paper presents the ruderal association Loli-Plantaginetum majoris of the area Pale. Taxonomic analysis of the association was found 101 species. The analysis of the areal spectrum shows the dominance of the wider geographical spread (eurasian, cosmopolitan, boreal). The association has hemicryptophytes-terophytic character. Analysis of the ecological indexes shows that the most common are mesophytes, neutrophil and mesotrophic plants. In relation to the temperature, the association has mezoterm character.U radu je opisana ruderalna zajednica Lolio-Plantaginetum majoris sa području Pala. U florističkom pogledu zajednicu gradi 101 vrsta. U areal spektru dominiraju vrste šireg geografskog rasprostranjenja (evroazijske, kosmopolitske, borealne). Zajednica ima hemikriptofitsko-terofitski karakter. Analiza ekoloških indeksa pokazuje da su najzastupljenije submezofite, neutrofilne i mezotrofne biljke, koje uspijevaju u uslovima polusjenke i pune dnevne svjetlosti. U odnosu na temperaturu, zajednicu grade biljke mezotermnog karaktera
Management as a Process of Interaction Between Employees, Social Environment and the Nature of Task – Fiedler's Contingency Model
Get PDFIn contingency model Fiedler there is high value of the correlation coefficient in the interaction between individuals - employees, social environment and tasks in an organization. In addition, significantly is influence of cognitive factors - intelligence, experience and professional competences to work process. This is a fundamental basis in management, determining management styles of superiors - managers. The valuation of their superiors have considerable function in the operation of their own personal values of each individual employee , and also about the value of employee on its working position and the role it plays in the organization
Biološka kontrola skladišnih fitopatogenih gljiva
Get PDFThe intensive use of fungicides has resulted in accumulation of toxic compounds potentially hazardous to humans and environment, and also in the build up of resistance of the pathogens. The development and application of biological agents is one of the alternative measures. Screening is a critical step in the development of biological control agents. The success of all subsequent stages depends on the ability of a screening procedure to identify an appropriate candidat. In the last two decades a large number of studies have shown that antagonistic migroorganisms from the genus Trichoderma, Gliocladium, Bacillus and Streptomyces able to reduce the activity of postharvest fungal pathogens.Intenzivna primena fungicida dovela je do nagomilavanja toksičnih jedinjenja, potencijalno opasnih po zdravlje ljudi i životnu sredinu, i razvoja rezistentnosti patogena. Razvoj i primena bioloških agenasa je jedna od alternativnih mera. Skrining je kritičan korak u razvoju bioloških agenasa. Uspeh u svim kasnijim fazama zavisi od postupka skrininga i identifikacije odgovarajućeg antagoniste. U toku poslednje dve decenije mnogobrojna istraživanja su pokazala da biološki agensi iz roda Trichoderma, Gliocladium, Bacillus i Streptomyces imaju sposobnost redukcije skladišnih fitopatogenih gljiva
Neenzimski antioksidativni status paradajza sorte „Volovsko srce“ sa područja Lijevče Polja
Get PDFThe results of determination of non- enzymatic antioxidant capacity tomato variety “volovsko srce” are presented in this paper. Content of total phenols is between 88.81 to 138.44 µgGAE/gFW, total flavonoids from 59.25 to 66.95 µgQc/gFW, and flavonols from 94.49 to 243.47 µgQc/gFW respectively. The content of lycopene in the samples ranged from 136.32 to 600,3 µg/100gFW, while we determined and the content of vitamin C , which is 12.6 to 15.87 mg/100gFW for 3 different sample probes. The results of antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of tomato variety “volovsko srce” obtained using DPPH and ABTS methods as compared to Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity are: DPPH ranged from 1.81 to 2.54 µmol Trolox/gFW, for ABTS from 0.19 to 2.23 µmol Trolox/gFW. The results are in agreement with literature data , but it is most likely to some differences due to different ways of breeding samples.Rezultati određivanja neenzimskih antioksidativnih kapaciteta paradajza sorte „Volovsko srce“ prikazani su u ovom radu. Sadržaj ukupnih fenola se kreće u rasponu od 88.81 do 138.44 µgGAE/gFW, ukupni flavonoidi od 59.25 do 66.95 µgQc/gFW, te flavonoli od 94.49 do 243.47 µgQc/gFW respektivno. Sadržaj likopena u uzorcima se kretao od 136.32 do 600,3 µg/100gFW, dok je određen i sadržaj vitamina C koji iznosi 12.6 do 15.87 mg/100gFW za 3 različita uzorka. Rezultati antioksidativne aktivnosti etanolnih ekstrakata paradajza sorte „volovsko srce“ određeni su primjenom DPPH i ABTS metoda u odnosu na Trolox ekvivalent i iznose: DPPH u rasponu od 1.81 do 2.54 µmol Trolox/gFW, za ABTS od 0.19 do 2.23 µmol Trolox/gFW. Rezultati su u saglasnosti sa literaturnim podacima, ali je, najvjerovatnije, do određenih razlika došlo zbog različitog načina uzgoja ispitivanih uzoraka
Senzorni i hemijski kvalitet sudžuka proizvedenog različitim tehnološkim postupcima
Get PDFIn our study has examined sensory and chemical quality of sudzuk produced by different technological processes in household and industrial conditions. Sudzuk produced in the household is estimated higher marks for the general impression (p<0.05), the external appearance and color of the surface (p<0.01). Industrially manufactured sudzuk got the highest marks for consistency (p<0.01). By comparing colors at the intersection, composition, smell and taste were not observed statistically significant differences. There were statistically significant differences (p<0.01) in the moisture content, fat, ash, and the pH values, and a significant difference in the content of NaCl (p<0.05). Between the protein content there was no statistically significant difference.U radu je ispitivan senzorni i hemijski kvalitet sudžuka proizvedenog različitim tehnološkim postupcima: u domaćinstvu i u industrijskim uslovima. Sudžuk proizveden u domaćinstvu je ocenjen višim ocenama za opšti utisak (p<0.05), spoljašnji izgled i boju po površini (p<0.01). Industrijski proizveden sudžuk je dobio najviše ocene za konzistenciju (p<0.01). Poređenjem boje na preseku, sastava, mirisa i ukusa nisu zapažene statistički značajne razlike. Utvrđene su statistički veoma značajne razlike (p<0.01) u sadržaju vlage, masti, pepela i pH vrednosti, i značajna razlika u sadržaju NaCl (p<0.05). Između sadržaja proteina nije postojala statistički značajna razlika
Sadržaj polifenola u grožđu različitih klonova sorte Cabernet franc selekcionisanih u Srbiji
Get PDFPolyphenols are a large group of structurally diverse compounds widely represented in plants. To a large extent contribute to the nutritional and organoleptic characteristics of fruits and vegetables. The aim of the study was to determine the contents of a selected flavan-3-ols in grape of Cabernet Franc clones (No. 02, 010 and 012) obtained in the last phase perennial clonal selection of the variety in the Republic of Serbia. The enriched content of catechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, gallocatechin gallate and catechin gallate, compared to the standard and the other two clones specifically allocated No. 010.Polifenoli su velika grupa strukturno različitih jednjenja široko zastupljenih u biljkama. U velikoj meri doprinose hranjivosti i organoleptičkim osobinama voća i povrća. Cilj rada bio je određivanje sadržaja odabranih flavan-3-ola u grožđu Cabernet Franc klonova (No.02, 010 i 012) dobijenih u poslednjoj fazi višegodišnje klonske selekcije sorte u Republici Srbiji. Po obogaćenom sadržaju katehina, epigalokatehina, epikatehina, epikatehin galata, i katehin galata u grožđu u odnosu na standard i druga dva klona posebno se izdvaja klon No. 010